Title of Regulation: 3VAC5-50. Retail Operations (amending 3VAC5-50-60).

Statutory Authority: §§ 4.1-103 and 4.1-111 of the Code of Virginia.

Effective Date: February 26, 2014.

Agency Contact: W. Curtis Coleburn III, Chief Operating Officer, Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control, 2901 Hermitage Road, Richmond, VA 23220, telephone (804) 213-4409, FAX (804) 213-4411, TTY (804) 213-4687, or email curtis.coleburn@abc.virginia.gov.

Summary:

This regulatory action amends the general procedures for mixed beverage restaurants by (i) prescribing the labeling, container size, and recordkeeping requirements for infusing, storing, and selling flavored distilled spirits and (ii) requiring compliance with all applicable state and federal food safety requirements.

Summary of Public Comments and Agency's Response: A summary of comments made by the public and the agency's response may be obtained from the promulgating agency or viewed at the office of the Registrar of Regulations.

3VAC5-50-60. Procedures for mixed beverage licensees generally; mixed beverage restaurant licensees; sales of spirits in closed containers.

A. No mixed beverage restaurant or carrier licensee shall:

1. Prepare, other than frozen drinks, or sell any mixed beverage except pursuant to a patron's order and immediately preceding delivery to him.

2. Serve as one drink the entire contents of a container of spirits in its original container for on-premises consumption except as provided by subsections C, D, and E of this section.

3. Sell any mixed beverage to which alcohol has been added.

B. No mixed beverage restaurant licensee shall:

1. Allow to be kept upon the licensed premises any container of alcoholic beverages of a type authorized to be purchased under his license that does not bear the required mixed beverage stamp imprinted with his license number and purchase report number.

2. Use in the preparation of a mixed beverage any alcoholic beverage not purchased from the board or a wholesale wine licensee.

3. Fail to obliterate the mixed beverage stamp immediately when any container of spirits is emptied.

4. Allow any patron to possess more than two drinks of mixed beverages at any one time.

C. If a restaurant for which a mixed beverage restaurant license has been issued under § 4.1-210 of the Code of Virginia is located on the premises of a hotel or motel, whether the hotel or motel be under the same or different ownership, sales of mixed beverages, including sales of spirits packaged in original closed containers purchased from the board, as well as other alcoholic beverages, for consumption in bedrooms and private rooms of such hotel or motel, may be made by the licensee subject to the following conditions in addition to other applicable laws:

1. Spirits sold by the drink as mixed beverages or in original closed containers must have been purchased under the mixed beverage restaurant license upon purchase forms provided by the board;

2. Delivery of sales of mixed beverages and spirits in original closed containers shall be made only in the bedroom of the registered guest or to the sponsoring group in the private room of a scheduled function. This section shall not be construed to prohibit a licensee catering a scheduled private function from delivering mixed beverage drinks to guests in attendance at such function;

3. Receipts from the sale of mixed beverages and spirits sold in original closed containers, as well as other alcoholic beverages, shall be included in the gross receipts from sales of all such merchandise made by the licensee; and

4. Complete and accurate records of sales of mixed beverages and sales of spirits in original closed containers to registered guests in bedrooms and to sponsors of scheduled private functions in private rooms shall be kept separate and apart from records of all mixed beverage sales.

D. Carrier licensees may serve miniatures not in excess of two fluid ounces or 50 milliliters, in their original containers, for on-premises consumption.

E. A mixed beverage restaurant may serve as one drink the entire contents of a container of soju in its original container for on-premises consumption under the following conditions:

1. The container may be no larger than 375 milliliters.

2. Each container of soju served must be served for consumption by at least two patrons legally eligible to consume alcoholic beverages.

F. A mixed beverage restaurant licensee may infuse, store, and sell flavored distilled spirits under the following circumstances:

1. If infused in the original spirits container, the mixed beverage stamp must remain affixed to the bottle.

2. If infused in a container other than the original spirits container, the substitute container, which shall not exceed two liters in volume, will be labeled with the following information:

a. Date of infusion;

b. Brand of spirits; and

c. Amount of spirits used.

3. Accurate records must be kept by the mixed beverage licensee as to the spirits used in any spirits infusion process.

4. Licensees infusing distilled spirits shall comply with all applicable state and federal food safety regulations.

Title of Regulation: 4VAC5-15. Nutrient Management Training and Certification Regulations (amending 4VAC5-15-10, 4VAC5-15-150).

Statutory Authority: § 10.1-104.2:1 of the Code of Virginia.

Public Hearing Information: No public hearings are scheduled.

Public Comment Deadline: February 26, 2014.

Effective Date: March 13, 2014.

Agency Contact: David C. Dowling, Policy and Planning Director, Department of Conservation and Recreation, 600 East Main Street, 24th Floor, Richmond, VA 23219, telephone (804) 786-2291, FAX (804) 786-6141, or email david.dowling@dcr.virginia.gov.

Basis: Section 10.1-104.2:1 of the Code of Virginia requires the Virginia Soil and Water Conservation Board to adopt regulations that amend the application rates in the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria (standards and criteria) by incorporating into such regulations or the documents incorporated by reference the recommended application rates for nitrogen in lawn fertilizer and lawn maintenance fertilizer and the recommended application rates for "slow or controlled release fertilizer" and "enhanced efficiency lawn fertilizer," as such terms are defined and adopted or proposed for adoption by the Association of American Plant Food Control Officials (AAPFCO), as described in the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services' December 2011 "Report on the Use of Slowly Available Nitrogen in Lawn Fertilizer and Lawn Maintenance Fertilizer."

Purpose: Enactment clause 3 of Chapter 341 of the 2011 Acts of Assembly stated "[t]hat the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services shall provide, no later than December 15, 2011, a report to the House Committee on Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources and the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources concerning the use of slowly available nitrogen in lawn fertilizer and lawn maintenance fertilizer. The report shall (i) conduct an assessment of the most effective means to encourage the use of slowly available nitrogen in lawn fertilizer and lawn maintenance fertilizer, (ii) determine the most appropriate percentages of slowly available nitrogen to be included in lawn fertilizer and lawn maintenance fertilizer, (iii) recommend the most appropriate effective date for any change, (iv) calculate the costs to the manufacturer and consumer, and (v) provide a review of any other issues related to the use of slowly available nitrogen in lawn fertilizer and lawn maintenance fertilizer. The Department shall consult with the Department of Conservation and Recreation and the Chesapeake Bay Commission and, at the Department's discretion, may convene a technical advisory committee of stakeholders concerning the development and content of the report."

In response to this legislative mandate, the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (VDACS) convened a technical advisory committee (TAC), which included, among others, the Department of Conservation and Recreation (DCR) and the Chesapeake Bay Commission. The TAC met three times during the summer of 2011 and VDACS issued a report to the General Assembly in December of 2011. The report on the use of slowly available nitrogen in lawn fertilizer and lawn maintenance fertilizer contained the following:

The recommended application rates for nitrogen in lawn fertilizer and lawn maintenance fertilizer are as follows:

No more than 0.7 pounds per 1,000 square feet of readily available nitrogen, as defined by AAPFCO, during any given 30-day period.

No more than 0.9 pounds per 1,000 square feet of total nitrogen on cool season grasses during any given 30-day period.

No more than 1.0 pound per 1,000 square feet of total nitrogen on warm season grasses during any given 30-day period.

The recommended application rates for "Slow or Controlled Release Fertilizer," and for "Enhanced Efficiency" lawn maintenance fertilizer, as defined and adopted or proposed for adoption by AAPFCO, are as follows:

No more than 2.5 pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet per application, with a release rate of no more than 0.7 pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet per 30 days.

The total annual application rate shall not exceed 80% of the nitrogen rates recommended for cool or warm season grasses in the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria.

Finally, the TAC recommends that the target effective date for the implementation of the recommended application rates and amendments to the Code of Virginia be July 1, 2014.

Legislation passed by the 2012 General Assembly and signed by the Governor amended § 10.1-104.2:1 of the Code of Virginia to require that DCR incorporate the report's recommended applications rates in the standards and criteria documents incorporated by reference in 4VAC5-15 and utilize a fast-track regulatory process to adopt the change by July 1, 2014.

Modifications being made to the Nutrient Management Training and Certification Regulations and the Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria will protect the health, welfare, and safety of the citizens of the Commonwealth by improving water quality through the amendment of application rates for nitrogen in lawn fertilizers.

Rationale for Using Fast-Track Process: The proposed changes to the standards and criteria amend only one of the nine sections of the Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria. The changes made to the standards and criteria are expected to be noncontroversial, and the changes incorporate the recommendations made by the 2011 TAC convened by VDACS and mandated for incorporation by state law through a fast-track regulatory action in accordance with § 10.1-104.2:1 of the Code of Virginia.

Membership on the 2011 TAC, established by VDACS, included representatives from: (i) DCR; (ii) the Chesapeake Bay Commission; (iii) the Chesapeake Bay Foundation; (iv) Agrium Advanced Technologies; (v) Responsible Industry for a Sound Environment (RISE); (vi) Scotts Miracle-Gro; (vii) Southern States; (viii) University of Florida; (ix) Virginia Agribusiness Council; (x) Virginia Cooperative Extension; (xi) Virginia Crop Production Association; (xii) Virginia Farm Bureau; (xiii) Virginia Green Lawn Care; (xiv) Virginia Nursery and Landscape Association; (xv) Virginia Association of Soil and Water Conservation Districts; (xvi) Virginia Tech Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences; and (xvii) the Virginia Turfgrass Council. The TAC concluded its meetings in September 2011, and after that time, the Chesapeake Bay Commission, in conjunction with industry representatives, initiated further discussions that led to the recommendations contained in the report published in December 2011. Consequently, it is the agency's understanding that the recommendations have been shared with members of the TAC and with members of the General Assembly and that the changes proposed by DCR in this regulatory action address those recommendations.

This fast-track regulatory action amends the date references in 4VAC5-15-10 and 4VAC5-10-150 for the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria document from October 2005 to July 2014, and amends the standards and criteria document, which is a document incorporated by reference in the regulation. The proposed amendments to the standards and criteria document only affect Section VI, "Turfgrass Nutrient Recommendations for Home Lawns, Office Parks, Public Lands and Other Similar Residential/Commercial Grounds." The amendments to this section incorporate the recommended fertilizer application rates contained in the December 2011 report and pertinent definitions from the Association of American Plant Food Control Officials.

Substance: The amendments to 4VAC5-15-15 (Definitions) and 4VAC5-15-150 (Required nutrient management plan procedures) change the reference to the current standards and criteria document that is incorporated by reference from October 2005 to July 2014. Section VI (Turfgrass Nutrient Recommendations for Home Lawns, Office Parks, Public Lands and Other Similar Residential/Commercial Grounds) is one of nine sections within the standards and criteria. Only changes to Section VI are being made, and no other sections within that document are being amended by this regulatory action. The amendments to Section VI address the recommendations contained in the 2011 report from the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services in response to the legislative mandate contained in § 10.1-104.2:1 of the Code of Virginia.

The proposed amendments conform the standards and criteria to the requirements of § 10.1-104.2:1 of the Code of Virginia and the recommendations contained in the VDACS 2011 report, and they also ensure consistency with the labeling standards for slowly available nitrogen that are contained in § 3.2-3607 G of the Code of Virginia. The department recommends an effective date for the amended standards and criteria of July 1, 2014. This effective date is also consistent with § 3.2-3607 G of the Code of Virginia.

Issues: The amendments comport with the Code of Virginia to address a legislative mandate to incorporate into regulation the following: (i) recommended application rates for nitrogen in lawn fertilizer and lawn maintenance fertilizer and (ii) recommended application rates for "slow or controlled release fertilizer" and "enhanced efficiency lawn fertilizer." There are no known disadvantages to the public or to the Commonwealth.

The amendments have been advanced in order to improve water quality in state waters across the Commonwealth through nutrient reductions. When the enacting legislation was introduced in 2012, the agency estimated that the change in recommended application rates could amount to as much as 164,000 pounds of nitrogen reductions if applied to all pervious developed areas (approximately1.2 million acres). Controls on fertilizer use and the resulting nitrogen reductions advanced through this regulatory action may result in fewer post-construction controls required of the homebuilding industry and will advance the economic gains associated with recreational and commercial use of Virginia's aquatic resources.

Department of Planning and Budget's Economic Impact Analysis:

Summary of the Proposed Amendments to Regulation. Pursuant to Chapter 796 of the 2012 Acts of Assembly, the Department of Conservation and Recreation (DCR) proposes to incorporate in its regulations new, and lower than current, recommended fertilizer application rates for nitrogen for new and existing lawns.

Result of Analysis. The benefits likely exceed the costs for all proposed changes.

Estimated Economic Impact. Pursuant to Chapter 796 of the 2012 Acts of Assembly, the proposed changes will incorporate in the regulations new, and lower than current, recommended fertilizer application rates for new and existing lawns. Chapter 341 of the 2011 Virginia Acts of Assembly directed the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (VDACS), in consultation with DCR and the Chesapeake Bay Commission, to prepare a report concerning, among other things, the recommended fertilizer application rates for lawns. In response, VDACS assembled a technical advisory committee that recommended the application rates below.

For lawn fertilizer and lawn maintenance fertilizer:

No more than 0.7 pounds per 1,000 square feet of readily available nitrogen, as defined by AAPFCO, during any given 30 day period.

No more than 0.9 pounds per 1,000 square feet of total nitrogen on cool season grasses during any given 30 day period.

No more than 1.0 pound per 1,000 square feet of total nitrogen on warm season grasses during any given 30 day period.

For "Slow or Controlled Release Fertilizer," and for "Enhanced Efficiency" lawn maintenance fertilizer:

No more than 2.5 pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet per application, with a release rate of no more than 0.7 pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet per 30 days.

The total annual application rate shall not exceed 80% of the nitrogen rates recommended for cool or warm season grasses in the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria.

Following the technical advisory committee's recommendations, Chapter 796 of the 2012 Acts of Assembly directed DCR to adopt these recommended fertilizer application rates in its regulations. In response, DCR updated its 2014 version of the document titled "Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria" to reflect these recommendations, and now proposes to make the same update to fertilizer application rates in its regulations pursuant to the new 2014 version.

The proposed recommended application rates are approximately 30% lower than the current rates. DCR estimated in 2012 that the change in the recommended application rates could amount to as much as 164,000 pounds of nitrogen reductions over 1.2 million acres of the area they are applied to. While this estimate continues to be the most current data available, there appears to be significant uncertainty associated with it. These rates are recommendations; they are not and will not be enforced. Their implementation will be accomplished primarily through education and training efforts directed to homeowners, golf courses, lawn maintenance businesses, etc. An accurate estimate would require compliance with the current rates, as well as the proposed rates, both of which are not known. Nonetheless, a general reduction in the quantity of fertilizers applied to lawns would have certain effects on property owners with lawns, manufacturers, DCR, and the environment.

Property owners with lawns could be private individuals, small or large for-profit corporations, non-profit organizations, or local, state or even federal government entities. However, DCR does not have an accurate inventory of entities that may be affected by these proposed application rates. If property owners reduce their fertilizer application rates, they would purchase less and realize some monetary savings. At the present time, home lawn fertilizer costs approximately $1 per pound. At this price, a 164,000 pounds reduction in fertilizer consumption would produce $164,000 in savings to property owners. In addition, nitrogen reductions in the Commonwealth's water bodies may result in fewer post-construction controls to reduce runoffs. These controls are known as best management practices and may include but are not limited to rainwater harvesting, vegetated roofs, bioretention, filtering practices, extended detention ponds, etc.

A non-negligible decrease in the quantity of fertilizers applied would also reduce the revenues of manufacturers. However, manufacturers are unlikely to experience any other significant compliance costs because the statute explicitly prohibits a ban on the sale of fertilizers whose labels are inconsistent with the new proposed rates at the time the proposed regulations go into effect. The proposed rates and their effective dates are already publicly available and manufacturers are likely to be in compliance by the time they become effective in July 2014.

The effects of the new application rates on DCR are not expected to be significant. The main effect on DCR is likely to be in terms of the need to provide training to educate affected entities about the changes in the recommended rates. However, the proposed regulations do not have any provisions requiring additional training. DCR estimates that changing the curriculum of the existing training would be sufficient enough to address the education aspect of the proposed rate changes. Thus, the administrative costs for DCR are expected to be minimal.

A significant reduction in the quantity of fertilizers applied to lawns would have certain positive environmental impacts. When properly applied, nutrients in fertilizers help plants grow and look beautiful. Thus, they are extensively used by property owners to maintain their landscape. However, lawn fertilizers sometimes run off into surface streams and other water bodies especially if they land on sidewalks, driveways, or gutters. Once they reach water bodies, they fuel growth of algae which, upon decomposition, reduces oxygen levels in the water and harms fish and other organisms. Nutrients in fertilizers may also leach into groundwater and contaminate it. The amount of runoff and leaching are affected by many factors including the slope of the area, the characteristics of the soil, vegetation, and the amount and timing of rainfall or watering. Finally, excess fertilizer application can injure the very landscape plants they are intended to help. In short, while proper application of fertilizers helps maintain landscape beauty and quality, misapplication can pollute lakes, rivers, bays, and even groundwater.

As the quality of water improves, the beneficial uses of water also improve. Thus, improved freshwater, marine, and estuarine quality certainly has an economic value. The value may stem from the improved commercial and recreational use of water resources such as fishing and duck hunting; improved primary and secondary contact recreational uses such as swimming and boating; improved tourism activity such as an increase in the number of visitors from other states; improved aquatic and wild life support such as providing a suitable habitat for certain species; improved water quality for potable and non-potable uses such as drinking and agricultural irrigation; a reduced need for cleaning efforts such as reductions in TMDL implementation costs for the Chesapeake Bay; etc.

Businesses and Entities Affected. These regulations apply to the property owners with lawns which could be private individuals, small or large for-profit corporations, non-profit organizations, or local, state or even federal government entities. Improved water quality could benefit all members of the public.

Localities Particularly Affected. While recommended application rates are uniform across the Commonwealth, reduced fertilizer runoff would benefit downstream localities more than it would upstream localities.

Projected Impact on Employment. The recommended reduction in the fertilizer application rates may reduce demand for labor by manufacturers as less of it may be produced in the Commonwealth. On the other hand, improvements in water quality would likely add to the demand for labor due to increased uses stimulating economic activity.

Effects on the Use and Value of Private Property. Applying the proper quantity of fertilizer is expected to benefit lawns as well as the quality of water bodies. A positive effect on the use and value of private properties in proximity of the improved lawns and improved water bodies may be expected.

Small Businesses: Costs and Other Effects. Most of the manufacturers of lawn fertilizers are believed to be large businesses. Thus, no significant cost on small businesses is expected. However, increased uses of water resources may benefit small businesses in proximity to these resources.

Small Businesses: Alternative Method that Minimizes Adverse Impact. The new recommended lawn fertilizer rates are not expected to have an adverse impact on small businesses.

Real Estate Development Costs. Nitrogen reductions in the Commonwealth's water bodies may lead to fewer post-construction controls known as best management practices and may reduce real estate development costs.

Legal Mandate. The Department of Planning and Budget (DPB) has analyzed the economic impact of this proposed regulation in accordance with § 2.2-4007.04 of the Administrative Process Act and Executive Order Number 14 (10). Section 2.2-4007.04 requires that such economic impact analyses include, but need not be limited to, a determination of the public benefit, the projected number of businesses or other entities to whom the regulation would apply, the identity of any localities and types of businesses or other entities particularly affected, the projected number of persons and employment positions to be affected, the projected costs to affected businesses or entities to implement or comply with the regulation, and the impact on the use and value of private property. Further, if the proposed regulation has an adverse effect on small businesses, § 2.2-4007.04 requires that such economic impact analyses include (i) an identification and estimate of the number of small businesses subject to the regulation; (ii) the projected reporting, recordkeeping, and other administrative costs required for small businesses to comply with the regulation, including the type of professional skills necessary for preparing required reports and other documents; (iii) a statement of the probable effect of the regulation on affected small businesses; and (iv) a description of any less intrusive or less costly alternative methods of achieving the purpose of the regulation. The analysis presented above represents DPB's best estimate of these economic impacts.

Agency Response to Economic Impact Analysis: The agency concurs with the economic impact analysis prepared by the Department of Planning and Budget.

Summary:

The amendment incorporates by reference the July 2014 revision of the Department of Conservation and Recreation's Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria (standards). The 2014 update to the standards incorporate recommended fertilizer application rates for nitrogen for new and existing lawns.

4VAC5-15-10. Definitions.

The words and terms used in this chapter shall have the following meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

"Application rate" or "nutrient rate" means the quantity of major nutrients, nitrogen as N, phosphorus as P₂O₅, and potassium as K₂O on a per acre basis to supply crop or plant nutrient needs, and to achieve realistic expected crop yields.

"Banding" or "sideband" means the placement of fertilizer approximately two inches to the side and two inches below the seed.

"Best management practice" means a conservation or pollution control practice that manages soil, nutrient losses, or other potential pollutant sources to minimize pollution of water resources, such as split applications of nitrogen, or use of cereal grain cover crops to trap available nitrogen and reduce soil erosion.

"Biosolids" means a sewage sludge that has received an established treatment for required pathogen control and is treated or managed to reduce vector attraction to a satisfactory level and contains acceptable levels of pollutants, such that it is acceptable for use for land application, marketing, or distribution in accordance with 12VAC5-585, Biosolids Use Regulations of the Board of Health.

"Broadcast" means the uniform application of a material over a field.

"Calibration" means the systematic determination of the operational parameters, such as speed and quantity delivered, of application equipment.

"Cereal crop" or "small grain" means barley, rye, triticale, or wheat.

"Certified nutrient management planner" or "nutrient management planner" or "planner" means a person who holds a current Virginia nutrient management certificate of competence.

"Cool season grass" means grass species of temperate zone origin which exhibit the greatest rates of dry matter production in the day/night temperature range of 60°/50°F to 80°/70°F. Examples of cool season grasses include fescue, bluegrass, and ryegrass.

"Commonwealth" means the Commonwealth of Virginia.

"Composted organic nutrient source" means the relatively stable, humus-like product resulting from the controlled aerobic, thermophilic biological decomposition of organic material that bears little physical resemblance to the raw materials from which it originated.

"Cover crop" means a crop including, but not limited to, cereal grains, which is planted following the harvest of the preceding crop for the purpose of:

1. Seasonal protection of soil, or

2. Assimilation of residual soil nitrogen left from a previous crop or from continued mineralization of nitrogen.

"Crop" means cultivated plants or agricultural produce such as grain, silage, forages, oilseeds, vegetables, fruit, nursery stock, or turfgrass.

"Cropland" means land used for the production of grain, oilseeds, silage, industrial crops, and any other category of crop not defined as specialty crop, hay, or pasture.

"Crop nutrient needs" means the primary nutrient requirements of a crop determined as pounds per acre or pounds per 1,000 square feet of nitrogen as N, phosphorus as P₂O₅, and potassium as K₂O required to support crop growth for production of an expected crop yield based upon soil analysis results as specified in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014, or Virginia Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations for 2005.

"Crop nutrient removal" means the amount of nutrients per acre expected to be taken up by a plant and removed from the site in the harvested portion at the expected yield level, generally expressed as tons per acre or bushels per acre, at rates specified in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014.

"Crop rotation" means one complete sequence of one or more crops grown in succession that may assist in minimizing disease, insects and weeds. For permanent hay, pasture, or a single crop planted continuously, the crop rotation is defined as the life of the nutrient management plan.

"Department" means the Department of Conservation and Recreation.

"Double crop" means the production and harvesting of two crops in succession within a consecutive 12-month growing season.

"Dry manure" or "semisolid manure" means manure containing less than 85.5% moisture.

"Environmentally sensitive site" means any field which is particularly susceptible to nutrient loss to groundwater or surface water since it contains or drains to areas which contain sinkholes, or where at least 33% of the area in a specific field contains one or any combination of the following features:

1. Soils with high potential for leaching based on soil texture or excessive drainage;

2. Shallow soils less than 41 inches deep likely to be located over fractured or limestone bedrock;

3. Subsurface tile drains;

4. Soils with high potential for subsurface lateral flow based on soil texture and poor drainage;

5. Floodplains as identified by soils prone to frequent flooding in county soil surveys; or

6. Lands with slopes greater than 15%.

"Expected crop yield" means a realistic crop yield for a given farm field determined by using yield records or soil productivity information.

"Fertilizer" means any organic or inorganic material of natural or synthetic origin that is added to a soil to supply certain nutrients essential to plant growth.

"Field" means a unit of contiguous nonwooded land generally used for crop production that is separated by permanent boundaries, such as fences, permanent waterways, woodlands, croplines not subject to change because of farming practices, and other similar features or as determined by the United States Department of Agriculture Farm Service Agency.

"Field identification number" means a number used by a farmer (or the United States Department of Agriculture Farm Service Agency) to distinguish or identify the location of a field on a farm.

"Grid soil sampling" means a process whereby farm fields or other areas are subdivided into smaller areas or squares for the purpose of obtaining more detailed soil analysis results.

"Groundwater" means any water beneath the land surface in a water saturated layer of soil or rock.

"Hay" means a grass, legume, or other plants, such as clover or alfalfa, which is cut and dried for feed, bedding, or mulch.

"Hydrologic soil group" means a classification of soils into one of four groups, A, B, C, or D, according to their hydrologic properties, ranging from low runoff potential (high infiltration potential) in group A to high runoff potential (low infiltration potential) in group D.

"Incorporation" means the process whereby materials are mixed into soils and not exposed on the soil surface, such as would be achieved by disking one time to a depth of six inches.

"Industrial waste" means liquid or other waste resulting from any process of industry, manufacture, trade or business, or from the development of any natural resources.

"Irrigation" means the application of water to land to assist in crop growth.

"Irrigation scheduling" means the time and amount of irrigation water to be applied to an area for optimum crop growth and to minimize leaching and runoff.

"Leaching" means the movement of soluble material, such as nitrate, in solution through the soil profile by means of percolation.

"Legume" means a plant capable of fixing nitrogen from the atmosphere such as peas, soybeans, peanuts, clovers, and alfalfas.

"Legume nitrogen credit" means the amount of nitrogen a legume is expected to supply to a succeeding crop.

"Liming" means the application of materials containing the carbonates, oxides, or hydroxides of calcium or magnesium in a condition and in a quantity suitable for neutralizing soil acidity.

"Liquid manure" means manure containing at least 85.5% moisture or which can be applied through subsurface injection or surface application with liquid application equipment.

"Livestock" means domesticated animals such as cattle, chickens, turkeys, hogs, and horses raised for home use or for profit.

"Manure" or "animal waste" means animal fecal and urinary excretions and waste by products which may include spilled feed, bedding litter, soil, lactase, process wastewater, and runoff water from animal confinement areas.

"Mehlich I" means the North Carolina Double-Acid soil analysis procedure to determine extractable levels of certain nutrients in soils as described in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3, Chemical Methods, 1996.

"Mehlich III" or "Mehlich 3" means a modified version of the Mehlich I method used to determine extractable levels of certain nutrients in soils as described in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3, Chemical Methods, 1996 and in Reference Soil and Media Diagnostic Procedures for the Southern Region of the United States, Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin No. 374.

"Micronutrient" means a nutrient necessary only in extremely small amounts for plant growth.

"Mineralization" means the process when plant unavailable organic forms of nutrients are converted to a plant available inorganic state as a result of soil microbial decomposition.

"No-till" means the soil is left undisturbed from the time of harvest or the killing of the preceding crop or cover crop until and including the time of planting of the current crop except for strips up to 1/3 of the row width that are disturbed by coulters or disk openers during the planting operation.

"NRCS" means the United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resource Conservation Service, formerly the Soil Conservation Service (SCS).

"Nutrient" means an element or compound essential as raw materials for plant growth and development such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus.

"Nutrient content" means the percentage of any primary nutrients such as nitrogen as N, phosphorus as P₂O₅, and potassium as K₂O contained in any type or source of plant nutrients.

"Nutrient management plan" or "plan" means a plan prepared by a Virginia certified nutrient management planner to manage the amount, placement, timing, and application of manure, fertilizer, biosolids, or other materials containing plant nutrients in order to reduce nutrient loss to the environment and to produce crops.

"Nutrient Management Training and Certification Fund" means the fund established by § 10.1-104.2 of the Code of Virginia to support the department's Nutrient Management Training and Certification Program.

"Organic nutrient source" or "organic source" means manure, biosolids, sludge, industrial waste, green manure, compost, or other plant or animal residues which contain plant nutrients.

"Organic residuals" means nutrients released over time from manure, biosolids, industrial wastes, legumes, or other organic sources of nutrients.

"Pasture" means land which supports the grazing of animals for forages.

"Person" means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, a governmental body and its subordinate units, a municipal corporation or any other legal entity.

"Phosphorus index" means the Virginia Phosphorus Index Version 2.0 Technical Guide, revised October 2005.

"Phosphorus saturation level" means the ratio of phosphorus to aluminum plus iron (P/(Al+Fe)) in a soil using the Acid Ammonium Oxalate in Darkness method described in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3, Chemical Methods, 1996 (pp. 649-650) or estimated with another extraction procedure correlated to the Acid Ammonium Oxalate in Darkness method and approved by the department.

"Plant available nutrients" means the portion of nutrients contained in nutrient sources which is expected to be available for potential use by plants during the growing season or the crop rotation.

"Pre-sidedress nitrate test" or "PSNT" means a procedure used to determine soil nitrate-nitrogen levels at a specific time during a corn crop growing season.

"Primary nutrients" means nitrogen as N, phosphorus as P₂O₅, and potassium as K₂O.

"Residual nutrients" means the level of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium remaining or available in the soil from previously applied nutrient sources, or unharvested plants or plant parts, or naturally occurring nutrient levels in the soil.

"Runoff" means that part of precipitation, snow melt, or irrigation water that runs off the land into streams or other surface water which can carry pollutants from the land.

"RUSLE2" means the USDA—NRCS Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation Version 2 software package.

"Secondary nutrient" means calcium, magnesium, or sulfur.

"Sewage sludge" or "sludge" means any solid, semisolid, or liquid residues which contain materials removed from municipal or domestic wastewater during treatment including primary and secondary residues. Other residuals or solid wastes consisting of materials collected and removed by sewage treatment, septage, and portable toilet wastes are also included in this definition. Liquid sludge contains less than 15% dry residue by weight or can be applied through subsurface injection or surface application with liquid application equipment. Dewatered sludge contains 15% or more dry residue by weight.

"Shall" means a mandatory requirement.

"Should" means a recommendation.

"Slope" means the degree of deviation of a surface from horizontal, measured as a percentage, as a numerical ratio, or in degrees.

"Sidedress" means the placement of fertilizer beside or between the rows of a crop after crop emergence.

"Sinkhole" means a depression in the earth's surface caused by dissolving of underlying limestone, salt, or gypsum having drainage patterns through underground channels.

"Slowly available nitrogen" means nitrogen sources that have delayed plant availability involving compounds which dissolve slowly, materials that must be microbially decomposed, or soluble compounds coated with substances highly impermeable to water such as polymer coated products, methylene urea, isobutylidene diurea (IBDU), urea formaldehyde based (UF), sulfur coated urea, and natural organics.

"Soil erosion" or "erosion" or "soil loss" means the wearing away of the land surface by water, wind, or waves.

"Soil management group" means a grouping of soils based on their similarity in profile characteristics which affect crop production and require specific soil and crop management practices.

"Soil pH level" means the negative logarithm of the hydrogen-ion activity of a soil which measures the relative acidity or alkalinity of the soil. The pH level affects the availability and plant utilization of nutrients.

"Soil productivity group" means a grouping of soils based upon expected yield levels for a given crop type.

"Soil series" means a classification of a specific soil type by name based on the morphological, chemical and physical properties of the soil.

"Soil survey" means a published or electronically available document developed by a governmental entity using the standards and protocols of the National Cooperative Soil Survey that includes detailed descriptions and classifications of soils, mapping of various soil series, and the interpretation of soils according to their adaptability for various crops and trees.

"Specialty crop" means vegetables, tree crops, perennial vine crops, ornamentals, horticultural crops, and other similar crops.

"Split application" means utilizing a sequence of two or more nutrient applications, separated by approximately three weeks or more, to a single crop in order to improve nutrient uptake efficiency.

"Surface water" means all water whose surface is exposed to the atmosphere.

"Tilled" means soil is disturbed between the time of harvest of the preceding crop through the time of planting of the current crop in that greater than 1/3 of the row width is disturbed by tillage implements such as moldboard plows, chisel plows, subsoilers, disks, field cultivators, roto-tillers, coulters or disk openers.

"Tillering" is means the formation of lateral shoots from the auxillary axillary buds of small grains and grasses.

"Tissue test" means an analysis of crop tissue for the percentage of nitrogen at key growth stages, and used as an intensive nutrient management technique with small grain crops.

"Topdress" means broadcast applications of fertilizer on crops such as small grains or forage after crop emergence has occurred.

"Trap crop" means a timely planted cereal crop for the purposes of capturing residual soil nitrogen and nitrogen that is released during the decomposition of manure or biosolids in order to manage limited manure or sewage sludge storage availability.

"Turfgrass" means selected grass species planted or sodded and managed for such uses as home lawns, golf courses, office parks and rights-of-way.

"Volatilization" means a process by which nitrogen is lost to the atmosphere as ammonia gas.

"Warm season grass" means a grass species of tropical origin that exhibits the highest rate of dry matter production in the day/night temperature range of 90°/79°F at a minimum to a maximum of 97°/88°F. Examples of warm season grasses include zoysia and bermuda grasses.

"Water insoluble nitrogen" or "WIN" means the amount of a type of slowly available nitrogen listed on fertilizer bags and reported as a percentage.

"Watershed" means a drainage area or basin in which all land and water areas drain or flow toward a central collector such as a stream, river, or lake at a lower elevation.

"Watershed code" means the letter and number used by the department to identify a watershed or hydrologic unit area.

"Zadoks' growth stage" means the numerical scale ranging from 0-93 which assigns values to small grain growth stages, e.g. Growth Stage 30 is just prior to the stem elongation phase in wheat growth.

4VAC5-15-150. Required nutrient management plan procedures.

A. Nutrient application.

1. A certified nutrient management planner shall include, in each plan, nutrient application practices for each field in the plan. The nutrient application rates shall be calculated for nitrogen (N), phosphate (P₂O₅), and potash (K₂O). Individual field recommendations shall be made after considering nutrients contained in fertilizers, manure, biosolids, industrial wastes, legumes in the crop rotation, crop residues, residual nutrients, and all other sources of nutrients. Individual fields may be grouped together if similar soil productivity levels, soil fertility levels, and environmentally sensitive site features exist.

2. Nutrient application rates.

a. Determination of crop nutrient needs shall be consistent with tables and procedures contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014 and the Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations, 2005 (Virginia Cooperative Extension Publication 456-420), and shall be based on soil test results for P₂O₅ and K₂O.

b. Nitrogen applications rates in nutrient management plans shall not exceed crop nutrient needs in subdivision 2 a of this subsection.

c. Phosphorus application rates shall be managed to minimize adverse water quality impacts consistent with subdivisions 2 c (1) through (5) of this subsection.

(1) Phosphorus applications from inorganic nutrient sources shall not exceed crop nutrient needs over the crop rotation based on a soil test.

(2) Phosphorus applications shall not be included in nutrient management plans developed after December 31, 2005, for soils exceeding 65% phosphorus saturation levels as listed in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014, regardless of the outcome of other procedures specified in this subsection except as allowed in subdivision 2 c (4) of this subsection.

(3) Whenever possible, phosphorus applications from organic nutrient sources should not exceed crop needs based on a soil test over the duration of the crop rotation. If this is not possible, maximum phosphorus application rates and phosphorus control practices contained in nutrient management plans shall be consistent with the phosphorus management provisions contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014 except as allowed in subdivision 2 c (4) of this subsection.

(4) Fields controlled by existing operations that receive phosphorus applications only from on-farm or on-site generated liquid dairy manure, liquid swine manure, or liquid sewage sludge shall be limited to a maximum of crop removal amounts of applied phosphorus until December 31, 2010, if the field exceeds 65% phosphorus saturation levels or has a phosphorus index rating that exceeds 100. New operations that begin production after December 31, 2005, or operations that expand after December 31, 2005, by increasing the total phosphorus generated in liquid dairy manure, liquid swine manure or liquid sewage sludge by more than 10% shall not be considered existing operations.

(5) A single phosphorus application may be recommended to address multiple crops in the crop rotation identified within the timeframe covered by the nutrient management plan consistent with 4VAC5-15-150 D 1 if the single application does not exceed the sum of the appropriate application rates for individual crops as determined by subdivisions 2 c (1) through (3) of this subsection.

d. Recommended application rates for secondary nutrients and micronutrients should be at agronomically or economically justifiable levels for expected crop production. Potassium applications sufficient to meet crop nutrient needs shall be included in nutrient management plans for all fields consistent with recommendations contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014.

e. Expected crop yield shall be determined from any of the following methods on a given field:

(1) Soil productivity group expected crop yields based on and consistent with soil productivity information contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014;

(2) The farmer's past experience with crop yields in specific fields may be used to make reasonable adjustments to expected crop yields in subdivision 2 e (1) of this subsection in lieu of verifiable yield records provided the upward adjustments impact no more than 20% of the acreage of any crop on a particular farm; or

(3) Verifiable past crop yields are utilized to determined expected crop yield. The calculation of expected crop yield shall be an average of the three highest yielding years taken from the last five years the particular crop was grown in the specific field.

f. Representative soil analysis results for fields shall be determined by using standard soil sampling and analysis methods according to Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3, Chemical Methods, 1996 utilizing the Mehlich I extraction procedure for phosphorus or other methods and laboratories approved by the department and correlated to Mehlich I and utilizing correlation procedures contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014. Soil analysis results shall be dated no more than three years prior to the beginning date of the nutrient management plan. A single composite soil sample should represent an area up to approximately 20 acres. Fields such as those common to strip cropping may be combined when soils, previous cropping history, and soil fertility are similar. Representative soil sample cores shall be obtained from the soil surface to a depth of four inches (0-4") for fields that have not been tilled within the past three years, and from the soil surface to a depth of six inches (0-6") for fields which are tilled or have been tilled within the past three years. Soil sampling of fields based on subfield grids or management zones may be utilized.

g. For existing operations, the most recent organic nutrient source analysis results or an average of past nutrient analysis results for the specific operation within the last three-year period shall be used to determine the nutrient content of organic nutrient sources. Manure analyses shall include percent moisture, total nitrogen or total Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium determined using laboratory methods consistent with Recommended Methods of Manure Analysis, publication A3769, University of Wisconsin, 2003 or other methods approved by the department. For plans on new animal waste facilities, average analyses published in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014, should be utilized unless proposed manure storage and treatment conditions warrant the use of alternative data. Plant available nutrient content shall be determined using the mineralization rates and availability coefficients found in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014, for different forms and sources of organic nutrients. Mineralization of organic nutrients from previous applications shall be accounted for in the plan.

h. The expected nitrogen contributions from legumes shall be credited when determining nutrient application rates at levels listed in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014.

3. Soil pH influences nutrient availability and crop nutrient utilization and should be adjusted to the level suited for the crop. Nutrient management plans shall contain lime recommendations to adjust soil pH to a level within the appropriate agronomic range for the existing crop or crop(s) to be grown. Recommendations shall address lime application if soil pH is below the optimal range. Nutrient management planners shall not recommend the application of lime, lime-amended materials, or nutrient sources that are expected to raise the soil pH to a level that exceeds the appropriate agronomic range for the growing crop or crop(s) to be grown based on recommendations contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014.

4. Nutrient application timing.

a. Timing recommendations for nutrient sources containing nitrogen shall be as close to plant nutrient uptake periods as reasonably possible. A certified nutrient management planner shall utilize procedures contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014, to determine the timing of nutrient applications. To reduce the potential for nutrient leaching or runoff, a certified nutrient management planner shall recommend applications of nitrogen-containing materials only to sites where an actively growing crop is in place at the time of application or where a timely planted crop will be established within 30 days of the planned nutrient application, except as specified in subdivisions 4 b through e of this subsection. If such nutrient applications are made to fall-seeded crops such as small grain, the crop planted shall be capable of germination and significant growth before the onset of winter so the crop is able to take up the available applied nitrogen.

b. Organic nutrient source applications may be applied at differing times than specified in subdivision 4 a of this subsection in order to manage storage constraints in accordance with the following conditions:

(1) Applications of organic nutrient sources shall be within 60 days of planting a spring seeded crop to sites that are not environmentally sensitive sites as identified in 4VAC5-15-10 or the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014, except as specified in subdivision 4 b (2) of this subsection. Such nutrient applications shall not exceed allowable application rates of the spring seeded crop;

(2) Applications shall be within 90 days of planting a spring seeded crop to sites that meet all of the following requirements:

(a) Are not environmentally sensitive sites as identified in 4VAC5-15-10 or the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014;

(b) Have slopes of less than 7.0% throughout the application area unless: (i) at least 60% uniformly distributed crop residue cover exists following application or (ii) the application and any associated tillage is in conformance with an existing and implemented soil conservation plan meeting NRCS requirements for the site; and

(c) The organic sources being applied are one of the following: semi-solid beef manure, semi-solid dairy manure with sawdust bedding or straw bedding, dewatered anaerobically digested sewage sludge, or dewatered lime stabilized sewage sludge. Such nutrient applications shall not exceed allowable application rates of the spring planted crop;

(3) Applications of organic nutrient sources may occur prior to the times specified in subdivisions 4 b (1) and (2) of this subsection on:

(a) Sites that are not environmentally sensitive sites if all of the following requirements are met: (i) a trap crop exists that has reached a Zadoks growth stage of 23 or greater having a uniform stand throughout the site area of at least 20 plants per square foot; (ii) the trap crop shall be allowed to continue growing on the entire site until within two weeks of the spring crop planting date; (iii) all such nitrogen applications of organic nutrient sources to trap crops shall not exceed the crop nutrient needs of the upcoming spring planted crop subtracting at least 30 pounds per acre of nitrogen to be reserved for use as a banded starter fertilizer at the time of spring planting; and (iv) the rate of organic nutrient source applied does not smother the crop.

(b) Environmentally sensitive sites as identified in 4VAC5-15-10 or the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014, in addition to those criteria outlined in subdivision 4 b (3) (a) of this subsection, such applications to a trap crop must be within 60 days of planting a spring planted crop.

c. The nutrient timing requirements of subdivisions 4 a and b of this subsection for application of sewage sludge to nonenvironmentally sensitive sites in nutrient management plans shall not be effective until January 1, 2009. The delayed implementation time is provided to allow for the development of adequate winter storage capacity, landfilling, or alternative uses. All applications of sewage sludge to environmentally sensitive sites in nutrient management plans will fully comply with the requirements of subdivisions 4 a and b of this subsection by January 11, 2006.

d. Composted organic nutrient sources having a final carbon to nitrogen ratio of 20:1 or greater are exempt from requirements of subdivisions 4 a and b of this subsection if analyzed for carbon to nitrogen ratio at the conclusion of the composting process and results are obtained prior to land application. The planner shall recommend soil nitrate testing to determine nitrogen application rates during the growing season following the application of composted organic nutrient sources.

e. The nutrient management planner shall recommend split application of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers as starter or broadcast and sidedressing or top dressing in row crops and small grains consistent with procedures contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014, on environmentally sensitive sites as identified in 4VAC5-15-10. Split applications of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers and irrigation scheduling shall be recommended for crops to receive irrigation. The use of a pre-sidedress nitrogen test (PSNT) can help to determine nitrogen needs during the growing period. In lieu of split applications, the planner may recommend the application of the total nitrogen requirement for spring-planted row crops within one week prior to planting if at least 50% of the plant available nitrogen requirement of the crop is supplied with slowly available nitrogen sources.

f. Nutrient management plans shall include a statement indicating that applications of inorganic nutrient sources, liquid manure, liquid sewage sludge, or liquid industrial waste are not to occur on frozen or snow-covered ground. When ground is frozen, dry or semi-solid manures, dewatered sludges, or dewatered industrial wastes may only be applied if the field has: (i) slopes not greater than 6.0%; (ii) 60% uniform ground cover from crop residue or an existing actively growing crop such as a small grain or fescue with exposed plant height of three inches or more; (iii) a minimum of a 200-foot vegetated or adequate crop residue buffer between the application area and all surface water courses; and (iv) soils characterized by USDA as "well drained."

5. Application method for nutrients.

a. The application of nitrogen containing materials shall be managed to minimize runoff, leaching and volatilization losses.

b. Applications of liquid manures or sludges utilizing irrigation shall not be recommended to be applied at hydraulic rates above those contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014.

c. Plans shall not recommend liquid manure or sludge application rates utilizing nonirrigation liquid spreading equipment which exceed 14,000 gallons per acre (approximately one-half (0.5) inch) per application. The amount of liquid manure or sludge application in plans will not exceed the hydraulic loading capacity of the soil at the time of each application. If a subsequent pass across a field is necessary to achieve the desired application rate, the plan will allow for sufficient drying time.

d. Where possible, the planner should recommend that biosolids, industrial wastes and manures be incorporated or injected in the crop root zone in order to reduce losses of nitrogen to the atmosphere and to increase the plant available nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of these nutrient sources relative to crop nutrient needs. Lime stabilized biosolids should not be injected due to the creation of a localized band of high soil pH unless subsequent practices are utilized, such as disking, in order to adequately mix the soil.

e. The planner shall recommend setbacks around wells, springs, surface waters, sinkholes, and rock outcrops where manure, biosolids, or industrial waste should not be applied. Such setbacks recommended shall be consistent with criteria contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014, unless alternative setbacks or buffers are specified in regulations or permits pertaining to the site. For sites impacted by other regulations or permits, the planner shall include the setbacks and buffers specified in regulations promulgated under § 32.1-164.5 of the Code of Virginia for sewage sludge, § 62.1-44.17:1 of the Code of Virginia for animal waste, § 62.1-44.17:1.1 of the Code of Virginia for poultry waste, and Chapter 21 (§ 10.1-2100 et seq.) of Title 10.1 of the Code of Virginia for sites in Chesapeake Bay Preservation areas, and permits for industrial waste land application. The land area within setback and buffer areas shall be deducted from field acreage to determine usable field acreage for nutrient application in nutrient management plans.

B. Manure production and utilization.

1. The planner shall estimate the annual manure quantity produced on each farm utilizing tables and forms contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014, or from actual farm records of manure pumped or hauled during a representative 12-month period.

2. The nutrient management plan shall state the total amount of manure produced and the amount that can be used on the farm, utilizing the information and methods provided in the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014. The plan shall discuss any excess manure and shall provide recommendations concerning options for the proper use of such excess manure.

C. Plans shall identify and address the protection from nutrient pollution of environmentally sensitive sites.

D. Plan maintenance and revisions.

1. A site-specific nutrient management plan developed in accordance with all requirements of these regulations, including specified crops or crop rotations, shall provide information on soil fertility and seasonal application of required nutrients for one to five years of crop production. Plans developed for a period of time greater than three years and up to five years shall be limited to sites in permanent pasture or continuous hay.

2. The plan shall state a need for immediate modification if (i) animal numbers are to increase above the level specified in the plan, (ii) animal types including intended market weights are to be changed, (iii) additional imported manure, biosolids, or industrial waste that was not identified in the existing plan is to be applied to fields under the control of the operator, or (iv) available land area for the utilization of manure decreases below the level necessary to utilize manure in the plan. The plan shall also state a need for modification prior to subsequent nutrient applications if cropping systems, rotations, or fields are changed and phosphorus will be applied at levels greater than crop nutrient needs based on soil analysis as determined from procedures in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014.

3. Adjustments to manure production and application should be made if there are increases in animal numbers or changes in how animal waste is stored or applied, or when there are changes in nutrient content of manure resulting from changing feed rations, animal types, or new sampling and analysis for nutrient content and application rate calculations.

4. Soil analysis shall be recommended for each field at least once every three years to determine the soil fertility and pH, and to update the nutrient management plan.

5. Manure analysis shall be recommended before field application until a baseline nutrient content is established for the specific manure type on the corresponding farm operation. After a baseline nutrient content is established, a manure analysis shall be recommended at least once every three years for dry or semisolid manures, and at least once every year for liquid manures.

6. Modified top dressing or sidedressing application rates of nitrogen may be recommended if a pre-sidedress nitrogen test (PSNT) administered during the growing season indicates different levels of nitrogen than planning time calculations if the use of the PSNT and interpretation of the test results are consistent with Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 July 2014.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE (4VAC5-15)

Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Soil and Water Conservation, revised October 2005

Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised July 2014, Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Nonpoint Pollution Prevention

Virginia Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations for 2005, Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, Publication No. 456-420

Electronic Field Office Technical Guide, Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture

Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3, Chemical Methods, 1996, Soil Science Society of America/American Society of Agronomy

Recommended Methods of Manure Analysis, publication A3769, University of Wisconsin, 2003

Tucker, M.R. 1992. Determination of phosphorus by Mehlich 3 extraction. pg. 6-8. In S.J. Donohue (Ed.) Reference Soil and Media Diagnostic Procedures for the Southern Region of the United States. Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin No. 374

Virginia Phosphorus Index Version 2.0 Technical Guide, Revised October 2005, Virginia Tech

Title of Regulation: 4VAC50-85. Nutrient Management Training and Certification Regulations (adding 4VAC50-85-10 through 4VAC50-85-140).

Statutory Authority: § 10.1-104.2 of the Code of Virginia.

Effective Date: February 26, 2014.

Agency Contact: David C. Dowling, Policy and Planning Director, Department of Conservation and Recreation, 600 East Main Street, 24th Floor, Richmond, VA 23219, telephone (804) 786-2291, FAX (804) 786-6141, email david.dowling@dcr.virginia.gov.

Summary:

Chapters 593 and 658 of the 2013 Acts of Assembly transferred the authority for the Nutrient Management Training and Certification Regulations from the Department of Conservation and Recreation to the Virginia Soil and Water Conservation Board effective July 1, 2013. This exempt action renumbers the regulations to accomplish this transfer (4VAC5-15-10 to 4VAC50-85) and updates cross-references.

CHAPTER 15 85
NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION REGULATIONS

4VAC5-15-10. 4VAC50-85-10. Definitions.

The words and terms used in this chapter shall have the following meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

"Application rate" or "nutrient rate" means the quantity of major nutrients, nitrogen as N, phosphorus as P₂O₅, and potassium as K₂O on a per acre basis to supply crop or plant nutrient needs, and to achieve realistic expected crop yields.

"Banding" or "sideband" means the placement of fertilizer approximately two inches to the side and two inches below the seed.

"Best management practice" means a conservation or pollution control practice that manages soil, nutrient losses, or other potential pollutant sources to minimize pollution of water resources, such as split applications of nitrogen, or use of cereal grain cover crops to trap available nitrogen and reduce soil erosion.

"Biosolids" means a sewage sludge that has received an established treatment for required pathogen control and is treated or managed to reduce vector attraction to a satisfactory level and contains acceptable levels of pollutants, such that it is acceptable for use for land application, marketing, or distribution in accordance with 12VAC5-585, Biosolids Use Regulations of the Board of Health.

"Broadcast" means the uniform application of a material over a field.

"Calibration" means the systematic determination of the operational parameters, such as speed and quantity delivered, of application equipment.

"Cereal crop" or "small grain" means barley, rye, triticale, or wheat.

"Certified nutrient management planner" or "nutrient management planner" or "planner" means a person who holds a current Virginia nutrient management certificate of competence.

"Cool season grass" means grass species of temperate zone origin which exhibit the greatest rates of dry matter production in the day/night temperature range of 60°/50°F to 80°/70°F. Examples of cool season grasses include fescue, bluegrass, and ryegrass.

"Commonwealth" means the Commonwealth of Virginia.

"Composted organic nutrient source" means the relatively stable, humus-like product resulting from the controlled aerobic, thermophilic biological decomposition of organic material that bears little physical resemblance to the raw materials from which it originated.

"Cover crop" means a crop including, but not limited to, cereal grains, which is planted following the harvest of the preceding crop for the purpose of:

1. Seasonal protection of soil, or

2. Assimilation of residual soil nitrogen left from a previous crop or from continued mineralization of nitrogen.

"Crop" means cultivated plants or agricultural produce such as grain, silage, forages, oilseeds, vegetables, fruit, nursery stock, or turfgrass.

"Cropland" means land used for the production of grain, oilseeds, silage, industrial crops, and any other category of crop not defined as specialty crop, hay, or pasture.

"Crop nutrient needs" means the primary nutrient requirements of a crop determined as pounds per acre or pounds per 1,000 square feet of nitrogen as N, phosphorus as P₂O₅, and potassium as K₂O required to support crop growth for production of an expected crop yield based upon soil analysis results as specified in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005, or Virginia Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations for 2005.

"Crop nutrient removal" means the amount of nutrients per acre expected to be taken up by a plant and removed from the site in the harvested portion at the expected yield level, generally expressed as tons per acre or bushels per acre, at rates specified in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005.

"Crop rotation" means one complete sequence of one or more crops grown in succession that may assist in minimizing disease, insects and weeds. For permanent hay, pasture, or a single crop planted continuously, the crop rotation is defined as the life of the nutrient management plan.

"Department" means the Department of Conservation and Recreation.

"Double crop" means the production and harvesting of two crops in succession within a consecutive 12-month growing season.

"Dry manure" or "semisolid manure" means manure containing less than 85.5% moisture.

"Environmentally sensitive site" means any field which is particularly susceptible to nutrient loss to groundwater or surface water since it contains or drains to areas which contain sinkholes, or where at least 33% of the area in a specific field contains one or any combination of the following features:

1. Soils with high potential for leaching based on soil texture or excessive drainage;

2. Shallow soils less than 41 inches deep likely to be located over fractured or limestone bedrock;

3. Subsurface tile drains;

4. Soils with high potential for subsurface lateral flow based on soil texture and poor drainage;

5. Floodplains as identified by soils prone to frequent flooding in county soil surveys; or

6. Lands with slopes greater than 15%.

"Expected crop yield" means a realistic crop yield for a given farm field determined by using yield records or soil productivity information.

"Fertilizer" means any organic or inorganic material of natural or synthetic origin that is added to a soil to supply certain nutrients essential to plant growth.

"Field" means a unit of contiguous nonwooded land generally used for crop production that is separated by permanent boundaries, such as fences, permanent waterways, woodlands, croplines not subject to change because of farming practices, and other similar features or as determined by the United States Department of Agriculture Farm Service Agency.

"Field identification number" means a number used by a farmer (or the United States Department of Agriculture Farm Service Agency) to distinguish or identify the location of a field on a farm.

"Grid soil sampling" means a process whereby farm fields or other areas are subdivided into smaller areas or squares for the purpose of obtaining more detailed soil analysis results.

"Groundwater" means any water beneath the land surface in a water saturated layer of soil or rock.

"Hay" means a grass, legume, or other plants, such as clover or alfalfa, which is cut and dried for feed, bedding, or mulch.

"Hydrologic soil group" means a classification of soils into one of four groups, A, B, C, or D, according to their hydrologic properties, ranging from low runoff potential (high infiltration potential) in group A to high runoff potential (low infiltration potential) in group D.

"Incorporation" means the process whereby materials are mixed into soils and not exposed on the soil surface, such as would be achieved by disking one time to a depth of six inches.

"Industrial waste" means liquid or other waste resulting from any process of industry, manufacture, trade or business, or from the development of any natural resources.

"Irrigation" means the application of water to land to assist in crop growth.

"Irrigation scheduling" means the time and amount of irrigation water to be applied to an area for optimum crop growth and to minimize leaching and runoff.

"Leaching" means the movement of soluble material, such as nitrate, in solution through the soil profile by means of percolation.

"Legume" means a plant capable of fixing nitrogen from the atmosphere such as peas, soybeans, peanuts, clovers, and alfalfas.

"Legume nitrogen credit" means the amount of nitrogen a legume is expected to supply to a succeeding crop.

"Liming" means the application of materials containing the carbonates, oxides, or hydroxides of calcium or magnesium in a condition and in a quantity suitable for neutralizing soil acidity.

"Liquid manure" means manure containing at least 85.5% moisture or which can be applied through subsurface injection or surface application with liquid application equipment.

"Livestock" means domesticated animals such as cattle, chickens, turkeys, hogs, and horses raised for home use or for profit.

"Manure" or "animal waste" means animal fecal and urinary excretions and waste by products byproducts, which may include spilled feed, bedding litter, soil, lactase, process wastewater, and runoff water from animal confinement areas.

"Mehlich I" means the North Carolina Double-Acid soil analysis procedure to determine extractable levels of certain nutrients in soils as described in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3, Chemical Methods, 1996.

"Mehlich III" or "Mehlich 3" means a modified version of the Mehlich I method used to determine extractable levels of certain nutrients in soils as described in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3, Chemical Methods, 1996 and in Reference Soil and Media Diagnostic Procedures for the Southern Region of the United States, Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin No. 374.

"Micronutrient" means a nutrient necessary only in extremely small amounts for plant growth.

"Mineralization" means the process when plant unavailable organic forms of nutrients are converted to a plant available inorganic state as a result of soil microbial decomposition.

"No-till" means the soil is left undisturbed from the time of harvest or the killing of the preceding crop or cover crop until and including the time of planting of the current crop except for strips up to 1/3 of the row width that are disturbed by coulters or disk openers during the planting operation.

"NRCS" means the United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resource Conservation Service, formerly the Soil Conservation Service (SCS).

"Nutrient" means an element or compound essential as raw materials for plant growth and development such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus.

"Nutrient content" means the percentage of any primary nutrients such as nitrogen as N, phosphorus as P₂O₅, and potassium as K₂O contained in any type or source of plant nutrients.

"Nutrient management plan" or "plan" means a plan prepared by a Virginia certified nutrient management planner to manage the amount, placement, timing, and application of manure, fertilizer, biosolids, or other materials containing plant nutrients in order to reduce nutrient loss to the environment and to produce crops.

"Nutrient Management Training and Certification Fund" means the fund established by § 10.1-104.2 of the Code of Virginia to support the department's Nutrient Management Training and Certification Program.

"Organic nutrient source" or "organic source" means manure, biosolids, sludge, industrial waste, green manure, compost, or other plant or animal residues which contain plant nutrients.

"Organic residuals" means nutrients released over time from manure, biosolids, industrial wastes, legumes, or other organic sources of nutrients.

"Pasture" means land which supports the grazing of animals for forages.

"Person" means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, a governmental body and its subordinate units, a municipal corporation or any other legal entity.

"Phosphorus index" means the Virginia Phosphorus Index Version 2.0 Technical Guide, revised October 2005.

"Phosphorus saturation level" means the ratio of phosphorus to aluminum plus iron (P/(Al+Fe)) in a soil using the Acid Ammonium Oxalate in Darkness method described in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3, Chemical Methods, 1996 (pp. 649-650) or estimated with another extraction procedure correlated to the Acid Ammonium Oxalate in Darkness method and approved by the department.

"Plant available nutrients" means the portion of nutrients contained in nutrient sources which is expected to be available for potential use by plants during the growing season or the crop rotation.

"Pre-sidedress nitrate test" or "PSNT" means a procedure used to determine soil nitrate-nitrogen levels at a specific time during a corn crop growing season.

"Primary nutrients" means nitrogen as N, phosphorus as P₂O₅, and potassium as K₂O.

"Residual nutrients" means the level of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium remaining or available in the soil from previously applied nutrient sources, or unharvested plants or plant parts, or naturally occurring nutrient levels in the soil.

"Runoff" means that part of precipitation, snow melt, or irrigation water that runs off the land into streams or other surface water which can carry pollutants from the land.

"RUSLE2" means the USDA—NRCS Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation Version 2 software package.

"Secondary nutrient" means calcium, magnesium, or sulfur.

"Sewage sludge" or "sludge" means any solid, semisolid, or liquid residues which contain materials removed from municipal or domestic wastewater during treatment including primary and secondary residues. Other residuals or solid wastes consisting of materials collected and removed by sewage treatment, septage, and portable toilet wastes are also included in this definition. Liquid sludge contains less than 15% dry residue by weight or can be applied through subsurface injection or surface application with liquid application equipment. Dewatered sludge contains 15% or more dry residue by weight.

"Shall" means a mandatory requirement.

"Should" means a recommendation.

"Slope" means the degree of deviation of a surface from horizontal, measured as a percentage, as a numerical ratio, or in degrees.

"Sidedress" means the placement of fertilizer beside or between the rows of a crop after crop emergence.

"Sinkhole" means a depression in the earth's surface caused by dissolving of underlying limestone, salt, or gypsum having drainage patterns through underground channels.

"Slope" means the degree of deviation of a surface from horizontal, measured as a percentage, as a numerical ratio, or in degrees.

"Slowly available nitrogen" means nitrogen sources that have delayed plant availability involving compounds which dissolve slowly, materials that must be microbially decomposed, or soluble compounds coated with substances highly impermeable to water such as polymer coated products, methylene urea, isobutylidene diurea (IBDU), urea formaldehyde based (UF), sulfur coated urea, and natural organics.

"Soil erosion" or "erosion" or "soil loss" means the wearing away of the land surface by water, wind, or waves.

"Soil management group" means a grouping of soils based on their similarity in profile characteristics which affect crop production and require specific soil and crop management practices.

"Soil pH level" means the negative logarithm of the hydrogen-ion activity of a soil which measures the relative acidity or alkalinity of the soil. The pH level affects the availability and plant utilization of nutrients.

"Soil productivity group" means a grouping of soils based upon expected yield levels for a given crop type.

"Soil series" means a classification of a specific soil type by name based on the morphological, chemical and physical properties of the soil.

"Soil survey" means a published or electronically available document developed by a governmental entity using the standards and protocols of the National Cooperative Soil Survey that includes detailed descriptions and classifications of soils, mapping of various soil series, and the interpretation of soils according to their adaptability for various crops and trees.

"Specialty crop" means vegetables, tree crops, perennial vine crops, ornamentals, horticultural crops, and other similar crops.

"Split application" means utilizing a sequence of two or more nutrient applications, separated by approximately three weeks or more, to a single crop in order to improve nutrient uptake efficiency.

"Surface water" means all water whose surface is exposed to the atmosphere.

"Tilled" means soil is disturbed between the time of harvest of the preceding crop through the time of planting of the current crop in that greater than 1/3 of the row width is disturbed by tillage implements such as moldboard plows, chisel plows, subsoilers, disks, field cultivators, roto-tillers, coulters or disk openers.

"Tillering" is means the formation of lateral shoots from the auxillary axillary buds of small grains and grasses.

"Tissue test" means an analysis of crop tissue for the percentage of nitrogen at key growth stages, and used as an intensive nutrient management technique with small grain crops.

"Topdress" means broadcast applications of fertilizer on crops such as small grains or forage after crop emergence has occurred.

"Trap crop" means a timely planted cereal crop for the purposes of capturing residual soil nitrogen and nitrogen that is released during the decomposition of manure or biosolids in order to manage limited manure or sewage sludge storage availability.

"Turfgrass" means selected grass species planted or sodded and managed for such uses as home lawns, golf courses, office parks and rights-of-way.

"Volatilization" means a process by which nitrogen is lost to the atmosphere as ammonia gas.

"Warm season grass" means a grass species of tropical origin that exhibits the highest rate of dry matter production in the day/night temperature range of 90°/79°F at a minimum to a maximum of 97°/88°F. Examples of warm season grasses include zoysia and bermuda grasses.

"Water insoluble nitrogen" or "WIN" means the amount of a type of slowly available nitrogen listed on fertilizer bags and reported as a percentage.

"Watershed" means a drainage area or basin in which all land and water areas drain or flow toward a central collector such as a stream, river, or lake at a lower elevation.

"Watershed code" means the letter and number used by the department to identify a watershed or hydrologic unit area.

"Zadoks' growth stage" means the numerical scale ranging from 0-93 which assigns values to small grain growth stages, e.g. Growth Stage 30 is just prior to the stem elongation phase in wheat growth.

4VAC5-15-20. 4VAC50-85-20. Purpose.

A. This chapter governs the department's voluntary Nutrient Management Training and Certification Program for individuals who prepare nutrient management plans.

B. A nutrient management plan is prepared to indicate how primary nutrients are to be managed on farm fields and other land for crop production and in ways which protect groundwater and surface water from excessive nutrient enrichment. Plans contain operating procedures based on expected crop yield, existing nutrient levels in the soil, organic residuals, optimum timing and placement of nutrients, environmental resource protection, and agronomic practices such as liming, tillage, and crop rotation. The department shall certify the competence of individuals to prepare these plans and provide criteria relating to the development of nutrient management plans.

4VAC5-15-30. 4VAC50-85-30. Certificates of competence.

A. This chapter applies to any individual seeking a certificate of competence as described in § 10.1-104.2 of the Code of Virginia.

B. Certificates of competence shall be issued by the department to certified nutrient management planners. The department may issue distinct classifications of certification based on areas of specialty, including agriculture and urban agronomic practices.

4VAC5-15-40. 4VAC50-85-40. Eligibility requirements.

A. Certification may be obtained by satisfying all of the following requirements for certification:

1. Satisfactorily completing and submitting to the department an application in the form required by the department, including a statement of any felony convictions. Such application shall be submitted to the department at least 30 days before the approved examination date set by the department. The application shall request information relating to the person's education, work experience, knowledge of nutrient management, and willingness to abide by the requirements of these regulations;

2. Supplying proof of meeting one of the following:

a. A copy of a college transcript indicating completion of a college degree with a major in an agriculturally related area with coursework in the area of nutrient management such as soils, soil fertility, and plant science, and one year of practical experience related to nutrient management planning or implementation of nutrient management concepts and principles acceptable to the department, or

b. A combination of education to include nutrient management related educational courses or training and a minimum of three years of practical experience related to nutrient management planning or implementation of nutrient management concepts and principles acceptable to the department;

3. Obtaining a passing score on each of the parts of the nutrient management certification examination administered by the department; and

4. Submitting a $100 certification fee by check or money order to the department.

B. Certificates shall be valid for two years and will expire on the last day of the expiration month. Certified nutrient management planners or applicants shall notify the department of any change in mailing address within 30 days of such change in address.

C. Individuals certified as nutrient management consultants by the State of Maryland or certified as nutrient management specialists by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania will be eligible for certification in Virginia by complying with all requirements of these regulations except for subdivision A 2 of this section. These individuals may also substitute, for the requirements in 4VAC5-15-60 4VAC50-85-60 C, the attainment of a passing score on a Virginia specific examination component which shall include at a minimum the elements listed in 4VAC5-15-60 4VAC50-85-60 C 9 and C 10. The department, upon review, may accept or approve nutrient management certification programs of other states as satisfying partial requirements for certification.

4VAC5-15-50. 4VAC50-85-50. Fees.

A. Fees shall be collected for certification and recertification to defray the administrative cost for the certification program.

B. A fee may be charged to supply training materials and present education and training programs, including continuing education, which support the certification program.

C. Fees are nonrefundable and shall not be prorated.

D. The certification fee of $100 for the initial certification period shall be due with the application for certification. If the applicant is unsuccessful in achieving a passing score on the examination, the applicant may retake the examination at the next scheduled time. Applicants may retake the examination one time with no additional charge by resubmitting the application for certification.

E. All fees collected by the department shall be deposited in the state treasury Nutrient Management Training and Certification Fund and shall be used exclusively for the operation of the Nutrient Management Training and Certification Program.

4VAC5-15-60. 4VAC50-85-60. Examination.

A. The department shall administer nutrient management certification examinations at least once per year. The examinations shall require a demonstration of the ability to prepare a nutrient management plan. The department may limit the number of applicants taking the examination based upon available examination space.

B. Applicants for certification shall achieve a passing score on each of the parts of the nutrient management certification examination to become eligible for certification.

C. The examinations for persons involved in agricultural nutrient management shall address the elements listed below. To address nutrient management on urban land uses, specialty specific examinations may be added to or substituted by the department for the elements below.

1. General understanding of overall nutrient management concepts such as nutrient cycling on farms, the purpose of nutrient management planning, economic aspects of nutrient use, and components of a nutrient management plan;

2. Basic soil science concepts such as soil physical and chemical properties including texture, structure, organic matter, and horizon development, and how such characteristics influence crop productivity and adaptation, water runoff, and infiltration;

3. Environmental management concepts such as the water cycle, nutrient loss mechanisms, environmental effects of nutrients in waters including Chesapeake Bay, identification of high risk sites relating to nutrient use and appropriate nutrient management practices to reduce nutrient losses;

4. Nutrient sampling, testing, and analysis such as basic sampling procedures, relationship of soil test level with the likelihood of crop response, soil nitrate testing, manure and biosolids sampling and interpretation, and determining nitrogen supplied by legumes;

5. Basic soil fertility concepts such as relationship of soil pH to nutrient availability and toxicity, essential elements for crop growth, limiting factors to crop production, cation exchange capacity and related concepts, nutrient cycles, and forms of nutrients in soils;

6. Fertilizer management concepts such as types of fertilizers, nutrient analysis of common materials and grades, basic calculations and blending, calibration of equipment, and application methods;

7. Manure management concepts such as nutrient content and volume produced, determination of plant available nutrients, selecting sites for manure application, proper timing and placement, coordination of fertilizers with manure, application methods and calibration;

8. Biosolids management concepts such as determination of plant available nutrients, nutrient content, forms of nutrients, types of sludges, coordination with fertilizer applications, and application methods;

9. Nutrient management training and certification regulatory requirements, and requirements of other nutrient management related laws, regulations, and incentive programs; and

10. Development of multiple components of nutrient management plans and completion of calculations comparable to development of nutrient management plans such as, but not limited to, determination of specific soil types in fields, determination of specific nutrient requirements based on soil productivity and soil analysis results, evaluation of field limitations based on environmental hazards or concerns, timing of nitrogen applications, phosphorus nutrient management planning methods and assessment techniques, and interpretation of manure analysis results.

D. An individual who is unable to take an examination at the scheduled time shall notify the department at least five days prior to the date and time of the examination; such individual will be rescheduled for the next examination. The department may consider accepting notice of less than five days due to individual hardship situations on a case-by-case basis. Failure to notify the department may require the individual to submit a new application and payment of fees in accordance with 4VAC5-15-40 4VAC50-85-40.

E. The department shall establish acceptable passing scores for the examinations based on the department's determination of the level of examination performance required to show minimal acceptable competence.

F. All applicants shall be notified of results in writing within 60 days of the completion of the examinations.

4VAC5-15-70. 4VAC50-85-70. Training.

A. The department shall provide a training session on the mechanics of nutrient management plan development prior to scheduled examinations.

B. The department may provide a training course on concepts supporting and relating to nutrient management which may include: basic soil science; soil fertility; environmental management; fertilizer, manure, and biosolids management; and other relevant topics.

4VAC5-15-80. 4VAC50-85-80. Certificate renewal.

The department will not renew a certificate if a proceeding to deny certification under 4VAC5-15-110 4VAC50-85-110 has begun, or if the department has found that the applicant violated any requirements of this chapter. A certificate is issued for two years and may be renewed on or before the expiration of a certificate by complying with all of the following requirements:

1. Submittal of a renewal application on the form the department requires;

2. Payment of a $100 renewal fee to the department;

3. Submittal of proof of satisfactory completion of at least four hours of continuing education pre-approved by the department within the past two years. Requests for pre-approval of continuing education courses must be received at least 60 days prior to the expected course date or dates and must include a detailed syllabus indicating time to be spent on each topic area covered. Continuing education hours must be in subject matter consistent with 4VAC5-15-60 4VAC50-85-60 C. Department personnel may attend continuing education sessions to verify that the requirements are met. Proof of attendance must be verified by the course provider. The department may accept continuing education units obtained in Delaware, Maryland and Pennsylvania if such continuing education units are specifically for the purpose of recertification in the state nutrient management certification program; and

4. Completion of at least one nutrient management plan or completion of four hours of continuing education pre-approved by the department within the past two years in addition to the requirements of subdivision 3 of this section.

Persons certified prior to January 11, 2006, shall attend a department approved training course in phosphorus nutrient management planning methods and assessment techniques prior to certificate renewal. The training course hours may be applied toward other continuing education requirements of this subsection.

4VAC5-15-90. 4VAC50-85-90. Expiration of a certificate.

A. A certificate shall be deemed expired the day after the expiration date on the certificate if any of the requirements of 4VAC5-15-80 4VAC50-85-80 are not met.

B. Following the expiration of a certificate, reinstatement may be accomplished only by reapplication and compliance with all requirements of 4VAC5-15-40 4VAC50-85-40 A including the examination requirements.

4VAC5-15-100. 4VAC50-85-100. Recordkeeping and reporting requirements.

A. Certified nutrient management planner reporting requirements. A person who holds a certificate under these regulations shall keep records and file with the department by September 30 of each year an annual activity report on a form supplied by the department covering the previous year (July 1 through June 30). The annual activity report shall contain the following information:

1. Name and certificate number of the certified nutrient management planner;

2. Any change of mailing address during the previous year;

3. Number of nutrient management plans completed;

4. Acreage covered by plans and planned acreage by county and state watershed codes specified by plan categories of new or revised;

5. Breakdown of planned acreage by cropland, hay, pasture, and specialty crops by county and watershed code specified by plan categories of new or revised; and

6. Other information indicating number of practices facilitated by the planner such as manure testing and use of the PSNT.

B. Certified nutrient management planner recordkeeping requirements. The department may periodically inspect nutrient management plans prepared by certified persons and required records for the purpose of review for compliance with 4VAC5-15-140 4VAC50-85-130 and 4VAC5-15-150 4VAC50-85-140. A certified nutrient management planner shall maintain the following plan records for a period of not less than three years from the date the plan was prepared:

1. A complete copy of each nutrient management plan prepared and shall make such plans available for inspection by department personnel upon request within one week of receiving such request;

2. Records for each plan with all of the following information if the information is not already contained in the plan:

a. Representative soil analysis results for fields, or field grids if grid soil sampling is used, dated not more than three years prior to the date the nutrient management plan was completed to include information on soil fertility levels for phosphorus and potassium, and pH level;

b. Copies of soil survey maps or a soil survey book containing maps for each field unless a soil survey has not been published for the county;

c. Yield records for each field to include calculations used to determine the planning yield if upward adjustments to soil productivity based yields were made to more than 20% of the fields covered by the plan;

d. Type and number of livestock, if any, as well as a description of the livestock to include average weight;

e. Calculations or records indicating annual quantity of manure produced or expected to be produced; and

f. Organic nutrient source analysis, if applicable, to include information on percentage of moisture, total nitrogen or total Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium.

3. A summary listing of all plans prepared to include landowner or operator's name and the date the plan was prepared or revised.

C. Certified nutrient management planners shall provide the department with a copy of a nutrient management plan within two weeks following the modification of any plan required by regulations promulgated under § 32.1-164.5 for sewage sludge, § 62.1-44.17:1 for animal waste, and § 62.1-44.17:1.1 for poultry waste.

4VAC5-15-110. 4VAC50-85-110. Compliance with regulations and disciplinary action.

If the department finds that a certified person or an applicant for certification violated any requirements of this chapter, including the circumstances listed below, the department may deny, suspend or revoke certification, following the informal fact-finding procedures of the Virginia Administrative Process Act (§ 2.2-4000 et seq. of the Code of Virginia).

1. Providing misleading, false, or fraudulent information in applying for a certificate;

2. Providing the department with any misleading, false, or fraudulent report;

3. Offering or preparing a nutrient management plan claimed to be prepared by a person certified as a nutrient management planner in Virginia as provided by these regulations without a certificate;

4. Offering, preparing, modifying, or revising a nutrient management plan that does not comply with the requirements of these regulations;

5. Failing to promptly provide any report or to allow the department access to inspect any records required to be kept by these regulations;

6. Failing to provide the department with a copy of a nutrient management plan within two weeks following the modification of any plan required by regulations promulgated under § 32.1-164.5 of the Code of Virginia for sewage sludge, § 62.1-44.17:1 of the Code of Virginia for animal waste, or § 62.1-44.17:1.1 of the Code of Virginia for poultry waste; or

7. Conviction of a felony related in any way to the responsibilities of a certified nutrient management planner.

4VAC5-15-120. 4VAC50-85-120. Advisory committee.

The department may establish a nutrient management training and certification advisory committee. Advisors shall serve for a term of two years. Members shall be from the agricultural community, academia, industry, the environmental community, and appropriate government units.

4VAC5-15-140. 4VAC50-85-130. Nutrient management plan content.

A. A certified nutrient management planner shall prepare nutrient management plans which contain the information in subsections B through G of this section. For nutrient management plans covering nonagricultural, specialty land uses, for example residential lawns, office parks, and golf courses, the department may specify additional plan elements which are critical to the management of nutrients for a particular activity, and may eliminate requirements not pertinent to nonagricultural land uses.

B. Plan identification. Each plan shall be identified by a single cover sheet indicating:

1. Farmer/operator name and address;

2. Name, certificate number, and signature of the certified nutrient management planner that prepared the plan;

3. County and watershed code of land under the nutrient management plan;

4. Total acreage under the plan with double cropped acreage accounted for only once;

5. Acreage of cropland, hay, pasture, and specialty crops included in the plan for the first year of the plan;

6. Date the plan was prepared or revised; and

7. Type and approximate number of livestock, if applicable.

C. Map or aerial photograph.

1. Each plan shall contain a map or aerial photograph to identify:

a. The farm location and boundaries;

b. Individual field boundaries where nutrients will be applied;

c. Field numbers and acreages where nutrients will be applied;

d. Environmentally sensitive sites as defined in 4VAC5-15-10 4VAC50-85-10;

e. Setback areas for nonapplication for manure and biosolids as specified in 4VAC5-15-150 4VAC50-85-140 A 5 e;

f. Location of manure, biosolids, or waste storage if any; and

g. Intermittent or perennial streams and associated buffers (if the phosphorus index is used to determine phosphorus application rates for specific fields).

2. The map or aerial photograph shall be legible, with the features in subdivision 1 of this subsection recognizable. A farm sketch or soil survey map may be used when a map or aerial photograph is not available, if the features described in subdivision 1 of this subsection are recognizable.

D. Summary of nutrient management plan recommendations. Each plan shall contain one or more summary sheets that list the following information for each field:

1. Name of the farmer/operator;

2. Field identification numbers to include the United States Department of Agriculture Farm Service Agency tract and field numbers;

3. Field acreages;

4. Expected crops or crop rotations;

5. Crop nutrient needs per acre based on soil analysis results and soil productivity;

6. Legume nitrogen credits per acre;

7. Available nutrients in soil from previous crop and mineralization of organic residuals;

8. Recommended organic nutrient source application rates in tons per acre or 1,000 gallons per acre; plant available nitrogen as N, phosphorus as P₂O₅, and potassium as K₂O per acre; and spreading schedule to include approximate months of application;

9. Expected time of incorporation of organic nutrient sources into the soil if organic nutrient sources will be used;

10. Commercial fertilizer rates and timing of applications, including split applications of nitrogen and the possible use of soil nitrogen test results on a field before sidedressing with nitrogen; and

11. Numerical phosphorus and potassium soil analysis results expressed as ppm P and K, pounds per acre P and K or pounds per acre P₂O₅ and K₂O for all fields in the plan.

E. Individual fields may be grouped together if similar soil productivity levels, soil fertility levels, and environmentally sensitive site features exist pertaining to subsection D of this section.

F. Each plan shall also contain the following information in summary or narrative form:

1. Identification and management of environmentally sensitive sites;

2. Quantities of manure produced on the farm, available manure storage capacity, and manure analysis;

3. Total manure used as crop nutrients, if any, including manure from both on farm and off farm sources based on plan recommendations and total land requirements for manure utilization;

4. Quantity of unused manure, if applicable, and recommendations on appropriate use options;

5. Liming recommendations if soil pH is below the optimal range or to raise soil pH to no more than the upper limit for lime stabilized sewage sludge;

6. Recommendations or fact sheets to ensure efficient application of fertilizers and organic nutrient sources and other best management practices to reduce the potential for the degradation of surface and groundwater quality, which may include but are not limited to:

a. Equipment calibration;

b. Application timing and method;

c. Crop rotation and agronomic practices;

d. Soil nitrate testing; and

e. Cover crop management;

7. Information on maintaining and updating a nutrient management plan. General comments about plan maintenance shall include:

a. The length of time the plan is effective consistent with 4VAC5-15-150 4VAC50-85-140 D 1; and

b. Identification of circumstances or changes in the farm operation such as an increase in animal numbers that would require the plan to be updated prior to the time specified in this subdivision 7;

8. Expected crop yields for each field for the planned crop rotation;

9. The following information for all fields where the phosphorus applications are based on the phosphorus index:

a. Functioning riparian buffer widths and distances to surface waters in feet;

b. Presence of any contour planting at a maximum of 1.0% row grade, strip cropping, conservation tillage with greater than 30% residue, or terraces;

c. Percentage of required ground cover on pastures stated as 75% cover;

d. Crop tillage type for each crop stated as either no-till or tilled for all cropland; and

e. If expected soil erosion for the phosphorus index was developed using RUSLE2, a copy of the RUSLE2 Profile Erosion Calculation Record computerized print-out indicating: (i) crop(s) for each year in the crop rotation to match those identified in the nutrient management plan, (ii) all mechanical field operations, and (iii) edge of field soil loss for each field; and

10. Other notes as needed pertaining to nutrient application, tillage, and other special conditions.

G. The nutrient management planner shall incorporate additional more restrictive plan requirements if required by other specific legislative, regulatory or incentive programs which apply to a specific operator.

4VAC5-15-150. 4VAC50-85-140. Required nutrient management plan procedures.

A. Nutrient application.

1. A certified nutrient management planner shall include, in each plan, nutrient application practices for each field in the plan. The nutrient application rates shall be calculated for nitrogen (N), phosphate (P₂O₅), and potash (K₂O). Individual field recommendations shall be made after considering nutrients contained in fertilizers, manure, biosolids, industrial wastes, legumes in the crop rotation, crop residues, residual nutrients, and all other sources of nutrients. Individual fields may be grouped together if similar soil productivity levels, soil fertility levels, and environmentally sensitive site features exist.

2. Nutrient application rates.

a. Determination of crop nutrient needs shall be consistent with tables and procedures contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 and the Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations, 2005 (Virginia Cooperative Extension Publication 456-420), and shall be based on soil test results for P₂O₅ and K₂O.

b. Nitrogen applications rates in nutrient management plans shall not exceed crop nutrient needs in subdivision 2 a of this subsection.

c. Phosphorus application rates shall be managed to minimize adverse water quality impacts consistent with subdivisions 2 c (1) through (5) of this subsection.

(1) Phosphorus applications from inorganic nutrient sources shall not exceed crop nutrient needs over the crop rotation based on a soil test.

(2) Phosphorus applications shall not be included in nutrient management plans developed after December 31, 2005, for soils exceeding 65% phosphorus saturation levels as listed in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005, regardless of the outcome of other procedures specified in this subsection except as allowed in subdivision 2 c (4) of this subsection.

(3) Whenever possible, phosphorus applications from organic nutrient sources should not exceed crop needs based on a soil test over the duration of the crop rotation. If this is not possible, maximum phosphorus application rates and phosphorus control practices contained in nutrient management plans shall be consistent with the phosphorus management provisions contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005 except as allowed in subdivision 2 c (4) of this subsection.

(4) Fields controlled by existing operations that receive phosphorus applications only from on-farm or on-site generated liquid dairy manure, liquid swine manure, or liquid sewage sludge shall be limited to a maximum of crop removal amounts of applied phosphorus until December 31, 2010, if the field exceeds 65% phosphorus saturation levels or has a phosphorus index rating that exceeds 100. New operations that begin production after December 31, 2005, or operations that expand after December 31, 2005, by increasing the total phosphorus generated in liquid dairy manure, liquid swine manure or liquid sewage sludge by more than 10% shall not be considered existing operations.

(5) A single phosphorus application may be recommended to address multiple crops in the crop rotation identified within the timeframe covered by the nutrient management plan consistent with 4VAC5-15-150 4VAC50-85-140 D 1 if the single application does not exceed the sum of the appropriate application rates for individual crops as determined by subdivisions 2 c (1) through (3) of this subsection.

d. Recommended application rates for secondary nutrients and micronutrients should be at agronomically or economically justifiable levels for expected crop production. Potassium applications sufficient to meet crop nutrient needs shall be included in nutrient management plans for all fields consistent with recommendations contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005.

e. Expected crop yield shall be determined from any of the following methods on a given field:

(1) Soil productivity group expected crop yields based on and consistent with soil productivity information contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005;

(2) The farmer's past experience with crop yields in specific fields may be used to make reasonable adjustments to expected crop yields in subdivision 2 e (1) of this subsection in lieu of verifiable yield records provided the upward adjustments impact no more than 20% of the acreage of any crop on a particular farm; or

(3) Verifiable past crop yields are utilized to determined expected crop yield. The calculation of expected crop yield shall be an average of the three highest yielding years taken from the last five years the particular crop was grown in the specific field.

f. Representative soil analysis results for fields shall be determined by using standard soil sampling and analysis methods according to Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3, Chemical Methods, 1996 utilizing the Mehlich I extraction procedure for phosphorus or other methods and laboratories approved by the department and correlated to Mehlich I and utilizing correlation procedures contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005. Soil analysis results shall be dated no more than three years prior to the beginning date of the nutrient management plan. A single composite soil sample should represent an area up to approximately 20 acres. Fields such as those common to strip cropping may be combined when soils, previous cropping history, and soil fertility are similar. Representative soil sample cores shall be obtained from the soil surface to a depth of four inches (0-4") for fields that have not been tilled within the past three years, and from the soil surface to a depth of six inches (0-6") for fields which are tilled or have been tilled within the past three years. Soil sampling of fields based on subfield grids or management zones may be utilized.

g. For existing operations, the most recent organic nutrient source analysis results or an average of past nutrient analysis results for the specific operation within the last three-year period shall be used to determine the nutrient content of organic nutrient sources. Manure analyses shall include percent moisture, total nitrogen or total Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium determined using laboratory methods consistent with Recommended Methods of Manure Analysis, publication A3769, University of Wisconsin, 2003 or other methods approved by the department. For plans on new animal waste facilities, average analyses published in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005, should be utilized unless proposed manure storage and treatment conditions warrant the use of alternative data. Plant available nutrient content shall be determined using the mineralization rates and availability coefficients found in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005, for different forms and sources of organic nutrients. Mineralization of organic nutrients from previous applications shall be accounted for in the plan.

h. The expected nitrogen contributions from legumes shall be credited when determining nutrient application rates at levels listed in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005.

3. Soil pH influences nutrient availability and crop nutrient utilization and should be adjusted to the level suited for the crop. Nutrient management plans shall contain lime recommendations to adjust soil pH to a level within the appropriate agronomic range for the existing crop or crop(s) to be grown. Recommendations shall address lime application if soil pH is below the optimal range. Nutrient management planners shall not recommend the application of lime, lime-amended materials, or nutrient sources that are expected to raise the soil pH to a level that exceeds the appropriate agronomic range for the growing crop or crop(s) to be grown based on recommendations contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005.

4. Nutrient application timing.

a. Timing recommendations for nutrient sources containing nitrogen shall be as close to plant nutrient uptake periods as reasonably possible. A certified nutrient management planner shall utilize procedures contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005, to determine the timing of nutrient applications. To reduce the potential for nutrient leaching or runoff, a certified nutrient management planner shall recommend applications of nitrogen-containing materials only to sites where an actively growing crop is in place at the time of application or where a timely planted crop will be established within 30 days of the planned nutrient application, except as specified in subdivisions 4 b through e of this subsection. If such nutrient applications are made to fall-seeded crops such as small grain, the crop planted shall be capable of germination and significant growth before the onset of winter so the crop is able to take up the available applied nitrogen.

b. Organic nutrient source applications may be applied at differing times than specified in subdivision 4 a of this subsection in order to manage storage constraints in accordance with the following conditions:

(1) Applications of organic nutrient sources shall be within 60 days of planting a spring seeded crop to sites that are not environmentally sensitive sites as identified in 4VAC5-15-10 4VAC50-85-10 or the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005, except as specified in subdivision 4 b (2) of this subsection. Such nutrient applications shall not exceed allowable application rates of the spring seeded crop;

(2) Applications shall be within 90 days of planting a spring seeded crop to sites that meet all of the following requirements:

(a) Are not environmentally sensitive sites as identified in 4VAC5-15-10 4VAC50-85-10 or the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005;

(b) Have slopes of less than 7.0% throughout the application area unless: (i) at least 60% uniformly distributed crop residue cover exists following application or (ii) the application and any associated tillage is in conformance with an existing and implemented soil conservation plan meeting NRCS requirements for the site; and

(c) The organic sources being applied are one of the following: semi-solid beef manure, semi-solid dairy manure with sawdust bedding or straw bedding, dewatered anaerobically digested sewage sludge, or dewatered lime stabilized sewage sludge. Such nutrient applications shall not exceed allowable application rates of the spring planted crop;

(3) Applications of organic nutrient sources may occur prior to the times specified in subdivisions 4 b (1) and (2) of this subsection on:

(a) Sites that are not environmentally sensitive sites if all of the following requirements are met: (i) a trap crop exists that has reached a Zadoks growth stage of 23 or greater having a uniform stand throughout the site area of at least 20 plants per square foot; (ii) the trap crop shall be allowed to continue growing on the entire site until within two weeks of the spring crop planting date; (iii) all such nitrogen applications of organic nutrient sources to trap crops shall not exceed the crop nutrient needs of the upcoming spring planted crop subtracting at least 30 pounds per acre of nitrogen to be reserved for use as a banded starter fertilizer at the time of spring planting; and (iv) the rate of organic nutrient source applied does not smother the crop.

(b) Environmentally sensitive sites as identified in 4VAC5-15-10 4VAC50-85-10 or the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005, in addition to those criteria outlined in subdivision 4 b (3) (a) of this subsection, such applications to a trap crop must be within 60 days of planting a spring planted crop.

c. The nutrient timing requirements of subdivisions 4 a and b of this subsection for application of sewage sludge to nonenvironmentally sensitive sites in nutrient management plans shall not be effective until January 1, 2009. The delayed implementation time is provided to allow for the development of adequate winter storage capacity, landfilling, or alternative uses. All applications of sewage sludge to environmentally sensitive sites in nutrient management plans will fully comply with the requirements of subdivisions 4 a and b of this subsection by January 11, 2006.

d. Composted organic nutrient sources having a final carbon to nitrogen ratio of 20:1 or greater are exempt from requirements of subdivisions 4 a and b of this subsection if analyzed for carbon to nitrogen ratio at the conclusion of the composting process and results are obtained prior to land application. The planner shall recommend soil nitrate testing to determine nitrogen application rates during the growing season following the application of composted organic nutrient sources.

e. The nutrient management planner shall recommend split application of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers as starter or broadcast and sidedressing or top dressing in row crops and small grains consistent with procedures contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005, on environmentally sensitive sites as identified in 4VAC5-15-10 4VAC50-85-10. Split applications of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers and irrigation scheduling shall be recommended for crops to receive irrigation. The use of a pre-sidedress nitrogen test (PSNT) can help to determine nitrogen needs during the growing period. In lieu of split applications, the planner may recommend the application of the total nitrogen requirement for spring-planted row crops within one week prior to planting if at least 50% of the plant available nitrogen requirement of the crop is supplied with slowly available nitrogen sources.

f. Nutrient management plans shall include a statement indicating that applications of inorganic nutrient sources, liquid manure, liquid sewage sludge, or liquid industrial waste are not to occur on frozen or snow-covered ground. When ground is frozen, dry or semi-solid manures, dewatered sludges, or dewatered industrial wastes may only be applied if the field has: (i) slopes not greater than 6.0%; (ii) 60% uniform ground cover from crop residue or an existing actively growing crop such as a small grain or fescue with exposed plant height of three inches or more; (iii) a minimum of a 200-foot vegetated or adequate crop residue buffer between the application area and all surface water courses; and (iv) soils characterized by USDA as "well drained."

5. Application method for nutrients.

a. The application of nitrogen containing materials shall be managed to minimize runoff, leaching and volatilization losses.

b. Applications of liquid manures or sludges utilizing irrigation shall not be recommended to be applied at hydraulic rates above those contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005.

c. Plans shall not recommend liquid manure or sludge application rates utilizing nonirrigation liquid spreading equipment which exceed 14,000 gallons per acre (approximately one-half (0.5) inch) per application. The amount of liquid manure or sludge application in plans will not exceed the hydraulic loading capacity of the soil at the time of each application. If a subsequent pass across a field is necessary to achieve the desired application rate, the plan will allow for sufficient drying time.

d. Where possible, the planner should recommend that biosolids, industrial wastes and manures be incorporated or injected in the crop root zone in order to reduce losses of nitrogen to the atmosphere and to increase the plant available nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of these nutrient sources relative to crop nutrient needs. Lime stabilized biosolids should not be injected due to the creation of a localized band of high soil pH unless subsequent practices are utilized, such as disking, in order to adequately mix the soil.

e. The planner shall recommend setbacks around wells, springs, surface waters, sinkholes, and rock outcrops where manure, biosolids, or industrial waste should not be applied. Such setbacks recommended shall be consistent with criteria contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005, unless alternative setbacks or buffers are specified in regulations or permits pertaining to the site. For sites impacted by other regulations or permits, the planner shall include the setbacks and buffers specified in regulations promulgated under § 32.1-164.5 of the Code of Virginia for sewage sludge, § 62.1-44.17:1 of the Code of Virginia for animal waste, § 62.1-44.17:1.1 of the Code of Virginia for poultry waste, and Chapter 21 (§ 10.1-2100 et seq.) of Title 10.1 Article 2.5 (§ 62.1-44.15:67 et seq.) of Chapter 3.1 of Title 62.1 of the Code of Virginia for sites in Chesapeake Bay Preservation areas, and permits for industrial waste land application. The land area within setback and buffer areas shall be deducted from field acreage to determine usable field acreage for nutrient application in nutrient management plans.

B. Manure production and utilization.

1. The planner shall estimate the annual manure quantity produced on each farm utilizing tables and forms contained in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005, or from actual farm records of manure pumped or hauled during a representative 12-month period.

2. The nutrient management plan shall state the total amount of manure produced and the amount that can be used on the farm, utilizing the information and methods provided in the Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005. The plan shall discuss any excess manure and shall provide recommendations concerning options for the proper use of such excess manure.

C. Plans shall identify and address the protection from nutrient pollution of environmentally sensitive sites.

D. Plan maintenance and revisions.

1. A site-specific nutrient management plan developed in accordance with all requirements of these regulations, including specified crops or crop rotations, shall provide information on soil fertility and seasonal application of required nutrients for one to five years of crop production. Plans developed for a period of time greater than three years and up to five years shall be limited to sites in permanent pasture or continuous hay.

2. The plan shall state a need for immediate modification if (i) animal numbers are to increase above the level specified in the plan, (ii) animal types including intended market weights are to be changed, (iii) additional imported manure, biosolids, or industrial waste that was not identified in the existing plan is to be applied to fields under the control of the operator, or (iv) available land area for the utilization of manure decreases below the level necessary to utilize manure in the plan. The plan shall also state a need for modification prior to subsequent nutrient applications if cropping systems, rotations, or fields are changed and phosphorus will be applied at levels greater than crop nutrient needs based on soil analysis as determined from procedures in Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005.

3. Adjustments to manure production and application should be made if there are increases in animal numbers or changes in how animal waste is stored or applied, or when there are changes in nutrient content of manure resulting from changing feed rations, animal types, or new sampling and analysis for nutrient content and application rate calculations.

4. Soil analysis shall be recommended for each field at least once every three years to determine the soil fertility and pH, and to update the nutrient management plan.

5. Manure analysis shall be recommended before field application until a baseline nutrient content is established for the specific manure type on the corresponding farm operation. After a baseline nutrient content is established, a manure analysis shall be recommended at least once every three years for dry or semisolid manures, and at least once every year for liquid manures.

6. Modified top dressing or sidedressing application rates of nitrogen may be recommended if a pre-sidedress nitrogen test (PSNT) administered during the growing season indicates different levels of nitrogen than planning time calculations if the use of the PSNT and interpretation of the test results are consistent with Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, revised October 2005.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE (4VAC5-15) (4VAC50-85)

Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria, Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Soil and Water Conservation, revised October 2005

Virginia Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations for 2005, Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, Publication No. 456-420

Electronic Field Office Technical Guide, Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture

Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3, Chemical Methods, 1996, Soil Science Society of America/American Society of Agronomy

Recommended Methods of Manure Analysis, publication A3769, University of Wisconsin, 2003

Tucker, M.R. 1992. Determination of phosphorus by Mehlich 3 extraction. pg. 6-8. In S.J. Donohue (Ed.) Reference Soil and Media Diagnostic Procedures for the Southern Region of the United States. Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin No. 374

Virginia Phosphorus Index Version 2.0 Technical Guide, Revised October 2005, Virginia Tech

Title of Regulation: 9VAC5-85. Permits for Stationary Sources of Pollutants Subject to Regulation (Rev. H-12) (amending 9VAC5-85-40, 9VAC5-85-50; adding 9VAC5-85-55).

Statutory Authority: § 10.1-1308 of the Code of Virginia.

Public Hearing Information: No public hearings are scheduled.

Public Comment Deadline: February 26, 2014.

Effective Date: March 13, 2014.

Agency Contact: Karen G. Sabasteanski, Department of Environmental Quality, 629 East Main Street, P.O. Box 1105, Richmond, VA 23218, telephone (804) 698-4426, FAX (804) 698-4510, TTY (804) 698-4021, or email karen.sabasteanski@deq.virginia.gov.

Basis: Section 10.1-1308 of the Virginia Air Pollution Control Law (§ 10.1-1300 et seq. of the Code of Virginia) authorizes the State Air Pollution Control Board to promulgate regulations abating, controlling, and prohibiting air pollution in order to protect public health and welfare. Written assurance from the Office of the Attorney General that the State Air Pollution Control Board possesses the statutory authority to promulgate the proposed regulation amendments is available upon request.

Federal Requirements. Section 110(a) of the federal Clean Air Act mandates that each state adopt and submit to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) a state implementation plan (SIP) that provides for the implementation, maintenance, and enforcement of each primary and secondary air quality standard within each air quality control region in the state. The SIP is adopted only after reasonable public notice is given and public hearings are held. The SIP must include provisions to establish, among other tasks, programs for the regulation of the modification and construction of any stationary source within areas covered by the plan to assure the achievement of the ambient air quality standards, including a permit program as required by Part C of Title I of the Act.

The purpose of Part C, "Prevention of Significant Deterioration of Air Quality," is to protect existing clean air resources. Part C requires that the SIP include a prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) program. That is, in areas that are meeting the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) (attainment), as well as in national parks and other protected areas, the air quality may not deteriorate.

Sections 162 through 169B provide the details of how each state's PSD program is to be designed and operated. Section 165, "Preconstruction Requirements," is the section of the Act that deals with new source review (NSR) permit programs. This section requires that sources obtain permits demonstrating that they will not contribute to air pollution in excess of that allowed by the Act. Section 165 specifies that new sources locating in attainment areas must meet best available control technology (BACT), which is defined in § 169.

40 CFR 51.166 contains the requirements for SIP-approved state PSD programs, while 40 CFR 52.21 contains the requirements for the issuance of PSD permits pursuant to federal authority. Permitting for sources of greenhouse gases is covered under 40 CFR 51.166 and 40 CFR 52.21 primarily through the definition of "subject to regulation."

Virginia is a SIP-approved state for PSD, and therefore has the authority to directly implement federal PSD regulations as long as its rules are at least as protective as the federal rules of 40 CFR 51.166. In its action of July 12, 2012, EPA revised the provisions relating to PALs at 40 CFR 52.21(aa) and provisions relating to the definition of "subject to regulation" at 40 CFR 52.21(b)(49). These provisions only affect permits issued under federal authority (i.e., those issued by the EPA or a delegated state agency). By amending 40 CFR 52.21 and not 40 CFR 51.166, EPA did not intend to affect existing state authority to issue PAL permits and did not require permitting authorities to take any action with respect to their existing PAL regulations or any existing PAL permits. Therefore, these revisions are not minimum program requirements that must be adopted by states into their EPA-approved SIP PSD permitting programs. Accordingly, EPA's final rule does not adopt these changes into the existing PAL provisions contained in 40 CFR 51.166, but states may adopt these changes into their SIP-approved PAL program if they so choose.

State Requirements. These specific amendments are not required by state mandate. Rather, Virginia's Air Pollution Control Law gives the State Air Pollution Control Board the discretionary authority to promulgate regulations "abating, controlling and prohibiting air pollution throughout or in any part of the Commonwealth" (§ 10.1-1308 A of the Code of Virginia). Section 10.1-1300 of Code of Virginia defines such air pollution as "the presence in the outdoor atmosphere of one or more substances which are or may be harmful or injurious to human health, welfare or safety, to animal or plant life, or to property, or which unreasonably interfere with the enjoyment by the people or life or property."

Purpose: The regulation and the proposed amendments are intended to achieve the following goals:

1. To protect public health and welfare with the least possible cost and intrusiveness to the citizens and businesses of the Commonwealth.

2. To prevent the construction, modification, or operation of major facilities that will prevent or interfere with the attainment or maintenance of any ambient air quality standard.

3. To ensure that major new facilities or major expansions to existing facilities will be designed, built, and equipped to operate without causing or exacerbating a violation of any ambient air quality standard.

4. To ensure that major new facilities or major expansions to existing facilities will be designed, built, and equipped to comply with case-by-case control technology determinations and other requirements.

5. To ensure that there is no significant deterioration of air quality in Virginia's national parks and throughout the Commonwealth.

The PSD program is designed to protect air quality in areas where the air is cleaner than required by the NAAQS. PSD's primary control strategy is new source review. Prior to construction or expansion of an industrial facility, a permit must be issued that ensures that the facility will not emit pollutants in sufficient quantity to make a significant contribution to the deterioration of air quality or to violate the NAAQS. The permit application and the department review and analysis must be subject to a public hearing prior to issuing the permit. The facility must use BACT to control emissions.

On January 2, 2011, greenhouse gases (GHGs) became "regulated air pollutants" and thus subject to NSR permitting under the "Tailoring Rule." The Tailoring Rule was necessary because the federal Clean Air Act applicability requirements that determine which sources are subject to permitting are based on annual potential emission rates of 100 or 250 tons per year (tpy). Implementing these requirements for GHG-emitting sources immediately after they became subject to PSD requirements would have overwhelmed the capabilities of state permitting authorities to issue permits, and as a result, would have impeded the ability of sources to construct, modify or operate.

The Tailoring Rule initially established two steps to implement PSD. Tailoring Rule Step 1 began on January 2, 2011, and applies to sources subject to PSD due to their emissions of other pollutants ("anyway" sources) and that had the potential to emit 75,000 tpy CO₂e (or increase emissions by that amount for modifications). Tailoring Rule Step 2 began on July 1, 2011. In addition to anyway sources, Step 2 applies to new facilities emitting GHGs in excess of 100,000 tpy CO₂e and facilities making changes that would increase GHG emissions by at least 75,000 tpy CO₂e, and that also exceed 100/250 tpy of GHGs on a mass basis.

In the latest rulemaking, Step 3, EPA has continued to identify and evaluate approaches to enable permitting authorities to permit more GHG-emitting sources without undue burden. EPA finalized a streamlining measure that would revise the existing PAL permitting program to allow permitting authorities to issue GHG PALs on either a mass basis (tpy) or a CO₂e basis, including the option to use the CO₂e-based increases provided in the subject to regulation thresholds in setting the PAL, and to allow such PALs to be used as an alternative approach for determining whether a project is a major modification and whether GHG emissions are subject to regulation. EPA also finalized the "minor source approach," which allows permitting authorities to issue GHG PALs to GHG-only sources without requiring the source to undertake an action that would make GHGs subject to regulation and bring the source into major stationary source status under the Tailoring Rule. Thus, Step 3 of the Tailoring Rule enables GHG-only sources to obtain a GHG PAL and remain a minor source as long as their GHG emissions remain below the PAL.

Adopting Step 3 of the federal GHG rules will streamline the administration of Virginia's GHG PSD permitting program by providing sources with a voluntary alternative approach for controlling GHGs such that sources and the department can address GHGs one time for a source rather than undergo repeated subsequent permitting actions over a five-year period.

Rationale for Using Fast-Track Process: EPA revised its regulations to streamline PSD permitting programs by allowing sources and the reviewing authority to voluntarily address GHGs one time for a source and avoid repeated subsequent permitting actions. It is in the best interests of the regulated community, the department, and the public to have permitting functions operate as cost-effectively and efficiently as possible, and that encourage processes that minimize harmful air pollution. If a GHG PAL would enable a facility to better manage its GHG emissions, then the department should provide the tools needed for them to avail themselves of the process.

Substance: Provisions have been added to enable GHG PALs to be established on a mass or a CO₂e emissions basis, and to allow a GHG-only source to submit an application for a CO₂e-based GHG PAL while maintaining its minor source status.

Issues: The primary advantage to the public is more efficient permitting, which is cost-effective, enables the better provision of services, and may contribute to air quality benefits. The primary advantage to the department is more efficient permitting, which is cost-effective, enables the better provision of services, and may contribute to air quality benefits. There are no disadvantages to the public or the department.

Department of Planning and Budget's Economic Impact Analysis:

Summary of the Proposed Amendments to Regulation. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recently promulgated final amendments that would provide for a more streamlined implementation of the federal program for establishing plant-wide applicability limits (PALs) for greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions. Consequently, the Air Pollution Control Board proposes to amend these regulations so as to streamline prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) permitting programs by allowing sources and the reviewing authority to voluntarily address GHGs one time for a source and avoid repeated subsequent permitting actions.

Result of Analysis. The benefits likely exceed the costs for all proposed changes.

Estimated Economic Impact. Since a PAL provides extensive operational flexibility, sources will not have to spend money on obtaining permit modifications (about $7,000 per permit amendment) for the PAL duration. Such cost savings will depend on how frequently the source modifies its processes. In turn, the Department of Environmental Quality will not have to process many permit modifications, and may focus its efforts on other facilities with a greater impact on the environment. Avoiding PSD review also allows sources to make the changes necessary to respond rapidly to market conditions, while generally assuring the environment is protected from adverse impacts from the change.

A PAL also results in significant environmental benefit by providing the community with an understanding of the long-term emissions impact from a facility, by preventing "emissions creep," and by requiring enhanced monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting provisions to demonstrate compliance with the PAL. In order to operate within the PAL emissions limit and maintain its PAL status, a facility is likely to look for ways to improve its operations, thus likely resulting in reduction of GHGs. Public health and welfare may thus benefit from the more efficient and effective management of GHG emissions.

Businesses and Entities Affected. Entities potentially affected by the proposed amendments include electricity generators, paper manufacturers, and landfills. In Virginia, there are approximately 57 sources with estimated CO2 emissions over 100,000 tons per year. Since PALs are optional, sources may or may not opt to apply for a PAL permit.

Localities Particularly Affected. The proposed amendment of this regulation does not disproportionately affect any particular localities.

Projected Impact on Employment. The proposed amendments will reduce costs ($7,000) for entities such as some electricity generators, paper manufacturers, and landfills which without the amendments may have needed to have obtained permit modifications. The reduced cost might have a small positive impact on employment.

Effects on the Use and Value of Private Property. The proposed amendments will reduce costs ($7,000) for entities such as some electricity generators, paper manufacturers, and landfills which without the amendments may have needed to have obtained permit modifications.

Small Businesses: Costs and Other Effects. The proposed amendment of this regulation will not increase costs for small businesses.

Small Businesses: Alternative Method that Minimizes Adverse Impact. The proposed repeal of this regulation does not adversely affect small businesses.

Real Estate Development Costs. The proposed amendments will not affect new real estate development, but may reduce some costs (through not requiring additional permitting) with changes at existing development.

Legal Mandate. The Department of Planning and Budget (DPB) has analyzed the economic impact of this proposed regulation in accordance with § 2.2-4007.04 of the Administrative Process Act and Executive Order Number 14 (10). Section 2.2-4007.04 requires that such economic impact analyses include, but need not be limited to, a determination of the public benefit, the projected number of businesses or other entities to whom the regulation would apply, the identity of any localities and types of businesses or other entities particularly affected, the projected number of persons and employment positions to be affected, the projected costs to affected businesses or entities to implement or comply with the regulation, and the impact on the use and value of private property. Further, if the proposed regulation has an adverse effect on small businesses, § 2.2-4007.04 requires that such economic impact analyses include (i) an identification and estimate of the number of small businesses subject to the regulation; (ii) the projected reporting, recordkeeping, and other administrative costs required for small businesses to comply with the regulation, including the type of professional skills necessary for preparing required reports and other documents; (iii) a statement of the probable effect of the regulation on affected small businesses; and (iv) a description of any less intrusive or less costly alternative methods of achieving the purpose of the regulation. The analysis presented above represents DPB's best estimate of these economic impacts.

Agency's Response to Economic Impact Analysis: The department has reviewed the economic impact analysis prepared by the Department of Planning and Budget and has no comment.

Summary:

The amendments (i) enable greenhouse gas (GHG) plantwide applicability limits (PALs) to be established on a mass or a carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e) emissions basis, (ii) allow a GHG-only source to submit an application for a CO₂e-based GHG PAL while maintaining its minor source status, and (iii) add new definitions and revise several existing ones.

Part III
Prevention of Significant Deterioration Permit Actions

9VAC5-85-40. Prevention of significant deterioration area permit actions.

The requirements of Article 8 (9VAC5-80-1605 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5-80 shall apply, except that the with the following exceptions:

1. The terms defined shall have the meaning given to them in this part.

2. The board, at its discretion, may apply the provisions of 9VAC5-85-55 in lieu of 9VAC5-80-1865 (Actuals plantwide applicability limits (PALs)).

9VAC5-85-50. Definitions.

A. For the purpose of applying this part in the context of the Regulations for the Control and Abatement of Air Pollution and related uses, the words or terms shall have the meanings given them in 9VAC5-80-1615 (Definitions), except for the terms defined in subsection C of this section.

B. Unless otherwise required by context, all terms not defined herein shall have the meanings given them in 9VAC5-10 (General Definitions) or 9VAC5-80-5 (Definitions), or commonly ascribed to them by recognized authorities, in that order of priority.

C. Terms defined.

"Actuals PAL" means (i) for major stationary sources, a PAL based on the baseline actual emissions of all emissions units at the source that emit or have the potential to emit the PAL pollutant or (ii) for GHG-only sources, a PAL based on the baseline actual emissions of all emissions units at the source, that emit or have the potential to emit GHGs.

"Allowable emissions" means the emissions rate of a stationary source calculated using the maximum rated capacity of the source (unless the source is subject to federally enforceable limits that restrict the operating rate or hours of operation, or both) and the most stringent of the following:

1. The allowable emissions for any emissions unit as calculated considering any emission limitations that are enforceable as a practical matter on the emissions unit's potential to emit; or

2. An emissions unit's potential to emit.

"Baseline actual emissions for a GHG PAL" means the average rate, in tons per year CO₂e or tons per year GHG, as applicable, at which the emissions unit actually emitted GHGs during any consecutive 24-month period selected by the owner within the five-year period immediately preceding either the date the owner begins actual construction of the project or the date a complete permit application is received by the board for a permit required under this part. For any existing electric utility steam generating unit, baseline actual emissions for a GHG PAL means the average rate, in tons per year CO₂e or tons per year GHG, as applicable, at which the emissions unit actually emitted the GHGs during any consecutive 24-month period selected by the owner within the five-year period immediately preceding the date the owner begins actual construction of the project. The board will allow the use of a different time period upon a determination that it is more representative of normal source operation.

1. The average rate shall include fugitive emissions to the extent quantifiable, and emissions associated with startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions.

2. The average rate shall be adjusted downward to exclude any noncompliant emissions that occurred while the source was operating above an emission limitation that was legally enforceable during the consecutive 24-month period.

3. The average rate shall be adjusted downward to exclude any emissions that would have exceeded an emission limitation with which the stationary source shall currently comply, had such stationary source been required to comply with such limitations during the consecutive 24-month period.

4. The average rate shall not be based on any consecutive 24-month period for which there is inadequate information for determining annual GHG emissions and for adjusting this amount if required by subdivisions 2 and 3 of this definition.

5. When a project involves multiple emissions units, only one consecutive 24-month period shall be used to determine the baseline actual emissions.

"Emissions unit" means any part of a stationary source that emits or has the potential to emit GHGs. For purposes of 9VAC5-85-55, there are two types of emissions units: (i) a new emissions unit is any emissions unit that is or will be newly constructed and that has existed for less than two years from the date such emissions unit first operated, and (ii) an existing emissions unit is any emissions unit that does not meet the definition of a new emissions unit.

"GHG-only source" means any existing stationary source that emits or has the potential to emit GHGs in the amount equal to or greater than the amount of GHGs on a mass basis that would be sufficient for a new source to trigger permitting requirements for GHGs under the definition of "major stationary source" and the amount of GHGs on a CO₂e basis that would be sufficient for a new source to trigger permitting requirements for GHGs under the definition of "subject to regulation" at the time the PAL permit is being issued, but does not emit or have the potential to emit any other non-GHG regulated NSR pollutant at or above the applicable major source threshold. A GHG-only source may only obtain a PAL for GHG emissions under 9VAC5-85-55.

"Greenhouse gases (GHGs)" means the aggregate group of six greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.

"Major emissions unit" means (i) for any major stationary source obtaining a GHG PAL issued on a mass basis, a major emissions unit as defined in 9VAC5-80-1615 C or (ii) for a GHG PAL issued on a CO₂e basis, any emissions unit that emits or has the potential to emit equal to or greater than the amount of GHGs on a CO₂e basis that would be sufficient for a new source to trigger permitting requirements under the definition of "subject to regulation" at the time the PAL permit is being issued.

"Major stationary source" means a major stationary source that is defined in and subject to Article 8 (9VAC5-80-1605 et seq.) of 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources) and that meets the definition of "subject to regulation."

"Minor source" means any stationary source that does not meet either (i) the definition of "major stationary source" for any pollutant at the time the PAL is issued or (ii) the definition of "subject to regulation."

"Plantwide applicability limitation" or "PAL" means an emission limitation expressed on a mass basis in tons per year, or expressed in tons per year CO₂e for a CO₂e-based GHG emission limitation, for a pollutant at a major stationary source or GHG-only source, that is enforceable as a practical matter and established source-wide in accordance with 9VAC5-85-55.

"PAL effective date" generally means the date of issuance of the PAL permit. However, the PAL effective date for an increased PAL is the date any emissions unit that is part of the PAL major modification becomes operational and begins to emit the PAL pollutant.

"PAL effective period" means the period beginning with the PAL effective date and ending five years later.

"PAL major modification" means, notwithstanding the definitions for "major modification" and "net emissions increase" as defined in 9VAC5-80-1615 C and the definition of "subject to regulation" of this section, any physical change in or change in the method of operation of the PAL source that causes it to emit the PAL pollutant at a level equal to or greater than the PAL.

"PAL permit" means the major NSR permit, the state operating permit, or the federal operating permit that establishes a PAL for a major stationary source or a GHG-only source.

"PAL pollutant" means the pollutant for which a PAL is established at a major stationary source or a GHG-only source. For a GHG-only source, the only available PAL pollutant is greenhouse gases.

"Potential to emit" means the maximum capacity of a stationary source to emit a pollutant under its physical and operational design. Any physical or operational limitation on the capacity of the source to emit a pollutant, including air pollution control equipment and restrictions on hours of operation or on the type or amount of material combusted, stored, or processed, shall be treated as part of its design if the limitation or the effect it would have on emissions is federally enforceable or enforceable as a practical matter. Secondary emissions do not count in determining the potential to emit of a stationary source. For the purposes of actuals PALs, any physical or operational limitation on the capacity of the source to emit a pollutant, including air pollution control equipment, and restrictions on hours of operation or on the type or amount of material combusted, stored, or processed, shall be treated as part of its design only if the limitation or the effect it would have on emissions is federally enforceable or enforceable as a practical matter by the state.

"Regulated NSR pollutant" means:

1. Any pollutant for which an ambient air quality standard has been promulgated and any constituents or precursors for such pollutants identified by the administrator (e.g., volatile organic compounds and NO_X are precursors for ozone);

2. Any pollutant that is subject to any standard promulgated under § 111 of the federal Clean Air Act;

3. Any class I or II substance subject to a standard promulgated under or established by Title VI of the federal Clean Air Act; or

4. Any pollutant that otherwise is subject to regulation under the federal Clean Air Act as defined in the definition of "subject to regulation."

5. Notwithstanding subdivisions 1 through 4 of this definition, the term "regulated NSR pollutant" shall not include any or all hazardous air pollutants either listed in § 112 of the federal Clean Air Act, or added to the list pursuant to § 112(b)(2) of the federal Clean Air Act, and which have not been delisted pursuant to § 112(b)(3) of the federal Clean Air Act, unless the listed hazardous air pollutant is also regulated as a constituent or precursor of a general pollutant listed under § 108 of the federal Clean Air Act.

"Significant emissions unit" means (i) for a GHG PAL issued on a mass basis, an emissions unit that emits or has the potential to emit a PAL pollutant in an amount that is equal to or greater than the significant level for that PAL pollutant, but less than the amount that would qualify the unit as a major emissions unit or (ii) for a GHG PAL issued on a CO₂e basis, any emissions unit that emits or has the potential to emit GHGs on a CO₂e basis in amounts equal to or greater than the amount that would qualify the unit as small emissions unit, but less than the amount that would qualify the unit as a major emissions unit.

"Small emissions unit" means (i) for a GHG PAL issued on a mass basis, an emissions unit that emits or has the potential to emit the PAL pollutant in an amount less than the significant level for that PAL pollutant, as defined in this section or in the federal Clean Air Act, whichever is lower or (ii) for a GHG PAL issued on a CO₂e basis, an emissions unit that emits or has the potential to emit less than the amount of GHGs on a CO₂e basis defined as "significant" for the purposes of subdivision 3 of the definition of "subject to regulation" at the time the PAL permit is being issued.

"Subject to regulation" means, for any air pollutant, that the pollutant is subject to either a provision in the federal Clean Air Act, or a nationally applicable regulation codified by the administrator in Subchapter C of 40 CFR Chapter I, that requires actual control of the quantity of emissions of that pollutant, and that such a control requirement has taken effect and is operative to control, limit or restrict the quantity of emissions of that pollutant released from the regulated activity. The following exceptions shall apply:

1. GHGs shall not be subject to regulation except as provided in subdivisions 4 and 5 of this definition and shall not be subject to regulation if the stationary source maintains its total source-wide emissions below the GHG PAL level, meets the requirements of 9VAC5-95-55, and complies with the PAL permit containing the GHG PAL. A GHG-only source with a valid CO₂e-based GHG PAL shall be considered to be a minor source for GHG.

2. For purposes of subdivisions 3 through 5 of this definition, the term "tpy CO₂ equivalent emissions (CO₂e)" shall represent an amount of GHGs emitted, and shall be computed as follows:

a. Multiplying the mass amount of emissions (tpy), for each of the six greenhouse gases in the pollutant GHGs, by the gas's associated global warming potential published at Table A-1 to Subpart A of 40 CFR Part 98. For purposes of this subdivision, prior to July 21, 2014, the mass of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide shall not include carbon dioxide emissions resulting from the combustion or decomposition of nonfossilized and biodegradable organic material originating from plants, animals, or micro-organisms (including products, byproducts, residues, and waste from agriculture, forestry, and related industries as well as the nonfossilized and biodegradable organic fractions of industrial and municipal wastes, including gases and liquids recovered from the decomposition of nonfossilized and biodegradable organic material).

b. Sum the resultant value from subdivision a of this subdivision for each gas to compute a tpy CO₂e.

3. The term "emissions increase" as used in subdivisions 4 and 5 of this definition shall mean that both a significant emissions increase (as calculated using the procedures in 9VAC5-80-1605 G) and a significant net emissions increase (as defined in 9VAC5-80-1615 C) occur. For the pollutant GHGs, an emissions increase shall be based on tpy CO₂e, and shall be calculated assuming the pollutant GHGs is a regulated NSR pollutant, and "significant" is defined as 75,000 tpy CO₂e instead of applying the value in subdivision b of the definition of "significant" in 9VAC5-80-1615 C.

4. Beginning January 2, 2011, the pollutant GHGs is subject to regulation if:

a. The stationary source is a new major stationary source for a regulated NSR pollutant that is not GHGs, and also will emit or will have the potential to emit 75,000 tpy CO₂e or more; or

b. The stationary source is an existing major stationary source for a regulated NSR pollutant that is not GHGs, and also will have an emissions increase of a regulated NSR pollutant, and an emissions increase of 75,000 tpy CO₂e or more.

5. Beginning July 1, 2011, in addition to the provisions in subdivision 4 of this definition, the pollutant GHGs shall also be subject to regulation:

a. At a new stationary source that will emit or have the potential to emit 100,000 tpy CO₂e; or

b. At an existing stationary source that emits or has the potential to emit 100,000 tpy CO₂e, when such stationary source undertakes a physical change or change in the method of operation that will result in an emissions increase of 75,000 tpy CO₂e or more.

9VAC5-85-55. Actuals plantwide applicability limits (PALs).

A. The following applicability requirements shall apply:

1. The board may approve the use of an actuals PAL for GHGs on either a mass basis or a CO₂e basis for any existing major stationary source or any existing GHG-only source if the PAL meets the requirements of this section. The term "PAL" shall mean "actuals PAL" throughout this section.

2. Any physical change in or change in the method of operation of a major stationary source or a GHG-only source that maintains its total source-wide emissions below the PAL level, meets the requirements of this section, and complies with the PAL permit:

a. Is not a major modification for the PAL pollutant;

b. Does not have to be approved through Article 8 (9VAC5-80-1605 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources) or this part;

c. Is not subject to the provisions of 9VAC5-80-1605 C (restrictions on relaxing enforceable emission limitations that the major stationary source used to avoid applicability of the major NSR program); and

d. Does not make GHGs subject to regulation.

3. Except as provided under subdivision 2 c of this subsection, a major stationary source or a GHG-only source shall continue to comply with all applicable federal or state requirements, emission limitations, and work practice requirements that were established prior to the effective date of the PAL.

B. As part of a permit application requesting a PAL, the owner of a major stationary source or a GHG-only source shall submit the following information to the board for approval:

1. A list of all emissions units at the source designated as small, significant, or major based on their potential to emit. In addition, the owner of the source shall indicate which, if any, federal or state applicable requirements, emission limitations, or work practices apply to each unit.

2. Calculations of the baseline actual emissions, with supporting documentation. Baseline actual emissions are to include emissions associated not only with operation of the unit, but also emissions associated with startup, shutdown, and malfunction.

3. The calculation procedures that the owner proposes to use to convert the monitoring system data to monthly emissions and annual emissions based on a 12-month rolling total for each month as required by subdivision M 1 of this section.

4. As part of a permit application requesting a GHG PAL, the owner of a major stationary source or a GHG-only source shall submit a statement by the owner that clarifies whether the source is an existing major source as defined in the definition of "major stationary source" or a GHG-only source.

C. The board may establish a PAL at a major stationary source or a GHG-only source, provided that at a minimum, the following requirements are met. At no time during or after the PAL effective period are emissions reductions of a PAL pollutant that occur during the PAL effective period creditable as decreases for purposes of offsets under 9VAC5-80-2120 F through L unless the level of the PAL is reduced by the amount of such emissions reductions and such reductions would be creditable in the absence of the PAL.

1. The PAL shall impose an annual emission limitation expressed on a mass basis in tons per year, or expressed in tons per year CO₂e, that is enforceable as a practical matter, for the entire major stationary source or GHG-only source. For each month during the PAL effective period after the first 12 months of establishing a PAL, the major stationary source or GHG-only source owner shall show that the sum of the monthly emissions from each emissions unit under the PAL for the previous 12 consecutive months is less than the PAL (a 12-month average, rolled monthly). For each month during the first 11 months from the PAL effective date, the major stationary source or GHG-only source owner shall show that the sum of the preceding monthly emissions from the PAL effective date for each emissions unit under the PAL is less than the PAL.

2. The PAL shall be established in a PAL permit that meets the public participation requirements in subsection D of this section.

3. The PAL permit shall contain all the requirements of subsection F of this section.

4. The PAL shall include fugitive emissions, to the extent quantifiable, from all emissions units that emit or have the potential to emit the PAL pollutant at the major stationary source or GHG-only source.

5. Each PAL shall regulate emissions of only one pollutant.

6. Each PAL shall have a PAL effective period of five years.

7. The owner of the major stationary source or GHG-only source with a PAL shall comply with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements provided in subsections L through N of this section for each emissions unit under the PAL through the PAL effective period.

D. PALs for existing major stationary sources or GHG-only sources shall be established, renewed, or increased through the public participation procedures prescribed in the applicable permit programs identified in the definition of "PAL permit." This includes the requirement that the board provide the public with notice of the proposed approval of a PAL permit and at least a 30-day period for submittal of public comment. The board will address all material comments before taking final action on the permit.

E. Setting the five-year actuals PAL level shall be accomplished as follows:

1. Except as provided in subdivisions 2 and 3 of this subsection, the actuals PAL level on a mass basis for a major stationary source or a GHG-only source shall be established as the sum of the baseline actual emissions of the PAL pollutant for each emissions unit at the source, plus an amount equal to the applicable significant level for the PAL pollutant under the definition of "significant" in 9VAC5-80-1615.

2. For newly constructed units, which do not include modifications to existing units, on which actual construction began after the 24-month period, in lieu of adding the baseline actual emissions as specified in subdivision 1 of this subsection, the emissions shall be added to the PAL level in an amount equal to the potential to emit of the units.

3. For a CO₂e based GHG PAL, the actuals PAL level shall be established as the sum of the GHGs baseline actual emissions of GHGs for each emissions unit at the source, plus an amount equal to the amount defined as significant on a CO₂e basis for the purposes of subdivision 3 of the definition of "subject to regulation" at the time the PAL permit is being issued. When establishing the actuals PAL level for a CO₂e-based PAL, only one consecutive 24-month period shall be used to determine the baseline actual emissions for all existing emissions units. Emissions associated with units that were permanently shut down after this 24-month period shall be subtracted from the PAL level. The board will specify a reduced PAL level (in tons per year CO₂e) in the PAL permit to become effective on the future compliance date of any applicable federal or state regulatory requirement that the board is aware of prior to issuance of the PAL permit.

F. The PAL permit shall contain, at a minimum, the following information:

1. The PAL pollutant and the applicable source-wide emission limitation in tons per year CO₂e.

2. The PAL permit effective date and the expiration date of the PAL (PAL effective period).

3. Specification in the PAL permit that if a major stationary source or a GHG-only source owner applies to renew a PAL in accordance with subsection J of this section before the end of the PAL effective period, then the PAL shall not expire at the end of the PAL effective period. It shall remain in effect until a revised PAL permit is issued by the board.

4. A requirement that emission calculations for compliance purposes shall include emissions from startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions.

5. A requirement that, once the PAL expires, the major stationary source or GHG-only source is subject to the requirements of subdivision I of this section.

6. The calculation procedures that the major stationary source or GHG-only source owner shall use to convert the monitoring system data to monthly emissions and annual emissions based on a 12-month rolling total as required by subdivision M 1 of this section.

7. A requirement that the GHG-only source owner shall monitor all emissions units in accordance with the provisions under subsection L of this section.

8. A requirement to retain the records required under subsection M of this section on site. Such records may be retained in an electronic format.

9. A requirement to submit the reports required under subsection N of this section by the required deadlines.

10. Any other requirements that the board deems necessary to implement and enforce the PAL.

11. A permit for a GHG PAL issued to a GHG-only source shall also include a statement denoting that GHG emissions at the source will not be subject to regulation as long as the source complies with the PAL.

G. The PAL effective period shall be five years.

H. The following requirements for reopening the PAL permit shall apply:

1. During the PAL effective period the board will reopen the PAL permit to:

a. Correct typographical or calculation errors made in setting the PAL or reflect a more accurate determination of emissions used to establish the PAL;

b. Reduce the PAL if the owner creates creditable emissions reductions for use as offsets under 9VAC5-80-2120 F through N; and

c. Revise the PAL to reflect an increase in the PAL as provided under subsection K of this section.

2. The board may reopen the PAL permit for the following reasons:

a. Reduce the PAL to reflect newly applicable federal requirements (for example, NSPS) with compliance dates after the PAL effective date; and

b. Reduce the PAL consistent with any other requirement that is enforceable as a practical matter and that the board may impose on the major stationary source or GHG-only source.

3. Except for the permit reopening in subdivision 1 a of this subsection for the correction of typographical or calculation errors that do not increase the PAL level, all other reopenings shall be carried out in accordance with the public participation requirements of subsection D of this section.

I. Any PAL that is not renewed in accordance with the procedures in subsection J of this section shall expire at the end of the PAL effective period, and the following requirements shall apply:

1. Each emissions unit or each group of emissions units that existed under the PAL shall comply with an allowable emission limitation under a revised permit established according to the following procedures:

a. Within the time frame specified for PAL renewals in subdivision J 2 of this section, the major stationary source or GHG-only source shall submit a proposed allowable emission limitation for each emissions unit (or each group of emissions units, if such a distribution is more appropriate as decided by the board) by distributing the PAL allowable emissions for the major stationary source or GHG-only source among each of the emissions units that existed under the PAL. If the PAL had not yet been adjusted for an applicable requirement that became effective during the PAL effective period, as required under subdivision J 5 of this section, such distribution shall be made as if the PAL had been adjusted.

b. The board will decide whether and how the PAL allowable emissions will be distributed and issue a revised permit incorporating allowable limits for each emissions unit, or each group of emissions units, as the board determines is appropriate.

2. Each emissions unit shall comply with the allowable emission limitation on a 12-month rolling basis. The board may approve the use of monitoring systems (source testing, emission factors, etc.) other than CEMS, CERMS, PEMS, or CPMS to demonstrate compliance with the allowable emission limitation.

3. Until the board issues the revised permit incorporating allowable limits for each emissions unit, or each group of emissions units, as required under subdivision 1 b of this subsection, the source shall continue to comply with a source-wide, multi-unit emissions cap equivalent to the level of the PAL emission limitation.

4. Any physical change or change in the method of operation at the major stationary source or GHG-only source shall be subject to major NSR requirements if such change meets the definition of "major modification" in 9VAC5-80-1615 C.

5. The major stationary source or GHG-only source owner shall continue to comply with any state or federal applicable requirements (such as BACT, RACT, NSPS) that may have applied either during the PAL effective period or prior to the PAL effective period except for those emission limitations that had been established pursuant to 9VAC5-80-1605 C, but were eliminated by the PAL in accordance with the provisions in subdivision A 2 c of this section.

J. PALs shall be renewed as follows:

1. The board will follow the procedures specified in subsection D of this section in approving any request to renew a PAL for a major stationary source or a GHG-only source and will provide both the proposed PAL level and a written rationale for the proposed PAL level to the public for review and comment. During such public review, any person may propose a PAL level for the source for consideration by the board.

2. A major stationary source or a GHG-only source owner shall submit a timely application to the board to request renewal of a PAL. A timely application is one that is submitted at least six months prior to, but not earlier than 18 months from, the date of permit expiration. This deadline for application submittal is to ensure that the permit will not expire before the permit is renewed. If the owner of a major stationary source or a GHG-only source submits a complete application to renew the PAL within this time period, then the PAL shall continue to be effective until the revised permit with the renewed PAL is issued.

3. The application to renew a PAL permit shall contain the following information:

a. The information required in subdivisions B 1 through 3 of this section.

b. A proposed PAL level.

c. The sum of the potential to emit of all emissions units under the PAL (with supporting documentation).

d. Any other information the owner wishes the board to consider in determining the appropriate level for renewing the PAL.

4. In determining whether and how to adjust the PAL, the board will consider the following options; however, in no case may any such adjustment fail to comply with subdivision 4 c of this subsection:

a. If the emissions level calculated in accordance with subsection E of this section is equal to or greater than 80% of the PAL level, the board may renew the PAL at the same level without considering the factors set forth in subdivision 4 b of this subsection; or

b. The board may set the PAL at a level that it determines to be more representative of the source's baseline actual emissions, or that it determines to be more appropriate considering air quality needs, advances in control technology, anticipated economic growth in the area, desire to reward or encourage the source's voluntary emissions reductions, or other factors as specifically identified by the board in its written rationale.

c. Notwithstanding subdivisions 4 a and b of this subsection (i) if the potential to emit of the major stationary source or GHG-only source is less than the PAL, the board will adjust the PAL to a level no greater than the potential to emit of the source and (ii) the board will not approve a renewed PAL level higher than the current PAL, unless the major stationary source or GHG-only source has complied with the provisions of subsection J of this section.

5. If the compliance date for a state or federal requirement that applies to the PAL source occurs during the PAL effective period, and if the board has not already adjusted for such requirement, the PAL shall be adjusted at the time of PAL permit renewal or federal operating permit renewal, whichever occurs first.

K. A PAL may be increased during the PAL effective period as follows:

1. The board may increase a PAL emission limitation only if the major stationary source or GHG-only source complies with the following provisions:

a. The owner of the major stationary source or GHG-only source shall submit a complete application to request an increase in the PAL limit for a PAL major modification. Such application shall identify the emissions units contributing to the increase in emissions so as to cause the GHG-only source's emissions to equal or exceed its PAL.

b. As part of this application, the major stationary source or GHG-only source owner shall demonstrate that the sum of the baseline actual emissions of the small emissions units, plus the sum of the baseline actual emissions of the significant and major emissions units assuming application of BACT equivalent controls, plus the sum of the allowable emissions of the new or modified emissions units exceeds the PAL. The level of control that would result from BACT equivalent controls on each significant or major emissions unit shall be determined by conducting a new BACT analysis at the time the application is submitted, unless the emissions unit is currently required to comply with a BACT or LAER requirement that was established within the preceding 10 years. In such a case, the assumed control level for that emissions unit shall be equal to the level of BACT or LAER with which that emissions unit shall currently comply.

c. The owner obtains a major NSR permit for all emissions units identified in subdivision 1 a of this subsection, regardless of the magnitude of the emissions increase resulting from them (that is, no significant levels apply). These emissions units shall comply with any emissions requirements resulting from the major NSR process (for example, BACT), even though they have also become subject to the PAL or continue to be subject to the PAL.

2. The PAL permit shall require that the increased PAL level shall be effective on the day any emissions unit that is part of the PAL major modification becomes operational and begins to emit the PAL pollutant.

3. The board will calculate the new PAL as the sum of the allowable emissions for each modified or new emissions unit, plus the sum of the baseline actual emissions of the significant and major emissions units (assuming application of BACT equivalent controls as determined in accordance with subdivision 1 b of this subsection), plus the sum of the baseline actual emissions of the small emissions units.

4. The PAL permit shall be revised to reflect the increased PAL level pursuant to the public notice requirements of subsection D of this section.

L. Monitoring requirements for PALs shall be as follows:

1. The following general requirements apply:

a. Each PAL permit shall contain enforceable requirements for the monitoring system that accurately determines plantwide emissions of the PAL pollutant in terms of CO₂e per unit of time. Any monitoring system authorized for use in the PAL permit shall be based on sound science and meet generally acceptable scientific procedures for data quality and manipulation. Additionally, the information generated by such system shall meet minimum legal requirements for admissibility in a judicial proceeding to enforce the PAL permit.

b. The PAL monitoring system shall employ one or more of the four general monitoring approaches meeting the minimum requirements set forth in subdivision 2 of this subsection and shall be approved by the board.

c. Notwithstanding subdivision 1 b of this subsection, the owner may also employ an alternative monitoring approach that meets subdivision 1 a of this subsection if approved by the board.

d. Failure to use a monitoring system that meets the requirements of this subsection renders the PAL invalid.

2. The following are acceptable general monitoring approaches when conducted in accordance with the following minimum requirements:

a. Mass balance calculations for activities using coatings or solvents;

b. CEMS;

c. CPMS or PEMS; and

d. Emission factors.

3. An owner using mass balance calculations to monitor PAL pollutant emissions from activities using coating or solvents shall meet the following requirements:

a. Provide a demonstrated means of validating the published content of the PAL pollutant that is contained in or created by all materials used in or at the emissions unit;

b. Assume that the emissions unit emits all of the PAL pollutant that is contained in or created by any raw material or fuel used in or at the emissions unit, if it cannot otherwise be accounted for in the process; and

c. Where the vendor of a material or fuel, which is used in or at the emissions unit, publishes a range of pollutant content from such material, the owner shall use the highest value of the range to calculate the PAL pollutant emissions unless the board determines there is site-specific data or a site-specific monitoring program to support another content within the range.

4. An owner using CEMS to monitor PAL pollutant emissions shall meet the following requirements:

a. CEMS shall comply with applicable Performance Specifications found in Appendix B to 40 CFR Part 60; and

b. CEMS shall sample, analyze, and record data at least every 15 minutes while the emissions unit is operating.

5. An owner using CPMS or PEMS to monitor PAL pollutant emissions shall meet the following requirements:

a. The CPMS or the PEMS shall be based on current site-specific data demonstrating a correlation between the monitored parameters and the PAL pollutant emissions across the range of operation of the emissions unit; and

b. Each CPMS or PEMS shall sample, analyze, and record data at least every 15 minutes, or at another less frequent interval approved by the board, while the emissions unit is operating.

6. An owner using emission factors to monitor PAL pollutant emissions shall meet the following requirements:

a. All emission factors shall be adjusted, if appropriate, to account for the degree of uncertainty or limitations in the factors' development;

b. The emissions unit shall operate within the designated range of use for the emission factor, if applicable; and

c. If technically practicable, the owner of a significant emissions unit that relies on an emission factor to calculate PAL pollutant emissions shall conduct validation testing to determine a site-specific emission factor within six months of PAL permit issuance, unless the board determines that testing is not required.

7. A source owner shall record and report maximum potential emissions without considering enforceable emission limitations or operational restrictions for an emissions unit during any period of time that there is no monitoring data, unless another method for determining emissions during such periods is specified in the PAL permit.

8. Notwithstanding the requirements in subdivisions 3 through 7 of this subsection, where an owner of an emissions unit cannot demonstrate a correlation between the monitored parameters and the PAL pollutant emissions rate at all operating points of the emissions unit, the board will, at the time of permit issuance:

a. Establish default values for determining compliance with the PAL based on the highest potential emissions reasonably estimated at such operating points; or

b. Determine that operation of the emissions unit during operating conditions when there is no correlation between monitored parameters and the PAL pollutant emissions is a violation of the PAL.

9. All data used to establish the PAL pollutant shall be revalidated through performance testing or other scientifically valid means approved by the board. Such testing shall occur at least once every five years after issuance of the PAL.

M. Recordkeeping requirements shall be as follows:

1. The PAL permit shall require the owner to retain a copy of all records necessary to determine compliance with any requirement of this section and of the PAL, including a determination of each emissions unit's 12-month rolling total emissions, for five years from the date of such record.

2. The PAL permit shall require the owner to retain a copy of the following records for the duration of the PAL effective period plus five years:

a. A copy of the PAL permit application and any applications for revisions to the PAL; and

b. Each annual certification of compliance pursuant to the federal operating permit program and the data relied on in certifying the compliance.

N. The owner shall submit semi-annual monitoring reports and prompt deviation reports to the board in accordance with the federal operating permit program. The reports shall meet the following requirements:

1. The semi-annual report shall be submitted to the board within 30 days of the end of each reporting period. This report shall contain the following information:

a. The identification of owner and the permit number.

b. Total annual emissions (expressed on a mass-basis in tons per year, or expressed in tons per year CO₂e) based on a 12-month rolling total for each month in the reporting period recorded pursuant to subdivision M 1 of this section.

c. All data relied upon, including, but not limited to, any quality assurance or quality control data, in calculating the monthly and annual PAL pollutant emissions.

d. A list of any emissions units modified or added to the major stationary source or GHG-only source during the preceding six-month period.

e. The number, duration, and cause of any deviations or monitoring malfunctions (other than the time associated with zero and span calibration checks), and any corrective action taken.

f. A notification of a shutdown of any monitoring system, whether the shutdown was permanent or temporary, the reason for the shutdown, the anticipated date that the monitoring system will be fully operational or replaced with another monitoring system, and whether the emissions unit monitored by the monitoring system continued to operate, and the calculation of the emissions of the pollutant or the number determined by method included in the permit, as provided by subdivision L 7 of this section.

g. A signed statement by the responsible official (as defined by the federal operating permit program) certifying the truth, accuracy, and completeness of the information provided in the report.

2. The major stationary source or GHG-only source owner shall promptly submit reports of any deviations or exceedance of the PAL requirements, including periods where no monitoring is available. A report submitted pursuant to 9VAC5-80-110 F 2 b shall satisfy this reporting requirement. The deviation reports shall be submitted within the time limits prescribed by the applicable program implementing 9VAC5-80-110 F 2 b. The reports shall contain the following information:

a. The identification of owner and the permit number;

b. The PAL requirement that experienced the deviation or that was exceeded;

c. Emissions resulting from the deviation or the exceedance; and

d. A signed statement by the responsible official (as defined by the federal operating permit program) certifying the truth, accuracy, and completeness of the information provided in the report.

3. The owner shall submit to the board the results of any revalidation test or method within three months after completion of such test or method.

O. The board will not issue a PAL that does not comply with the requirements of this part after March 13, 2014. The board may supersede any PAL that was established prior to March 13, 2014, with a PAL that complies with the requirements of this section.

Title of Regulation: 9VAC25-31. Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (VPDES) Permit Regulation (amending 9VAC25-31-10, 9VAC25-31-25, 9VAC25-31-30, 9VAC25-31-50, 9VAC25-31-200, 9VAC25-31-300, 9VAC25-31-310).

Statutory Authority: § 62.1-44.15 of the Code of Virginia; § 402 of the Clean Water Act; 40 CFR Parts 122, 123, 124, 403, and 503.

Effective Date: February 26, 2014.

Agency Contact: Frederick Cunningham, Department of Environmental Quality, 629 East Main Street, P.O. Box 1105, Richmond, VA 23218, telephone (804) 698-4285, FAX (804) 698-4032, TTY (804) 698-4021, or email frederick.cunningham@deq.virginia.gov.

Background: The Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (VPDES) permit regulation governs the discharge of pollutants from various sources into state waters. The State Water Control Board has the authority to administer the federal National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program within the Commonwealth, and as such, the program is called the VPDES. Operations subject to these regulations are required to be covered under the (VPDES) Permit Regulation (9VAC25-31) or VPDES General Permit Regulation (9VAC25-191) if they discharge.

Summary:

The amendments (i) incorporate into VPDES regulations recent changes to 40 CFR 122.26, to 40 CFR Parts 449 and 451, and to §§ 54.1-2301 and 62.1-44.5 of the Code of Virginia and (ii) update the regulation to allow the use of the latest versions of federal effluent guidelines.

Part I
Definitions and General Program Requirements

9VAC25-31-10. Definitions.

"Act" means Federal Water Pollution Control Act, also known as the Clean Water Act (CWA), as amended, 33 USC § 1251 et seq.

"Administrator" means the Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, or an authorized representative.

"Animal feeding operation" or "AFO" means a lot or facility (other than an aquatic animal production facility) where the following conditions are met: (i) animals (other than aquatic animals) have been, are, or will be stabled or confined and fed or maintained for a total of 45 days or more in any 12-month period, and (ii) crops, vegetation forage growth, or post-harvest residues are not sustained in the normal growing season over any portion of the lot or facility.

"Applicable standards and limitations" means all state, interstate, and federal standards and limitations to which a discharge, a sewage sludge use or disposal practice, or a related activity is subject under the CWA (33 USC § 1251 et seq.) and the law, including effluent limitations, water quality standards, standards of performance, toxic effluent standards or prohibitions, best management practices, pretreatment standards, and standards for sewage sludge use or disposal under §§ 301, 302, 303, 304, 306, 307, 308, 403 and 405 of CWA.

"Approval authority" means the Director of the Department of Environmental Quality.

"Approved POTW Pretreatment Program" or "Program" or "POTW Pretreatment Program" means a program administered by a POTW that meets the criteria established in Part VII (9VAC25-31-730 et seq.) of this chapter and which has been approved by the director or by the administrator in accordance with 9VAC25-31-830.

"Approved program" or "approved state" means a state or interstate program which has been approved or authorized by EPA under 40 CFR Part 123.

"Aquaculture project" means a defined managed water area which uses discharges of pollutants into that designated area for the maintenance or production of harvestable freshwater, estuarine, or marine plants or animals.

"Average monthly discharge limitation" means the highest allowable average of daily discharges over a calendar month, calculated as the sum of all daily discharges measured during a calendar month divided by the number of daily discharges measured during that month.

"Average weekly discharge limitation" means the highest allowable average of daily discharges over a calendar week, calculated as the sum of all daily discharges measured during a calendar week divided by the number of daily discharges measured during that week.

"Best management practices (BMPs)" or "BMPs" means schedules of activities, prohibitions of practices, maintenance procedures, and other management practices to implement the prohibitions listed in 9VAC25-31-770 and to prevent or reduce the pollution of surface waters. BMPs also include treatment requirements, operating procedures, and practices to control plant site run-off, spillage or leaks, sludge or waste disposal, or drainage from raw material storage.

"Biosolids" means a sewage sludge that has received an established treatment and is managed in a manner to meet the required pathogen control and vector attraction reduction, and contains concentrations of regulated pollutants below the ceiling limits established in 40 CFR Part 503 and 9VAC25-31-540, such that it meets the standards established for use of biosolids for land application, marketing, or distribution in accordance with this chapter. Liquid biosolids contains less than 15% dry residue by weight. Dewatered biosolids contains 15% or more dry residue by weight.

"Board" means the Virginia State Water Control Board or State Water Control Board.

"Bypass" means the intentional diversion of waste streams from any portion of a treatment facility.

"Class I sludge management facility" means any POTW identified under Part VII (9VAC25-31-730 et seq.) of this chapter as being required to have an approved pretreatment program and any other treatment works treating domestic sewage classified as a Class I sludge management facility by the regional administrator, in conjunction with the director, because of the potential for its sludge use or disposal practices to adversely affect public health and the environment.

"Concentrated animal feeding operation" or "CAFO" means an AFO that is defined as a Large CAFO or as a Medium CAFO, or that is designated as a Medium CAFO or a Small CAFO. Any AFO may be designated as a CAFO by the director in accordance with the provisions of 9VAC25-31-130 B.

1. "Large CAFO." An AFO is defined as a Large CAFO if it stables or confines as many or more than the numbers of animals specified in any of the following categories:

a. 700 mature dairy cows, whether milked or dry;

b. 1,000 veal calves;

c. 1,000 cattle other than mature dairy cows or veal calves. Cattle includes but is not limited to heifers, steers, bulls and cow/calf pairs;

d. 2,500 swine each weighing 55 pounds or more;

e. 10,000 swine each weighing less than 55 pounds;

f. 500 horses;

g. 10,000 sheep or lambs;

h. 55,000 turkeys;

i. 30,000 laying hens or broilers, if the AFO uses a liquid manure handling system;

j. 125,000 chickens (other than laying hens), if the AFO uses other than a liquid manure handling system;

k. 82,000 laying hens, if the AFO uses other than a liquid manure handling system;

l. 30,000 ducks, if the AFO uses other than a liquid manure handling system; or

m. 5,000 ducks if the AFO uses a liquid manure handling system.

2. "Medium CAFO." The term Medium CAFO includes any AFO with the type and number of animals that fall within any of the ranges below that has been defined or designated as a CAFO. An AFO is defined as a Medium CAFO if:

a. The type and number of animals that it stables or confines falls within any of the following ranges:

(1) 200 to 699 mature dairy cattle, whether milked or dry;

(2) 300 to 999 veal calves;

(3) 300 to 999 cattle other than mature dairy cows or veal calves. Cattle includes but is not limited to heifers, steers, bulls and cow/calf pairs;

(4) 750 to 2,499 swine each weighing 55 pounds or more;

(5) 3,000 to 9,999 swine each weighing less than 55 pounds;

(6) 150 to 499 horses;

(7) 3,000 to 9,999 sheep or lambs;

(8) 16,500 to 29,999 laying hens or broilers, if the AFO uses a liquid manure handling system;

(9) 37,500 to 124,999 chickens (other than laying hens), if the AFO uses other than a liquid manure handling system;

(10) 25,000 to 81,999 laying hens, if the AFO uses other than a liquid manure handling system;

(11) 10,000 to 29,999 ducks, if the AFO uses other than a liquid manure handling system;

(12) 1,500 to 4,999 ducks, if the AFO uses a liquid manure handling system; and

b. Either one of the following conditions are met:

(1) Pollutants are discharged into surface waters of the state through a manmade ditch, flushing system, or other similar manmade device; or

(2) Pollutants are discharged directly into surface waters of the state that originate outside of and pass over, across, or through the facility or otherwise come into direct contact with the animals confined in the operation.

3. "Small CAFO." An AFO that is designated as a CAFO and is not a Medium CAFO.

"Concentrated aquatic animal production facility" means a hatchery, fish farm, or other facility which meets the criteria of this definition, or which the board designates under 9VAC25-31-140. A hatchery, fish farm, or other facility is a concentrated aquatic animal production facility if it contains, grows, or holds aquatic animals in either of the following categories:

1. Cold water fish species or other cold water aquatic animals in ponds, raceways, or other similar structures which discharge at least 30 days per year but does not include:

a. Facilities which produce less than 9,090 harvest weight kilograms (approximately 20,000 pounds) of aquatic animals per year; and

b. Facilities which feed less than 2,272 kilograms (approximately 5,000 pounds) of food during the calendar month of maximum feeding; or

2. Warm water fish species or other warm water aquatic animals in ponds, raceways, or other similar structures which discharge at least 30 days per year, but does not include:

a. Closed ponds which discharge only during periods of excess run-off; or

b. Facilities which produce less than 45,454 harvest weight kilograms (approximately 100,000 pounds) of aquatic animals per year.

Cold water aquatic animals include, but are not limited to, the Salmonidae family of fish (e.g., trout and salmon).

Warm water aquatic animals include, but are not limited to, the Ictaluridae, Centrarchidae and Cyprinidae families of fish (e.g., respectively, catfish, sunfish and minnows).

"Contiguous zone" means the entire zone established by the United States under Article 24 of the Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone (37 FR 11906).

"Continuous discharge" means a discharge which occurs without interruption throughout the operating hours of the facility, except for infrequent shutdowns for maintenance, process changes, or other similar activities.

"Control authority" refers to the POTW if the POTW's pretreatment program submission has been approved in accordance with the requirements of 9VAC25-31-830 or the approval authority if the submission has not been approved.

"Co-permittee" means a permittee to a VPDES permit that is only responsible for permit conditions relating to the discharge for which it is the operator.

"CWA" means the Clean Water Act (33 USC § 1251 et seq.) (formerly referred to as the Federal Water Pollution Control Act or Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972) Public Law 92-500, as amended by Public Law 95-217, Public Law 95-576, Public Law 96-483, Public Law 97-117, and Public Law 100-4.

"CWA and regulations" means the Clean Water Act (CWA) and applicable regulations promulgated thereunder. For the purposes of this chapter, it includes state program requirements.

"Daily discharge" means the discharge of a pollutant measured during a calendar day or any 24-hour period that reasonably represents the calendar day for purposes of sampling. For pollutants with limitations expressed in units of mass, the daily discharge is calculated as the total mass of the pollutant discharged over the day. For pollutants with limitations expressed in other units of measurement, the daily discharge is calculated as the average measurement of the pollutant over the day.

"Department" means the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality.

"Designated project area" means the portions of surface within which the permittee or permit applicant plans to confine the cultivated species, using a method or plan or operation (including, but not limited to, physical confinement) which, on the basis of reliable scientific evidence, is expected to ensure that specific individual organisms comprising an aquaculture crop will enjoy increased growth attributable to the discharge of pollutants, and be harvested within a defined geographic area.

"Direct discharge" means the discharge of a pollutant.

"Director" means the Director of the Department of Environmental Quality or an authorized representative.

"Discharge," when used without qualification, means the discharge of a pollutant.

"Discharge," when used in Part VII (9VAC25-31-730 et seq.) of this chapter, means "indirect discharge" as defined in this section.

"Discharge of a pollutant" means:

1. Any addition of any pollutant or combination of pollutants to surface waters from any point source; or

2. Any addition of any pollutant or combination of pollutants to the waters of the contiguous zone or the ocean from any point source other than a vessel or other floating craft which is being used as a means of transportation.

This definition includes additions of pollutants into surface waters from: surface run-off which is collected or channeled by man; discharges through pipes, sewers, or other conveyances owned by a state, municipality, or other person which do not lead to a treatment works; and discharges through pipes, sewers, or other conveyances, leading into privately owned treatment works. This term does not include an addition of pollutants by any indirect discharger.

"Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR)" or "DMR" means the form supplied by the department or an equivalent form developed by the permittee and approved by the board, for the reporting of self-monitoring results by permittees.

"Draft permit" means a document indicating the board's tentative decision to issue or deny, modify, revoke and reissue, terminate, or reissue a permit. A notice of intent to terminate a permit, and a notice of intent to deny a permit are types of draft permits. A denial of a request for modification, revocation and reissuance, or termination is not a draft permit. A proposed permit is not a draft permit.

"Effluent limitation" means any restriction imposed by the board on quantities, discharge rates, and concentrations of pollutants which are discharged from point sources into surface waters, the waters of the contiguous zone, or the ocean.

"Effluent limitations guidelines" means a regulation published by the administrator under § 304(b) of the CWA to adopt or revise effluent limitations.

"Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)" or "EPA" means the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

"Existing source" means any source which is not a new source or a new discharger.

"Facilities or equipment" means buildings, structures, process or production equipment or machinery which form a permanent part of a new source and which will be used in its operation, if these facilities or equipment are of such value as to represent a substantial commitment to construct. It excludes facilities or equipment used in connection with feasibility, engineering, and design studies regarding the new source or water pollution treatment for the new source.

"Facility or activity" means any VPDES point source or treatment works treating domestic sewage or any other facility or activity (including land or appurtenances thereto) that is subject to regulation under the VPDES program.

"General permit" means a VPDES permit authorizing a category of discharges under the CWA and the law within a geographical area.

"Hazardous substance" means any substance designated under the Code of Virginia and 40 CFR Part 116 pursuant to § 311 of the CWA.

"Incorporated place" means a city, town, township, or village that is incorporated under the Code of Virginia.

"Indian country" means (i) all land within the limits of any Indian reservation under the jurisdiction of the United States government, notwithstanding the issuance of any patent, and including rights-of-way running through the reservation; (ii) all dependent Indian communities with the borders of the United States whether within the originally or subsequently acquired territory thereof, and whether within or without the limits of a state; and (iii) all Indian allotments, the Indian titles to which have not been extinguished, including rights-of-way running through the same.

"Indirect discharge" means the introduction of pollutants into a POTW from any nondomestic source regulated under § 307(b), (c) or (d) of the CWA and the law.

"Indirect discharger" means a nondomestic discharger introducing pollutants to a POTW.

"Individual control strategy" means a final VPDES permit with supporting documentation showing that effluent limits are consistent with an approved wasteload allocation or other documentation that shows that applicable water quality standards will be met not later than three years after the individual control strategy is established.

"Industrial user" or "user" means a source of indirect discharge.

"Interference" means an indirect discharge which, alone or in conjunction with an indirect discharge or discharges from other sources, both: (i) inhibits or disrupts the POTW, its treatment processes or operations, or its sludge processes, use or disposal; and (ii) therefore (ii) is a cause of a violation of any requirement of the POTW's VPDES permit (including an increase in the magnitude or duration of a violation) or of the prevention of biosolids use or sewage sludge disposal in compliance with the following statutory provisions and regulations or permits issued thereunder (or more stringent state or local regulations): Section 405 of the Clean Water Act, the Solid Waste Disposal Act (SWDA) (including Title II, more commonly referred to as the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) (42 USC § 6901 et seq.), and including state regulations contained in any state sludge management plan prepared pursuant to Subtitle D of the SWDA) the Clean Air Act (42 USC § 701 et seq.), the Toxic Substances Control Act (15 USC § 2601 et seq.), and the Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act (33 USC § 1401 et seq.).

"Interstate agency" means an agency of two or more states established by or under an agreement or compact approved by Congress, or any other agency of two or more states having substantial powers or duties pertaining to the control of pollution as determined and approved by the administrator under the CWA and regulations.

"Land application area" means, in regard to an AFO, land under the control of an AFO owner or operator, that is owned, rented, or leased to which manure, litter or process wastewater from the production area may be applied.

"Land application area" means, in regard to biosolids, the area in the permitted field, excluding the setback area, where biosolids may be applied.

"Log sorting facilities" and "log storage facilities" mean facilities whose discharges result from the holding of unprocessed wood, for example, logs or roundwood with bark or after removal of bark held in self-contained bodies of water (mill ponds or log ponds) or stored on land where water is applied intentionally on the logs (wet decking).

"Major facility" means any VPDES facility or activity classified as such by the regional administrator in conjunction with the board.

"Malodor" means an unusually strong or offensive odor associated with biosolids or sewage sludge as distinguished from odors normally associated with biosolids or sewage sludge.

"Manmade" means constructed by man and used for the purpose of transporting wastes.

"Manure" means manure, bedding, compost and raw materials or other materials commingled with manure or set aside for disposal.

"Maximum daily discharge limitation" means the highest allowable daily discharge.

"Municipal separate storm sewer" means a conveyance or system of conveyances, including roads with drainage systems, municipal streets, catch basins, curbs, gutters, ditches, manmade channels, or storm drains, (i) owned or operated by a state, city, town, borough, county, parish, district, association, or other public body (created by or pursuant to state law) having jurisdiction over disposal of sewage, industrial wastes, storm water, or other wastes, including special districts under state law, such as a sewer district, flood control district or drainage district, or similar entity, or an Indian tribe or an authorized Indian tribal organization or a designated and approved management agency under § 208 of the CWA, that discharges to surface waters of the state; (ii) designed or used for collecting or conveying storm water; (iii) that is not a combined sewer; and (iv) that is not part of a publicly owned treatment works (POTW).

"Municipality" means a city, town, county, district, association, or other public body created by or under state law and having jurisdiction over disposal of sewage, industrial wastes, or other wastes, or an Indian tribe or an authorized Indian tribal organization, or a designated and approved management agency under § 208 of the CWA.

"National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System" or "NPDES" means the national program for issuing, modifying, revoking and reissuing, terminating, monitoring and enforcing permits, and imposing and enforcing pretreatment requirements under §§ 307, 402, 318, and 405 of the CWA. The term includes an approved program.

"National pretreatment standard," "pretreatment standard," or "standard," when used in Part VII (9VAC25-31-730 et seq.) of this chapter, means any regulation containing pollutant discharge limits promulgated by the EPA in accordance with § 307(b) and (c) of the CWA, which applies to industrial users. This term includes prohibitive discharge limits established pursuant to 9VAC25-31-770.

"New discharger" means any building, structure, facility, or installation:

1. From which there is or may be a discharge of pollutants;

2. That did not commence the discharge of pollutants at a particular site prior to August 13, 1979;

3. Which is not a new source; and

4. Which has never received a finally effective VPDES permit for discharges at that site.

This definition includes an indirect discharger which commences discharging into surface waters after August 13, 1979. It also includes any existing mobile point source (other than an offshore or coastal oil and gas exploratory drilling rig or a coastal oil and gas developmental drilling rig) such as a seafood processing rig, seafood processing vessel, or aggregate plant, that begins discharging at a site for which it does not have a permit; and any offshore or coastal mobile oil and gas exploratory drilling rig or coastal mobile oil and gas developmental drilling rig that commences the discharge of pollutants after August 13, 1979.

"New source," except when used in Part VII (9VAC25-31-730 et seq.) of this chapter, means any building, structure, facility, or installation from which there is or may be a discharge of pollutants, the construction of which commenced:

(a) 1. After promulgation of standards of performance under § 306 of the CWA which are applicable to such source; or

(b) 2. After proposal of standards of performance in accordance with § 306 of the CWA which are applicable to such source, but only if the standards are promulgated in accordance with § 306 of the CWA within 120 days of their proposal.

"New source," when used in Part VII of this chapter, means any building, structure, facility, or installation from which there is or may be a discharge of pollutants, the construction of which commenced after the publication of proposed pretreatment standards under § 307(c) of the CWA which will be applicable to such source if such standards are thereafter promulgated in accordance with that section, provided that:

1. a. The building, structure, facility or installation is constructed at a site at which no other source is located;

b. The building, structure, facility, or installation totally replaces the process or production equipment that causes the discharge of pollutants at an existing source; or

c. The production of wastewater generating processes of the building, structure, facility, or installation are substantially independent of an existing source at the same site. In determining whether these are substantially independent, factors such as the extent to which the new facility is integrated with the existing plant, and the extent to which the new facility is engaged in the same general type of activity as the existing source should be considered.

2. Construction on a site at which an existing source is located results in a modification rather than a new source if the construction does not create a new building, structure, facility, or installation meeting the criteria of subdivision 1 b or c of this definition but otherwise alters, replaces, or adds to existing process or production equipment.

3. Construction of a new source as defined under this subdivision has commenced if the owner or operator has:

a. Begun, or caused to begin, as part of a continuous on-site construction program:

(1) Any placement, assembly, or installation of facilities or equipment; or

(2) Significant site preparation work including clearing, excavation, or removal of existing buildings, structures, or facilities which is necessary for the placement, assembly, or installation of new source facilities or equipment; or

b. Entered into a binding contractual obligation for the purchase of facilities or equipment which are intended to be used in its operation within a reasonable time. Options to purchase or contracts which can be terminated or modified without substantial loss, and contracts for feasibility, engineering, and design studies do not constitute a contractual obligation under this subdivision.

"Overburden" means any material of any nature, consolidated or unconsolidated, that overlies a mineral deposit, excluding topsoil or similar naturally occurring surface materials that are not disturbed by mining operations.

"Owner" means the Commonwealth or any of its political subdivisions including, but not limited to, sanitation district commissions and authorities, and any public or private institution, corporation, association, firm or company organized or existing under the laws of this or any other state or country, or any officer or agency of the United States, or any person or group of persons acting individually or as a group that owns, operates, charters, rents, or otherwise exercises control over or is responsible for any actual or potential discharge of sewage, industrial wastes, or other wastes to state waters, or any facility or operation that has the capability to alter the physical, chemical, or biological properties of state waters in contravention of § 62.1-44.5 of the Code of Virginia.

"Owner" or "operator" means the owner or operator of any facility or activity subject to regulation under the VPDES program.

"Pass through" means a discharge which exits the POTW into state waters in quantities or concentrations which, alone or in conjunction with a discharge or discharges from other sources, is a cause of a violation of any requirement of the POTW's VPDES permit (including an increase in the magnitude or duration of a violation).

"Permit" means an authorization, certificate, license, or equivalent control document issued by the board to implement the requirements of this chapter. Permit includes a VPDES general permit. Permit does not include any permit which has not yet been the subject of final agency action, such as a draft permit or a proposed permit.

"Person" means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, a governmental body, a municipal corporation, or any other legal entity.

"Point source" means any discernible, confined, and discrete conveyance including, but not limited to, any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated animal feeding operation, landfill leachate collection system, vessel, or other floating craft from which pollutants are or may be discharged. This term does not include return flows from irrigated agriculture or agricultural storm water run-off.

"Pollutant" means dredged spoil, solid waste, incinerator residue, filter backwash, sewage, garbage, sewage sludge, munitions, chemical wastes, biological materials, radioactive materials (except those regulated under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended (42 USC § 2011 et seq.)), heat, wrecked or discarded equipment, rock, sand, cellar dirt and industrial, municipal, and agricultural waste discharged into water. It does not mean:

1. Sewage from vessels; or

2. Water, gas, or other material which is injected into a well to facilitate production of oil or gas, or water derived in association with oil and gas production and disposed of in a well if the well used either to facilitate production or for disposal purposes is approved by the board, and if the board determines that the injection or disposal will not result in the degradation of ground or surface water resources.

"POTW treatment plant" means that portion of the POTW which is designed to provide treatment (including recycling and reclamation) of municipal sewage and industrial waste.

"Pretreatment" means the reduction of the amount of pollutants, the elimination of pollutants, or the alteration of the nature of pollutant properties in wastewater prior to or in lieu of discharging or otherwise introducing such pollutants into a POTW. The reduction or alteration may be obtained by physical, chemical or biological processes, process changes or by other means, except as prohibited in Part VII of this chapter. Appropriate pretreatment technology includes control equipment, such as equalization tanks or facilities, for protection against surges or slug loadings that might interfere with or otherwise be incompatible with the POTW. However, where wastewater from a regulated process is mixed in an equalization facility with unregulated wastewater or with wastewater from another regulated process, the effluent from the equalization facility must meet an adjusted pretreatment limit calculated in accordance with Part VII of this chapter.

"Pretreatment requirements" means any requirements arising under Part VII (9VAC25-31-730 et seq.) of this chapter including the duty to allow or carry out inspections, entry or monitoring activities; any rules, regulations, or orders issued by the owner of a publicly owned treatment works; or any reporting requirements imposed by the owner of a publicly owned treatment works or by the regulations of the board. Pretreatment requirements do not include the requirements of a national pretreatment standard.

"Primary industry category" means any industry category listed in the NRDC settlement agreement (Natural Resources Defense Council et al. v. Train, 8 E.R.C. 2120 (D.D.C. 1976), modified 12 E.R.C. 1833 (D.D.C. 1979)); also listed in 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix A.

"Privately owned treatment works (PVOTW)" or "PVOTW" means any device or system which is (i) used to treat wastes from any facility whose operator is not the operator of the treatment works and (ii) not a POTW.

"Process wastewater" means any water which, during manufacturing or processing, comes into direct contact with or results from the production or use of any raw material, intermediate product, finished product, byproduct, or waste product. Process wastewater from an AFO means water directly or indirectly used in the operation of the AFO for any of the following: spillage or overflow from animal or poultry watering systems; washing, cleaning, or flushing pens, barns, manure pits, or other AFO facilities; direct contact swimming, washing, or spray cooling of the animals; or dust control. Process wastewater from an AFO also includes any water that comes into contact with any raw materials, products, or byproducts including manure, litter, feed, milk, eggs or bedding.

"Production area" means that part of an AFO that includes the animal confinement area, the manure storage area, the raw materials storage area, and the waste containment areas. The animal confinement area includes but is not limited to open lots, housed lots, feedlots, confinement houses, stall barns, free stall barns, milkrooms, milking centers, cowyards, barnyards, medication pens, walkers, animal walkways, and stables. The manure storage area includes but is not limited to lagoons, runoff ponds, storage sheds, stockpiles, under house or pit storages, liquid impoundments, static piles, and composting piles. The raw materials storage areas includes but is not limited to feed silos, silage bunkers, and bedding materials. The waste containment area includes but is not limited to settling basins, and areas within berms and diversions that separate uncontaminated storm water. Also included in the definition of production area is any egg washing or egg processing facility, and any area used in the storage, handling, treatment, or disposal of mortalities.

"Proposed permit" means a VPDES permit prepared after the close of the public comment period (and, when applicable, any public hearing and administrative appeals) which is sent to EPA for review before final issuance. A proposed permit is not a draft permit.

"Publicly owned treatment works (POTW)" or "POTW" means a treatment works as defined by § 212 of the CWA, which is owned by a state or municipality (as defined by § 502(4) of the CWA). This definition includes any devices and systems used in the storage, treatment, recycling, and reclamation of municipal sewage or industrial wastes of a liquid nature. It also includes sewers, pipes, and other conveyances only if they convey wastewater to a POTW treatment plant. The term also means the municipality as defined in § 502(4) of the CWA, which has jurisdiction over the indirect discharges to and the discharges from such a treatment works.

"Recommencing discharger" means a source which recommences discharge after terminating operations.

"Regional administrator" means the Regional Administrator of Region III of the Environmental Protection Agency or the authorized representative of the regional administrator.

"Rock crushing and gravel washing facilities" means facilities which process crushed and broken stone, gravel, and riprap.

"Schedule of compliance" means a schedule of remedial measures included in a permit, including an enforceable sequence of interim requirements (for example, actions, operations, or milestone events) leading to compliance with the law, the CWA and regulations.

"Secondary industry category" means any industry category which is not a primary industry category.

"Secretary" means the Secretary of the Army, acting through the Chief of Engineers.

"Septage" means the liquid and solid material pumped from a septic tank, cesspool, or similar domestic sewage treatment system, or a holding tank when the system is cleaned or maintained.

"Setback area" means the area of land between the boundary of the land application area and adjacent features where biosolids or other managed pollutants may not be land applied.

"Severe property damage" means substantial physical damage to property, damage to the treatment facilities which causes them to become inoperable, or substantial and permanent loss of natural resources which can reasonably be expected to occur in the absence of a bypass. Severe property damage does not mean economic loss caused by delays in production.

"Sewage from vessels" means human body wastes and the wastes from toilets and other receptacles intended to receive or retain body wastes that are discharged from vessels and regulated under § 312 of CWA.

"Sewage sludge" means any solid, semisolid, or liquid residue removed during the treatment of municipal waste water wastewater or domestic sewage. Sewage sludge includes, but is not limited to, solids removed during primary, secondary, or advanced waste water wastewater treatment, scum, domestic septage, portable toilet pumpings, type III marine sanitation device pumpings, and sewage sludge products. Sewage sludge does not include grit or screenings, or ash generated during the incineration of sewage sludge.

"Sewage sludge use" or "disposal practice" means the collection, storage, treatment, transportation, processing, monitoring, use of biosolids, or disposal of sewage sludge.

"Significant industrial user" or "SIU" means:

1. Except as provided in subdivisions 2 and 3 of this definition:

a. All industrial users subject to categorical pretreatment standards under 9VAC25-31-780 and incorporated by reference in 9VAC25-31-30; and

b. Any other industrial user that: discharges an average of 25,000 gallons per day or more of process wastewater to the POTW (excluding sanitary, noncontact cooling and boiler blowdown wastewater); contributes a process wastestream which makes up 5.0% or more of the average dry weather hydraulic or organic capacity of the POTW treatment plant; or is designated as such by the Control Authority control authority, on the basis that the industrial user has a reasonable potential for adversely affecting the POTW's operation or for violating any pretreatment standard or requirement.

2. The control authority may determine that an industrial user subject to categorical pretreatment standards under 9VAC25-31-780 and 40 CFR chapter I, subchapter N is a nonsignificant categorical industrial user rather than a significant industrial user on a finding that the industrial user never discharges more than 100 gallons per day (gpd) of total categorical wastewater (excluding sanitary, noncontact cooling and boiler blowdown wastewater, unless specifically included in the pretreatment standard) and the following conditions are met:

a. The industrial user, prior to control authority's finding, has consistently complied with all applicable categorical pretreatment standards and requirements;

b. The industrial user annually submits the certification statement required in 9VAC25-31-840 together with any additional information necessary to support the certification statement; and

c. The industrial user never discharges any untreated concentrated wastewater.

3. Upon a finding that an industrial user meeting the criteria in subdivision 1 b of this definition has no reasonable potential for adversely affecting the POTW's operation or for violating any pretreatment standard or requirement, the control authority may at any time, on its own initiative or in response to a petition received from an industrial user or POTW, and in accordance with Part VII (9VAC25-31-730 et seq.) of this chapter, determine that such industrial user is not a significant industrial user.

"Significant materials" means, but is not limited to: raw materials; fuels; materials such as solvents, detergents, and plastic pellets; finished materials such as metallic products; raw materials used in food processing or production; hazardous substances designated under § 101(14) of CERCLA (42 USC § 9601(14)); any chemical the facility is required to report pursuant to § 313 of Title III of SARA (42 USC § 11023); fertilizers; pesticides; and waste products such as ashes, slag and sludge that have the potential to be released with storm water discharges.

"Silvicultural point source" means any discernible, confined and discrete conveyance related to rock crushing, gravel washing, log sorting, or log storage facilities which are operated in connection with silvicultural activities and from which pollutants are discharged into surface waters. The term does not include nonpoint source silvicultural activities such as nursery operations, site preparation, reforestation and subsequent cultural treatment, thinning, prescribed burning, pest and fire control, harvesting operations, surface drainage, or road construction and maintenance from which there is natural run-off. However, some of these activities (such as stream crossing for roads) may involve point source discharges of dredged or fill material which may require a CWA § 404 permit.

"Site" means the land or water area where any facility or activity is physically located or conducted, including adjacent land used in connection with the facility or activity.

"Sludge-only facility" means any treatment works treating domestic sewage whose methods of biosolids use or sewage sludge disposal are subject to regulations promulgated pursuant to the law and § 405(d) of the CWA, and is required to obtain a VPDES permit.

"Source" means any building, structure, facility, or installation from which there is or may be a discharge of pollutants.

"Standards for biosolids use or sewage sludge disposal" means the regulations promulgated pursuant to the law and § 405(d) of the CWA which govern minimum requirements for sludge quality, management practices, and monitoring and reporting applicable to sewage sludge or the use of biosolids or disposal of sewage sludge by any person.

"State" means the Commonwealth of Virginia.

"State/EPA agreement" means an agreement between the regional administrator and the state which coordinates EPA and state activities, responsibilities and programs including those under the CWA and the law.

"State Water Control Law" or "Law" means Chapter 3.1 (§ 62.1-44.2 et seq.) of Title 62.1 of the Code of Virginia.

"Storm water" means storm water run-off, snow melt run-off, and surface run-off and drainage.

"Storm water discharge associated with industrial activity" means the discharge from any conveyance which is used for collecting and conveying storm water and which is directly related to manufacturing, processing, or raw materials storage areas at an industrial plant. The term does not include discharges from facilities or activities excluded from the VPDES program. For the categories of industries identified in this definition, the term includes, but is not limited to, storm water discharges from industrial plant yards; immediate access roads and rail lines used or traveled by carriers of raw materials, manufactured products, waste material, or by-products byproducts used or created by the facility; material handling sites; refuse sites; sites used for the application or disposal of process waste waters; sites used for the storage and maintenance of material handling equipment; sites used for residual treatment, storage, or disposal; shipping and receiving areas; manufacturing buildings; storage areas (including tank farms) for raw materials, and intermediate and final products; and areas where industrial activity has taken place in the past and significant materials remain and are exposed to storm water. For the purposes of this definition, material handling activities include the storage, loading and unloading, transportation, or conveyance of any raw material, intermediate product, final product, by-product byproduct, or waste product. The term excludes areas located on plant lands separate from the plant's industrial activities, such as office buildings and accompanying parking lots as long as the drainage from the excluded areas is not mixed with storm water drained from the above described areas. Industrial facilities (including industrial facilities that are federally, state, or municipally owned or operated that meet the description of the facilities listed in subdivisions 1 through 10 of this definition) include those facilities designated under the provisions of 9VAC25-31-120 A 1 c. The following categories of facilities are considered to be engaging in industrial activity for purposes of this subsection:

1. Facilities subject to storm water effluent limitations guidelines, new source performance standards, or toxic pollutant effluent standards under 40 CFR Subchapter N (except facilities with toxic pollutant effluent standards which that are exempted under category 10);

2. Facilities classified as Standard Industrial Classifications 24 (except 2434), 26 (except 265 and 267), 28 (except 283), 29, 311, 32 (except 323), 33, 3441, 373;

3. Facilities classified as Standard Industrial Classifications 10 through 14 (mineral industry) including active or inactive mining operations (except for areas of coal mining operations no longer meeting the definition of a reclamation area under 40 CFR 434.11(l) because the performance bond issued to the facility by the appropriate SMCRA authority has been released, or except for areas of non-coal mining operations which have been released from applicable state or federal reclamation requirements after December 17, 1990) and oil and gas exploration, production, processing, or treatment operations, or transmission facilities that discharge storm water contaminated by contact with or that has come into contact with, any overburden, raw material, intermediate products, finished products, by-products byproducts, or waste products located on the site of such operations; (inactive mining operations are mining sites that are not being actively mined, but which have an identifiable owner/operator; inactive mining sites do not include sites where mining claims are being maintained prior to disturbances associated with the extraction, beneficiation, or processing of mined materials, nor sites where minimal activities are undertaken for the sole purpose of maintaining a mining claim);

4. Hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facilities, including those that are operating under interim status or a permit under Subtitle C of RCRA (42 USC § 6901 et seq.);

5. Landfills, land application sites, and open dumps that receive or have received any industrial wastes (waste that is received from any of the facilities described under this subsection) including those that are subject to regulation under Subtitle D of RCRA (42 USC § 6901 et seq.);

6. Facilities involved in the recycling of materials, including metal scrapyards, battery reclaimers, salvage yards, and automobile junkyards, including but limited to those classified as Standard Industrial Classification 5015 and 5093;

7. Steam electric power generating facilities, including coal handling sites;

8. Transportation facilities classified as Standard Industrial Classifications 40, 41, 42 (except 4221-25), 43, 44, 45, and 5171 which have vehicle maintenance shops, equipment cleaning operations, or airport deicing operations. Only those portions of the facility that are either involved in vehicle maintenance (including vehicle rehabilitation, mechanical repairs, painting, fueling, and lubrication), equipment cleaning operations, airport deicing operations, or which are otherwise identified under subdivisions 1 through 7 or 9 and 10 of this definition are associated with industrial activity;

9. Treatment works treating domestic sewage or any other sewage sludge or wastewater treatment device or system, used in the storage treatment, recycling, and reclamation of municipal or domestic sewage, including land dedicated to the disposal of sewage sludge that are located within the confines of the facility, with a design flow of 1.0 mgd or more, or required to have an approved pretreatment program. Not included are farm lands, domestic gardens or lands used for sludge management where sludge is beneficially reused and which are not physically located in the confines of the facility, or areas that are in compliance with § 405 of the CWA; and

10. Facilities under Standard Industrial Classifications 20, 21, 22, 23, 2434, 25, 265, 267, 27, 283, 30, 31 (except 311), 323, 34 (except 3441), 35, 36, 37 (except 373), 38, 39, and 4221-25.

"Submission" means: (i) a request by a POTW for approval of a pretreatment program to the regional administrator or the director; (ii) a request by POTW to the regional administrator or the director for authority to revise the discharge limits in categorical pretreatment standards to reflect POTW pollutant removals; or (iii) a request to the EPA by the director for approval of the Virginia pretreatment program.

"Surface waters" means:

1. All waters which are currently used, were used in the past, or may be susceptible to use in interstate or foreign commerce, including all waters which are subject to the ebb and flow of the tide;

2. All interstate waters, including interstate wetlands;

3. All other waters such as intrastate lakes, rivers, streams (including intermittent streams), mudflats, sandflats, wetlands, sloughs, prairie potholes, wet meadows, playa lakes, or natural ponds the use, degradation, or destruction of which would affect or could affect interstate or foreign commerce including any such waters:

a. Which are or could be used by interstate or foreign travelers for recreational or other purposes;

b. From which fish or shellfish are or could be taken and sold in interstate or foreign commerce; or

c. Which are used or could be used for industrial purposes by industries in interstate commerce;

4. All impoundments of waters otherwise defined as surface waters under this definition;

5. Tributaries of waters identified in subdivisions 1 through 4 of this definition;

6. The territorial sea; and

7. Wetlands adjacent to waters (other than waters that are themselves wetlands) identified in subdivisions 1 through 6 of this definition.

Waste treatment systems, including treatment ponds or lagoons designed to meet the requirements of the CWA and the law, are not surface waters. Surface waters do not include prior converted cropland. Notwithstanding the determination of an area's status as prior converted cropland by any other agency, for the purposes of the Clean Water Act, the final authority regarding the Clean Water Act jurisdiction remains with the EPA.

"Total dissolved solids" means the total dissolved (filterable) solids as determined by use of the method specified in 40 CFR Part 136.

"Toxic pollutant" means any pollutant listed as toxic under § 307(a)(1) of the CWA or, in the case of sludge use or disposal practices, any pollutant identified in regulations implementing § 405(d) of the CWA.

"Treatment facility" means only those mechanical power driven devices necessary for the transmission and treatment of pollutants (e.g., pump stations, unit treatment processes).

"Treatment works" means any devices and systems used for the storage, treatment, recycling or reclamation of sewage or liquid industrial waste, or other waste or necessary to recycle or reuse water, including intercepting sewers, outfall sewers, sewage collection systems, individual systems, pumping, power and other equipment and their appurtenances; extensions, improvements, remodeling, additions, or alterations thereof; and any works, including land that will be an integral part of the treatment process or is used for ultimate disposal of residues resulting from such treatment; or any other method or system used for preventing, abating, reducing, storing, treating, separating, or disposing of municipal waste or industrial waste, including waste in combined sewer water and sanitary sewer systems.

"Treatment works treating domestic sewage" means a POTW or any other sewage sludge or waste water wastewater treatment devices or systems, regardless of ownership (including federal facilities), used in the storage, treatment, recycling, and reclamation of municipal or domestic sewage, including land dedicated for the disposal of sewage sludge. This definition does not include septic tanks or similar devices. For purposes of this definition, domestic sewage includes waste and waste water wastewater from humans or household operations that are discharged to or otherwise enter a treatment works.

"TWTDS" means treatment works treating domestic sewage.

"Uncontrolled sanitary landfill" means a landfill or open dump, whether in operation or closed, that does not meet the requirements for run-on or run-off controls established pursuant to subtitle D of the Solid Waste Disposal Act (42 USC § 6901 et seq.).

"Upset," except when used in Part VII (9VAC25-31-730 et seq.) of this chapter, means an exceptional incident in which there is unintentional and temporary noncompliance with technology based permit effluent limitations because of factors beyond the reasonable control of the permittee. An upset does not include noncompliance to the extent caused by operational error, improperly designed treatment facilities, inadequate treatment facilities, lack of preventive maintenance, or careless or improper operation.

"Variance" means any mechanism or provision under § 301 or § 316 of the CWA or under 40 CFR Part 125, or in the applicable effluent limitations guidelines which allows modification to or waiver of the generally applicable effluent limitation requirements or time deadlines of the CWA. This includes provisions which allow the establishment of alternative limitations based on fundamentally different factors or on §§ 301(c), 301(g), 301(h), 301(i), or 316(a) of the CWA.

"Vegetated buffer" means a permanent strip of dense perennial vegetation established parallel to the contours of and perpendicular to the dominant slope of the field for the purposes of slowing water runoff, enhancing water infiltration, and minimizing the risk of any potential nutrients or pollutants from leaving the field and reaching surface waters.

"Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (VPDES) permit" or "VPDES permit" means a document issued by the board pursuant to this chapter authorizing, under prescribed conditions, the potential or actual discharge of pollutants from a point source to surface waters and the use of biosolids or disposal of sewage sludge. Under the approved state program, a VPDES permit is equivalent to an NPDES permit.

"VPDES application" or "application" means the standard form or forms, including any additions, revisions or modifications to the forms, approved by the administrator and the board for applying for a VPDES permit.

"Wastewater," when used in Part VII (9VAC25-31-730 et seq.) of this chapter, means liquid and water carried industrial wastes and domestic sewage from residential dwellings, commercial buildings, industrial and manufacturing facilities and institutions, whether treated or untreated, which are contributed to the POTW.

"Wastewater works operator" means any individual employed or appointed by any owner, and who is designated by such owner to be the person in responsible charge, such as a supervisor, a shift operator, or a substitute in charge, and whose duties include testing or evaluation to control wastewater works operations. Not included in this definition are superintendents or directors of public works, city engineers, or other municipal or industrial officials whose duties do not include the actual operation or direct supervision of wastewater works.

"Water Management Division Director" means the director of the Region III Water Management Division of the Environmental Protection Agency or this person's delegated representative.

"Wetlands" means those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas.

"Whole effluent toxicity" means the aggregate toxic effect of an effluent measured directly by a toxicity test.

9VAC25-31-25. Applicability of incorporated references based on the dates that they became effective.

Except as noted, when a regulation of the United States Environmental Protection Agency set forth in Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations is referenced and incorporated herein that regulation shall be as it exists and has been published in the July 1, 2012 2013, update.

9VAC25-31-30. Federal effluent guidelines.

A. The following federal regulations are hereby incorporated by reference:

Airport Deicing Operations - 40 CFR Part 449

Aluminum Forming - 40 CFR Part 467

Asbestos Manufacturing - 40 CFR Part 427

Battery Manufacturing - 40 CFR Part 461

Canned and Preserved Fruits and Vegetables - 40 CFR Part 407

Canned and Preserved Seafood - 40 CFR Part 408

Carbon Black Manufacturing - 40 CFR Part 458

Cement Manufacturing - 40 CFR Part 411

Centralized Waste Treatment - 40 CFR Part 437

Coal Mining - 40 CFR Part 434

Coil Coating - 40 CFR Part 465

Concentrated Aquatic Animal Production - 40 CFR Part 451

Copper Forming - 40 CFR Part 468

Dairy Products - 40 CFR Part 405

Electrical and Electronic Components - 40 CFR Part 469

Electroplating - 40 CFR Part 413

Explosives Manufacturing - 40 CFR Part 457

Feedlots - 40 CFR Part 412 (2009)

Ferroalloy Manufacturing - 40 CFR Part 424

Fertilizer Manufacturing - 40 CFR Part 418

Glass Manufacturing - 40 CFR Part 426

Grain Mills - 40 CFR Part 406

Gum and Wood Chemicals Manufacturing - 40 CFR Part 454

Hospitals - 40 CFR Part 460

Ink Formulating - 40 CFR Part 447

Inorganic Chemicals Manufacturing - 40 CFR Part 415

Iron and Steel Manufacturing - 40 CFR Part 420

Landfills - 40 CFR Part 445

Leather Tanning and Finishing - 40 CFR Part 425

Meat Products - 40 CFR Part 432

Metal Finishing - 40 CFR Part 433

Metal Molding and Casting - 40 CFR Part 464

Metal Products and Machinery - 40 CFR Part 438

Mineral Mining and Processing - 40 CFR Part 436

Nonferrous Metals - 40 CFR Part 421

Nonferrous Metal Forming - 40 CFR Part 471

Oil and Gas Extraction - 40 CFR Part 435

Ore Mining and Dressing - 40 CFR Part 440

Organic Chemicals, Plastics and Synthetic Fibers - 40 CFR Part 414

Paint Formulating - 40 CFR Part 446

Paving and Roofing Materials - 40 CFR Part 443

Pesticide Chemicals - 40 CFR Part 455

Petroleum Refining - 40 CFR Part 419

Pharmaceutical Manufacturing - 40 CFR Part 439

Phosphate Manufacturing - 40 CFR Part 422

Photographic Processing - 40 CFR Part 459

Plastics Molding and Forming - 40 CFR Part 463

Porcelain Enameling - 40 CFR Part 466

Pulp, Paper and Paperboard - 40 CFR Part 430

Rubber Processing - 40 CFR Part 428

Secondary Treatment - 40 CFR Part 133

Soaps and Detergents - 40 CFR Part 417

Steam Electric Power Generation - 40 CFR Part 423

Sugar Processing - 40 CFR Part 409

Textile Mills - 40 CFR Part 410

Timber Products - 40 CFR Part 429

Toxic Pollutant Effluent Standards - 40 CFR Part 129

Transportation Equipment Cleaning - 40 CFR Part 442

Waste Combustors - 40 CFR Part 444

B. The director shall be responsible for identifying any subsequent changes in the regulations incorporated in the previous subsection or the adoption or the modification of any new national standard. Upon identifying any such federal change or adoption, the director shall initiate a regulation adopting proceedings by preparing and filing with the Registrar of Regulations the notice required by § 2.2-4006 A 4 c of the Code of Virginia or a notice of a public hearing pursuant to § 2.2-4007 C of the Code of Virginia.

9VAC25-31-50. Prohibitions.

A. Except in compliance with a VPDES permit, or another permit, issued by the board or other entity authorized by the board, it shall be unlawful for any person to:

1. Discharge into state waters sewage, industrial wastes, other wastes, or any noxious or deleterious substances; or

2. Otherwise alter the physical, chemical or biological properties of such state waters and make them detrimental to the public health, or to animal or aquatic life, or to the use of such waters for domestic or industrial consumption, or for recreation, or for other uses.; or

3. Discharge stormwater into state waters from municipal separate storm sewer systems or land disturbing activities.

B. Any person in violation of 9VAC25-31-50 subsection A of this section, who discharges or causes or allows a discharge of sewage, industrial waste, other wastes or any noxious or deleterious substance into or upon state waters; or who discharges or causes or allows a discharge that may reasonably be expected to enter state waters in violation of subsection A of this section shall notify the department of the discharge, immediately upon discovery of the discharge but in no case later than 24 hours after said discovery. A written report of the unauthorized discharge shall be submitted by the owner, to the department, within five days of discovery of the discharge. The written report shall contain:

1. A description of the nature and location of the discharge;

2. The cause of the discharge;

3. The date on which the discharge occurred;

4. The length of time that the discharge continued;

5. The volume of the discharge;

6. If the discharge is continuing, how long it is expected to continue;

7. If the discharge is continuing, what the expected total volume of the discharge will be; and

8. Any steps planned or taken to reduce, eliminate and prevent a recurrence of the present discharge or any future discharges not authorized by the permit.

Discharges reportable to the department under the immediate reporting requirements of other regulations are exempted from this requirement.

C. No permit may be issued:

1. When the conditions of the permit do not provide for compliance with the applicable requirements of the CWA or the law, or regulations promulgated under the CWA or the law;

2. When the applicant is required to obtain a state or other appropriate certification under § 401 of the CWA and that certification has not been obtained or waived;

3. When the regional administrator has objected to issuance of the permit;

4. When the imposition of conditions cannot ensure compliance with the applicable water quality requirements of all affected states;

5. When, in the judgment of the Secretary of the Army, anchorage and navigation in or on any of the waters of the United States would be substantially impaired by the discharge;

6. For the discharge of any radiological, chemical, or biological warfare agent or high-level radioactive waste;

7. For any discharge inconsistent with a plan or plan amendment approved under § 208(b) of the CWA;

8. For any discharge to the territorial sea, the waters of the contiguous zone, or the oceans in the following circumstances:

a. Before the promulgation of guidelines under § 403(c) of the CWA (for determining degradation of the waters of the territorial seas, the contiguous zone, and the oceans) unless the board determines permit issuance to be in the public interest; or

b. After promulgation of guidelines under § 403(c) of the CWA, when insufficient information exists to make a reasonable judgment whether the discharge complies with them.

9. To a new source or a new discharger, if the discharge from its construction or operation will cause or contribute to the violation of water quality standards. The owner or operator of a new source or new discharger proposing to discharge into a water segment which does not meet applicable water quality standards or is not expected to meet those standards even after the application of the effluent limitations required by the law and §§ 301(b)(1)(A) and 301(b)(1)(B) of the CWA, and for which the department has performed a pollutants load allocation for the pollutant to be discharged, must demonstrate, before the close of the public comment period, that:

a. There are sufficient remaining pollutant load allocations to allow for the discharge; and

b. The existing dischargers into that segment are subject to compliance schedules designed to bring the segment into compliance with applicable water quality standards. The board may waive the submission of information by the new source or new discharger required by this subdivision if the board determines that it already has adequate information to evaluate the request. An explanation of the development of limitations to meet the criteria of this paragraph is to be included in the fact sheet to the permit under 9VAC25-31-280.

9VAC25-31-200. Additional conditions applicable to specified categories of VPDES permits.

The following conditions, in addition to those set forth in 9VAC25-31-190, apply to all VPDES permits within the categories specified below:

A. Existing manufacturing, commercial, mining, and silvicultural dischargers. All existing manufacturing, commercial, mining, and silvicultural dischargers must notify the department as soon as they know or have reason to believe:

1. That any activity has occurred or will occur which would result in the discharge, on a routine or frequent basis, of any toxic pollutant which is not limited in the permit, if that discharge will exceed the highest of the following notification levels:

a. One hundred micrograms per liter (100 μg/l);

b. Two hundred micrograms per liter (200 μg/l) for acrolein and acrylonitrile; five hundred micrograms per liter (500 μg/l) for 2,4-dinitrophenol and for 2-methyl-4,6-dinitrophenol; and one milligram per liter (1 mg/l) for antimony;

c. Five times the maximum concentration value reported for that pollutant in the permit application; or

d. The level established by the board in accordance with 9VAC25-31-220 F.

2. That any activity has occurred or will occur which would result in any discharge, on a nonroutine or infrequent basis, of a toxic pollutant which is not limited in the permit, if that discharge will exceed the highest of the following notification levels:

a. Five hundred micrograms per liter (500 μg/l);

b. One milligram per liter (1 mg/l) for antimony;

c. Ten times the maximum concentration value reported for that pollutant in the permit application; or

d. The level established by the board in accordance with 9VAC25-31-220 F.

B. Publicly and privately owned treatment works. All POTWs and PVOTWs must provide adequate notice to the department of the following:

1. Any new introduction of pollutants into the POTW or PVOTW from an indirect discharger which would be subject to § 301 or 306 of the CWA and the law if it were directly discharging those pollutants; and

2. Any substantial change in the volume or character of pollutants being introduced into that POTW or PVOTW by a source introducing pollutants into the POTW or PVOTW at the time of issuance of the permit.

3. For purposes of this subsection, adequate notice shall include information on (i) the quality and quantity of effluent introduced into the POTW or PVOTW, and (ii) any anticipated impact of the change on the quantity or quality of effluent to be discharged from the POTW or PVOTW.

4. When the monthly average flow influent to a POTW or PVOTW reaches 95% of the design capacity authorized by the VPDES permit for each month of any three-month period, the owner shall within 30 days notify the department in writing and within 90 days submit a plan of action for ensuring continued compliance with the terms of the permit.

a. The plan shall include the necessary steps and a prompt schedule of implementation for controlling any current problem, or any problem which could be reasonably anticipated, resulting from high influent flows.

b. Upon receipt of the owner's plan of action, the board shall notify the owner whether the plan is approved or disapproved. If the plan is disapproved, such notification shall state the reasons and specify the actions necessary to obtain approval of the plan.

c. Failure to timely submit an adequate plan shall be deemed a violation of the permit.

d. Nothing herein shall in any way impair the authority of the board to take enforcement action under § 62.1-44.15, 62.1-44.23, or 62.1-44.32 of the Code of Virginia.

C. Wastewater works operator requirements.

1. The permittee shall employ or contract at least one wastewater works operator who holds a current wastewater license appropriate for the permitted facility. The license shall be issued in accordance with Title 54.1 of the Code of Virginia and the regulations of the Board for Waterworks and Wastewater Works Operators and Onsite Sewage System Professionals Regulations (18VAC160-20). Notwithstanding the foregoing requirement, unless the discharge is determined by the board on a case-by-case basis to be a potential contributor of pollution, no licensed operator is required for wastewater treatment works:

a. That have a design hydraulic capacity equal to or less than 0.04 mgd;

b. That discharge industrial waste or other waste from coal mining operations; or

c. That do not utilize biological or physical/chemical treatment.

2. In making this case-by-case determination, the board shall consider the location of the discharge with respect to state waters, the size of the discharge, the quantity and nature of pollutants reaching state waters and the treatment methods used at the wastewater works.

3. The permittee shall notify the department in writing whenever he is not complying, or has grounds for anticipating he will not comply with the requirements of subdivision 1 of this subsection. The notification shall include a statement of reasons and a prompt schedule for achieving compliance.

D. Lake level contingency plans. Any VPDES permit issued for a surface water impoundment whose primary purpose is to provide cooling water to power generators shall include a lake level contingency plan to allow specific reductions in the flow required to be released when the water level above the dam drops below designated levels due to drought conditions, and such plan shall take into account and minimize any adverse effects of any release reduction requirements on downstream users. This subsection shall not apply to any such facility that addresses releases and flow requirements during drought conditions in a Virginia Water Protection Permit.

E. Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs). The activities of the CAFO shall not contravene the Water Quality Standards, as amended and adopted by the board, or any provision of the State Water Control Law. There shall be no point source discharge of manure, litter or process wastewater to surface waters of the state except in the case of an overflow caused by a storm event greater than the 25-year, 24-hour storm. Agricultural storm water discharges as defined in subdivision C 3 of 9VAC25-31-130 are permitted. Domestic sewage or industrial waste shall not be managed under the Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System General Permit for CAFOs (9VAC25-191). Any permit issued to a CAFO shall include:

1. Requirements to develop, implement and comply with a nutrient management plan. At a minimum, a nutrient management plan shall include best management practices and procedures necessary to implement applicable effluent limitations and standards. Permitted CAFOs must have their nutrient management plans developed and implemented and be in compliance with the nutrient management plan as a requirement of the permit. The nutrient management plan must, to the extent applicable:

a. Ensure adequate storage of manure, litter, and process wastewater, including procedures to ensure proper operation and maintenance of the storage facilities;

b. Ensure proper management of mortalities (i.e., dead animals) to ensure that they are not disposed of in a liquid manure, storm water, or process wastewater storage or treatment system that is not specifically designed to treat animal mortalities;

c. Ensure that clean water is diverted, as appropriate, from the production area;

d. Prevent direct contact of confined animals with surface waters of the state;

e. Ensure that chemicals and other contaminants handled on site are not disposed of in any manure, litter, process wastewater, or stormwater storage or treatment system unless specifically designed to treat such chemicals and other contaminants;

f. Identify appropriate site specific conservation practices to be implemented, including as appropriate buffers or equivalent practices, to control runoff of pollutants to surface waters of the state;

g. Identify protocols for appropriate testing of manure, litter, process wastewater and soil;

h. Establish protocols to land apply manure, litter or process wastewater in accordance with site specific nutrient management practices that ensure appropriate agricultural utilization of the nutrients in the manure, litter or process wastewater; and

i. Identify specific records that will be maintained to document the implementation and management of the minimum elements described above.

2. Recordkeeping requirements. The permittee must create, maintain for five years, and make available to the director upon request the following records:

a. All applicable records identified pursuant to subdivision 1 i of this subsection;

b. In addition, all CAFOs subject to EPA Effluent Guidelines for Feedlots (40 CFR Part 412) must comply with recordkeeping requirements as specified in 40 CFR 412.37(b) and (c) and 40 CFR 412.47(b) and (c);

A copy of the CAFO's site-specific nutrient management plan must be maintained on site and made available to the director upon request.

3. Requirements relating to transfer of manure or process wastewater to other persons. Prior to transferring manure, litter or process wastewater to other persons, large CAFOs must provide the recipient of the manure, litter or process wastewater with the most current nutrient analysis. The analysis provided must be consistent with the requirements of EPA Effluent Guidelines for Feedlots (40 CFR Part 412). Large CAFOs must retain for five years records of the date, recipient name and address and approximate amount of manure, litter or process wastewater transferred to another person.

4. Annual reporting requirements for CAFOs. The permittee must submit an annual report to the director. The annual report must include:

a. The number and type of animals, whether in open confinement or housed under roof (beef cattle, broilers, layers, swine weighing 55 pounds or more, swine weighing less than 55 pounds, mature dairy cows, dairy heifers, veal calves, sheep and lambs, horses, ducks, turkeys, other);

b. Estimated amount of total manure, litter and process wastewater generated by the CAFO in the previous 12 months (tons/gallons);

c. Estimated amount of total manure, litter and process wastewater transferred to other persons by the CAFO in the previous 12 months (tons/gallons);

d. Total number of acres for land application covered by the nutrient management plan developed in accordance with subdivision 1 of this subsection;

e. Total number of acres under control of the CAFO that were used for land application of manure, litter and process wastewater in the previous 12 months;

f. Summary of all manure, litter and process wastewater discharges from the production area that occurred in the previous 12 months including date, time and approximate volume;

g. A statement indicating whether the current version of the CAFO's nutrient management plan was developed or approved by a certified nutrient management planner; and

h. The actual crop(s) planted and actual yield(s) for each field, the actual nitrogen and phosphorus content of the manure, litter, and process wastewater, the results of calculations conducted in accordance with subdivisions 5 a (2) and 5 b (4) of this subsection, and the amount of manure, litter, and process wastewater applied to each field during the previous 12 months; and, for any CAFO that implements a nutrient management plan that addresses rates of application in accordance with subdivision 5 b of this subsection, the results of any soil testing for nitrogen and phosphorus taken during the preceding 12 months, the data used in calculations conducted in accordance with subdivision 5 b (4) of this subsection, and the amount of any supplemental fertilizer applied during the previous 12 months.

5. Terms of the nutrient management plan. Any permit issued to a CAFO shall require compliance with the terms of the CAFO's site-specific nutrient management plan. The terms of the nutrient management plan are the information, protocols, best management practices, and other conditions in the nutrient management plan determined by the board to be necessary to meet the requirements of subdivision 1 of this subsection. The terms of the nutrient management plan, with respect to protocols for land application of manure, litter, or process wastewater required by subdivision 4 h of this subsection and, as applicable, 40 CFR 412.4(c), shall include the fields available for land application; field-specific rates of application properly developed, as specified in subdivisions 5 a and b of this subsection, to ensure appropriate agricultural utilization of the nutrients in the manure, litter, or process wastewater; and any timing limitations identified in the nutrient management plan concerning land application on the fields available for land application. The terms shall address rates of application using one of the following two approaches, unless the board specifies that only one of these approaches may be used:

a. Linear approach. An approach that expresses rates of application as pounds of nitrogen and phosphorus, according to the following specifications:

(1) The terms include maximum application rates from manure, litter, and process wastewater for each year of permit coverage, for each crop identified in the nutrient management plan, in chemical forms determined to be acceptable to the board, in pounds per acre, per year, for each field to be used for land application, and certain factors necessary to determine such rates. At a minimum, the factors that are terms shall include: the outcome of the field-specific assessment of the potential for nitrogen and phosphorus transport from each field; the crops to be planted in each field or any other uses of a field such as pasture or fallow fields; the realistic yield goal for each crop or use identified for each field; the nitrogen and phosphorus recommendations from sources specified by the board for each crop or use identified for each field; credits for all nitrogen in the field that will be plant available; consideration of multi-year phosphorus application; and accounting for all other additions of plant available nitrogen and phosphorus to the field. In addition, the terms include the form and source of manure, litter, and process wastewater to be land-applied; the timing and method of land application; and the methodology by which the nutrient management plan accounts for the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the manure, litter, and process wastewater to be applied.

(2) Large CAFOs that use this approach shall calculate the maximum amount of manure, litter, and process wastewater to be land applied at least once each year using the results of the most recent representative manure, litter, and process wastewater tests for nitrogen and phosphorus taken within 12 months of the date of land application; or

b. Narrative rate approach. An approach that expresses rates of application as a narrative rate of application that results in the amount, in tons or gallons, of manure, litter, and process wastewater to be land applied, according to the following specifications:

(1) The terms include maximum amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus derived from all sources of nutrients, for each crop identified in the nutrient management plan, in chemical forms determined to be acceptable to the board, in pounds per acre, for each field, and certain factors necessary to determine such amounts. At a minimum, the factors that are terms shall include: the outcome of the field-specific assessment of the potential for nitrogen and phosphorus transport from each field; the crops to be planted in each field or any other uses such as pasture or fallow fields (including alternative crops identified in accordance with subdivision 5 b (2) of this subsection); the realistic yield goal for each crop or use identified for each field; and the nitrogen and phosphorus recommendations from sources specified by the board for each crop or use identified for each field. In addition, the terms include the methodology by which the nutrient management plan accounts for the following factors when calculating the amounts of manure, litter, and process wastewater to be land applied: results of soil tests conducted in accordance with protocols identified in the nutrient management plan, as required by subdivision 1 g of this subsection; credits for all nitrogen in the field that will be plant available; the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the manure, litter, and process wastewater to be applied; consideration of multi-year phosphorus application; accounting for all other additions of plant available nitrogen and phosphorus to the field; the form and source of manure, litter, and process wastewater; the timing and method of land application; and volatilization of nitrogen and mineralization of organic nitrogen.

(2) The terms of the nutrient management plan include alternative crops identified in the CAFO's nutrient management plan that are not in the planned crop rotation. Where a CAFO includes alternative crops in its nutrient management plan, the crops shall be listed by field, in addition to the crops identified in the planned crop rotation for that field, and the nutrient management plan shall include realistic crop yield goals and the nitrogen and phosphorus recommendations from sources specified by the board for each crop. Maximum amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from all sources of nutrients and the amounts of manure, litter, and process wastewater to be applied shall be determined in accordance with the methodology described in subdivision 5 b (1) of this subsection.

(3) For CAFOs using this approach, the following projections shall be included in the nutrient management plan submitted to the board, but are not terms of the nutrient management plan: the CAFO's planned crop rotations for each field for the period of permit coverage; the projected amount of manure, litter, or process wastewater to be applied; projected credits for all nitrogen in the field that will be plant available; consideration of multi-year phosphorus application; accounting for all other additions of plant available nitrogen and phosphorus to the field; and the predicted form, source, and method of application of manure, litter, and process wastewater for each crop. Timing of application for each field, insofar as it concerns the calculation of rates of application, is not a term of the nutrient management plan.

(4) CAFOs that use this approach shall calculate maximum amounts of manure, litter, and process wastewater to be land applied at least once each year using the methodology required in subdivision 5 b (1) of this subsection before land applying manure, litter, and process wastewater and shall rely on the following data:

(a) A field-specific determination of soil levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, including, for nitrogen, a concurrent determination of nitrogen that will be plant available consistent with the methodology required by subdivision 5 b (1) of this subsection, and for phosphorus, the results of the most recent soil test conducted in accordance with soil testing requirements approved by the board; and

(b) The results of most recent representative manure, litter, and process wastewater tests for nitrogen and phosphorus taken within 12 months of the date of land application, in order to determine the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the manure, litter, and process wastewater to be applied.

9VAC25-31-300. Public comments and requests for public hearings.

During the public comment period provided under 9VAC25-31-290, any interested person may submit written comments on the draft permit and may request a public hearing, if no public hearing has already been scheduled. A request for a public hearing shall be in writing and shall state the nature of the issues proposed to be raised in the public hearing, pursuant to the board's Procedural Rule No. 1 (9VAC25-230-10 et seq.) or its successor meet the requirements of § 62.1-44.15:02 B of the Code of Virginia. All comments shall be considered in making the final decision and shall be answered as provided in 9VAC25-31-320.

9VAC25-31-310. Public hearings.

A. 1. The board shall hold a public hearing whenever it finds, on the basis of requests, a significant degree of public interest in a draft permit or permits.

2. The board may also hold a public hearing at its discretion, whenever, for instance, such a hearing might clarify one or more issues involved in the permit decision.

3. Procedures for public hearings and permits before the board are those set forth in § 62.1-44.15:02 of the Code of Virginia.

2. Public notice of the public hearing shall be given as specified in 9VAC25-31-290 of this chapter.

4. 3. Any public hearing convened pursuant to this section shall be held in the geographical area of the proposed discharge, or in another appropriate area. Related groups of permit applications may be considered at any such public hearing.

B. Any person may submit oral or written statements and data concerning the draft permit. Reasonable limits may be set upon the time allowed for oral statements, and the submission of statements in writing may be required. The public comment period for the draft permit shall automatically be extended to the close of any public hearing under this section. The hearing officer may also extend the comment period by so stating at the public hearing.

C. A tape recording or written transcript of the hearing shall be made available to the public.

D. Proceedings at, and the decision from, the public hearing will be governed by the board's Procedural Rule No. 1 (9VAC25-230-10 et seq.) or its successor § 62.1-44.15:02 of the Code of Virginia.

Title of Regulation: 9VAC25-151. General Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (VPDES) Permit for Discharges of Storm Water Associated with Industrial Activity (amending 9VAC25-151-10, 9VAC25-151-20, 9VAC25-151-40 through 9VAC25-151-90, 9VAC25-151-110 through 9VAC25-151-350, 9VAC25-151-370; adding 9VAC25-151-15; repealing 9VAC25-151-65).

Statutory Authority: § 62.1-44.15 of the Code of Virginia; § 402 of the Clean Water Act; 40 CFR Parts 122, 123, and 124.

Effective Date: July 1, 2014.

Agency Contact: Burton R. Tuxford, Department of Environmental Quality, 629 East Main Street, P.O. Box 1105, Richmond, VA 23218, telephone (804) 698-4086, FAX (804) 698-4032, TTY (804) 698-4021, or email burton.tuxford@deq.virginia.gov.

Summary:

This regulatory action reissues the existing Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Industrial Activity Storm Water General Permit (VAR05) that expires on June 30, 2014, and is based primarily on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's 2008 final Multi-Sector General Permit. The general permit establishes permit conditions and monitoring requirements for point source discharges of storm water associated with industrial activity to surface waters. The general permit regulation is reissued to make it available for these facilities to continue to discharge and will be effective for five years beginning July 1, 2014, and expiring June 30, 2019.

9VAC25-151-10. Definitions.

The words and terms used in this chapter shall have the meanings defined in the State Water Control Law (§ 62.1-44.2 et seq. of the Code of Virginia) and the VPDES Permit Regulation (9VAC25-31) unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, except that for the purposes of this chapter:

"Best management practices" or "BMPs" means schedules of activities, practices (and prohibitions of practices), structures, vegetation, maintenance procedures, and other management practices to prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to surface waters. BMPs also include treatment requirements, operating procedures, and practices to control plant site runoff, spillage or leaks, sludge or waste disposal, or drainage from raw material storage.

[ "Board" means the Virginia State Water Control Board or State Water Control Board. ]

"Closed landfill" means a landfill that, on a permanent basis, will no longer receive waste and has completed closure in accordance with applicable federal, state, or local requirements.

"Coal pile runoff" means the rainfall runoff from or through any coal storage pile.

"Colocated industrial activity" means when a facility has any industrial activities being conducted activity, excluding the facility's primary industrial activity, located on-site that are described under more than one of the industrial sectors of 9VAC25-151-90 through 9VAC25-151-370 meets the description of a category included in the "industrial activity" definition. An activity at a facility is not considered colocated if the activity, when considered separately, does not meet the description of a category included in the "industrial activity" definition or identified by the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code list in Table 50-2 in 9VAC25-151-50.

"Commercial treatment and disposal facilities" means facilities that receive, on a commercial basis, any produced hazardous waste (not their own) and treat or dispose of those wastes as a service to the generators. Such facilities treating or disposing exclusively residential hazardous wastes are not included in this definition.

"Control measure" means any best management practice or other method (including effluent limitations) used to prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to surface waters.

"Department" or "DEQ" means the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality.

"Director" means the Director of the Department of Environmental Quality or an authorized representative.

"Existing discharger" means an operator applying for coverage under this permit for discharges authorized previously under a VPDES general or individual permit.

"Impaired water" means a water is impaired, for purposes of this chapter if it, a water that has been identified by Virginia pursuant to § 303(d) of the Clean Water Act as not meeting applicable water quality standards (these waters are called "water quality limited segments" under 40 CFR 30.2(j)). Impaired waters include both waters with approved or established TMDLs, and those for which a TMDL has not yet been approved or established.

"Inactive landfill" means a landfill that, on a permanent basis, will no longer receive waste and has completed closure in accordance with any applicable federal, state, or local requirements.

"Industrial activity" - the following categories of facilities are considered to be engaging in "industrial activity":

(1) 1. Facilities subject to storm water effluent limitations guidelines, new source performance standards, or toxic pollutant effluent standards under 40 CFR Subchapter N (2007) (except facilities with toxic pollutant effluent standards which are exempted under category (10) of this definition);

(2) 2. Facilities classified as Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) 24 (except 2434), 26 (except 265 and 267), 28 (except 283 and 285), 29, 311, 32 (except 323), 33, 3441, and 373 (Office of Management and Budget (OMB) SIC Manual, 1987);

(3) 3. Facilities classified as SIC 10 through 14 (mineral industry) (OMB SIC Manual, 1987) including active or inactive mining operations (except for areas of coal mining operations no longer meeting the definition of a reclamation area under 40 CFR 434.11(l) (2007) because the performance bond issued to the facility by the appropriate Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA) (30 USC § 1201 et seq.) authority has been released, or except for areas of noncoal mining operations which have been released from applicable state or federal reclamation requirements after December 17, 1990) and oil and gas exploration, production, processing, or treatment operations, or transmission facilities that discharge storm water contaminated by contact with or that has come into contact with, any overburden, raw material, intermediate products, finished products, byproducts or waste products located on the site of such operations; (inactive mining operations are mining sites that are not being actively mined, but which have an identifiable owner/operator; inactive mining sites do not include sites where mining claims are being maintained prior to disturbances associated with the extraction, benefication, or processing of mined materials, nor sites where minimal activities are undertaken for the sole purpose of maintaining a mining claim);

(4) 4. Hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facilities, including those that are operating under interim status or a permit under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) (42 USC § 6901 et seq.);

(5) 5. Landfills, land application sites, and open dumps that receive or have received any industrial wastes (waste that is received from any of the facilities described under this definition, and debris/wastes from Department of Conservation and Recreation [ Virginia Stormwater Management Program (VSMP) VPDES ] regulated construction activities/sites) including those that are subject to regulation under Subtitle D of RCRA;

(6) 6. Facilities involved in the recycling of materials, including metal scrapyards, battery reclaimers, salvage yards, and automobile junkyards, including but limited to those classified as Standard Industrial Classification Codes 5015 and 5093 (OMB SIC Manual, 1987);

(7) 7. Steam electric power generating facilities, including coal handling sites;

(8) 8. Transportation facilities classified as SIC Codes 40, 41, 42 (except 4221-4225), 43, 44, 45, and 5171 (OMB SIC Manual, 1987) which have vehicle maintenance shops, equipment cleaning operations, or airport deicing operations. Only those portions of the facility that are either involved in vehicle maintenance (including vehicle rehabilitation, mechanical repairs, painting, fueling, and lubrication), equipment cleaning operation, airport deicing operation, or which are otherwise identified under categories 1 through 7 or 9 and 10 of this definition are associated with industrial activity;

(9) 9. Treatment works treating domestic sewage or any other sewage sludge or wastewater treatment device or system used in the storage treatment, recycling, and reclamation of municipal or domestic sewage, including land dedicated to the disposal of sewage sludge that is located within the confines of the facility, with a design flow of 1.0 MGD or more, or required to have an approved POTW pretreatment program under 9VAC25-31. Not included are farm lands, domestic gardens or lands used for sludge management where sludge is beneficially reused and which are not physically located in the confines of the facility, or areas that are in compliance with 9VAC25-31-420 through 9VAC25-31- 720;

(10) 10. Facilities under SIC Codes 20, 21, 22, 23, 2434, 25, 265, 267, 27, 283, 285, 30, 31 (except 311), 323, 34 (except 3441), 35, 36, 37 (except 373), 38, 39, 4221-4225 (OMB SIC Manual, 1987).

"Industrial storm water" means storm water runoff associated with the definition of "storm water discharge associated with from industrial activity."

"Land application unit" means an area where wastes are applied onto or incorporated into the soil surface (excluding manure spreading operations) for treatment or disposal.

"Landfill" means an area of land or an excavation in which wastes are placed for permanent disposal, and that is not a land application unit, surface impoundment, injection well, or waste pile.

"Large and medium municipal separate storm sewer system" means all municipal separate storm sewers that are located in the following municipalities: the City of Norfolk; the City of Virginia Beach; Fairfax County; the City of Chesapeake; the City of Hampton; Prince William County; Arlington County; Chesterfield County; Henrico County; the City of Newport News; and the City of Portsmouth.

"Measurable storm event" means a storm event that results in an actual discharge from a site.

"Minimize" means reduce or eliminate to the extent achievable using control measures (including best management practices) that are technologically available and economically practicable and achievable in light of best industry practice.

"MS4" means a municipal separate storm sewer system.

"Municipal separate storm sewer" means a conveyance or system of conveyances (including roads with drainage systems, municipal streets, catch basins, curbs, gutters, ditches, man-made channels, or storm drains): (i) owned or operated by a state, city, town, borough, county, parish, district, association, or other public body (created by or pursuant to state law) having jurisdiction over disposal of sewage, industrial wastes, storm water, or other wastes, including special districts under state law such as a sewer district, flood control district or drainage district, or similar entity, or an Indian tribe or an authorized Indian tribal organization, or a designated and approved management agency under § 208 of the CWA that discharges to surface waters of the state; (ii) designed or used for collecting or conveying storm water; (iii) which is not a combined sewer; and (iv) which is not part of a Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW).

"No exposure" means all industrial materials or activities are protected by a storm-resistant shelter to prevent exposure to rain, snow, snowmelt, and/or or runoff.

"Primary industrial activity" includes any activities performed on-site which are:

1. Identified by the facility's primary SIC code; or

2. Included in the narrative descriptions of the definition of "industrial activity."

Narrative descriptions in the "industrial activity" definition include: category 1 activities subject to stormwater effluent limitations guidelines, new source performance standards, or toxic pollutant effluent standards; category 4 hazardous waste treatment storage or disposal facilities, including those that are operating under interim status or a permit under subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RCRA; category 5 landfills, land application sites, and open dumps that receive or have received industrial wastes; category 7 steam electric power generating facilities; and category 9 sewage treatment works with a design flow of 1.0 mgd or more.

For colocated activities covered by multiple SIC codes, the primary industrial determination should be based on the value of receipts or revenues, or, if such information is not available for a particular facility, the number of employees or production rate for each process may be compared. The operation that generates the most revenue or employs the most personnel is the operation in which the facility is primarily engaged. In situations where the vast majority of on-site activity falls within one SIC code, that activity may be the primary industrial activity.

"Runoff coefficient" means the fraction of total rainfall that will appear at the conveyance as runoff.

"Section 313 water priority chemicals" means a chemical or chemical categories which: (i) are listed at 40 CFR 372.65 (2007) pursuant to § 313 of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) (also known as Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) of 1986) (42 USC § 11001 et seq.); (ii) are present at or above threshold levels at a facility subject to EPCRA § 313 reporting requirements; and (iii) that meet at least one of the following criteria: (a) are listed in Appendix D of 40 CFR Part 122 (2007) on either Table II (Organic priority pollutants), Table III (Certain metals, cyanides and phenols) or Table V (Certain toxic pollutants and hazardous substances); (b) are listed as a hazardous substance pursuant to § 311(b)(2)(A) of the Clean Water Act at 40 CFR 116.4 (2007); or (c) are pollutants for which EPA has published acute or chronic water quality criteria.

"Significant materials" includes, but is not limited to: raw materials; fuels; materials such as solvents, detergents, and plastic pellets; finished materials such as metallic products; raw materials used in food processing or production; hazardous substances designated under § 101(14) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) (42 USC § 9601 et seq.); any chemical the facility is required to report pursuant to EPCRA § 313; fertilizers; pesticides; and waste products such as ashes, slag and sludge that have the potential to be released with storm water discharges.

"Significant spills" includes, but is not limited to: releases of oil or hazardous substances in excess of reportable quantities under § 311 of the Clean Water Act (see 40 CFR 110.10 (2007) and 40 CFR 117.21 (2007))) or § 102 of CERCLA (see 40 CFR 302.4 (2007))).

[ "Site" means the land or water area where any facility or activity is physically located or conducted, including adjacent land used in connection with the facility or activity. ]

"Small municipal separate storm sewer system" or "Small MS4" means all separate storm sewers that are: (i) owned or operated by the United States, a state, city, town, borough, county, parish, district, association, or other public body (created by or pursuant to state law) having jurisdiction over disposal of sewage, industrial wastes, storm water, or other wastes, including special districts under state law such as a sewer district, flood control district or drainage district, or similar entity, or an Indian tribe or an authorized Indian tribal organization, or a designated and approved management agency under subsection 208 of the CWA that discharges to surface waters and (ii) not defined as "large" or "medium" municipal separate storm sewer systems, or designated under 9VAC25-31-120 A 1. This term includes systems similar to separate storm sewer systems in municipalities, such as systems at military bases, large hospital or prison complexes, and highways and other thoroughfares. The term does not include separate storm sewers in very discrete areas, such as individual buildings.

"Storm water" means storm water runoff, snow melt runoff, and surface runoff and drainage.

"Storm water discharge associated with industrial activity" means the discharge from any conveyance which is used for collecting and conveying storm water and that is directly related to manufacturing, processing or raw materials storage areas at an industrial plant. The term does not include discharges from facilities or activities excluded from the VPDES program under 9VAC25-31. For the categories of industries identified in the "industrial activity" definition, the term includes, but is not limited to, storm water discharges from industrial plant yards; immediate access roads and rail lines used or traveled by carriers of raw materials, manufactured products, waste material, or by-products used or created by the facility; material handling sites; refuse sites; sites used for the application or disposal of process wastewaters; sites used for the storage and maintenance of material handling equipment; sites used for residual treatment, storage, or disposal; shipping and receiving areas; manufacturing buildings; storage areas (including tank farms) for raw materials, and intermediate and final products; and areas where industrial activity has taken place in the past and significant materials remain and are exposed to storm water. For the purposes of this definition, material handling activities include the storage, loading and unloading, transportation, or conveyance of any raw material, intermediate product, final product, by-product or waste product. The term excludes areas located on plant lands separate from the plant's industrial activities, such as office buildings and accompanying parking lots, as long as the drainage from the excluded areas is not mixed with storm water drained from the above described areas. Industrial facilities include those that are federally, state, or municipally owned or operated that meet the description of the facilities listed in the "industrial activity" definition. The term also includes those facilities designated under the provisions of 9VAC25-31-120 A 1 c, or under 9VAC25-31-120 A 7 a (1) or (2) of the VPDES Permit Regulation.

"Total maximum daily load" or "TMDL" means a calculation of the maximum amount of a pollutant that a waterbody can receive and still meet water quality standards, and an allocation of that amount to the pollutant's sources. A TMDL includes wasteload allocations (WLAs) for point source discharges, load allocations (LAs) for nonpoint sources and/or natural background, and must include a margin of safety (MOS) and account for seasonal variations.

"Virginia Environmental Excellence Program" or "VEEP" means a voluntary program established by the department to provide public recognition and regulatory incentives to encourage higher levels of environmental performance for program participants that develop and implement environmental management systems (EMSs). The program is based on the use of EMSs that improve compliance, prevent pollution, and utilize other measures to improve environmental performance.

"Waste pile" means any noncontainerized accumulation of solid, nonflowing waste that is used for treatment or storage.

9VAC25-151-15. Applicability of incorporated references based on the dates that they became effective.

Except as noted, when a regulation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency set forth in Title 40 CFR is referenced and incorporated herein, that regulation shall be as it exists and has been published as of July 1, [ 2012 2013 ].

9VAC25-151-20. Purpose.

This general permit regulation governs all new and existing storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from facilities in any of the industrial activity categories defined in 9VAC25-151-10 (Definitions), through a point source to surface waters, or through a municipal or nonmunicipal separate storm sewer system to surface waters. This regulation also governs storm water discharges designated by the board for permitting under the provisions of 9VAC25-31-120 A 1 c, or under 9VAC25-31-120 A 7 a (1) or (2) of the VPDES Permit Regulation.

9VAC25-151-40. Effective date of the permit.

This general permit will become effective on July 1, 2009 2014. This general permit will expire on June 30, 2014 2019.

9VAC25-151-50. Authorization to discharge.

A. To be eligible to discharge under this permit, an owner must (i) have a stormwater discharge associated with industrial activity from the facility's primary industrial activity, as defined in 9VAC25-151-10 (Definitions), provided the primary industrial activity is included in Table 50-2 of this section, or (ii) be notified that discharges from the facility have been designated by the board for permitting under the provisions of 9VAC25-31-120 A 1 c, or under 9VAC25-31-120 A 7 a (1) or (2) of the VPDES Permit Regulation, and are eligible for coverage under Sector AD of this permit.

Any owner governed by this general permit is hereby authorized to discharge storm water associated with industrial activity (as defined in this regulation), as defined in this chapter, to surface waters of the Commonwealth of Virginia provided that the:

1. The owner files the submits a registration statement of in accordance with 9VAC25-151-60, pays any fees and that registration statement is accepted by the board;

2. The owner submits the required by 9VAC25-20, receives a copy of the general permit, and permit fee;

3. The owner complies with the applicable requirements of 9VAC25-151-70 et seq.; and provided that:

4. The board has not notified the owner that the discharge is ineligible for coverage in accordance with subsection B of this section.

B. The board will notify an owner that the discharge is not eligible for coverage under this general permit in the event of any of the following:

1. The owner is required to obtain an individual permit in accordance with 9VAC25-31-170 B 3 of the VPDES Permit Regulation;

2. The owner is proposing to discharge to state waters specifically named in other board regulations that prohibit such discharges;

3. The discharge violates or would violate the antidegradation policy in the Water Quality Standards at 9VAC25-260-30; or

4. The discharge is not consistent with the assumptions and requirements of an approved TMDL. Note: Virginia's [ Phase I ] Chesapeake Bay TMDL Watershed Implementation Plan (November 29, 2010) [ requires states ] that waste loads [ for future growth ] for new facilities in the Chesapeake Bay watershed with industrial stormwater discharges [ not cannot ] exceed the nutrient and sediment loadings that were discharged prior to the land being developed for the [ new ] industrial activity. For purposes of this permit regulation, facilities [ constructed that commence construction ] after [ November 29, 2010 June 30, 2014 ], must be consistent with this requirement to be eligible for coverage under this general permit.

C. 1. Facilities with colocated industrial activities on-site shall comply with all applicable effluent limitations, monitoring and pollution prevention plan requirements of each section of 9VAC25-151-70 et seq. in which a colocated industrial activity is described;.

2. Storm water discharges associated with industrial activity that are mixed with other discharges (both storm water and nonstorm water) requiring a VPDES permit are authorized by this permit, provided that the owner obtains coverage under this VPDES general permit for the industrial activity discharges, and a VPDES general or individual permit for the other discharges. The owner shall comply with the terms and requirements of each permit obtained that authorizes any component of the discharge;.

3. The storm water discharges authorized by this permit may be combined with other sources of storm water which are not required to be covered under a VPDES permit, so long as the combined discharge is in compliance with this permit; and.

4. Authorized nonstorm water discharges. The following "nonstorm water" discharges are authorized by this permit:

a. Discharges from fire fighting activities;

b. Fire hydrant flushings;

c. Potable water, including water line flushings;

d. Uncontaminated air conditioning or compressor condensate (excluding air compressors) condensate from air conditioners, coolers, and other compressors and from the outside storage of refrigerated gases or liquids;

e. Irrigation drainage;

f. Landscape watering provided all pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizer have been applied in accordance with manufacturer's instructions the approved labeling;

g. Pavement wash waters where no detergents are used and no spills or leaks of toxic or hazardous materials have occurred (unless all spilled material has been removed);

h. Routine external building wash down washdown that does not use detergents;

i. Uncontaminated ground water or spring water;

j. Foundation or footing drains where flows are not contaminated with process materials; and

k. Incidental windblown mist from cooling towers that collects on rooftops or adjacent portions of the facility, but not intentional discharges from the cooling tower (e.g., "piped" cooling tower blowdown or drains).

5. Storm water discharges associated with construction activity that are regulated under [ the Virginia Stormwater Management Program (VSMP) a VPDES permit ] are not authorized by this permit.

6. Discharges subject to storm water effluent limitation guidelines under 40 CFR Subchapter N (Effluent Guidelines and Standards). Only those storm water discharges subject to storm water effluent limitation guidelines under 40 CFR Subchapter N that are identified in Table 50-1 of this subsection are eligible for coverage under this permit.

TABLE 50 - 1 STORM WATER-SPECIFIC EFFLUENT LIMITATION GUIDELINES.
Effluent Limitation Guideline	Sectors with Affected Facilities
Runoff from material storage piles at cement manufacturing facilities (40 CFR Part 411 Subpart C (established February 20, 1974))	E
Contaminated runoff from phosphate fertilizer manufacturing facilities (40 CFR Part 418 Subpart A (established April 8, 1974))	C
Coal pile runoff at steam electric generating facilities (40 CFR Part 423 (established November 19, 1982))	O
Discharges resulting from spray down or intentional wetting of logs at wet deck storage areas (40 CFR Part 429 Subpart I (established January 26, 1981))	A
Runoff from asphalt emulsion facilities (40 CFR Part 443 Subpart A (established July 24, 1975))	D
Runoff from landfills (40 CFR Part 445 Subparts A and B (established January 19, 2000))	K and L
Discharges from airport deicing operations, (40 CFR Part 449 (established May 16, 2012))	S

7. Permit eligibility is limited to discharges from facilities in the "sectors" of industrial activity summarized in Table 50-2 of this subsection. These sector descriptions are based on Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Codes and Industrial Activity Codes. References to "sectors" in this permit (e.g., sector-specific monitoring requirements) refer to these groupings.

B. Limitations on coverage.

1. The owner shall not be authorized to discharge under this general permit if the owner has been required to obtain an individual permit pursuant to 9VAC25-31-170 B;

2. The owner shall not be authorized by this general permit to discharge to state waters specifically named in other board regulations or policies which prohibit such discharges;

3. The following storm water discharges associated with industrial activity are not authorized by this permit:

a. Discharges that are located at a facility where a VPDES permit has been terminated (other than at the request of the permittee) or denied;

b. Discharges that the director determines cause, or may reasonably be expected to cause, or be contributing to a violation of a water quality standard;

c. Discharges subject to effluent limitation guidelines, not described under 9VAC25-151-70, Table 70-2;

d. Discharges to waters for which a "total maximum daily load" (TMDL) allocation has been established by the board and approved by EPA prior to the term of this permit, unless the owner develops, implements, and maintains a storm water pollution prevention plan (SWPPP) that is consistent with the assumptions and requirements of the TMDL. This only applies where the facility is a source of the TMDL pollutant of concern. The SWPPP shall specifically address any conditions or requirements included in the TMDL that are applicable to discharges from the facility. If the TMDL establishes a specific numeric wasteload allocation that applies to discharges from the facility, the owner shall implement BMPs designed to meet that allocation;

e. New dischargers that discharge to impaired waters for which a TMDL has not been established by the board and approved by EPA unless:

(1) The discharger prevents all exposure to stormwater of the pollutant(s) for which the waterbody is impaired, and retains documentation of the procedures taken to prevent exposure onsite with the SWPPP required by 9VAC25-151-70;

(2) The discharger documents that the pollutant(s) for which the waterbody is impaired is not present at the site, and retains documentation of this finding with the SWPPP required by 9VAC25-151-70; or

(3) Prior to submitting a registration statement, the discharger provides to the appropriate DEQ regional office data to support a showing that the discharge is not expected to cause or contribute to an exceedance of a water quality standard. The discharger shall provide data and other technical information to the regional office sufficient to demonstrate that the discharge of the pollutant for which the water is impaired will meet in-stream water quality criteria at the point of discharge to the waterbody. The discharges from the facility are authorized under this permit if the discharger receives an affirmative determination from the regional office that the discharges will not contribute to the existing impairment. The discharger shall maintain the supporting data and the regional office determination onsite with the SWPPP required by 9VAC25-151-70; and

f. Discharges that do not comply with Virginia's antidegradation policy for water quality standards under 9VAC25-260-30. If authorization to discharge under this general permit will not comply with the antidegradation requirements, an individual permit application may be required to allow a discharge that meets the requirements for high quality waters in 9VAC25-260-30 A 2, or permits may be denied to meet the requirements for exceptional waters in 9VAC25-260-30 A 3.

4. Facilities covered. Permit eligibility is limited to discharges from facilities in the "sectors" of industrial activity based on Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes and Industrial Activity codes summarized in Table 50‑1. References to "sectors" in this permit refer to these sectors.

5. Storm water discharges associated with construction activity that are regulated under the Department of Conservation and Recreation VSMP permit program are not authorized by this permit.

TABLE 50‑1 2 SECTORS OF INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY COVERED BY THIS PERMIT.
SIC Code or Activity Code		Activity Represented
Sector A: Timber Products
2411		Log Storage and Handling (Wet (wet deck storage areas are only authorized if no chemical additives are used in the spray water or applied to the logs).
2421		General Sawmills and Planning Mills.
2426		Hardwood Dimension and Flooring Mills.
2429		Special Product Sawmills, Not Elsewhere Classified.
2431-2439 (except 2434 - see Sector W)		Millwork, Veneer, Plywood, and Structural Wood.
2441, 2448, 2449		Wood Containers.
2451, 2452		Wood Buildings and Mobile Homes.
2491		Wood Preserving.
2493		Reconstituted Wood Products.
2499		Wood Products, Not Elsewhere Classified (includes SIC Code 24991303 - Wood, Mulch and Bark facilities).
Sector B: Paper and Allied Products
2611		Pulp Mills.
2621		Paper Mills.
2631		Paperboard Mills.
2652-2657		Paperboard Containers and Boxes.
2671-2679		Converted Paper and Paperboard Products, Except except Containers and Boxes.
Sector C: Chemical and Allied Products
2812-2819		Industrial Inorganic Chemicals.
2821-2824		Plastics Materials and Synthetic Resins, Synthetic Rubber, Cellulosic and Other Manmade Fibers, Except except Glass.
2833-2836		Medicinal Chemicals and Botanical Products; Pharmaceutical Preparations; In Vitro and In Vivo Diagnostic Substances; Biological Products, Except except Diagnostic Substances.
2841-2844		Soaps, Detergents, and Cleaning Preparations; Perfumes, Cosmetics, and Other Toilet Preparations.
2851		Paints, Varnishes, Lacquers, Enamels, and Allied Products.
2861-2869		Industrial Organic Chemicals.
2873-2879		Agricultural Chemicals (includes SIC Code 2875 - Composting Facilities).
2891-2899		Miscellaneous Chemical Products.
3952 (limited to list)		Inks and Paints, Including China Painting Enamels, India Ink, Drawing Ink, Platinum Paints for Burnt Wood or Leather Work, Paints for China Painting, Artist's Paints and Artist's Watercolors.
Sector D: Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials and Lubricants
2951, 2952		Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials.
2992, 2999		Miscellaneous Products of Petroleum and Coal.
Sector E: Glass Clay, Cement, Concrete, and Gypsum Products.
3211		Flat Glass.
3221, 3229		Glass and Glassware, Pressed or Blown.
3231		Glass Products Made of Purchased Glass.
3241		Hydraulic Cement.
3251-3259		Structural Clay Products.
3261-3269		Pottery and Related Products.
3274, 3275		Concrete, Gypsum and Plaster Products, Except: Concrete Block and Brick; Concrete Products, Except except Block and Brick; and Ready-mixed Ready-Mixed Concrete Facilities (SIC 3271-3273).
3281		Cut Stone and Stone Products
3291-3299		Abrasive, Asbestos, and Miscellaneous Non-metallic Non-Metallic Mineral Products.
Sector F: Primary Metals
3312-3317		Steel Works, Blast Furnaces, and Rolling and Finishing Mills.
3321-3325		Iron and Steel Foundries.
3331-3339		Primary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metals.
3341		Secondary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metals.
3351-3357		Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding of Nonferrous Metals.
3363-3369		Nonferrous Foundries (Castings).
3398, 3399		Miscellaneous Primary Metal Products.
Sector G: Metal Mining (Ore Mining and Dressing)
1011		Iron Ores.
1021		Copper Ores.
1031		Lead and Zinc Ores.
1041, 1044		Gold and Silver Ores.
1061		Ferroalloy Ores, Except Vanadium.
1081		Metal Mining Services.
1094, 1099		Miscellaneous Metal Ores.
Sector H: Coal Mines and Coal Mining Related Facilities
1221-1241		Coal Mines and Coal Mining-Related Facilities.
Sector I: Oil and Gas Extraction and Refining
1311		Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas.
1321		Natural Gas Liquids.
1381-1389		Oil and Gas Field Services.
2911		Petroleum Refineries.
Sector J: Mineral Mining and Dressing Facilities (SIC 1411-1499) are not authorized under this permit.
Sector K: Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, or Disposal Facilities
	HZ	Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage or Disposal.
Sector L: Landfills and Land Application Sites
	LF	Landfills, Land Application Sites, and Open Dumps.
Sector M: Automobile Salvage Yards
	5015	Automobile Salvage Yards.
Sector N: Scrap Recycling Facilities
	5093	Scrap Recycling Facilities.
	4499 (limited to list)	Dismantling Ships, Marine Salvaging, and Marine Wrecking - Ships For for Scrap.
Sector O: Steam Electric Generating Facilities
	SE	Steam Electric Generating Facilities.
Sector P: Land Transportation and Warehousing
	4011, 4013	Railroad Transportation.
	4111-4173	Local and Highway Passenger Transportation.
	4212-4231	Motor Freight Transportation and Warehousing.
	4311	United States Postal Service.
	5171	Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals.
Sector Q: Water Transportation
	4412-4499 (except 4499 facilities as specified in Sector N)	Water Transportation.
Sector R: Ship and Boat Building or Repairing Yards
	3731, 3732	Ship and Boat Building or Repairing Yards.
Sector S: Air Transportation
	4512-4581	Air Transportation Facilities.
Sector T: Treatment Works
	TW	Treatment Works.
Sector U: Food and Kindred Products
	2011-2015	Meat Products.
	2021-2026	Dairy Products.
	2032-2038	Canned, Frozen, and Preserved Fruits, Vegetables, and Food Specialties.
	2041-2048	Grain Mill Products.
	2051-2053	Bakery Products.
	2061-2068	Sugar and Confectionery Products.
	2074-2079	Fats and Oils.
	2082-2087	Beverages.
	2091-2099	Miscellaneous Food Preparations and Kindred Products.
	2111-2141	Tobacco Products.
Sector V: Textile Mills, Apparel, and Other Fabric Product Manufacturing, Leather and Leather Products
	2211-2299	Textile Mill Products.
	2311-2399	Apparel and Other Finished Products Made From from Fabrics and Similar Materials.
	3131-3199 (except 3111 - see Sector Z)	Leather and Leather Products, except Leather Tanning and Finishing.
Sector W: Furniture and Fixtures
	2434	Wood Kitchen Cabinets.
	2511-2599	Furniture and Fixtures.
Sector X: Printing and Publishing
	2711-2796	Printing, Publishing, and Allied Industries.
Sector Y: Rubber, Miscellaneous Plastic Products, and Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries.
	3011	Tires and Inner Tubes.
	3021	Rubber and Plastics Footwear.
	3052, 3053	Gaskets, Packing, and Sealing Devices and Rubber and Plastics Hose and Belting.
	3061, 3069	Fabricated Rubber Products, Not Elsewhere Classified.
	3081-3089	Miscellaneous Plastics Products.
	3931	Musical Instruments.
	3942-3949	Dolls, Toys, Games, and Sporting and Athletic Goods.
	3951-3955 (except 3952 facilities as specified in Sector C)	Pens, Pencils, and Other Artists' Materials.
	3961, 3965	Costume Jewelry, Costume Novelties, Buttons, and Miscellaneous Notions, Except Precious Metal.
	3991-3999	Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries.
Sector Z: Leather Tanning and Finishing
	3111	Leather Tanning, Currying, and Finishing.
Sector AA: Fabricated Metal Products
	3411–3499	Fabricated Metal Products, Except except Machinery and Transportation Equipment.
	3911–3915	Jewelry, Silverware, and Plated Ware
Sector AB: Transportation Equipment, Industrial or Commercial Machinery
	3511-3599 (except 3571-3579 - see Sector AC)	Industrial and Commercial Machinery (Except (except Computer and Office Equipment).
	3711-3799 (except 3731, 3732 - see Sector R)	Transportation Equipment (Except (except Ship and Boat Building and Repairing).
Sector AC: Electronic, Electrical, Photographic, and Optical Goods
	3571-3579	Computer and Office Equipment.
	3612-3699	Electronic, and Other Electrical Equipment and Components, Except except Computer Equipment.
	3812-3873	Measuring, Analyzing, and Controlling Instrument Instruments; Photographic, Medical, and Optical Goods; Watches and Clocks.
Sector AD: Nonclassified Facilities/Storm Water Discharges Designated By by the Board As as Requiring Permits
	N/A	Other Storm Water Discharges Designated By by the Board As Needing a Permit (see for Permitting under the Provisions of 9VAC25-31-120 A 1 c)c, or Any Facility Discharging Storm Water Associated With Industrial Activity Not Described By Any of Sectors A-AC under 9VAC25-31-120 A 7 a (1) or (2) of the VPDES Permit Regulation.
		Note: Facilities may not elect to be covered under Sector AD. Only the board may assign a facility to Sector AD.

C. D. Conditional exclusion for no exposure. If an Any owner is covered by this permit, but later is able to file a no exposure certification to be excluded who becomes eligible for a no exposure exclusion from permitting under 9VAC25-31-120 E, the owner is no longer authorized by nor required to comply with this permit. If the owner is no longer required to have permit coverage due to a no exposure exclusion, may file a no exposure certification. Upon submission and acceptance by the board of a complete and accurate no exposure certification, the permit requirements no longer apply, and the owner is not required to submit a notice of termination. A no exposure certification must be submitted to the board once every five years.

D. Receipt of E. Compliance with this general permit constitutes compliance with the federal Clean Water Act and the State Water Control Law, with the exceptions stated in 9VAC25-31-60 of the VPDES Permit Regulation. Approval for coverage under this general permit does not relieve any owner of the responsibility to comply with any other applicable federal, state, or local statute, ordinance, or regulation.

F. Continuation of permit coverage.

1. Any owner that was authorized to discharge under the industrial activity storm water general permit issued in 2009 and that submits a complete registration statement [ on or ] before July 1, 2014, is authorized to continue to discharge under the terms of the 2009 general permit until such time as the board either:

a. Issues coverage to the owner under this general permit; or

b. Notifies the owner that the discharge is not eligible for coverage under this general permit.

2. When the owner that was covered under the expiring or expired general permit has violated or is violating the conditions of that permit, the board may choose to do any or all of the following:

a. Initiate enforcement action based upon the 2009 general permit;

b. Issue a notice of intent to deny coverage under the reissued general permit. If the general permit coverage is denied, the owner would then be required to cease the discharges authorized by administratively continued coverage under the terms of the 2009 general permit or be subject to enforcement action for discharging without a permit;

c. Issue an individual permit with appropriate conditions; or

d. Take other actions authorized by the VPDES Permit Regulation (9VAC25-31).

9VAC25-151-60. Registration statement and Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP).

A. The owner of a facility with storm water discharges associated with industrial activity who is proposing to be covered by this general permit shall submit a VPDES general permit registration statement in accordance with this chapter. An owner seeking coverage under this general permit shall submit a complete VPDES general permit registration statement in accordance with this section, which shall serve as a notice of intent for coverage under the general VPDES permit for discharges of storm water associated with industrial activity.

Owners of facilities that were covered Any owner that was authorized to discharge under the 2004 Industrial Storm Water General Permit who intend industrial storm water general permit that became effective on July 1, 2009, and that intends to continue coverage under this general permit shall review and update the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) to meet all provisions of the general permit (9VAC25-151-70 et seq.) by October 1, 2009 within 90 days of the board granting coverage under this permit. Owners of new facilities, facilities previously covered by an expiring individual permit, and existing facilities not currently covered by a VPDES permit who wish to obtain coverage under this general permit shall prepare and implement a written SWPPP for the facility in accordance with the general permit (9VAC25-151-70 et seq.) prior to submitting the registration statement.

B. Deadlines for submitting registration statement statements.

1. Existing facilities.

a. Owners of facilities that were covered Any owner that was authorized to discharge under the 2004 Industrial Storm Water General Permit who intend industrial storm water general permit that became effective on July 1, 2009, and that intends to continue coverage under this general permit shall submit a complete registration statement prior to July 1, 2009 to the board on or before May 2, 2014.

b. Owners of facilities previously covered by an expiring Any owner covered by an individual VPDES permit for storm water discharges associated with industrial activity may elect that is proposing to be covered under this general permit by submitting shall submit a complete registration statement at least 30 240 days prior to the expiration date of the individual VPDES permit.

c. Owners Any owner of an existing facilities facility with storm water discharges associated with industrial activity, not currently covered by a VPDES permit, who intend to obtain coverage that is proposing to be covered under this general permit for storm water discharges associated with industrial activity shall submit a complete registration statement to the board.

2. New facilities. Owners of new facilities who wish to obtain coverage under this general permit Any owner proposing a new discharge of storm water associated with industrial activity shall submit a complete registration statement at least 30 60 days prior to the date planned for the commencement of the industrial activity at the facility.

[ 3. New owners of existing facilities. Where the owner of an existing facility that is covered by this permit changes, the new owner of the facility shall submit a complete registration statement ] or a "Change of Ownership" form [ within 30 days of the ownership change. ]

4. Late notifications. An owner of a storm water discharge associated with industrial activity is not precluded from submitting a registration statement after the applicable dates provided in subdivisions 1 through 3 of this subsection. If a late registration statement is submitted, the owner is only authorized for discharges that occur after permit coverage is granted. The department reserves the right to take appropriate enforcement actions for any unpermitted discharges.

5. Additional notification for discharges to municipal separate storm sewer systems. Where the discharge of storm water associated with industrial activity is through a municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4), the owner shall notify the operator of the municipal system receiving the discharge and submit a copy of their registration statement to the municipal system operator.

[ 3. 4. ] Late registration statements. Registration statements for existing facilities covered under subdivision 1 a of this subsection will be accepted after [ July 1, June 30, ] 2014, but authorization to discharge will not be retroactive. Owners described in subdivision 1 a of this subsection that submit registration statements after May 2, 2014, are authorized to discharge under the provisions of 9VAC25-151-50 F (Continuation of permit coverage) if a complete registration statement is submitted [ on or ] before July 1, 2014.

C. Registration statement contents. The required registration statement shall contain the following information:

1. Name, mailing address, email address (where available), and telephone number of the:

a. Property Facility owner of the site; and

b. Operator applying for permit coverage (if different than subdivision 1 a of this subsection) the facility owner);

c. Responsible party requesting permit coverage, and who will be legally responsible for compliance with this permit;

2. Name Facility name [ (or other identifier) ], street address, county (or city), contact name, email address (where available), and phone number for the facility for which the registration statement is submitted, and FAX number (where available);

3. Facility ownership status: federal, state, public or private The nature of the business;

4. Name(s) of the receiving water(s) that storm water is discharged into The receiving waters of the industrial activity discharges;

5. A statement indicating if storm water runoff is discharged to a municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4). Provide the name of the MS4 operator if applicable Whether the facility discharges, or will discharge, to an MS4. If so, provide the name of the MS4 owner. (Note: Permit special condition [ #12 13 ] requires the permittee to notify the MS4 owner in writing of the existence of the discharge within 30 days of coverage under this permit. The notification shall include the following information: the name of the facility, a contact person and phone number, the location of the discharge, the nature of the discharge, and the facility's VPDES general permit registration number);

6. VPDES The permit numbers number for all permits any existing VPDES permit assigned to the facility (including coverage under the 2004 Industrial Storm Water General Permit);

7. Whether an SWPPP has been prepared prior to submitting this registration statement by the owner of a new facility, a facility previously covered by an expiring individual permit, or an existing facility not currently covered by a VPDES permit.

7. 8. [ An indication as to whether Whether or not ] this facility discharges will discharge storm water runoff from coal storage piles;

8. A copy of the SWPPP general location map and the SWPPP site map prepared in accordance with 9VAC25-151-80 B 2 b and c (general permit Part III B 2 b and c) and any applicable sector-specific site map requirements. Owners covered under the 2004 Industrial Storm Water General Permit shall update their site map to meet all requirements listed in 9VAC25-151-80 B 2 c (general permit Part III B 2 c) and any applicable sector-specific site map requirements, and shall submit the map to the department as soon as practicable, but not later than October 1, 2009;

9. Identification of up to four 4-digit Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Codes or 2-letter Industrial Activity Codes that best represent the principal products or services rendered by the facility and major colocated industrial activities (2-letter Industrial Activity Codes are: HZ – hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facilities; LF – landfills/disposal landfills and disposal facilities that receive or have received any industrial wastes; SE – steam electric power generating facilities; or, TW – treatment works treating domestic sewage);

10. Identification of all applicable industrial sectors in this permit (as designated in Table 50‑1) 50‑2) that cover the discharges associated with industrial activity from activities at the facility, and major colocated industrial activities to be covered under this permit, and the storm water outfalls associated with each industrial sector.

a. If the facility is a landfill (sector L), indicate the type of landfill (MSWLF (i.e., MSWLF (municipal solid waste landfill), CDD (construction debris/demolition), debris and demolition), or other), and which outfalls (if any) receive contaminated storm water runoff.;

b. If the facility is a timber products operation (sector A), indicate which outfalls (if any) receive discharges from wet decking areas;

c. For all facilities, indicate which outfalls (if any) receive discharges from coal storage piles;

d. If the facility manufactures asphalt paving and roofing materials (sector D), indicate which outfalls (if any) receive discharges from areas where production of asphalt paving and roofing emulsions occurs;

e. If the facility manufactures cement (sector E), indicate which outfalls (if any) receive discharges from material storage piles;

f. If a scrap recycling and waste recycling facility (sector N - SIC 5093) only receives source-separated recyclable materials, indicate which outfalls (if any) receive discharges from this activity. List the metals (if any) that are received; or

g. For primary airports (sector S), list the average deicing season and indicate which outfalls (if any) receive discharges from deicing of non-propeller aircraft, and the annual average departures of non-propeller aircraft;

11. Facility [ site area ] information. List the total area of the [ site facility ] (in acres), the area of industrial activity at the [ site facility ] (in acres), [ and ] the total impervious area of the [ site industrial activity at the facility ] (in acres) [ , and the area (in acres) draining to each industrial activity outfall at the facility. Outfalls shall be numbered using a unique numerical identification code for each outfall (e.g., Outfall No. 001, No. 002, etc.) ];

12. The following maps shall be included with the registration statement:

a. General location map. A USGS 7.5 minute topographic map, or other equivalent computer generated map, with sufficient resolution to clearly show the location of the facility and the surrounding locale; and

b. Site map. A map showing the property boundaries, the location of all industrial activity areas, all storm water outfalls, and all water bodies receiving storm water discharges from the site. [ Outfalls shall be numbered using a unique numerical identification code for each outfall (e.g., Outfall No. 001, No. 002, etc.) Outfall numbering shall be the same as that used for the facility area information in subdivision 11 of this subsection ];

13. Virginia's [ Phase I ] Chesapeake Bay TMDL Watershed Implementation Plan (November 29, 2010) [ requires states ] that waste loads [ for future growth ] for new facilities in the Chesapeake Bay watershed with industrial stormwater discharges [ not cannot ] exceed the nutrient and sediment loadings that were discharged prior to the land being developed for the industrial activity. For purposes of this permit regulation, facilities [ constructed after November 29, 2010 that commence construction after June 30, 2014 ], must be consistent with this requirement to be eligible for coverage under this general permit.

If this is a new facility [ constructed after November 29, 2010 that commenced construction after June 30, 2014 ], in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, and applying for first time general permit coverage, attach documentation to the registration statement to show:

a. That the total phosphorus load does not exceed the greater of: (i) the total phosphorus load that was discharged from the [ site industrial area of the property ] prior to the land being developed for the [ new ] industrial activity [ , ] or (ii) 0.41 pounds per acre per year (VSMP water quality design criteria). The documentation must include the measures and controls that were employed to meet this requirement, along with the supporting calculations. [ The owner may include additional nonindustrial land on the site as part of any plan to comply with the no net increase requirement. Consistent with the definition of "site," this includes adjacent land used in connection with the facility. ] Compliance with the water quality design criteria may be determined utilizing the Virginia Runoff Reduction Method or another equivalent methodology approved by the board. Design specifications and pollutant removal efficiencies for [ specific ] BMPs can be found on the Virginia Storm Water BMP Clearinghouse website at http://www.vwrrc.vt.edu/swc; or

b. [ That nutrient credits have been acquired The owner may consider utilization of any pollutant trading or offset program in accordance with §§ 62.1-44.19:20 through 62.1-44.19:23 of the Code of Virginia, governing trading and offsetting, ] to meet the no net increase requirement [ in accordance with applicable regulations ]; and

11. 14. The following certification: "I certify under penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations."

D. The registration statement shall be signed in accordance with 9VAC25-151-70, Part II K 9VAC25-31-110 A of the VPDES Permit Regulation.

E. Where to submit. The registration statement may be delivered to the department by either postal or electronic mail and shall be submitted to the DEQ regional office serving the area where the industrial facility is located.

F. A facility's registration statement will be posted to the department's public website for 30 days prior to the department granting the facility general permit coverage.

9VAC25-151-65. Termination of permit coverage. (Repealed)

A. The owner may terminate coverage under this general permit by filing a complete notice of termination. The notice of termination may be filed after one or more of the following conditions have been met:

1. Operations have ceased at the facility and there are no longer discharges of storm water associated with industrial activity from the facility;

2. A new owner has assumed responsibility for the facility (NOTE: A notice of termination does not have to be submitted if a VPDES Change of Ownership Agreement form has been submitted); or

3. All storm water discharges associated with industrial activity have been covered by an individual VPDES permit.

B. The notice of termination shall contain the following information:

1. Owner's name, mailing address and telephone number;

2. Facility name and location;

3. VPDES Industrial storm water general permit number;

4. The basis for submitting the notice of termination, including:

a. A statement indicating that a new owner has assumed responsibility for the facility;

b. A statement indicating that operations have ceased at the facility and there are no longer discharges of storm water associated with industrial activity from the facility;

c. A statement indicating that all storm water discharges associated with industrial activity have been covered by an individual VPDES permit; or

d. A statement indicating that termination of coverage is being requested for another reason (state the reason);

5. The following certification: "I certify under penalty of law that all storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from the identified facility that are authorized by this VPDES general permit have been eliminated, or covered under a VPDES individual permit, or that I am no longer the owner of the industrial activity, or permit coverage should be terminated for another reason listed above. I understand that by submitting this notice of termination, that I am no longer authorized to discharge storm water associated with industrial activity in accordance with the general permit, and that discharging pollutants in storm water associated with industrial activity to surface waters is unlawful where the discharge is not authorized by a VPDES permit. I also understand that the submittal of this notice of termination does not release an owner from liability for any violations of this permit or the Clean Water Act."

C. The notice of termination shall be signed in accordance with 9VAC25-151-70, Part II K.

D. Where to submit. The notice of termination shall be submitted to the DEQ regional office serving the area where the industrial facility is located.

9VAC25-151-70. General permit.

Any owner whose registration statement is accepted by the director will receive the following general permit and shall comply with the requirements therein and be subject to the VPDES Permit Regulation, 9VAC25-31. Facilities with colocated industrial activities shall comply with all applicable monitoring and pollution prevention plan requirements of each industrial activity sector of this chapter in which a colocated industrial activity is described. All pages of 9VAC25-151-70 and 9VAC25-151-80 apply to all storm water discharges associated with industrial activity covered under this general permit. Not all pages of 9VAC25-151-90 et seq. will apply to every permittee. The determination of which pages apply will be based on an evaluation of the regulated activities located at the facility.

General Permit No.: VAR05
Effective Date: July 1, 2009 2014
Expiration Date: June 30, 2014 2019
GENERAL PERMIT FOR STORM WATER DISCHARGES ASSOCIATED WITH INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY
AUTHORIZATION TO DISCHARGE UNDER THE VIRGINIA POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM AND THE VIRGINIA STATE WATER CONTROL LAW

In compliance with the provisions of the Clean Water Act, as amended, and pursuant to the State Water Control Law and regulations adopted pursuant thereto, owners of facilities with storm water discharges associated with industrial activity are authorized to discharge to surface waters within the boundaries of the Commonwealth of Virginia, except those waters specifically named in board regulation or policies which that prohibit such discharges.

The authorized discharge shall be in accordance with this cover page, Part I-Effluent Limitations, Monitoring Requirements and Special Conditions, Part II-Conditions Applicable to All VPDES Permits, Part III-Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan, and Part IV-Sector-Specific Permit Requirements, as set forth herein.

Part I
Effluent Limitations, Monitoring Requirements and Special Conditions

A. Effluent limitations and monitoring requirements.

There are three four individual and separate categories of monitoring requirements that a facility may be subject to under this permit: (i) quarterly visual monitoring; (ii) benchmark monitoring of discharges associated with specific industrial activities; and (iii) compliance monitoring for discharges subject to numerical effluent limitations; and (iv) monitoring of discharges to impaired waters, both those with an approved TMDL and those without an approved TMDL. The monitoring requirements and numeric effluent limitations applicable to a facility depend on the types of industrial activities generating storm water runoff from the facility, and for TMDL monitoring, the location of the facility facility's discharge or discharges. Part IV of the permit (9VAC25-151-90 et seq.) identifies monitoring requirements applicable to specific sectors of industrial activity. The permittee shall review Part I A 1 and Part IV of the permit to determine which monitoring requirements and numeric limitations apply to his facility. Unless otherwise specified, limitations and monitoring requirements under Part I A 1 and Part IV are additive.

Sector-specific monitoring requirements and limitations are applied discharge by discharge at facilities with colocated activities. Where storm water from the colocated activities are commingled, the monitoring requirements and limitations are additive. Where more than one numeric limitation for a specific parameter applies to a discharge, compliance with the more restrictive limitation is required. Where monitoring requirements for a monitoring period overlap (e.g., need to monitor TSS one/year twice per year for a limit and also one/year twice per year for benchmark monitoring), the permittee may use a single sample to satisfy both monitoring requirements.

1. Types of monitoring requirements and limitations.

a. Quarterly visual monitoring. The requirements and procedures for quarterly visual monitoring are applicable to all facilities covered under this permit, regardless of the facility's sector of industrial activity.

(1) The permittee shall perform and document a quarterly visual examination of a storm water discharge associated with industrial activity from each outfall, except discharges exempted below (Part I A 1 a (2) and (4), and Part I A 3) in Part I A 3 or Part I A 4. The examination(s) shall be made at least once in each of the following three-month periods: January through March, April through June, July through September, and October through December. The visual examination shall be made during daylight hours (e.g., normal working hours) normal working hours, where practicable, and when considerations for safety and feasibility allow. If no storm event resulted in runoff from the facility during a monitoring quarter, the permittee is excused from visual monitoring for that quarter provided that documentation is included with the monitoring records indicating that no runoff occurred. The documentation shall be signed and certified in accordance with Part II K of this permit.

(2) Visual examinations shall be made of samples collected within the first 30 minutes (or as soon thereafter as practical, but not to exceed one hour) of when the runoff or snowmelt begins discharging from the facility. Samples shall be collected in accordance with Part I A 2. The examination shall document observations of color, odor, clarity, floating solids, settled solids, suspended solids, foam, oil sheen, and other obvious indicators of storm water pollution. The examination shall be conducted in a well-lit area. No analytical tests are required to be performed on the samples. All samples (except snowmelt samples) shall be collected from the discharge resulting from a storm event that results in an actual discharge from the site (defined as a "measurable storm event"), and that occurs at least 72 hours from the previously measurable storm event. The 72-hour storm interval is waived if the permittee is able to document that less than a 72-hour interval is representative for local storm events during the sampling period. [ Where practicable, the same individual shall carry out the collection and examination of discharges for the entire permit term. ] If no qualifying storm event resulted in runoff during daylight hours from the facility during a monitoring quarter, the permittee is excused from visual monitoring for that quarter provided that documentation is included with the monitoring records indicating that no qualifying storm event occurred during daylight hours that resulted in storm water runoff during that quarter. The documentation shall be signed and certified in accordance with Part II K.

(3) The visual examination reports shall be maintained on-site with the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP). The report shall include the outfall location, the examination date and time, examination personnel, the nature of the discharge (i.e., runoff or snow melt), visual quality of the storm water discharge (including observations of color, odor, clarity, floating solids, settled solids, suspended solids, foam, oil sheen, and other obvious indicators of storm water pollution), and probable sources of any observed storm water contamination.

(4) Inactive and unstaffed sites: When the permittee is unable to conduct visual storm water examinations at an inactive and unstaffed site, a waiver of the monitoring requirement may be exercised as long as the facility remains inactive and unstaffed, and there are no industrial materials or activities exposed to storm water. If this waiver is exercised, the permittee shall maintain a certification with the SWPPP stating that the site is inactive and unstaffed, there are no industrial materials or activities exposed to storm water, and that performing visual examinations during a qualifying event is not feasible. The waiver shall be signed and certified in accordance with Part II K.

(5) Representative outfalls - essentially identical discharges. If the facility has two or more outfalls that discharge substantially identical effluents, based on similarities of the industrial activities, significant materials, size of drainage areas, and storm water management practices occurring within the drainage areas of the outfalls, the permittee may conduct visual monitoring on the effluent of just one of the outfalls and report that the observations also apply to the substantially identical outfall(s). The permittee shall include the following information in the SWPPP:

(a) The locations of the outfalls;

(b) Why the outfalls are expected to discharge substantially identical effluents, including evaluation of monitoring data, where available;

(c) Estimates of the size of the drainage area (in square feet) for each of the outfalls; and

(d) An estimate of the runoff coefficient of the drainage areas (low: under 40%; medium: 40% to 65%; high: above 65%).

(6) If a facility's permit coverage is effective less than one month from the end of a quarterly monitoring period, the first quarterly period starts with the next respective quarterly monitoring period (e.g., if permit coverage begins March 5, the permittee will not need to start quarterly visual monitoring until the April-June quarter).

b. Benchmark monitoring of discharges associated with specific industrial activities.

Table 70-1 identifies the specific industrial sectors subject to the benchmark monitoring requirements of this permit and the industry-specific pollutants of concern. The permittee shall refer to the tables found in the individual sectors in Part IV (9VAC25-151-90 et seq.) for benchmark monitoring concentration values. Colocated industrial activities at the facility that are described in more than one sector in Part IV shall comply with all applicable benchmark monitoring requirements from each sector.

The results of benchmark monitoring are primarily for the permittee to use to determine the overall effectiveness of the SWPPP in controlling the discharge of pollutants to receiving waters. Benchmark concentration values, included in Part IV of this permit, are not effluent limitations. Exceedance of a benchmark concentration does not constitute a violation of this permit and does not indicate that violation of a water quality standard has occurred; however, it does signal that modifications to the SWPPP are necessary, unless justification is provided in the comprehensive site compliance evaluation (Part III E). In addition, exceedance of benchmark concentrations may identify facilities that would be more appropriately covered under an individual, or alternative general permit where more specific pollution prevention controls could be required.

TABLE 70-1. INDUSTRIAL SECTORS SUBJECT TO BENCHMARK MONITORING.
Industry Sector1	Industry Sub-sector	Benchmark Monitoring Parameters
A	General Sawmills and Planing Mills	TSS.
	Wood Preserving Facilities	Arsenic, Chromium, Copper.
	Log Storage and Handling	TSS.
	Hardwood Dimension and Flooring Mills	TSS.
	Mulch, Wood and Bark Facilities	BOD, TSS.
	Mulching Dying Operations	BOD, TSS, COD, Aluminum, Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Nickel, Selenium, Silver, Zinc, Total N, Total P.
B	Paperboard Mills	BOD.
C	Industrial Inorganic Chemicals	Aluminum, Iron, Total N.
	Plastics, Synthetic Resins, etc.	Zinc.
	Soaps, Detergents, Cosmetics, Perfumes	Total N, Zinc.
	Agricultural Chemicals	Total N, Iron, Zinc, Phosphorus Total P.
	Composting Facilities	TSS, BOD, COD, Ammonia, Total N, Total P.
D	Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials	TSS.
E	Clay Products	Aluminum.
	Lime and Gypsum Products	TSS, pH, Iron.
F	Steel Works, Blast Furnaces, and Rolling and Finishing Mills	Aluminum, Zinc.
	Iron and Steel Foundries	Aluminum, TSS, Copper, Iron, Zinc.
	Nonferrous Rolling and Drawing	Copper, Zinc.
	Nonferrous Foundries (Castings)	Copper, Zinc.
G2	Copper Ore Mining and Dressing	TSS
H	Coal Mines and Coal-Mining Related Facilities	TSS, Aluminum, Iron
K	Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage or Disposal	TKN, TSS, TOC, Arsenic, Cadmium, Cyanide, Lead, Magnesium, Mercury, Selenium, Silver.
L	Landfills, Land Application Sites, and Open Dumps	Iron, TSS.
M	Automobile Salvage Yards	TSS, Aluminum, Iron, Lead.
N	Scrap Recycling and Waste Recycling Facilities	Copper, Aluminum, Iron, Lead, Zinc, TSS, Cadmium, Chromium.
	Ship Dismantling, Marine Salvaging and Marine Wrecking	Aluminum, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Iron, Lead, Zinc, TSS.
O	Steam Electric Generating Facilities	Iron.
P	Land Transportation and Warehousing	TPH, TSS.
Q	Water Transportation Facilities	Aluminum, Iron TSS, Copper, Zinc.
R	Ship and Boat Building or Repairing Yards	TSS, Copper, Zinc.
S	Airports with deicing activities3	BOD, TKN, pH, COD, TSS, TPH.
U	Dairy Products.	BOD, TSS.
	Grain Mill Products	TSS, TKN.
	Fats and Oils	BOD, Total N, TSS.
Y	Rubber Products	Zinc.
Z	Leather Tanning and Finishing	TKN.
AA	Fabricated Metal Products Except Coating	Iron, Aluminum, Copper, Zinc.
	Fabricated Metal Coating and Engraving	Zinc.
AB	Transportation Equipment, Industrial, or Commercial Machinery	TSS, TPH, Copper, Zinc.
AD	Nonclassified Facilities/Storm Water Discharges Designated By the Board As Requiring Permits	TSS.
1Table does not include parameters for compliance monitoring under effluent limitations guidelines.
2See Sector G (Part IV G) for additional monitoring discharges from waste rock and overburden piles from active ore mining or dressing facilities, inactive ore mining or dressing facilities, and sites undergoing reclamation.
3Monitoring requirement is for airports with deicing activities that utilize more than 100 tons of urea or more than 100,000 gallons of glycol per year.

(1) (a) If a facility falls within a sector(s) required to conduct benchmark monitoring, monitoring Benchmark monitoring shall be performed for all benchmark parameters specified for the industrial sector or sectors applicable to a facility's discharge. Monitoring shall be performed at least once during each of the first two four, and potentially all, monitoring periods after the facility is granted coverage under the permit begins. Monitoring commences with the first full monitoring period after the owner is granted coverage under the permit. Monitoring periods are specified in Part I A 2.

Depending on the results of two four consecutive monitoring periods, benchmark monitoring may not be required to be conducted in subsequent monitoring periods (see Part I A 1 b (2)) (see subdivision (2) below).

(b) Monitoring periods for benchmark monitoring. The benchmark monitoring periods are as follows: (i) July 1, 2009, to December 31, 2009; (ii) January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2010; (iii) January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2011; (iv) January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2012; and, (v) January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2013.

(c) If a facility's permit coverage is effective less than one month from the end of a monitoring period, the facility's first monitoring period starts with the next respective monitoring period (e.g., if permit coverage begins December 5, the permittee will not need to start sampling until the next January-December monitoring period).

(2) Benchmark monitoring waivers for facilities testing below benchmark concentration values. Waivers from benchmark monitoring are available to facilities whose discharges are below benchmark concentration values on an outfall by outfall basis. Sector-specific benchmark monitoring is not required to be conducted in subsequent monitoring periods during the term of this permit provided:

(a) Samples were collected in two four consecutive monitoring periods, and all the parameter concentrations were average of the four samples for all parameters at the outfall is below the applicable benchmark concentration values value in Part IV. (Note: facilities that were covered under the 2009 industrial storm water general permit may use sampling data from the last two monitoring periods of that permit and the first two monitoring periods of this permit to satisfy the four consecutive monitoring periods requirement); and

(b) The facility is not subject to a numeric effluent limitation for that parameter established in Part I A 1 c (1) (Storm Water Effluent Limitations, Coal Pile Runoff, and TMDL Wasteload Allocations) (Storm Water Effluent Limitations), Part I A 1 c (2) (Coal Pile Runoff), or Part IV (Sector Specific Permit Requirements) for any of the parameters at that outfall; and

(c) A waiver request is submitted to and approved by the department board. The waiver request shall be sent to the appropriate DEQ regional office, along with the supporting monitoring data for two four consecutive monitoring periods, and a certification that, based on current potential pollutant sources and [ BMPs control measures ] used, discharges from the facility are reasonably expected to be essentially the same (or cleaner) compared to when the benchmark monitoring for the two four consecutive monitoring periods was done.

Waiver requests will be evaluated by the department board based upon: (i) benchmark monitoring results below the benchmark concentration values; (ii) a favorable compliance history (including inspection results); and (iii) no outstanding enforcement actions.

The monitoring waiver may be revoked by the department board for just cause. The permittee will be notified in writing that the monitoring waiver is revoked, and that the benchmark monitoring requirements are again in force and will remain in effect until the permit's expiration date.

(3) Samples shall be collected and analyzed in accordance with Part I A 2. For each outfall, one signed Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR) form shall be submitted to the department for each storm event sampled. Monitoring results shall be Monitoring results shall be reported in accordance with Part I A 5 and Part II C and retained in accordance with Part II B.

(4) Inactive and unstaffed sites. If the permittee is unable to conduct benchmark monitoring at an inactive and unstaffed site, a waiver of the monitoring requirement may be exercised as long as the facility remains inactive and unstaffed, and there are no industrial materials or activities exposed to storm water. If the permittee exercises this waiver, a certification shall be submitted to the department and maintained with the SWPPP stating that the site is inactive and unstaffed, there are no industrial materials or activities exposed to storm water, and that performing benchmark monitoring during a qualifying storm event is not feasible. The waiver shall be signed and certified in accordance with Part II K.

(5) Representative outfalls - essentially identical discharges. If the facility has two or more outfalls that discharge substantially identical effluents, based on similarities of the industrial activities, significant materials, size of drainage areas, and storm water management practices occurring within the drainage areas of the outfalls, the permittee may perform benchmark monitoring on the effluent of just one of the outfalls and report that the quantitative data also applies to the substantially identical outfall(s). The permittee shall include the following information in the SWPPP, and in any DMRs that are required to be submitted to the department:

(a) The locations of the outfalls;

(b) Why the outfalls are expected to discharge substantially identical effluents, including evaluation of monitoring data, where available;

(c) Estimates of the size of the drainage area (in square feet) for each of the outfalls; and

(d) An estimate of the runoff coefficient of the drainage areas (low: under 40%; medium: 40% to 65%; high: above 65%).

c. Compliance monitoring for discharges subject to numerical effluent limitations or discharges to impaired waters.

(1) Facilities subject to storm water effluent limitation guidelines.

(a) Facilities subject to storm water effluent limitation guidelines (see Table 70-2) are required to monitor such discharges to evaluate compliance with numerical effluent limitations. Industry-specific numerical limitations and compliance monitoring requirements are described in Part IV of the permit (9VAC25-151-90 et seq.). Colocated Permittees with colocated industrial activities at the facility that are described in more than one sector in Part IV shall comply on a discharge-by-discharge basis with all applicable effluent limitations from each sector.

(b) Permittees shall monitor the discharges for the presence of the pollutant subject to the effluent limitation at least once during each of the monitoring periods after the facility is granted coverage under the permit begins. If a facility's permit coverage is effective less than one month from the end of a monitoring period, the facility's first monitoring period starts with the next respective monitoring period (e.g., if permit coverage begins December 5, the permittee will not need to start the effluent limitation monitoring until the next January-December monitoring period). Monitoring commences with the first full monitoring period after the owner is granted coverage under the permit. Monitoring periods are specified in Part I A 2. The substantially identical outfall monitoring provisions (Part I A 2 f) are not available for numeric effluent limits monitoring.

(c) The monitoring periods for effluent limitation monitoring are as follows: (i) July 1, 2009, to December 31, 2009; (ii) January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2010; (iii) January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2011; (iv) January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2012; and (v) January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2013.

(d) (c) Samples shall be collected and analyzed in accordance with Part I A 2. Monitoring results shall be reported in accordance with Part I A 4 5 and Part II C, and retained in accordance with Part II B.

TABLE 70-2. STORM WATER-SPECIFIC EFFLUENT LIMITATION GUIDELINES.
Effluent Limitation Guideline	Sectors with Affected Facilities
Runoff from material storage piles at cement manufacturing facilities (40 CFR Part 411 Subpart C (2006) (established February 23, 1977)) (established February 20, 1974))	E
Contaminated runoff from phosphate fertilizer manufacturing facilities (40 CFR Part 418 Subpart A (2006) (established April 8, 1974)) (established April 8, 1974))	C
Coal pile runoff at steam electric generating facilities (40 CFR Part 423 (2006) (established November 19, 1982))	O
Discharges resulting from spray down or intentional wetting of logs at wet deck storage areas (40 CFR Part 429, Subpart I (2007) (established January 26, 1981))	A
Runoff from asphalt emulsion facilities (40 CFR Part 443 Subpart A (2007) (established July 24, 1975))	D
Runoff from landfills, (40 CFR Part 445, Subpart A and B (2007) (established February 2, 2000)) January 19, 2000))	K & and L
Discharges from airport deicing operations (40 CFR Part 449 (established May 16, 2012))	S

(2) Facilities subject to coal pile runoff monitoring.

(a) Facilities with discharges of storm water from coal storage piles shall comply with the limitations and monitoring requirements of Table 70-3 for all discharges containing the coal pile runoff, regardless of the facility's sector of industrial activity.

(b) Permittees shall monitor such storm water discharges at least once during each of the monitoring periods after the facility is granted coverage under the permit begins. If a facility's permit coverage is effective less than one month from the end of a monitoring period, the facility's first monitoring period starts with the next respective monitoring period (e.g., if permit coverage begins December 5, the permittee will not need to start the coal pile runoff monitoring until the next January-December monitoring period). Monitoring commences with the first full monitoring period after the owner is granted coverage under the permit. Monitoring periods are specified in Part I A 2. The substantially identical outfall monitoring provisions (Part I A 2 f) are not available for coal pile numeric effluent limits monitoring.

(c) Coal pile runoff monitoring periods are as follows: (i) July 1, 2009, to December 31, 2009; (ii) January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2010; (iii) January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2011; (iv) January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2012; and (v) January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2013.

(d) (c) The coal pile runoff shall not be diluted with other storm water or other flows in order to meet this limitation.

(e) (d) If a facility is designed, constructed and operated to treat the volume of coal pile runoff that is associated with a 10-year, 24-hour rainfall event, any untreated overflow of coal pile runoff from the treatment unit is not subject to the 50 mg/L limitation for total suspended solids.

(f) (e) Samples shall be collected and analyzed in accordance with Part I A 2. Monitoring results shall be reported in accordance with Part I A 4 5 and Part II C, and retained in accordance with Part II B.

TABLE 70-3. NUMERIC LIMITATIONS FOR COAL PILE RUNOFF.
Parameter	Limit	Monitoring Frequency	Sample Type
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	50 mg/l, max.	1/year	Grab
pH	6.0 min. - 9.0 max.	1/year	Grab

(3) Facilities (discharging discharging to an impaired water with a board-established and EPA-approved an approved TMDL wasteload allocation.

[ Owners of facilities that are a source of the specified pollutant of concern to waters for which a TMDL wasteload allocation has been approved prior to the term of this permit will be notified as such by the department when they are approved for coverage under the general permit. ]

(a) Upon written notification from the department, facilities subject to TMDL wasteload allocations will be required to monitor such discharges to evaluate compliance with the TMDL requirements.

(b) Permittees shall monitor the discharges for the pollutant subject to the TMDL wasteload allocation at least semiannually (twice per year) once during each of the monitoring periods after coverage under the permit begins. The TMDL semiannual monitoring periods are from July 1 to December 31, and January 1 to June 30. If a facility's notification that they are subject to the TMDL monitoring requirements is effective less than one month from the end of a semiannual monitoring period, the facility's first monitoring period starts with the next respective monitoring period (e.g., if notification is given on December 5, the permittee will not need to start semiannual monitoring until the next January 1 to June 30 monitoring period). Monitoring commences with the first full monitoring period after the owner is granted coverage under the permit. Monitoring periods are specified in Part I A 2.

[ Note: Facilities discharging to waters impaired for PCBs shall follow the monitoring schedule and the pollutant minimization plan (PMP) requirements described in the written notification from the department. ]

(c) Samples shall be collected and analyzed in accordance with Part I A 2. Monitoring results shall be reported in accordance with Part I A 4 5 and Part II C, and retained in accordance with Part II B.

(d) If the pollutant subject to the TMDL waste load allocation is [ not detected in any below the quantitation level in all ] of the samples from the first four monitoring periods (i.e., the first two years of coverage under the permit), the permittee may request to the department board in writing that further sampling be discontinued, unless the TMDL has specific instructions to the contrary (in which case those instructions shall be followed). The laboratory certificate of analysis shall be submitted with the request. If approved, documentation of this shall be kept with the SWPPP.

If the pollutant subject to the TMDL waste load allocation is [ detected above the quantitation level ] in any of the samples from the first four monitoring periods, the permittee shall continue the scheduled TMDL monitoring throughout the term of the permit.

(4) Facilities discharging to an impaired water without a board established and EPA-approved an approved TMDL wasteload allocation.

[ Owners of facilities that discharge to waters listed as impaired in the 2012 Final 305(b)/303(d) Water Quality Assessment Integrated Report, and for which a TMDL wasteload allocation has not been approved prior to the term of this permit, will be notified as such by the department when they are approved for coverage under the general permit. ]

(a) Upon written notification from the department, facilities discharging to an impaired water without a board established and EPA-approved an approved TMDL wasteload allocation will be required to monitor such discharges for the pollutant(s) that caused the impairment.

(b) Permittees shall monitor the discharges for all pollutants for which the waterbody is impaired, and for which a standard analytical method exists, at least once during each of the monitoring periods after the facility is granted coverage under the permit begins. If a facility's permit coverage is effective less than one month from the end of a monitoring period, the facility's first monitoring period starts with the next respective monitoring period (e.g., if permit coverage begins December 5, the permittee will not need to start the impaired water monitoring until the next January-December monitoring period). Monitoring commences with the first full monitoring period after the owner is granted coverage under the permit. Monitoring periods are specified in Part I A 2.

[ Note: Facilities discharging to waters impaired for PCBs shall follow the monitoring schedule and the pollutant minimization plan (PMP) requirements described in the written notification from the department. ]

(c) The impaired water monitoring periods are as follows: (i) July 1, 2009, to December 31, 2009; (ii) January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2010; (iii) January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2011; (iv) January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2012; and (v) January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2013.

(d) (c) If the pollutant for which the waterbody is impaired is suspended solids, turbidity or sediment/sedimentation, or sediment, or sedimentation, monitor for Total Suspended Solids total suspended solids (TSS). If the pollutant for which the waterbody is impaired is expressed in the form of an indicator or surrogate pollutant, monitor for that indicator or surrogate pollutant. No monitoring is required when a waterbody's biological communities are impaired but no pollutant, including indicator or surrogate pollutants, is specified as causing the impairment, or when a waterbody's impairment is related to hydrologic modifications, impaired hydrology, or temperature.

Samples shall be collected and analyzed in accordance with Part I A 2. Monitoring results shall be reported in accordance with Part I A 4 5 and Part II C, and retained in accordance with Part II B.

(e) (d) If the pollutant for which the water is impaired is [ not present below the quantitation level ] in the discharges from the facility, or it is [ present above the quantitation level ] but its presence is caused solely by natural background sources, a notification to this effect shall be included in the first discharge monitoring report submitted by the facility, after which the permittee may request to the board in writing that further impaired water monitoring may be discontinued. The laboratory certificate of analysis shall be submitted with the request. If approved, documentation of this shall be kept with the SWPPP.

To support a determination that the pollutant's presence is caused solely by natural background sources, the following documentation shall be submitted with the request and kept with the SWPPP: (i) an explanation of why it is believed that the presence of the impairment pollutant in the facility's discharge is not related to the activities at the facility; and (ii) data or studies that tie the presence of the impairment pollutant in the facility's discharge to natural background sources in the watershed. Natural background pollutants include those substances that are naturally occurring in soils or groundwater. Natural background pollutants do not include legacy pollutants from earlier activity at the facility's site, or pollutants in run-on from neighboring sources that are not naturally occurring.

2. Monitoring instructions.

a. Collection and analysis of samples. Sampling requirements shall be assessed on an outfall by outfall basis. Samples shall be collected and analyzed in accordance with the requirements of Part II A.

b. When and how to sample. A minimum of one grab sample shall be taken from the discharge associated with industrial activity resulting from a storm event that results in an actual discharge from the site (defined as a "measurable storm event"), providing the interval from the preceding measurable storm event is at least 72 hours. The 72-hour storm interval is waived if the permittee is able to document that less than a 72-hour interval is representative for local storm events during the sampling period. In the case of snowmelt, the monitoring must shall be performed at a time when a measurable discharge occurs at the site. For discharges from a storm water management structure, the monitoring shall be performed at a time when a measurable discharge occurs from the structure.

The grab sample shall be taken during the first 30 minutes of the discharge. If it is not practicable to take the sample during the first 30 minutes, the sample may be taken during the first hour three hours of the discharge, provided that the permittee explains why a grab sample during the first 30 minutes was impracticable. This information shall be submitted on or with the Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR), or and maintained with the SWPPP if reports are not required to be submitted. If the sampled discharge commingles with process or nonprocess water, the permittee shall attempt to sample the storm water discharge before it mixes with the nonstorm water.

c. Storm event data. For each monitoring event (except snowmelt monitoring), along with the monitoring results, the permittee shall identify the date and duration (in hours) of the storm event(s) sampled; rainfall total (in inches) of the storm event that generated the sampled runoff; and the duration between the storm event sampled and the end of the previous measurable storm event. For snowmelt monitoring, the permittee shall identify the date of the sampling event.

d. Monitoring periods.

(1) Quarterly visual monitoring. The quarterly visual examinations shall be made at least once in each of the following three-month periods each year of permit coverage: January through March, April through June, July through September, and October through December.

(2) Benchmark monitoring, effluent limitation monitoring, and impaired waters monitoring (for waters both with and without an approved TMDL). Monitoring shall be conducted at least once in each of the following semiannual periods each year of permit coverage: January through June, and July through December.

d. e. Documentation explaining a facility's inability to obtain a sample (including dates/times dates and times the outfalls were viewed and/or or sampling was attempted), of no rain event, or of no "measurable" storm event shall be maintained with the SWPPP. Acceptable documentation includes, but is not limited to, NCDC National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) weather station data, local weather station data, facility rainfall logs, and other appropriate supporting data.

f. Representative outfalls - substantially identical discharges. If the facility has two or more outfalls that discharge substantially identical effluents, based on similarities of the industrial activities, significant materials, size of drainage areas, and storm water management practices occurring within the drainage areas of the outfalls, the permittee may conduct monitoring on the effluent of just one of the outfalls and report that the observations also apply to the substantially identical outfall or outfalls. The substantially identical outfall monitoring provisions apply to quarterly visual monitoring, benchmark monitoring, and impaired waters monitoring (both those with and without an approved TMDL). The substantially identical outfall monitoring provisions are not available for numeric effluent limits monitoring.

The permittee shall include the following information in the SWPPP:

(1) The locations of the outfalls;

(2) Why the outfalls are expected to discharge substantially identical effluents, including evaluation of monitoring data where available; and

(3) Estimates of the size of the drainage area (in square feet) for each of the outfalls.

3. Adverse climatic conditions waiver. When adverse weather conditions prevent the collection of samples, a substitute sample may be taken during a qualifying storm event in the next monitoring period. Adverse weather conditions are those that are dangerous or create inaccessibility for personnel, and may include such things as local flooding, high winds, electrical storms, or situations that otherwise make sampling impracticable, such as drought or extended frozen conditions. Unless specifically stated otherwise, this waiver may be applied to any monitoring required under this permit.

4. Inactive and unstaffed sites (including temporarily inactive sites).

a. A waiver of the quarterly visual assessments, routine facility inspections, and monitoring requirements (including benchmark, effluent limitation, and impaired waters monitoring) may be granted by the board at a facility that is both inactive and unstaffed, as long as the facility remains inactive and unstaffed and there are no industrial materials or activities exposed to stormwater. The owner of such a facility is only required to conduct an annual comprehensive site inspection in accordance with the requirements in Part III E.

b. An inactive and unstaffed sites waiver request shall be submitted to the board for approval and shall include: the name of the facility; the facility's VPDES general permit registration number; a contact person, phone number and email address (if available); the reason for the request; and the date the facility became or will become inactive and unstaffed. The waiver request shall be signed and certified in accordance with Part II K. If this waiver is granted, a copy of the request and the board's written approval of the waiver shall be maintained with the SWPPP.

c. If circumstances change and industrial materials or activities become exposed to stormwater, or the facility becomes either active or staffed, the permittee shall notify the department within 30 days, and all quarterly visual assessments, routine facility inspections, and monitoring requirements shall be resumed immediately.

d. The board retains the right to revoke this waiver when it is determined that the discharge is causing, has a reasonable potential to cause, or contributes to a water quality standards violation.

e. Inactive and unstaffed facilities covered under Sector G (Metal Mining) and Sector H (Coal Mines and Coal Mining-Related Facilities) are not required to meet the "no industrial materials or activities exposed to stormwater" standard to be eligible for this waiver, consistent with the conditional exemption requirements established in Part IV Sector G and Part IV Sector H.

4. 5. Reporting monitoring results.

a. Reporting to the department. Depending on the types of monitoring required at a permitted facility, monitoring results may have to be submitted to the department, or they may only have to be kept with the SWPPP. The permittee shall follow the reporting requirements and deadlines below for the types of monitoring that apply to the facility:

TABLE 70-4. MONITORING REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.
Monitoring for Numeric Effluent Limitations (other than TMDL Wasteload Allocations)	For monitoring results that do not exceed the effluent limitations, submit the results on a DMR by January 10. For monitoring results that exceed the effluent limitations, submit the results on a DMR by January 10, or no later than 30 days after the results are received by the facility, whichever date is earlier.
Semiannual Monitoring for TMDL Wasteload Allocations	For monitoring results that do not exceed the TMDL wasteload allocation, submit Submit the results on a DMR by January 10 and by July 10. For monitoring results that exceed the TMDL wasteload allocation, submit the results on a DMR by January 10 or July 10, or no later than 30 days after the results are received by the facility, whichever date is earlier.
Monitoring for Facilities Discharging to an Impaired Water Without an Approved TMDL Wasteload Allocation.	Submit results on a DMR by January 10.
Benchmark Monitoring	Submit results on a DMR by January 10.
Annual Monitoring for Metal Mining Facilities (see Part IV, Sector G)	Submit results to the department by January 10.
Quarterly Visual Monitoring	Retain results with SWPPP - do not submit unless requested to do so by the department.
Follow-up Monitoring (see subsection A 5 c below).	Submit results on a DMR no later than 30 days after the results are received.

Permittees that are required to submit monitoring shall submit results for each outfall associated with industrial activity according to the requirements of Part II C. For each outfall sampled, one signed discharge monitoring report (DMR) form shall be submitted to the department per storm event sampled. For representative outfalls, the sampled outfall will be reported on the DMR, and the outfalls that are representative of the sampled outfall will be listed in the comment section of the DMR. Signed DMRs are not required for each of the outfalls that are representative of the sampled outfall.

b. Additional reporting. In addition to filing submitting copies of discharge monitoring reports in accordance with Part II C, permittees with at least one storm water discharge associated with industrial activity through a regulated municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4), or a municipal system designated by the director, must shall submit signed copies of DMRs to the MS4 operator at the same time as the reports are submitted to the department. Permittees not required to report monitoring data and permittees that are not otherwise required to monitor their discharges need not comply with this provision.

c. Significant digits. The permittee shall report at least the same number of significant digits as a numeric effluent limitation or TMDL wasteload allocation for a given parameter; otherwise, at least two significant digits shall be reported for a given parameter. Regardless of the rounding convention used by the permittee (i.e., five always rounding up or to the nearest even number), the permittee shall use the convention consistently and shall ensure that consulting laboratories employed by the permittee use the same convention.

5. 6. Corrective actions.

a. Data exceeding benchmarks concentration values.

(1) If the benchmark monitoring result exceeds the benchmark concentration value for that parameter, the permittee must shall review the SWPPP and modify it as necessary to address any deficiencies that caused the exceedance. Revisions to the SWPPP must shall be completed within 30 days after an exceedance is discovered. When [ BMPs control measures ] need to be modified or added (distinct from regular preventive maintenance of existing [ BMPs control measures ] described in Part III C), implementation must shall be completed before the next anticipated storm event if possible, but no later than 60 days after the exceedance is discovered, or as otherwise provided or approved by the department. In cases where construction is necessary to implement [ BMPs control measures ], the permittee shall include a schedule in the SWPPP that provides for the completion of the [ BMPs control measures ] as expeditiously as practicable, but no later than three years after the exceedance is discovered. Where a construction compliance schedule is included in the SWPPP, the plan shall include appropriate nonstructural and/or and temporary controls to be implemented in the affected portion(s) of the facility prior to completion of the permanent [ BMP control measure ]. Any [ BMP control measure ] modifications must shall be documented and dated, and retained with the SWPPP, along with the amount of time taken to modify the applicable [ BMPs control measures ] or implement additional [ BMPs control measures ].

(2) Natural background pollutant levels. If the concentration of a pollutant exceeds a benchmark concentration value, and the permittee determines that exceedance of the benchmark is attributable solely to the presence of that pollutant in the natural background, corrective action is not required provided that:

(a) The concentration of the benchmark monitoring result is less than or equal to the concentration of that pollutant in the natural background;

(b) The permittee documents and maintains with the SWPPP the supporting rationale for concluding that benchmark exceedances are in fact attributable solely to natural background pollutant levels. The supporting rationale shall include any data previously collected by the facility or others (including literature studies) that describe the levels of natural background pollutants in the facility's storm water discharges; and

(c) The permittee notifies the department on the benchmark monitoring DMR that the benchmark exceedances are attributable solely to natural background pollutant levels.

Natural background pollutants include those substances that are naturally occurring in soils or groundwater. Natural background pollutants do not include legacy pollutants from earlier activity on the facility's site, or pollutants in run-on from neighboring sources that are not naturally occurring.

b. Corrective actions. The permittee must shall take corrective action whenever:

(1) Routine facility inspections, comprehensive site compliance evaluations, inspections by local, state or federal officials, or any other process, observation or event result in a determination that modifications to the storm water control measures are necessary to meet the permit requirements; [ or ]

(2) There is any exceedance of an effluent limitation (including coal pile runoff), or TMDL wasteload allocation, or a reduction required by a local ordinance established by a municipality to meet Chesapeake Bay TMDL requirements; [ or ]

(3) The department determines, or the permittee becomes aware, that the storm water control measures are not stringent enough for the discharge to meet applicable water quality standards.

The permittee must shall review the SWPPP and modify it as necessary to address any deficiencies. Revisions to the SWPPP must shall be completed within 30 days following the discovery of the deficiency. When [ BMPs control measures ] need to be modified or added (distinct from regular preventive maintenance of existing [ BMPs control measures ] described in Part III C), implementation must shall be completed before the next anticipated storm event if possible, but no later than 60 days after the deficiency is discovered, or as otherwise provided or approved by the department. In cases where construction is necessary to implement [ BMPs control measures ], the permittee shall include a schedule in the SWPPP that provides for the completion of the [ BMPs control measures ] as expeditiously as practicable, but no later than three years after the deficiency is discovered. Where a construction compliance schedule is included in the SWPPP, the plan shall include appropriate nonstructural and/or and temporary controls to be implemented in the affected portion(s) of the facility prior to completion of the permanent [ BMP control measure ]. The amount of time taken to modify a [ BMP control measure ] or implement additional [ BMPs control measures ] must shall be documented in the SWPPP.

Any corrective actions taken must shall be documented and retained with the SWPPP. Reports of corrective actions must shall be signed in accordance with Part II K.

c. Follow-up monitoring and reporting. If at any time monitoring results indicate that discharges from the facility exceed an effluent limitation or a TMDL wasteload allocation, or the department determines that discharges from the facility are causing or contributing to an exceedance of a water quality standard, immediate steps must shall be taken to eliminate the exceedances in accordance with the above Part I A 5 6 b (Corrective actions). Within 30 calendar days of implementing the relevant corrective action(s) (or during the next qualifying runoff event, should none occur within 30 calendar days) follow-up monitoring must be undertaken to verify that the BMPs that were modified are effectively protecting water quality. Follow-up monitoring need only be conducted for pollutant(s) with prior exceedances unless there are reasons to believe that facility modifications may have reduced pollutant prevention or removal capacity for other pollutants of concern. The follow-up monitoring data must be submitted to the department no later than 30 days after the results are received. If the follow-up monitoring value does not exceed the effluent limitation or other relevant standard, no additional follow-up monitoring is required for this corrective action. Should the follow-up monitoring indicate that the effluent limitation, TMDL wasteload allocation, water quality standard or other relevant standard is still being exceeded, an exceedance report must shall be submitted to the department no later than 30 days after the follow-up monitoring results are received. The following information must shall be included in the report: general permit registration number; facility name, address, and location; receiving water; monitoring data from this and the preceding monitoring event(s) event; an explanation of the situation; description of what has been done and the intended actions (should the corrective actions not yet be complete) to further reduce pollutants in the discharge; and an appropriate contact name and phone number. Additional follow-up monitoring must be continued at an appropriate frequency, but no less often than quarterly, until the discharge no longer exceeds the standard.

B. Special conditions.

1. Allowable nonstorm water discharges. Except as provided in this section or in Part IV (9VAC25-151-90 et seq.), all discharges covered by this permit shall be composed entirely of storm water. The following nonstorm water discharges are authorized by this permit:

a. Discharges from fire fighting activities;

b. Fire hydrant flushings;

c. Potable water including water line flushings;

d. Uncontaminated air conditioning or compressor condensate (excluding air compressors) condensate from air conditioners, coolers, and other compressors and from the outside storage of refrigerated gases or liquids;

e. Irrigation drainage;

f. Landscape watering provided all pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizer have been applied in accordance with manufacturer's instructions the approved labeling;

g. Routine external building wash down washdown that does not use detergents;

h. Pavement wash waters where no detergents are used and no spills or leaks of toxic or hazardous materials have occurred (unless all spilled material has been removed);

i. Uncontaminated ground water or spring water;

j. Foundation or footing drains where flows are not contaminated with process materials; and

k. Incidental windblown mist from cooling towers that collects on rooftops or adjacent portions of the facility, but not intentional discharges from the cooling tower (e.g., "piped" cooling tower blowdown or drains).

All other nonstorm water discharges shall be in compliance with a are not authorized and shall either be eliminated or covered under a separate VPDES permit (other than this permit) issued for the discharge.

The following nonstorm water discharges are specifically not authorized by this permit:

Sector A - Timber products. Discharges of storm water from areas where there may be contact with chemical formulations sprayed to provide surface protection.

Sector C - Chemical and allied products manufacturing. Inks, paints, or substances (hazardous, nonhazardous, etc.) resulting from an on-site spill, including materials collected in drip pans; washwaters from material handling and processing areas; or washwaters from drum, tank, or container rinsing and cleaning.

Sector G - Metal mining (ore mining and dressing). Adit drainage or contaminated springs or seeps; and contaminated seeps and springs discharging from waste rock dumps that do not directly result from precipitation events.

Sector H - Coal mines and coal mining-related facilities. Discharges from pollutant seeps or underground drainage from inactive coal mines and refuse disposal areas that do not result from precipitation events; and discharges from floor drains in maintenance buildings and other similar drains in mining and preparation plant areas.

Sector I - Oil and gas extraction and refining. Discharges of vehicle and equipment washwater, including tank cleaning operations.

Sector K - Hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facilities. Leachate, gas collection condensate, drained free liquids, contaminated ground water, laboratory-derived wastewater and contact washwater from washing truck, equipment, and railcar exteriors and surface areas that have come in direct contact with solid waste at the landfill facility.

Sector L - Landfills, land application sites and open dumps. Leachate, gas collection condensate, drained free liquids, contaminated ground water, laboratory wastewater, and contact washwater from washing truck, equipment, and railcar exteriors and surface areas that have come in direct contact with solid waste at the landfill facility.

Sector N - Scrap recycling and waste recycling facilities. Discharges from turnings containment areas in the absence of a storm event.

Sector O - Steam electric generating facilities. Nonstorm water discharges subject to effluent limitation guidelines.

Sector P - Land transportation and warehousing. Vehicle/equipment/surface Vehicle, equipment, or surface washwater, including tank cleaning operations.

Sector Q - Water transportation. Bilge and ballast water, sanitary wastes, pressure wash water, and cooling water originating from vessels.

Sector R - Ship and boat building or repair yards. Bilge and ballast water, pressure wash water, sanitary wastes, and cooling water originating from vessels.

Sector S - Air transportation. Aircraft, ground vehicle, runway and equipment washwaters; and dry weather discharges of deicing/anti-icing deicing and anti-icing chemicals.

Sector T - Treatment works. Sanitary and industrial wastewater; and equipment/vehicle equipment or vehicle washwaters.

Sector U - Food and kindred products. Boiler blowdown, cooling tower overflow and blowdown, ammonia refrigeration purging, and vehicle washing/clean-out washing and clean-out operations.

Sector V - Textile mills, apparel, and other fabric products. Discharges of wastewater (e.g., wastewater as a result of wet processing or from any processes relating to the production process); reused/recycled reused or recycled water; and waters used in cooling towers.

2. Releases of hazardous substances or oil in excess of reportable quantities. The discharge of hazardous substances or oil in the storm water discharge(s) from the facility shall be prevented or minimized in accordance with the storm water pollution prevention plan for the facility. This permit does not authorize the discharge of hazardous substances or oil resulting from an on-site spill. This permit does not relieve the permittee of the reporting requirements of 40 CFR Part 110 (2007), 40 CFR Part 117 (2007), and 40 CFR Part 302 (2007) or § 62.1-44.34:19 of the Code of Virginia.

Where a release containing a hazardous substance or oil in an amount equal to or in excess of a reportable quantity established under either 40 CFR Part 110 (2007), 40 CFR Part 117 (2007), or 40 CFR Part 302 (2007) occurs during a 24-hour period:

a. The permittee is required to notify the department in accordance with the requirements of Part II G as soon as he has knowledge of the discharge;

b. Where a release enters a municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4), the permittee shall also notify the owner of the MS4; and

c. The storm water pollution prevention plan required under Part III shall be reviewed to identify measures to prevent the reoccurrence of such releases and to respond to such releases, and the plan shall be modified where appropriate.

3. Colocated industrial activity. If the facility has industrial activities occurring on-site which are described by any of the activities in Part IV of the permit (9VAC25-151-90 et seq.), those industrial activities are considered to be colocated industrial activities. Storm water discharges from colocated industrial activities are authorized by this permit, provided that the permittee complies with any and all additional pollution prevention plan and monitoring requirements from Part IV applicable to that particular colocated industrial activity. The permittee shall determine which additional pollution prevention plan and monitoring requirements are applicable to the colocated industrial activity by examining the narrative descriptions of each coverage section (Discharges covered under this section).

4. The storm water discharges authorized by this permit may be combined with other sources of storm water which are not required to be covered under a VPDES permit, so long as the combined discharge is in compliance with this permit.

5. There shall be no discharge of waste, garbage, or floating solids or visible foam debris in other than trace amounts.

6. Salt storage piles or piles containing salt. Storage piles of salt or piles containing salt used for deicing or other commercial or industrial purposes shall be enclosed or covered to prevent exposure to precipitation. The permittee shall implement appropriate measures (e.g., good housekeeping, diversions, containment) to minimize exposure resulting from adding to or removing materials from the pile. All salt storage piles shall be located on an impervious surface. All runoff from the pile, and/or runoff that comes in contact with salt, including under drain systems, shall be collected and contained within a bermed basin lined with concrete or other impermeable materials, or within an underground storage tank(s), or within an above ground storage tank(s), or disposed of through a sanitary sewer (with the permission of the treatment facility). A combination of any or all of these methods may be used. In no case shall salt contaminated storm water be allowed to discharge directly to the ground or to state waters. [ 6. Approval for coverage under this general permit does not relieve the permittee of the responsibility to comply with any other applicable federal, state, or local statute, ordinance, or regulation. ]

[ 7. 6. ] Discharges to waters subject to TMDL wasteload allocations.

Facilities a. Owners of facilities that are a source of the specified pollutant of concern to waters for which a "total maximum daily load" (TMDL) wasteload allocation has been established by the board and approved by EPA prior to the term of this permit shall incorporate measures and controls into the SWPPP required by Part III that are consistent with the assumptions and requirements of the TMDL. The department will provide written notification to the owner that a facility is subject to the TMDL requirements. The facility's SWPPP shall specifically address any conditions or requirements included in the TMDL that are applicable to discharges from the facility. If the TMDL establishes a specific numeric wasteload allocation that applies to discharges from the facility, the owner shall perform any required monitoring in accordance with Part I A 1 c (3), and implement [ BMPs control measures ] designed to meet that allocation.

b. Facilities in the Chesapeake Bay watershed.

(1) Owners of facilities in the Chesapeake Bay watershed shall monitor their discharges for total suspended solids (TSS), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) to characterize the contributions from their facility's specific industrial sector for these parameters [ ,. ] After the facility is granted coverage under the permit, samples shall be collected during each of the first four monitoring periods (i.e., the first two years of permit coverage). Monitoring periods are specified in Part I A 2. Samples shall be collected and analyzed in accordance with Part I A 2. Monitoring results shall be reported in accordance with Part I A 5 and Part II C, and retained in accordance with Part II B.

[ (2) Facilities that were covered under the 2009 industrial stormwater general permit that sampled for TSS, TN, or TP may use applicable sampling data from the last two monitoring periods of that permit and the first two monitoring periods of this permit to satisfy the four consecutive monitoring periods requirement.

(3) Chesapeake Bay TMDL wasteload allocations and Chesapeake Bay TMDL action plans.

(a) EPA's Chesapeake Bay TMDL (December 29, 2010) includes wasteload allocations for VPDES permitted industrial storm water facilities as part of the regulated stormwater aggregate load. EPA used data submitted by Virginia with the Phase I Chesapeake Bay TMDL Watershed Implementation Plan, including the number of industrial stormwater permits per county and the number of urban acres regulated by industrial stormwater permits, as part of their development of the aggregate load. Aggregate loads for industrial storm water facilities were appropriate because actual facility loading data were not available to develop individual facility wasteload allocations.

Virginia estimated the loadings from industrial stormwater facilities using actual and estimated facility acreage information and TP, TN, and TSS loading values from the Northern Virginia Planning District Commission (NVPDC) Guidebook for Screening Urban Nonpoint Pollution Management Strategies (Annandale, VA November 1979), prepared for the Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments. The loading values used were as follows:

TP - High (80%) imperviousness industrial; 1.5 lb/ac/yr

TN - High (80%) imperviousness industrial; 12.3 lb/ac/yr

TSS - High (80%) imperviousness industrial; 440 lb/ac/yr

The actual facility area information and the TP, TN, and TSS data collected for this permit will be used by the board to quantify the nutrient and sediment loads from VPDES permitted industrial storm water facilities and will be submitted to EPA to aid in further refinements to its Chesapeake Bay TMDL model. The loading information will also be used by the board to determine any additional load reductions needed for industrial storm water facilities for the next reissuance of this permit.

(b) Data analysis and Chesapeake Bay TMDL action plans. The permittee shall analyze the nutrient and sediment data collected in accordance with subdivision 7 b (1) of this subsection to determine if additional action is needed for this permit term. The permittee shall average the data collected at the facility for each of the pollutants of concern (POC) (e.g., TP, TN, and TSS) and compare the results to the loading values for TP, TN, and TSS presented in subdivision 7 b (3) (a) of this subsection. To calculate the facility loadings, the permittee may use either (i) actual annual average rainfall data for the facility location (in inches/year), or the Virginia annual average rainfall of 44.3 inches/year; or (ii) another method approved by the board.

The following formula may be used to determine the loading value:

L = (0.2263 x R x C) / A

where:

L = the POC loading value (lb/acre/year)

R = the annual average rainfall (inches/year)

C = the POC average concentration of all facility samples (mg/L)

A = the facility industrial activity area (acres)

(c) If the calculated facility loading value for TP, TN, or TSS is above the loading values for TP, TN, or TSS presented in subdivision 7 b (3) (a) of this subsection, then the permittee shall develop and submit to the board for review and approval a Chesapeake Bay TMDL Action Plan. The plan shall be submitted within 90 days from the end of the second year's monitoring period (by September 28, 2016). The permittee shall implement the approved plan over the remaining term of this permit to achieve all the necessary reductions by June 30, 2024. The action plan shall include:

(i) A determination of the total pollutant load reductions for TP, TN, and TSS (as appropriate) necessary to reduce the annual loads from industrial activities. This shall be determined by calculating the difference between the loading values listed in subdivision 7 b (3) (a) of this subsection, and the average of the sampling data for TP, TN, or TSS (as appropriate) for the entire facility. The reduction applies to the total difference calculated for each pollutant of concern;

(ii) The means and methods, such as management practices and retrofit programs, that will be utilized to meet the required reductions determined in subdivision 7 b (3) (c) (i) of this subsection, and a schedule to achieve those reductions by June 30, 2024. The schedule should include annual benchmarks to demonstrate the ongoing progress in meeting those reductions; and

(iii) The permittee may consider utilization of any pollutant trading or offset program in accordance with §§ 62.1-44.19:20 through 62.1-44.19:23 of the Code of Virginia, governing trading and offsetting, to meet the required reductions.

(d) A permittee required to develop and implement a Chesapeake Bay TMDL Action Plan shall submit an annual report to the department by June 30 of each year describing the progress in meeting the required reductions. ]

[ 7. 8. ] Discharges through a [ Virginia Stormwater Management Program (VSMP) ] regulated MS4 to waters subject to the Chesapeake Bay TMDL. [ Any In addition to the requirements of this permit, any ] facility with industrial activity discharges through a [ VSMP ] regulated MS4 that is notified by the MS4 operator that the locality has adopted ordinances to meet the Chesapeake Bay TMDL shall incorporate measures and controls into its SWPPP to comply with [ the local ordinances applicable local TMDL ordinance requirements ].

[ 8. 9. ] Expansion of facilities that discharge to waters subject to the Chesapeake Bay TMDL. [ a. After November 29, 2010, (the date of ] Virginia's Phase I Chesapeake Bay TMDL Watershed Implementation Plan [ (November 29, 2010 ] ), [ states that ] the waste loads from any expansion of an existing permitted facility discharging storm water in the Chesapeake Bay watershed cannot exceed the nutrient and sediment loadings that were discharged from the expanded portion of the land prior to the land being developed for the [ expanded ] industrial activity.

[ b. The a. For any industrial activity area expansions (i.e., construction activities, including clearing, grading, and excavation activities) that commence on or after July 1, 2014, (the effective date of this permit), the ] permittee shall document in the SWPPP the information and calculations used to determine the nutrient and sediment loadings discharged from the expanded [ portion of the ] land [ area ] prior to the land being developed [ , ] and the measures and controls that were employed to meet the no net increase of stormwater nutrient and sediment load as a result of the expansion of the industrial activity. [ Any land disturbance that is exempt from permitting under the VPDES construction stormwater general permit regulation (9VAC25-880) is exempt from this requirement. ]

[ c. b. ] The permittee may use the VSMP water quality design criteria to meet the requirements of [ subdivisions a and b subdivision 9 a ] of this subsection. Under this criteria, the total phosphorus load shall not exceed the greater of: (i) the total phosphorus load that was discharged from the expanded portion of the land prior to the land being developed for the industrial activity or (ii) 0.41 pounds per acre per year. Compliance with the water quality design criteria may be determined utilizing the Virginia Runoff Reduction Method or another equivalent methodology approved by the board. Design specifications and pollutant removal efficiencies for [ specific ] BMPs can be found on the Virginia [ Storm Water Stormwater ] BMP Clearinghouse website at http://www.vwrrc.vt.edu/swc.

[ d. The facility owner may acquire nutrient credits c. The permittee may consider utilization of any pollutant trading or offset program in accordance with §§ 62.1-44.19:20 through 62.1-44.19:23 of the Code of Virginia, governing trading and offsetting, ] to meet the no net increase requirement [ in accordance with applicable regulations ].

8. [ 9. 10. ] Water quality protection. The discharges authorized by this permit shall be controlled as necessary to meet applicable water quality standards. The permittee shall employ an iterative, BMP-based program to select, install, implement and maintain best management practices (BMPs) at the facility designed to minimize pollutants in the storm water discharges, and to address any exceedance of any applicable water quality standard, effluent limitation, or TMDL waste load allocation. The board expects that compliance with the conditions in this permit will control discharges as necessary to meet applicable water quality standards. If there is evidence indicating that the storm water discharges authorized by this permit are causing, have the reasonable potential to cause, or are contributing to an excursion above an applicable water quality standard, an excursion above a TMDL wasteload allocation, or are causing downstream pollution (as defined in § 62.1-44.3 of the Code of Virginia), the board may require the permittee to take corrective action in accordance with Part I A 5 b and c, and include and implement appropriate controls in the SWPPP to correct the problem, or may require the permittee to obtain an individual permit in accordance with 9VAC25-31-170 B 3.

9. Adding/deleting [ 10. 11. ] Adding or deleting storm water outfalls. The permittee may add new and/or or delete existing storm water outfalls at the facility as necessary/appropriate necessary and appropriate. The permittee shall update the SWPPP and notify the department of all outfall changes within 30 days of the change. The permittee shall submit a copy of the updated SWPPP site map with [ their this ] notification.

10. [ 11. 12. ] Antidegradation requirements for new or increased discharges to high quality waters. Facilities that add new outfalls, or increase their discharges from existing outfalls that discharge directly to high quality waters designated under Virginia's water quality standards antidegradation policy under 9VAC25-260-30 A 2 may be notified by the department that additional control measures, or other permit conditions are necessary to comply with the applicable antidegradation requirements, or may be notified that an individual permit is required in accordance with 9VAC25-31-170 B 3.

[ 12. 13. ] If the permittee discharges to surface waters through a municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4), the permittee shall, within 30 days of coverage under this general permit, notify the owner of the MS4 in writing of the existence of the discharge and provide the following information: the name of the facility, a contact person and phone number, the location of the discharge, the nature of the discharge, and the facility's VPDES general permit registration number. A copy of such notification shall be provided to the department.

[ 13. 14. ] Termination of permit coverage.

a. The owner may terminate coverage under this general permit by filing a complete notice of termination. The notice of termination may be filed after one or more of the following conditions have been met:

(1) Operations have ceased at the facility and there are no longer discharges of storm water associated with industrial activity from the facility;

(2) A new owner has assumed responsibility for the facility (Note: A notice of termination does not have to be submitted if a VPDES Change of Ownership Agreement Form has been submitted);

(3) All storm water discharges associated with industrial activity have been covered by an individual VPDES permit; or

(4) Termination of coverage is being requested for another reason, provided the board agrees that coverage under this general permit is no longer needed.

b. The notice of termination shall contain the following information:

(1) Owner's name, mailing address, telephone number, and email address (if available);

(2) Facility name and location;

(3) VPDES industrial storm water general permit registration number;

(4) The basis for submitting the notice of termination, including:

(a) A statement indicating that a new owner has assumed responsibility for the facility;

(b) A statement indicating that operations have ceased at the facility, and there are no longer discharges of storm water associated with industrial activity from the facility;

(c) A statement indicating that all storm water discharges associated with industrial activity have been covered by an individual VPDES permit; or

(d) A statement indicating that termination of coverage is being requested for another reason (state the reason); and

(5) The following certification: "I certify under penalty of law that all storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from the identified facility that are authorized by this VPDES general permit have been eliminated, or covered under a VPDES individual permit, or that I am no longer the owner of the industrial activity, or permit coverage should be terminated for another reason listed above. I understand that by submitting this notice of termination, that I am no longer authorized to discharge storm water associated with industrial activity in accordance with the general permit, and that discharging pollutants in storm water associated with industrial activity to surface waters is unlawful where the discharge is not authorized by a VPDES permit. I also understand that the submittal of this notice of termination does not release an owner from liability for any violations of this permit or the Clean Water Act."

c. The notice of termination shall be signed in accordance with Part II K.

d. The notice of termination shall be submitted to the DEQ regional office serving the area where the industrial facility is located.

Part II
Conditions Applicable to All VPDES Permits

A. Monitoring.

1. Samples and measurements taken as required by this permit shall be representative of the monitored activity.

2. Monitoring shall be conducted according to procedures approved under 40 CFR Part 136 (2007) or alternative methods approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, unless other procedures have been specified in this permit.

3. The permittee shall periodically calibrate and perform maintenance procedures on all monitoring and analytical instrumentation at intervals that will [ insure ensure ] accuracy of measurements.

4. Samples taken as required by this permit shall be analyzed in accordance with 1VAC30-45 (Certification for Noncommercial Environmental Laboratories) or 1VAC30-46 (Accreditation for Commercial Environmental Laboratories).

B. Records.

1. Records of monitoring information shall include:

a. The date, exact place, and time of sampling or measurements;

b. The individual(s) who performed the sampling or measurements;

c. The date(s) and time(s) analyses were performed;

d. The individual(s) who performed the analyses;

e. The analytical techniques or methods used; and

f. The results of such analyses.

2. The permittee shall retain copies of the SWPPP, including any modifications made during the term of this permit, records of all monitoring information, including all calibration and maintenance records and all original strip chart recordings for continuous monitoring instrumentation, copies of all reports required by this permit, and records of all data used to complete the registration statement for this permit, for a period of at least three years from the date that coverage under this permit expires or is terminated. This period of retention shall be extended automatically during the course of any unresolved litigation regarding the regulated activity or regarding control standards applicable to the permittee, or as requested by the board.

C. Reporting monitoring results.

1. The permittee shall submit the results of the monitoring required by this permit not later than the 10th day of the month after monitoring takes place, unless another reporting schedule is specified elsewhere in this permit. Monitoring results shall be submitted to the department's regional office.

2. Monitoring results shall be reported on a discharge monitoring report (DMR) or on forms provided, approved or specified by the department.

3. If the permittee monitors any pollutant specifically addressed by this permit more frequently than required by this permit using test procedures approved under 40 CFR Part 136 (2007) or using other test procedures approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or using procedures specified in this permit, the results of this monitoring shall be included in the calculation and reporting of the data submitted on the DMR or reporting form specified by the department.

4. Calculations for all limitations which require averaging of measurements shall utilize an arithmetic mean unless otherwise specified in this permit.

D. Duty to provide information. The permittee shall furnish to the department, within a reasonable time, any information which the board may request to determine whether cause exists for modifying, revoking and reissuing, or terminating coverage under this permit or to determine compliance with this permit. The board may require the permittee to furnish, upon request, such plans, specifications, and other pertinent information as may be necessary to determine the effect of the wastes from his the discharge on the quality of state waters, or such other information as may be necessary to accomplish the purposes of the State Water Control Law. The permittee shall also furnish to the department upon request, copies of records required to be kept by this permit.

E. Compliance schedule reports. Reports of compliance or noncompliance with, or any progress reports on, interim and final requirements contained in any compliance schedule of this permit shall be submitted no later than 14 days following each schedule date.

F. Unauthorized discharges. Except in compliance with this permit, or another permit issued by the board, it shall be unlawful for any person to:

1. Discharge into state waters sewage, industrial wastes, other wastes, or any noxious or deleterious substances; or

2. Otherwise alter the physical, chemical or biological properties of such state waters and make them detrimental to the public health, or to animal or aquatic life, or to the use of such waters for domestic or industrial consumption, or for recreation, or for other uses.

G. Reports of unauthorized discharges. Any permittee who discharges or causes or allows a discharge of sewage, industrial waste, other wastes or any noxious or deleterious substance into or upon state waters in violation of Part II F; or who discharges or causes or allows a discharge that may reasonably be expected to enter state waters in violation of Part II F, shall notify the department of the discharge immediately upon discovery of the discharge, but in no case later than 24 hours after said discovery. A written report of the unauthorized discharge shall be submitted to the department within five days of discovery of the discharge. The written report shall contain:

1. A description of the nature and location of the discharge;

2. The cause of the discharge;

3. The date on which the discharge occurred;

4. The length of time that the discharge continued;

5. The volume of the discharge;

6. If the discharge is continuing, how long it is expected to continue;

7. If the discharge is continuing, what the expected total volume of the discharge will be; and

8. Any steps planned or taken to reduce, eliminate and prevent a recurrence of the present discharge or any future discharges not authorized by this permit.

Discharges reportable to the department under the immediate reporting requirements of other regulations are exempted from this requirement.

H. Reports of unusual or extraordinary discharges. If any unusual or extraordinary discharge including a bypass or upset should occur from a treatment works and the discharge enters or could be expected to enter state waters, the permittee shall promptly notify, in no case later than 24 hours, the department by telephone after the discovery of the discharge. This notification shall provide all available details of the incident, including any adverse [ affects effects ] on aquatic life and the known number of fish killed. The permittee shall reduce the report to writing and shall submit it to the department within five days of discovery of the discharge in accordance with Part II I 2. Unusual and extraordinary discharges include but are not limited to any discharge resulting from:

1. Unusual spillage of materials resulting directly or indirectly from processing operations;

2. Breakdown of processing or accessory equipment;

3. Failure or taking out of service some or all of the treatment works; and

4. Flooding or other acts of nature.

I. Reports of noncompliance. The permittee shall report any noncompliance which may adversely affect state waters or may endanger public health.

1. An oral report shall be provided within 24 hours from the time the permittee becomes aware of the circumstances. The following shall be included as information which shall be reported within 24 hours under this paragraph:

a. Any unanticipated bypass; and

b. Any upset which causes a discharge to surface waters.

2. A written report shall be submitted within five days and shall contain:

a. A description of the noncompliance and its cause;

b. The period of noncompliance, including exact dates and times, and if the noncompliance has not been corrected, the anticipated time it is expected to continue; and

c. Steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent reoccurrence of the noncompliance.

The board may waive the written report on a case-by-case basis for reports of noncompliance under Part II I if the oral report has been received within 24 hours and no adverse impact on state waters has been reported.

3. The permittee shall report all instances of noncompliance not reported under Part II I 1 or 2, in writing, at the time the next monitoring reports are submitted. The reports shall contain the information listed in Part II I 2.

NOTE: The immediate (within 24 hours) reports required in Part II G, H and I may be made to the department's regional office. Reports may be made by telephone or by fax, FAX, or online at http://www.deq.virginia.gov/Programs/Pollution
ResponsePreparedness/MakingaReport.aspx. For reports outside normal working hours, leave a message may be left and this shall fulfill the immediate reporting requirement. For emergencies, the Virginia Department of Emergency Management maintains a 24-hour telephone service at 1-800-468-8892.

J. Notice of planned changes.

1. The permittee shall give notice to the department as soon as possible of any planned physical alterations or additions to the permitted facility. Notice is required only when:

a. The permittee plans alteration or addition to any building, structure, facility, or installation from which there is or may be a discharge of pollutants, the construction of which commenced:

(1) After promulgation of standards of performance under § 306 of the Clean Water Act which are applicable to such source; or

(2) After proposal of standards of performance in accordance with § 306 of the Clean Water Act which are applicable to such source, but only if the standards are promulgated in accordance with § 306 within 120 days of their proposal;

b. The alteration or addition could significantly change the nature or increase the quantity of pollutants discharged. This notification applies to pollutants which are subject neither to effluent limitations nor to notification requirements specified elsewhere in this permit; or

c. The alteration or addition results in a significant change in the permittee's sludge use or disposal practices, and such alteration, addition, or change may justify the application of permit conditions that are different from or absent in the existing permit, including notification of additional use or disposal sites not reported during the permit application process or not reported pursuant to an approved land application plan.

2. The permittee shall give advance notice to the department of any planned changes in the permitted facility or activity which may result in noncompliance with permit requirements.

K. Signatory requirements.

1. Registration statement. All registration statements shall be signed as follows:

a. For a corporation: by a responsible corporate officer. For the purpose of this section, a responsible corporate officer means: (i) a president, secretary, treasurer, or vice-president of the corporation in charge of a principal business function, or any other person who performs similar policy-making or decision-making functions for the corporation; or (ii) the manager of one or more manufacturing, production, or operating facilities, provided the manager is authorized to make management decisions that govern the operation of the regulated facility including having the explicit or implicit duty of making major capital investment recommendations, and initiating and directing other comprehensive measures to assure long-term environmental compliance with environmental laws and regulations; the manager can ensure that the necessary systems are established or actions taken to gather complete and accurate information for permit application registration requirements; and where authority to sign documents has been assigned or delegated to the manager in accordance with corporate procedures;

b. For a partnership or sole proprietorship: by a general partner or the proprietor, respectively; or

c. For a municipality, state, federal, or other public agency: by either a principal executive officer or ranking elected official. For purposes of this section, a principal executive officer of a public agency includes: (i) the chief executive officer of the agency, or (ii) a senior executive officer having responsibility for the overall operations of a principal geographic unit of the agency.

2. Reports, etc. All reports required by permits, and other information requested by the board shall be signed by a person described in Part II K 1 or by a duly authorized representative of that person. A person is a duly authorized representative only if:

a. The authorization is made in writing by a person described in Part II K 1;

b. The authorization specifies either an individual or a position having responsibility for the overall operation of the regulated facility or activity such as the position of plant manager, operator of a well or a well field, superintendent, position of equivalent responsibility, or an individual or position having overall responsibility for environmental matters for the company. A duly authorized representative may thus be either a named individual or any individual occupying a named position; and

c. The written authorization is submitted to the department.

3. Changes to authorization. If an authorization under Part II K 2 is no longer accurate because a different individual or position has responsibility for the overall operation of the facility, a new authorization satisfying the requirements of Part II K 2 shall be submitted to the department prior to or together with any reports, or information to be signed by an authorized representative.

4. Certification. Any person signing a document under Part II K 1 or 2 shall make the following certification:

"I certify under penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations."

L. Duty to comply. The permittee shall comply with all conditions of this permit. Any permit noncompliance constitutes a violation of the State Water Control Law and the Clean Water Act, except that noncompliance with certain provisions of this permit may constitute a violation of the State Water Control Law but not the Clean Water Act. Permit noncompliance is grounds for enforcement action; for permit termination, revocation and reissuance, or modification; or denial of a permit coverage renewal application.

The permittee shall comply with effluent standards or prohibitions established under § 307(a) of the Clean Water Act for toxic pollutants and with standards for sewage sludge use or disposal established under § 405(d) of the Clean Water Act within the time provided in the regulations that establish these standards or prohibitions or standards for sewage sludge use or disposal, even if this permit has not yet been modified to incorporate the requirement.

M. Duty to reapply. If the permittee wishes to continue an activity regulated by this permit after the expiration date of this permit, the permittee shall submit a new registration statement at least 90 60 days before the expiration date of the existing permit, unless permission for a later date has been granted by the board. The board shall not grant permission for registration statements to be submitted later than the expiration date of the existing permit.

N. Effect of a permit. This permit does not convey any property rights in either real or personal property or any exclusive privileges, nor does it authorize any injury to private property or invasion of personal rights, or any infringement of federal, state or local law or regulations.

O. State law. Nothing in this permit shall be construed to preclude the institution of any legal action under, or relieve the permittee from any responsibilities, liabilities, or penalties established pursuant to any other state law or regulation or under authority preserved by § 510 of the Clean Water Act. Except as provided in permit conditions on "bypassing" (Part II U), and "upset" (Part II V) nothing in this permit shall be construed to relieve the permittee from civil and criminal penalties for noncompliance.

P. Oil and hazardous substance liability. Nothing in this permit shall be construed to preclude the institution of any legal action or relieve the permittee from any responsibilities, liabilities, or penalties to which the permittee is or may be subject under §§ 62.1-44.34:14 through 62.1-44.34:23 of the State Water Control Law.

Q. Proper operation and maintenance. The permittee shall at all times properly operate and maintain all facilities and systems of treatment and control (and related appurtenances) which are installed or used by the permittee to achieve compliance with the conditions of this permit. Proper operation and maintenance also includes effective plant performance, adequate funding, adequate staffing, and adequate laboratory and process controls, including appropriate quality assurance procedures. This provision requires the operation of back-up or auxiliary facilities or similar systems which are installed by the permittee only when the operation is necessary to achieve compliance with the conditions of this permit.

R. Disposal of solids or sludges. Solids, sludges or other pollutants removed in the course of treatment or management of pollutants shall be disposed of in a manner so as to prevent any pollutant from such materials from entering state waters.

S. Duty to mitigate. The permittee shall take all reasonable steps to minimize or prevent any discharge or sludge use or disposal in violation of this permit which has a reasonable likelihood of adversely affecting human health or the environment.

T. Need to halt or reduce activity not a defense. It shall not be a defense for a permittee in an enforcement action that it would have been necessary to halt or reduce the permitted activity in order to maintain compliance with the conditions of this permit.

U. Bypass.

1. "Bypass" means the intentional diversion of waste streams from any portion of a treatment facility. The permittee may allow any bypass to occur which does not cause effluent limitations to be exceeded, but only if it also is for essential maintenance to assure efficient operation. These bypasses are not subject to the provisions of Part II U 2 and 3.

2. Notice.

a. Anticipated bypass. If the permittee knows in advance of the need for a bypass, prior notice shall be submitted, if possible at least 10 days before the date of the bypass.

b. Unanticipated bypass. The permittee shall submit notice of an unanticipated bypass as required in Part II I.

3. Prohibition of bypass.

a. Bypass is prohibited, and the board may take enforcement action against a permittee for bypass, unless:

(1) Bypass was unavoidable to prevent loss of life, personal injury, or severe property damage;

(2) There were no feasible alternatives to the bypass, such as the use of auxiliary treatment facilities, retention of untreated wastes, or maintenance during normal periods of equipment downtime. This condition is not satisfied if adequate back-up equipment should have been installed in the exercise of reasonable engineering judgment to prevent a bypass which occurred during normal periods of equipment downtime or preventive maintenance; and

(3) The permittee submitted notices as required under Part II U 2.

b. The board may approve an anticipated bypass, after considering its adverse effects, if the board determines that it will meet the three conditions listed above in Part II U 3 a.

V. Upset.

1. An upset constitutes an affirmative defense to an action brought for noncompliance with technology based permit effluent limitations if the requirements of Part II V 2 are met. A determination made during administrative review of claims that noncompliance was caused by upset, and before an action for noncompliance, is not a final administrative action subject to judicial review.

2. A permittee who wishes to establish the affirmative defense of upset shall demonstrate, through properly signed, contemporaneous operating logs, or other relevant evidence that:

a. An upset occurred and that the permittee can identify the cause(s) of the upset;

b. The permitted facility was at the time being properly operated;

c. The permittee submitted notice of the upset as required in Part II I; and

d. The permittee complied with any remedial measures required under Part II S.

3. In any enforcement proceeding the permittee seeking to establish the occurrence of an upset has the burden of proof.

W. Inspection and entry. The permittee shall allow the director, or an authorized representative, upon presentation of credentials and other documents as may be required by law, to:

1. Enter upon the permittee's premises where a regulated facility or activity is located or conducted, or where records must be kept under the conditions of this permit;

2. Have access to and copy, at reasonable times, any records that must be kept under the conditions of this permit;

3. Inspect at reasonable times any facilities, equipment (including monitoring and control equipment), practices, or operations regulated or required under this permit; and

4. Sample or monitor at reasonable times, for the purposes of assuring permit compliance or as otherwise authorized by the Clean Water Act and the State Water Control Law, any substances or parameters at any location.

For purposes of this section, the time for inspection shall be deemed reasonable during regular business hours, and whenever the facility is discharging. Nothing contained herein shall make an inspection unreasonable during an emergency.

X. Permit actions. Permits may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated for cause. The filing of a request by the permittee for a permit modification, revocation and reissuance, or termination, or a notification of planned changes or anticipated noncompliance does not stay any permit condition.

Y. Transfer of permits.

1. Permits are not transferable to any person except after notice to the department. Except as provided in Part II Y 2, a permit may be transferred by the permittee to a new owner or operator only if the permit has been modified or revoked and reissued, or a minor modification made, to identify the new permittee and incorporate such other requirements as may be necessary under the State Water Control Law and the Clean Water Act.

2. As an alternative to transfers under Part II Y 1, Coverage under this permit may be automatically transferred to a new permittee if:

a. 1. The current permittee notifies the department [ at least within ] 30 days [ in advance ] of the proposed transfer of the title to the facility or property, unless permission for a later date has been granted by the board;

b. 2. The notice includes a written agreement between the existing and new permittees containing a specific date for transfer of permit responsibility, coverage, and liability between them; and

c. 3. The board does not notify the existing permittee and the proposed new permittee of its intent to modify or revoke and reissue deny the new permittee coverage under the permit. If this notice is not received, the transfer is effective on the date specified in the agreement mentioned in Part II Y 2 b.

Z. Severability. The provisions of this permit are severable, and if any provision of this permit or the application of any provision of this permit to any circumstance, is held invalid, the application of such provision to other circumstances, and the remainder of this permit, shall not be affected thereby.

Part III
Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan

9VAC25-151-80. Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plans.

A Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) shall be developed and implemented for the facility covered by this permit. The SWPPP [ shall include ] Best Management Practices (BMPs) that are reasonable, economically practicable, and appropriate in light of current industry practices. The BMPs shall be [ is intended to document the selection, design, and installation of ] control measures [ selected, designed, installed, implemented and maintained in accordance with good engineering practices and manufacturer's specifications, including BMPs, ] to eliminate or reduce the pollutants in all storm water discharges from the facility. The SWPPP shall also include any control measures necessary for the storm water discharges, and to meet applicable effluent limitations and water quality standards.

The SWPPP requirements of this general permit may be fulfilled, in part, by incorporating by reference other plans or documents such as a spill prevention control and countermeasure (SPCC) plan developed for the facility under § 311 of the Clean Water Act, or best management practices (BMP) programs otherwise required for the facility, provided that the incorporated plan meets or exceeds the plan requirements of Part III B (Contents of the Plan). All plans incorporated by reference into the SWPPP become enforceable under this permit. If a plan incorporated by reference does not contain all of the required elements of the SWPPP of Part III B, the permittee shall develop the missing SWPPP elements and include them in the required plan.

A. Deadlines for plan preparation and compliance.

1. Facilities that were covered under the 2004 2009 Industrial Storm Water General Permit. Owners of facilities that were covered under the 2004 2009 Industrial Storm Water General Permit who are continuing coverage under this general permit shall update and implement any revisions to the SWPPP not later than October 1, 2009 within 90 days of the board granting coverage under this permit.

2. New facilities, facilities previously covered by an expiring individual permit, and existing facilities not currently covered by a VPDES permit. Owners of new facilities, facilities previously covered by an expiring individual permit, and existing facilities not currently covered by a VPDES permit who elect to be covered under this general permit shall prepare and implement the SWPPP prior to submitting the registration statement.

3. New owners of existing facilities. Where the owner of an existing facility that is covered by this permit changes, the new owner of the facility shall update and implement any revisions to the SWPPP within 60 days of the ownership change.

4. Extensions. Upon a showing of good cause, the director may establish a later date in writing for the preparation and compliance with the SWPPP.

B. Contents of the plan. The contents of the SWPPP shall comply with the requirements listed below and those in the appropriate sectors of Part IV (9VAC25-151-90 et seq.) [ . ] These requirements are cumulative. If a facility has colocated activities that are covered in more than one sector of Part IV, that facility's pollution prevention plan shall comply with the requirements listed in all applicable sectors. The following requirements are applicable to all SWPPPs developed under this general permit. The plan shall include, at a minimum, the following items:

1. Pollution prevention team. The plan shall identify the staff individuals by name or title that who comprise the facility's storm water pollution prevention team. The pollution prevention team is responsible for assisting the facility or plant manager in developing, implementing, maintaining, revising and ensuring compliance with the facility's SWPPP. Specific responsibilities of each staff individual on the team shall be identified and listed.

2. Site description. The SWPPP shall include the following:

a. Activities at the facility. A description of the nature of the industrial activities at the facility.

b. General location map. A general location map (e.g., USGS quadrangle or other map) with enough detail to identify the location of the facility and the receiving waters within one mile of the facility.

c. Site map. A site Map map identifying the following:

(1) The [ boundaries of the property and the ] size of the property (in acres);

(2) The location and extent of significant structures and impervious surfaces (roofs, paved areas and other impervious areas);

(3) Locations of all storm water conveyances including ditches, pipes, swales, and inlets, and the directions of storm water flow (use arrows to show which ways storm water will flow);

(4) Locations of all existing structural and source control [ measures, including ] BMPs;

(5) Locations of all surface water bodies, including wetlands;

(6) Locations of potential pollutant sources identified under Part III B 3;

(7) Locations where significant spills or leaks identified under Part III B 4 have occurred;

(8) Locations of the following activities where such activities are exposed to precipitation: fueling stations; vehicle and equipment maintenance and/or and cleaning areas; loading/unloading loading and unloading areas; locations used for the treatment, storage or disposal of wastes; liquid storage tanks; processing and storage areas; access roads, rail cars and tracks; transfer areas for substances in bulk; and machinery;

(9) Locations of storm water outfalls and an approximate outline of the area draining to each outfall, and location of municipal storm sewer systems, if the storm water from the facility discharges to them. Outfalls shall be numbered using a unique numerical identification code for each outfall (e.g., Outfall No. 001, No. 002, etc.);

(10) Location and description of all nonstorm water discharges;

(11) Location of any storage piles containing salt used for deicing or other commercial or industrial purposes; and

(12) Locations and sources of runon to the site from adjacent property, where the runon contains significant quantities of pollutants. The permittee shall include an evaluation with the SWPPP of how the quality of the storm water running onto the facility impacts the facility's storm water discharges.; and

(13) Locations of all storm water monitoring points.

d. Receiving waters and wetlands. The name of all surface waters receiving discharges from the site, including intermittent streams, dry sloughs, and arroyos. Provide a description of wetland sites that may receive discharges from the facility. If the facility discharges through a municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4), identify the MS4 operator, and the receiving water to which the MS4 discharges.

3. Summary of potential pollutant sources. The plan shall identify each separate area at the facility where industrial materials or activities are exposed to storm water. Industrial materials or activities include, but are not limited to: material handling equipment or activities, industrial machinery, raw materials, industrial production and processes, intermediate products, byproducts, final products, and waste products. Material handling activities include, but are not limited to: the storage, loading and unloading, transportation, disposal, or conveyance of any raw material, intermediate product, final product or waste product. For each separate area identified, the description shall include:

a. Activities in the area. A list of the industrial activities exposed to storm water (e.g., material storage, equipment fueling and cleaning, cutting steel beams); and

b. Pollutants. A list of the associated pollutant(s) or pollutant constituents (e.g., crankcase oil, zinc, sulfuric acid, cleaning solvents, etc.) for associated with each industrial activity. The pollutant list shall include all significant materials handled, treated, stored or disposed that have been exposed to storm water in the three years prior to the date this SWPPP was prepared or amended. The list shall include any hazardous substances or oil at the facility.

4. c. Spills and leaks. The SWPPP shall clearly identify areas where potential spills and leaks that can contribute pollutants to storm water discharges can occur and their corresponding outfalls. The plan shall include a list of significant spills and leaks of toxic or hazardous pollutants that actually occurred at exposed areas, or that drained to a storm water conveyance during the three-year period prior to the date this SWPPP was prepared or amended. The list shall be updated if significant spills or leaks occur in exposed areas of the facility during the term of the permit. Significant spills and leaks include, but are not limited to, releases of oil or hazardous substances in excess of reportable quantities, and may also include releases of oil or hazardous substances that are not in excess of reporting requirements.

5. d. Sampling data. The plan shall include a summary of existing storm water discharge sampling data taken at the facility. The summary shall include, at a minimum, any data collected during the previous permit term.

6. 4. Storm water controls.

a. Control measures [ (BMPs) ] shall be implemented for all the areas identified in Part III B 3 (summary of potential pollutant sources) to prevent or control pollutants in storm water discharges from the facility. All reasonable steps shall be taken to control or address the quality of discharges from the site that may not originate at the facility. Regulated storm water discharges from the facility include storm water runon that commingles with storm water discharges associated with industrial activity at the facility. The SWPPP shall describe the type, location and implementation of all BMPs control measures for each area where industrial materials or activities are exposed to storm water.

Selection of BMPs control measures shall take into consideration:

(1) That preventing storm water from coming into contact with polluting materials is generally more effective, and less costly, than trying to remove pollutants from storm water;

(2) BMPs Control measures generally shall be used in combination with each other for most effective water quality protection;

(3) Assessing the type and quantity of pollutants, including their potential to impact receiving water quality, is critical to designing effective control measures;

(4) That minimizing impervious areas at the facility can reduce runoff and improve groundwater recharge and stream base flows in local streams (however, care must be taken to avoid ground water contamination);

(5) Flow attenuation by use of open vegetated swales and natural depressions can reduce in-stream impacts of erosive flows;

(6) Conservation or restoration of riparian buffers will help protect streams from storm water runoff and improve water quality; and

(7) Treatment interceptors (e.g., swirl separators and sand filters) may be appropriate in some instances to minimize the discharge of pollutants.

b. Control measures (Nonnumeric technology-based effluent limits) Nonnumeric technology-based effluent limits. The permittee shall implement the following types of BMPs control measures to prevent and control pollutants in the storm water discharges from the facility, unless it can be demonstrated and documented that such controls are not relevant to the discharges (e.g., there are no storage piles containing salt).

(1) Good housekeeping. The permittee shall keep clean all exposed areas of the facility that are potential sources of pollutants to storm water discharges. Typical problem areas include areas around trash containers, storage areas, loading docks, and vehicle fueling and maintenance areas. The plan shall include a schedule for regular pickup and disposal of waste materials, along with routine inspections for leaks and conditions of drums, tanks and containers. The introduction of raw, final or waste materials to exposed areas of the facility shall be minimized to the maximum extent practicable. The generation of dust, along with off-site vehicle tracking of raw, final or waste materials, or sediments, shall be minimized to the maximum extent practicable.

(2) Eliminating and minimizing exposure. To the extent practicable, industrial materials and activities manufacturing, processing, and material storage areas (including loading and unloading, storage, disposal, cleaning, maintenance, and fueling operations) shall be located inside, or protected by a storm-resistant covering to prevent exposure to rain, snow, snowmelt, and runoff. Note: Eliminating exposure at all industrial areas may make the facility eligible for the "Conditional Exclusion for No Exposure" provision of 9VAC25-31-120 E, thereby eliminating the need to have a permit.

(3) Preventive maintenance. The permittee shall have a preventive maintenance program that includes regular inspection, testing, maintenance and repairing of all industrial equipment and systems to avoid breakdowns or failures situations that could result in leaks, spill spills and other releases of pollutants in storm water discharged from the facility. This program is in addition to the specific BMP control measure maintenance required under Part III C (Maintenance of BMPs) (Maintenance of control measures).

(4) Spill prevention and response procedures. The plan shall describe the procedures that will be followed for preventing and responding to spills and leaks., including:

(a) Preventive measures include, such as barriers between material storage and traffic areas, secondary containment provisions, and procedures for material storage and handling.;

(b) Response procedures shall include, including notification of appropriate facility personnel, emergency agencies, and regulatory agencies, and procedures for stopping, containing and cleaning up spills. Measures for cleaning up hazardous material spills or leaks shall be consistent with applicable RCRA regulations at 40 CFR Part 264 (2007) and 40 CFR Part 265 (2007). Employees who may cause, detect or respond to a spill or leak shall be trained in these procedures and have necessary spill response equipment available. If possible, one of these individuals shall be a member of the Pollution Prevention Team.;

(c) Procedures for plainly labeling containers (e.g., "used oil," "spent solvents," "fertilizers and pesticides," etc.) that could be susceptible to spillage or leakage to encourage proper handling and facilitate rapid response if spills or leaks occur; and

(c) (d) Contact information for individuals and agencies that must be notified in the event of a spill shall be included in the SWPPP, and in other locations where it will be readily available.

(5) Routine facility inspections. Facility personnel who possess the knowledge and skills to assess conditions and activities that could impact storm water quality at the facility, and who can also evaluate the effectiveness of BMPs shall regularly inspect all areas of the facility where industrial materials or activities are exposed to storm water. These inspections are in addition to, or as part of, the comprehensive site evaluation required under Part III E. At least one member of the Pollution Prevention Team shall participate in the routine facility inspections.

The inspection frequency shall be specified in the plan based upon a consideration of the level of industrial activity at the facility, but shall be a minimum of quarterly unless more frequent intervals are specified elsewhere in the permit or written approval is received from the department for less frequent intervals. The requirement for routine facility inspections is waived for facilities that have maintained an active E3/E4 status. At least once each calendar year, the routine facility inspection must be conducted during a period when a storm water discharge is occurring.

Any deficiencies in the implementation of the SWPPP that are found shall be corrected as soon as practicable, but not later than within 30 days of the inspection, unless permission for a later date is granted in writing by the director. The results of the inspections shall be documented in the SWPPP, along with the date(s) and description(s) of any corrective actions that were taken in response to any deficiencies or opportunities for improvement that were identified.

(5) Salt storage piles or piles containing salt. Storage piles of salt or piles containing salt used for deicing or other commercial or industrial purposes shall be enclosed or covered to prevent exposure to precipitation. The permittee shall implement appropriate measures (e.g., good housekeeping, diversions, containment) to minimize exposure resulting from adding to or removing materials from the pile. All salt storage piles shall be located on an impervious surface. All runoff from the pile, and runoff that comes in contact with salt, including under drain systems, shall be collected and contained within a bermed basin lined with concrete or other impermeable materials, or within an underground storage tank or tanks, or within an above ground storage tank or tanks, or disposed of through a sanitary sewer (with the permission of the owner of the treatment facility). A combination of any or all of these methods may be used. In no case shall salt contaminated storm water be allowed to discharge directly to the ground or to surface waters.

(6) Employee training. The permittee shall implement a storm water employee training program for the facility. [ Employee training shall take place, at a minimum, once per calendar year. The storm water employee training program shall include initial training for new hires. ] The SWPPP shall include a schedule for all types of necessary training, and shall document all training sessions and the employees who received the training. Training shall be provided for all employees who work in areas where industrial materials or activities are exposed to storm water, and for employees who are responsible for implementing activities identified in the SWPPP (e.g., inspectors, maintenance personnel, etc.). The training shall cover the components and goals of the SWPPP, and include such topics as spill response, good housekeeping, material management practices, [ BMP control measure ] operation and maintenance, etc. The SWPPP shall include a summary of any training performed.

(7) Sediment and erosion control. The plan shall identify areas at the facility that, due to topography, land disturbance (e.g., construction, landscaping, site grading), or other factors, have a potential for soil erosion. The permittee shall identify and implement structural, vegetative, and/or and stabilization [ BMPs control measures ] to prevent or control on-site and off-site erosion and sedimentation. Flow velocity dissipation devices shall be placed at discharge locations and along the length of any outfall channel if the flows would otherwise create erosive conditions.

(8) Management of runoff. The plan shall describe the storm water runoff management practices (i.e., permanent structural [ BMPs) control measures) ] for the facility. These types of BMPs control measures are typically used to divert, infiltrate, reuse, or otherwise reduce pollutants in storm water discharges from the site.

Structural [ BMPs control measures ] may require a separate permit under § 404 of the CWA and the Virginia Water Protection Permit Program Regulation (9VAC25-210) before installation begins.

(9) Dust suppression and vehicle tracking of industrial materials. The permittee shall implement control measures to minimize the generation of dust and off-site tracking of raw, final, or waste materials. Storm water collected on-site may be used for the purposes of dust suppression or for spraying stockpiles. Potable water [ and, ] well water [ , and uncontaminated reuse water ] may also be used for this purpose. There shall be no direct discharge to surface waters from dust suppression activities or as a result of spraying stockpiles.

5. Routine facility inspections. Facility personnel who possess the knowledge and skills to assess conditions and activities that could impact storm water quality at the facility and who can also evaluate the effectiveness of control measures shall regularly inspect all areas of the facility where industrial materials or activities are exposed to storm water. These inspections are in addition to, or as part of, the comprehensive site evaluation required under Part III E. At least one member of the pollution prevention team shall participate in the routine facility inspections.

The inspection frequency shall be specified in the plan based upon a consideration of the level of industrial activity at the facility, but shall be at a minimum quarterly unless more frequent intervals are specified elsewhere in the permit or written approval is received from the department for less frequent intervals. Inspections shall be performed during periods when the facility is in operation. At least once each calendar year, the routine facility inspection shall be conducted during a period when a storm water discharge is occurring.

The requirement for routine facility inspections is waived for facilities that have maintained an active VEEP E3/E4 status. Note: Certain sectors in Part IV have additional inspection requirements. If the VEEP E3/E4 waiver language is not included for the sector specific inspections, these additional inspection requirements may not be waived.

Any deficiencies in the implementation of the SWPPP that are found shall be corrected as soon as practicable, but not later than within 30 days of the inspection, unless permission for a later date is granted in writing by the director. The results of the inspections shall be documented in the SWPPP and shall include at a minimum:

a. The inspection date and time;

b. The name(s) and signature(s) of the inspector(s);

c. Weather information and a description of any discharges occurring at the time of the inspection;

d. Any previously unidentified discharges of pollutants from the site;

e. Any control measures needing maintenance or repairs;

f. Any failed control measures that need replacement;

g. Any incidents of noncompliance observed; and

h. Any additional control measures needed to comply with the permit requirements.

C. Maintenance. All BMPs identified in the SWPPP shall be maintained in effective operating condition. Storm water BMPs identified in the SWPPP shall be observed during active operation (i.e., during a storm water runoff event) to ensure that they are functioning correctly. Where discharge locations are inaccessible, nearby downstream locations shall be observed. The observations shall be documented in the SWPPP. The SWPPP shall include a description of procedures and a regular schedule for preventive maintenance of all [ BMPs control measures ], and shall include a description of the back-up practices that are in place should a runoff event occur while a [ BMP control measure ] is off-line. The effectiveness of nonstructural [ BMPs control measures ] shall also be maintained by appropriate means (e.g., spill response supplies available and personnel trained, etc.).

All control measures [ and structural BMPs ] identified in the SWPPP shall be maintained in effective operating condition and shall be observed at least annually during active operation (i.e., during a storm water runoff event) to ensure that they are functioning correctly. Where discharge locations are inaccessible, nearby downstream locations shall be observed. The observations shall be documented in the SWPPP.

If site inspections required by Part III B 6 b (5) 5 (Routine facility inspections) or Part III E (Comprehensive site compliance evaluation) identify [ BMPs control measures ] that are not operating effectively, repairs or maintenance shall be performed before the next anticipated storm event. If maintenance prior to the next anticipated storm event is not possible, maintenance shall be scheduled and accomplished as soon as practicable. In the interim, back-up measures shall be employed and documented in the SWPPP until repairs or maintenance is complete. Documentation shall be kept with the SWPPP of maintenance and repairs of [ BMPs control measures ], including the date(s) of regular maintenance, date(s) of discovery of areas in need of repair or replacement, and date(s) for repairs, date(s) that the [ BMP(s) control measure(s) ] returned to full function, and the justification for any extended maintenance or repair schedules.

D. Allowable nonstorm Nonstorm water discharges.

1. Discharges of certain sources of nonstorm water are allowable discharges under this permit (see Part I B 1 - Allowable nonstorm water discharges) provided the permittee includes the following information in the SWPPP: (see Part I B, Special Condition No. 1 - Allowable nonstorm water discharges). All other nonstorm water discharges are not authorized and shall be either eliminated or covered under a separate VPDES permit.

a. Identification of each allowable nonstorm water source, except for flows from fire fighting activities;

b. The location where the nonstorm water is likely to be discharged; and

c. Descriptions of appropriate BMPs for each source.

2. If mist blown from cooling towers is included as one of the allowable nonstorm water discharges from the facility, the permittee shall specifically evaluate the discharge for the presence of chemicals used in the cooling tower. The evaluation shall be included in the SWPPP. Annual outfall evaluation for unauthorized discharges.

a. The SWPPP shall include documentation that all [ stormwater ] outfalls [ associated with industrial activity ] have been evaluated annually for the presence of unauthorized discharges (i.e., discharges other than stormwater; the authorized nonstormwater discharges described in Part I B, Special Condition No. 1; or discharges covered under a separate VPDES permit, other than this permit). The documentation shall include:

(1) The date of the evaluation;

(2) A description of the evaluation criteria used;

(3) A list of the outfalls or on-site drainage points that were directly observed during the evaluation;

(4) A description of the results of the evaluation for the presence of unauthorized discharges; and

(5) The actions taken to eliminate unauthorized discharges if any were identified (i.e., a floor drain was sealed, a sink drain was rerouted to sanitary, or an VPDES permit application was submitted for a cooling water discharge).

b. The permittee may request in writing to the department that the facility be allowed to conduct annual outfall evaluations at 20% of the outfalls. If approved, the permittee shall evaluate at least 20% of the facility outfalls each year on a rotating basis such that all facility outfalls will be evaluated during the period of coverage under this permit.

E. Comprehensive site compliance evaluation. The permittee shall conduct comprehensive site compliance evaluations at least once a each calendar year after coverage under the permit begins. The evaluations shall be done by qualified personnel who possess the knowledge and skills to assess conditions and activities that could impact storm water quality at the facility, and who can also evaluate the effectiveness of [ BMPs control measures ]. The personnel conducting the evaluations may be either facility employees or outside constituents personnel hired by the facility.

1. Scope of the compliance evaluation. Evaluations shall include all areas where industrial materials or activities are exposed to storm water, as identified in Part III B 3. The personnel shall evaluate:

a. Industrial materials, residue or trash that may have or could come into contact with storm water;

b. Leaks or spills from industrial equipment, drums, barrels, tanks or other containers that have occurred within the past three years;

c. Off-site tracking of industrial or waste materials or sediment where vehicles enter or exit the site;

d. Tracking or blowing of raw, final, or waste materials from areas of no exposure to exposed areas;

e. Evidence of, or the potential for, pollutants entering the drainage system;

f. Evidence of pollutants discharging to surface waters at all facility outfalls, and the condition of and around the outfall, including flow dissipation measures to prevent scouring;

g. Review of storm water related training performed, inspections completed, maintenance performed, quarterly visual examinations, and effective operation of [ control measures, including ] BMPs;

h. Annual A summary of the annual outfall evaluation for unauthorized discharges required by [ subsection subdivision ] D 2 of this section.

(1) The SWPPP shall include documentation that all outfalls have been evaluated annually for the presence of unauthorized discharges (i.e., discharges other than: storm water; the authorized nonstorm water discharges described in Part I B 1; or discharges covered under a separate VPDES permit, other than this permit.) The documentation shall include:

(a) The date of the evaluation;

(b) A description of the evaluation criteria used;

(c) A list of the outfalls or on-site drainage points that were directly observed during the evaluation;

(d) A description of the results of the evaluation for the presence of unauthorized discharges; and

(e) The actions taken to eliminate unauthorized discharges, if any were identified (i.e., a floor drain was sealed, a sink drain was rerouted to sanitary, or an VPDES permit application was submitted for a cooling water discharge.)

(2) The permittee may request in writing to the department that the facility be allowed to conduct annual outfall evaluations at 20% of the outfalls. If approved, the permittee shall evaluate at least 20% of the facility outfalls each year on a rotating basis such that all facility outfalls will be evaluated during the period of coverage under this permit.

i. Results of both visual and any analytical monitoring done during the past year shall be taken into consideration during the evaluation.

2. Based on the results of the evaluation, the SWPPP shall be modified as necessary (e.g., show additional controls on the map required by Part III B 2 c; revise the description of controls required by Part III B [ 6 4 ] to include additional or modified [ BMPs control measures ] designed to correct problems identified). Revisions to the SWPPP shall be completed within 30 days following the evaluation, unless permission for a later date is granted in writing by the director. If existing [ BMPs control measures ] need to be modified or if additional [ BMPs control measures ] are necessary, implementation shall be completed before the next anticipated storm event, if practicable, but not more than 60 days after completion of the comprehensive site evaluation, unless permission for a later date is granted in writing by the department;

3. Compliance evaluation report. A report shall be written summarizing the scope of the evaluation, name(s) of personnel making the evaluation, the date of the evaluation, and all observations relating to the implementation of the SWPPP, including elements stipulated in Part III E 1 (a) through (f) (i) above. Observations shall include such things as: the location(s) of discharges of pollutants from the site; location(s) of previously unidentified sources of pollutants; location(s) of [ BMPs control measures ] that need to be maintained or repaired; location(s) of failed [ BMPs control measures ] that need replacement; and location(s) where additional [ BMPs control measures ] are needed. The report shall identify any incidents of noncompliance that were observed. Where a report does not identify any incidents of noncompliance, the report shall contain a certification that the facility is in compliance with the SWPPP and this permit. The report shall be signed in accordance with Part II K and maintained with the SWPPP.

4. Where compliance evaluation schedules overlap with routine inspections required under Part III B 6 b (5) 5 the annual compliance evaluation may be used as one of the routine inspections.

F. Signature and plan review.

1. Signature/location Signature and location. The SWPPP, including revisions to the SWPPP to document any corrective actions taken as required by Part I A 5 6, shall be signed in accordance with Part II K, dated, and retained on-site at the facility covered by this permit in accordance with Part II B 2. All other changes to the SWPPP, and other permit compliance documentation, must shall be signed and dated by the person preparing the change or documentation. For inactive facilities, the plan may be kept at the nearest office of the permittee.

2. Availability. The permittee shall make retain a copy of the current SWPPP, annual site compliance evaluation report, and other information required by this permit at the facility, and it shall be immediately available to the department, EPA, or the operator of an MS4 receiving discharges from the site at the time of an on-site inspection or upon request.

3. Required modifications. The permittee shall modify the SWPPP whenever necessary to address all corrective actions required by Part I A 6 a (Data exceeding benchmark concentration values) or Part I A 6 b (Corrective actions). Changes to the SWPPP shall be made in accordance with the corrective action deadlines in Part I A 6 a and Part I A 6 b, and shall be signed and dated in accordance with Part III F 1.

The director may notify the permittee at any time that the SWPPP, [ BMPs control measures ], or other components of the facility's storm water program do not meet one or more of the requirements of this permit. The notification shall identify specific provisions of the permit that are not being met, and may include required modifications to the storm water program, additional monitoring requirements, and special reporting requirements. The permittee shall make any required changes to the SWPPP within 60 days of receipt of such notification, unless permission for a later date is granted in writing by the director, and shall submit a written certification to the director that the requested changes have been made.

G. Maintaining an updated SWPPP.

1. The permittee shall review and amend the SWPPP as appropriate whenever:

a. There is construction or a change in design, operation, or maintenance at the facility that has a significant effect on the discharge, or the potential for the discharge, of pollutants from the facility;

b. Routine inspections or compliance evaluations determine that there are deficiencies in the [ control measures, including ] BMPs;

c. Inspections by local, state, or federal officials determine that modifications to the SWPPP are necessary;

d. There is a spill, leak or other release at the facility;

e. There is an unauthorized discharge from the facility; or

f. The department notifies the permittee that a TMDL has been developed and applies to the permitted facility, consistent with Part I B, [ Special Condition No. 6 special condition 7 ] (Discharges to waters subject to TMDL waste load allocations).

2. SWPPP modifications shall be made within 30 calendar days after discovery, observation or event requiring a SWPPP modification. Implementation of new or modified [ BMPs control measures ] (distinct from regular preventive maintenance of existing [ BMPs control measures ] described in Part III C) shall be initiated before the next storm event if possible, but no later than 60 days after discovery, or as otherwise provided or approved by the director. The amount of time taken to modify a [ BMP control measure ] or implement additional [ BMPs control measures ] shall be documented in the SWPPP.

3. If the SWPPP modification is based on a release or unauthorized discharge, include a description and date of the release, the circumstances leading to the release, actions taken in response to the release, and measures to prevent the recurrence of such releases. Unauthorized releases and discharges are subject to the reporting requirements of Part II G of this permit.

Part IV
Sector Specific Permit Requirements

The permittee must only comply with the additional requirements of Part IV (9VAC25-151-90 et seq.) that apply to the sector(s) of industrial activity located at the facility. These sector specific requirements are in addition to the "basic" requirements specified in Parts I, II and III of this permit. All numeric effluent limitations and benchmark monitoring concentration values reflect two significant digits, unless otherwise noted.

9VAC25-151-90. Sector A - Timber products facilities (including mulch, wood, and bark facilities and mulch dyeing facilities).

A. Discharges covered under this section.

1. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from facilities generally classified under Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Major Group 24 that are engaged in the following activities: cutting timber and pulpwood (those that have log storage or handling areas), mills, including merchant, lath, shingle, cooperage stock, planing, plywood and veneer, and producing lumber and wood materials; wood preserving, manufacturing wood buildings or mobile homes; and manufacturing finished articles made entirely of wood or related materials, except for wood kitchen cabinet manufacturers (SIC Code 2434), which are addressed under Sector W (9VAC25-151-300).

2. The requirements listed under this section also apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from mulch, wood, and bark facilities, including mulch dyeing operations (SIC Code 24991303).

B. Special conditions.

1. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. Discharges of storm water from areas where there may be contact with chemical formulations sprayed to provide surface protection are not authorized by this permit. These discharges must be covered under a separate VPDES permit. Discharge of wet dye drippings from mulch dyeing operations are also prohibited.

2. Authorized nonstorm water discharges. In addition to the discharges described in Part I B 1, the following nonstorm water discharges may be authorized by this permit provided the nonstorm water component of the discharge is in compliance with 9VAC25-151-90 C and the effluent limitations described in 9VAC25-151-90 D: discharges from the spray down of lumber and wood product storage yards where no chemical additives are used in the spray down waters and no chemicals are applied to the wood during storage.

C. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the SWPPP shall include, at a minimum, the following items.

1. Site description.

a. Site map. The site map shall identify where any of the following may be exposed to precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff: processing areas; treatment chemical storage areas; treated wood and residue storage areas; wet decking areas; dry decking areas; untreated wood and residue storage areas; and treatment equipment storage areas.

b. Summary of potential pollutant sources. Where information is available, facilities that have used chlorophenolic, creosote, or chromium-copper-arsenic formulations for wood surface protection or wood preserving activities on-site in the past shall identify in the inventory the following: areas where contaminated soils, treatment equipment, and stored materials still remain, and the management practices employed to minimize the contact of these materials with storm water runoff.

2. Storm water controls. The description of storm water management controls shall address the following areas of the site: log, lumber and other wood product storage areas; residue storage areas; loading and unloading areas; material handling areas; chemical storage areas; and equipment/vehicle equipment and vehicle maintenance, storage and repair areas. Facilities that surface protect and/or or preserve wood products shall address specific [ control measures, including any ] BMPs [ , ] for wood surface protection and preserving activities. Facilities that dye mulch shall address specific [ BMPs control measures ] to prevent the discharge of wet dye drippings and to prevent seepage of pollutants to groundwater.

The SWPPP shall address the following minimum components:

a. Good housekeeping. Good housekeeping measures in storage areas, loading and unloading areas, and material handling areas shall be designed to:

(1) Limit the discharge of wood debris;

(2) Minimize the leachate generated from decaying wood materials; and

(3) Minimize the generation of dust.

b. Routine facility inspections. Inspections at processing areas, transport areas, and treated wood storage areas of facilities performing wood surface protection and preservation activities shall be performed monthly to assess the usefulness of practices in minimizing the deposit of treatment chemicals on unprotected soils and in areas that will come in contact with storm water discharges. The requirement for routine facility inspections is waived for facilities that have maintained an active VEEP E3/E4 status.

D. Numeric effluent limitations.

[ 1. ] In addition to the numeric effluent limitations described in Part I A 1 c, the following limitations shall be met by existing and new facilities.

Wet deck storage area runoff. Nonstorm water discharges from areas used for the storage of logs where water, without chemical additives, is intentionally sprayed or deposited on logs to deter decay or infestation by insects are required to meet the following effluent limitations: pH shall be within the range of 6.0-9.0, and there will be no discharge of debris. Chemicals are not allowed to be applied to the stored logs. The term "debris" is defined as woody material such as bark, twigs, branches, heartwood or sapwood that will not pass through a 2.54 cm (1 in.) diameter round opening and is present in the discharge from a wet deck storage area. Permittees subject to these numeric limitations shall be in compliance with these limitations through the duration of permit coverage.

Table 90-1. Sector A - Numeric Effluent Limitations.
Parameter	Effluent Limitations
Wet Decking Discharges at Log Storage and Handling Areas (SIC 2411)
pH	6.0 - 9.0 s.u.
Debris (woody material such as bark, twigs, branches, heartwood, or sapwood)	No discharge of debris that will not pass through a 2.54 cm (1") diameter round opening.

[ 2. Compliance monitoring requirements. In addition to the parameters listed above, the permittee shall provide an estimate of the total volume (in gallons) of the discharge sampled. ]

E. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Timber product facilities; mulch, wood, and bark facilities; and mulch dyeing facilities are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in the appropriate section of Table 90-2.

Table 90-2. Sector A - Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern		Benchmark Concentration
General Sawmills and Planing Mills (SIC 2421)
	Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
Wood Preserving Facilities (SIC 2491)
	Total Recoverable Arsenic1	50 μg/L
	Total Recoverable Chromium1	16 μg/L
	Total Recoverable Copper1	18 μg/L
Log Storage and Handling Facilities (SIC 2411)
	Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
Hardwood Dimension and Flooring Mills; Special Products Sawmills, not elsewhere classified; Millwork, Veneer, Plywood and Structural Wood; Wood Containers; Wood Buildings and Mobile Homes; Reconstituted Wood Products; and Wood Products Facilities not elsewhere classified (SIC Codes 2426, 2429, 2431-2439 (except 2434), 2441, 2448, 2449, 2451, 2452, 2493, and 2499).
	Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
Mulch, Wood, and Bark Facilities (SIC Code 24991303)
	Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
	Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5)	30 mg/L
Facilities with Mulch Dyeing/Coloring Operations (SIC Code 24991303): Monitor ONLY those outfalls from the facility that collect runoff from areas where mulch dyeing/coloring activities occur, including but not limited to areas where loading, transporting, and storage of dyed/colored mulch occurs.2
	Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
	Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5)	30 mg/L
	Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)	120 mg/L
	Total Recoverable Aluminum	750 [ mg/L μg/L ]
	Total Recoverable Arsenic	150 [ mg/L μg/L ]
	Total Recoverable Cadmium	2.1 [ mg/L μg/L ]
	Total Recoverable Chromium	16 [ mg/L μg/L ]
	Total Recoverable Copper	18 [ mg/L μg/L ]
	Total Recoverable Iron	1.0 mg/L
	Total Recoverable Lead	120 [ mg/L μg/L ]
	Total Recoverable Manganese	64 [ mg/L μg/L ]
	Total Recoverable Mercury	1.4 [ mg/L μg/L ]
	Total Recoverable Nickel	470 [ mg/L μg/L ]
	Total Recoverable Selenium	5.0 [ mg/L μg/L ]
	Total Recoverable Silver	3.8 [ mg/L μg/L ]
	Total Recoverable Zinc	120 [ mg/L μg/L ]
	Total Nitrogen	2.2 mg/L
	Total Phosphorus	2.0 mg/L
1Monitoring for metals (arsenic, chromium and copper) is not required for wood preserving facilities using only oil-based preservatives.
2Benchmark monitoring waivers are available to facilities utilizing mulch dye or colorant products that do not contain the specified parameters provided that: (i) monitoring from samples collected during one monitoring period demonstrates that [ all parameters are nondetectable the specific parameter in question is below the quantitation level ]; (ii) a waiver request is submitted to and approved by the board [ (The laboratory certificate of analysis must be submitted with the request. If approved, documentation of this shall be kept with the SWPPP.) ]; and (iii) a certification statement is submitted to the department annually that the facility does not use mulch dyeing products that contain any of the [ specified specifically waived ] parameters.

9VAC25-151-110. Sector C - Chemical and allied products manufacturing.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from facilities engaged in manufacturing the following products and generally described by the SIC code shown:

1. Basic industrial inorganic chemicals (including SIC Code 281);

2. Plastic materials and synthetic resins, synthetic rubbers, and cellulosic and other humanmade fibers, except glass (including SIC Code 282);

3. Medicinal chemicals and pharmaceutical products, including the grading, grinding and milling of botanicals (including SIC Code 283).

4. Soap and other detergents, including facilities producing glycerin from vegetable and animal fats and oils; specialty cleaning, polishing, and sanitation preparations; surface active preparations used as emulsifiers, wetting agents, and finishing agents, including sulfonated oils; and perfumes, cosmetics, and other toilet preparations (including SIC Code 284);

5. Paints (in paste and ready-mixed form); varnishes; lacquers; enamels and shellac; putties, wood fillers, and sealers; paint and varnish removers; paint brush cleaners; and allied paint products (including SIC Code 285);

6. Industrial organic chemicals (including SIC Code 286);

7. Nitrogenous and phosphatic basic fertilizers, mixed fertilizer, pesticides, and other agricultural chemicals (including SIC Code 287). Note: SIC Code 287 includes Composting Facilities (SIC Code 2875);

8. Industrial and household adhesives, glues, caulking compounds, sealants, and linoleum, tile, and rubber cements from vegetable, animal, or synthetic plastics materials; explosives; printing ink, including gravure ink, screen process and lithographic inks; miscellaneous chemical preparations, such as fatty acids, essential oils, gelatin (except vegetable), sizes, bluing, laundry sours, and writing and stamp pad ink; industrial compounds, such as boiler and heat insulating compounds; and chemical supplies for foundries (including SIC Code 289); and

9. Ink and paints, including china painting enamels, India ink, drawing ink, platinum paints for burnt wood or leather work, paints for china painting, artists' paints and artists' water colors (SIC Code 3952, limited to those listed; for others in SIC Code 3952 not listed above, see Sector Y (9VAC25-151-320)).

B. Special conditions. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. In addition to the general prohibition of nonstorm water discharges in Part I B 1, the following discharges are not covered by this permit: inks, paints, or substances (hazardous, nonhazardous, etc.) resulting from an on-site spill, including materials collected in drip pans; washwaters from material handling and processing areas; or washwaters from drum, tank, or container rinsing and cleaning.

C. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the plan shall include, at a minimum, the following items.

1. Site description.

a. Site map. The site map shall identify where any of the following may be exposed to precipitation/surface runoff: processing and storage areas; access roads, rail cars and tracks; areas where substances are transferred in bulk; and operating machinery.

b. Summary of potential pollutant sources. A description of the following sources and activities that have potential pollutants associated with them: loading, unloading and transfer of chemicals; outdoor storage of salt, pallets, coal, drums, containers, fuels, fueling stations; vehicle and equipment maintenance/cleaning areas; areas where the treatment, storage or disposal (on-site or off-site) of waste/wastewater occur; storage tanks and other containers; processing and storage areas; access roads, rail cars and tracks; areas where the transfer of substances in bulk occurs; and areas where machinery operates.

2. Storm water controls. Good housekeeping. The SWPPP shall include:

a. A schedule for regular pickup and disposal of garbage and waste materials, or a description of other appropriate measures used to reduce the potential for the discharge of storm water that has come into contact with garbage or waste materials;

b. Routine inspections of the condition of drums, tanks and containers for potential leaks.

D. C. Numeric effluent limitations. In addition to the numeric effluent limitations described in Part I A 1 c, the following effluent limitations shall be met by existing and new discharges with phosphate fertilizer manufacturing runoff. The provisions of this paragraph are applicable to storm water discharges from the phosphate subcategory of the fertilizer manufacturing point source category (40 CFR 418.10 (2006))). The term contaminated storm water runoff shall mean precipitation runoff, that during manufacturing or processing, comes into contact with any raw materials, intermediate product, finished product, by-products or waste product. The concentration of pollutants in storm water discharges shall not exceed the effluent limitations in Table 110-1.

Table 110-1. Sector C – Numeric Effluent Limitations.
Parameter	Effluent Limitations
	Daily Maximum	30-day Average
Phosphate Subcategory of the Fertilizer Manufacturing Point Source Category (40 CFR 418.10 (2006))) - applies to precipitation runoff that, during manufacturing or processing, comes into contact with any raw materials, intermediate product, finished product, by-products or waste product (SIC 2874)
Total Phosphorus (as P)	105 mg/L	35 mg/L
Fluoride	75 mg/L	25 mg/L

E. D. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Agricultural chemical manufacturing facilities; industrial inorganic chemical facilities; soaps, detergents, cosmetics, and perfume manufacturing facilities; and plastics, synthetics, and resin manufacturing facilities are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 110-2 below.

Table 110-2. Sector C – Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Agricultural Chemicals (SIC 2873-2879)
Total Nitrogen	2.2 mg/L
Total Recoverable Iron	1.0 mg/L
Total Recoverable Zinc	120 μg/L
Total Phosphorus	2.0 mg/L
Industrial Inorganic Chemicals (SIC 2812-2819)
Total Recoverable Aluminum	750 μg/L
Total Recoverable Iron	1.0 mg/L
Total Nitrogen	2.2 mg/L
Soaps, Detergents, Cosmetics, and Perfumes (SIC 2841-2844)
Total Nitrogen	2.2 mg/L
Total Recoverable Zinc	120 μg/L
Plastics, Synthetics, and Resins (SIC 2821-2824)
Total Recoverable Zinc	120 μg/L
Composting Facilities (SIC 2875)
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5)	30 mg/L
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)	120 mg/L
Ammonia	2.14 mg/L
Total Nitrogen	2.2 mg/L
Total Phosphorus	2.0 mg/L

9VAC25-151-120. Sector D - Asphalt paving and roofing materials and lubricant manufacturers.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from facilities engaged in the following activities: manufacturing asphalt paving and roofing materials, including those facilities commonly identified by SIC Codes 2951 and 2952; portable asphalt plants (also commonly identified by SIC Code 2951); and manufacturing miscellaneous products of petroleum and coal, including those facilities classified as SIC Code 2992 and 2999.

B. Limitations on coverage. The following storm water discharges associated with industrial activity are not authorized by this section of the permit:

1. Storm water discharges from petroleum refining facilities, including those that manufacture asphalt or asphalt products, that are classified as SIC Code 2911 subject to effluent limitation guidelines for the Petroleum Refining Point Source Category (40 CFR 419);

2. Storm water discharges from oil recycling facilities; and

3. Storm water discharges associated with fats and oils rendering.

C. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the plan shall include, at a minimum, the following item: routine facility inspections. Material storage and handling areas, liquid storage tanks, hoppers or silos, vehicle and equipment maintenance, cleaning, and fueling areas, material handling vehicles, equipment and processing areas shall be inspected at least once per month, as part of the maintenance program. The permittee shall ensure that appropriate action is taken in response to the inspection by implementing tracking or follow-up procedures.

D. C. Numeric effluent limitations. In addition to the numeric effluent limitations listed in Part I A c, discharges from areas where production of asphalt paving and roofing emulsions occurs may not exceed the limitations in Table 120-1.

Table 120-1. Sector D – Numeric Effluent Limitations.
Parameter	Effluent Limitations
	Daily Maximum	30-day Average
Discharges from areas where production of asphalt paving and roofing emulsions occurs (SIC 2951, 2952)
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	23 mg/L	15 mg/L
Oil and Grease	15 mg/L	10 mg/L
pH	6.0 - 9.0 s.u.

E. D. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Asphalt paving and roofing materials manufacturing facilities are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 120-2.

Table 120-2. Sector D – Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials (SIC 2951, 2952)
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L

9VAC25-151-130. Sector E - Glass, clay, cement, concrete, and gypsum products.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from facilities generally classified under SIC Major Group 32 that are engaged in either manufacturing the following products or performing the following activities: flat, pressed, or blown glass or glass containers; hydraulic cement; clay products including tile and brick; pottery and porcelain electrical supplies; gypsum products; nonclay refractories; minerals and earths, ground or otherwise treated; lime manufacturing; cut stone and stone products; asbestos products; and mineral wool and mineral wool insulation products.

Concrete block and brick facilities (SIC Code 3271), concrete products facilities, except block and brick (SIC Code 3272), and ready-mixed concrete facilities (SIC Code 3273) are not covered by this permit.

B. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the plan shall include, at a minimum, the following items:

1. Site description and site map. The site map shall identify the locations of the following, if applicable: bag house or other dust control device; recycle/sedimentation recycle or sedimentation pond, clarifier or other device used for the treatment of process wastewater and the areas that drain to the treatment device.

2. Storm water controls. a. Good housekeeping.

(1) a. Facilities shall prevent or minimize the discharge of: spilled cement; aggregate (including sand or gravel); kiln dust; fly ash; settled dust; and other significant materials in storm water from paved portions of the site that are exposed to storm water. Measures used to minimize the presence of these materials may include regular sweeping, or other equivalent measures. The plan shall indicate the frequency of sweeping or equivalent measures. The frequency shall be determined based upon consideration of the amount of industrial activity occurring in the area and frequency of precipitation, but shall not be less than once per week if cement, aggregate, kiln dust; fly ash, or settled dust are being handled or processed.

(2) b. Facilities shall prevent the exposure of fine granular solids (such as cement, fly ash, kiln dust, etc.) to storm water. Where practicable, these materials shall be stored in enclosed silos or hoppers, buildings, or under other covering.

b. Routine facility inspections. The inspection shall take place while the facility is in operation and shall include all of the following areas that are exposed to storm water: material handling areas, aboveground storage tanks, hoppers or silos, dust collection/containment systems, truck wash down/equipment cleaning areas.

c. Certification of outfall evaluation for unauthorized discharges. Facilities engaged in production of ready-mix concrete, concrete block, brick or similar products shall include in the certification a description of measures that ensure that process wastewater that results from washing of trucks, mixers, transport buckets, forms or other equipment are discharged in accordance with a separate VPDES permit or are recycled.

C. Numeric effluent limitations. In addition to the numeric effluent limitations described by Part I A 1 c, the following limitations shall be met by existing and new facilities: cement manufacturing facility, material storage runoff. Any discharge composed of runoff that derives from the storage of materials including raw materials, intermediate products, finished products, and waste materials that are used in or derived from the manufacture of cement shall not exceed the limitations in Table 130-1. Runoff from the storage piles shall not be diluted with other storm water runoff or flows to meet these limitations. Any untreated overflow from facilities designed, constructed and operated to treat the volume of material storage pile runoff that is associated with a 10-year, 24-hour rainfall event shall not be subject to the TSS or pH limitations. Facilities subject to these numeric effluent limitations shall be in compliance with these limits upon commencement of coverage and for the entire term of this permit.

Table 130-1. Sector E – Numeric Effluent Limitations.
Parameter	Effluent Limitations
	Daily Maximum	30-day Average
Cement Manufacturing Facility, Material Storage Runoff: Any discharge composed of runoff that derives from the storage of materials including raw materials, intermediate products, finished products, and waste materials that are used in or derived from the manufacture of cement.
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	50 mg/L
pH	6.0 - 9.0 s.u.

D. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Clay product manufacturers (SIC 3251-3259, SIC 3261-3269) and lime and gypsum product manufacturers (SIC 3274, 3275) are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 130-2.

Table 130-2. Sector E – Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Clay Product Manufacturers (SIC 3251-3259, 3261-3269)
Total Recoverable Aluminum	750 ug/L
Lime and Gypsum Product Manufacturers (SIC 3274, 3275)
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
pH	6.0 - 9.0 s.u.
Total Recoverable Iron	1.0 mg/L

9VAC25-151-140. Sector F - Primary metals.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from the following types of facilities in the primary metal industry, and generally described by the SIC code shown:

1. Steel works, blast furnaces, and rolling and finishing mills, including: steel wire drawing and steel nails and spikes; cold-rolled steel sheet, strip, and bars; and steel pipes and tubes (SIC Code 331).

2. Iron and steel foundries, including: gray and ductile iron, malleable iron, steel investment, and steel foundries not elsewhere classified (SIC Code 332).

3. Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals, including: primary smelting and refining of copper, and primary production of aluminum (SIC Code 333).

4. Secondary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals (SIC Code 334).

5. Rolling, drawing, and extruding of nonferrous metals, including: rolling, drawing, and extruding of copper; rolling, drawing and extruding of nonferrous metals except copper and aluminum; and drawing and insulating of nonferrous wire (SIC Code 335).

6. Nonferrous foundries (castings), including: aluminum die-castings, nonferrous die-castings, except aluminum, aluminum foundries, copper foundries, and nonferrous foundries, except copper and aluminum (SIC Code 336).

7. Miscellaneous primary metal products, not elsewhere classified, including: metal heat treating, and primary metal products, not elsewhere classified (SIC Code 339).

Activities covered include, but are not limited to, storm water discharges associated with coking operations, sintering plants, blast furnaces, smelting operations, rolling mills, casting operations, heat treating, extruding, drawing, or forging of all types of ferrous and nonferrous metals, scrap, and ore.

B. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the plan shall include, at a minimum, the following items.

1. Site description.

a. Site map. The site map shall identify where any of the following activities may be exposed to precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff: storage or disposal of wastes such as spent solvents/baths solvents and baths, sand, slag/dross slag and dross; liquid storage tanks/drums tanks and drums; processing areas including pollution control equipment (e.g., baghouses); and storage areas of raw materials such as coal, coke, scrap, sand, fluxes, refractories, or metal in any form. In addition, indicate sources where an accumulation of significant amounts of particulate matter could occur from such sources as furnace or oven emissions, losses from coal/coke coal and coke handling operations, etc., and that could result in a discharge of pollutants to surface waters.

b. Summary of potential pollutant sources. The inventory of materials handled at the site that potentially may be exposed to precipitation/runoff precipitation or runoff shall include areas where deposition of particulate matter from process air emissions or losses during material handling activities are possible.

2. Storm water controls.

a. Good housekeeping. The [ SWPPP permittee ] shall [ consider implementation of implement ] the following measures, or equivalent measures, where applicable.

(1) Establishment of a cleaning/maintenance cleaning and maintenance program for all impervious areas of the facility where particulate matter, dust, or debris may accumulate, especially areas where material loading/unloading loading and unloading, storage, handling, and processing occur.

(2) The paving of areas, where practicable, where vehicle traffic or material storage occur, but where vegetative or other stabilization methods are not practicable. Sweeping programs shall be instituted in these areas as well.

(3) For unstabilized areas of the facility where sweeping is not practical, the permittee shall consider using storm water management devices such as sediment traps, vegetative buffer strips, filter fabric fence, sediment filtering boom, gravel outlet protection, or other equivalent measures, that effectively trap or remove sediment.

b. Routine facility inspections. Inspections shall be conducted monthly, and quarterly. The requirement for routine facility inspections is waived for facilities that have maintained an active VEEP E3/E4 status. Inspections shall address all potential sources of pollutants, including (if applicable):

(1) Air pollution control equipment (e.g., baghouses, electrostatic precipitators, scrubbers, and cyclones) shall be inspected for any signs of degradation (e.g., leaks, corrosion, or improper operation) that could limit their efficiency and lead to excessive emissions. The permittee shall consider monitoring air flow at inlets/outlets inlets and outlets, or equivalent measures, to check for leaks (e.g., particulate deposition) or blockage in ducts;

(2) All process or material handling equipment (e.g., conveyors, cranes, and vehicles) shall be inspected for leaks, drips, or the potential loss of materials; and

(3) Material storage areas (e.g., piles, bins or hoppers for storing coke, coal, scrap, or slag, as well as chemicals stored in tanks/drums) tanks and drums) shall be examined for signs of material losses due to wind or storm water runoff.

C. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Primary metals facilities are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 140 below.

Table 140. Sector F – Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Steel Works, Blast Furnaces, and Rolling and Finishing Mills (SIC 3312-3317)
Total Recoverable Aluminum	750 μg/L
Total Recoverable Zinc	120 μg/L
Iron and Steel Foundries (SIC 3321-3325)
Total Recoverable Aluminum	750 μg/L
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
Total Recoverable Copper	18 μg/L
Total Recoverable Iron	1.0 mg/L
Total Recoverable Zinc	120 μg/L
Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding of Nonferrous Metals (SIC 3351-3357)
Total Recoverable Copper	18 μg/L
Total Recoverable Zinc	120 μg/L
Nonferrous Foundries (SIC 3363-3369)
Total Recoverable Copper	18 μg/L
Total Recoverable Zinc	120 μg/L

9VAC25-151-150. Sector G - Metal mining (ore mining and dressing).

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from active, temporarily inactive and inactive metal mining and ore dressing facilities including mines abandoned on federal lands, as classified under SIC Major Group 10. Coverage is required for facilities that discharge storm water that has come into contact with, or is contaminated by, any overburden, raw material, intermediate product, finished product, byproduct, or waste product located on the site of the operation. SIC Major Group 10 includes establishments primarily engaged in mining of ores, developing mines, or exploring for metallic minerals (ores) and also includes ore dressing and beneficiating operations, whether performed at colocated, dedicated mills or at separate mills, such as custom mills. For the purposes of this section, the term "metal mining" includes any of the separate activities listed above. Covered discharges include:

1. All storm water discharges from inactive facilities;

2. Storm water discharges from the following areas of active and temporarily inactive metal mining facilities: waste rock/overburden rock and overburden piles if composed entirely of storm water and not combining with mine drainage; topsoil piles; off-site haul/access haul and access roads; on-site haul/access haul and access roads constructed of waste rock/overburden rock and overburden if composed entirely of storm water and not combining with mine drainage; on-site haul/access haul and access roads not constructed of waste rock/overburden/spent rock, overburden, or spent ore except if mine drainage is used for dust control; runoff from tailings dams/dikes dams and dikes when not constructed of waste rock/tailings rock or tailings and no process fluids are present; runoff from tailings dams/dikes dams or dikes when constructed of waste rock/tailings rock or tailings and no process fluids are present if composed entirely of storm water and not combining with mine drainage; concentration building if no contact with material piles; mill site if no contact with material piles; office/administrative office or administrative building and housing if mixed with storm water from industrial area; chemical storage area; docking facility if no excessive contact with waste product that would otherwise constitute mine drainage; explosive storage; fuel storage; vehicle/equipment vehicle and equipment maintenance area/building area and building; parking areas (if necessary); power plant; truck wash areas if no excessive contact with waste product that would otherwise constitute mine drainage; unreclaimed, disturbed areas outside of active mining area; reclaimed areas released from reclamation bonds prior to December 17, 1990; and partially/inadequately partially or inadequately reclaimed areas or areas not released from reclamation bonds;

3. Storm water discharges from exploration and development of metal mining and/or and ore dressing facilities; and

4. Storm water discharges from facilities at mining sites undergoing reclamation.

B. Limitations on coverage. Storm water discharges from active metal mining facilities that are subject to the effluent limitation guidelines for the Ore Mining and Dressing Point Source Category (40 CFR Part 440 (2007))) are not authorized by this permit.

Note: Discharges that come in contact with overburden/waste overburden and waste rock are subject to 40 CFR Part 440 (2007), providing: the discharges drain to a point source (either naturally or as a result of intentional diversion), and they combine with mine drainage that is otherwise regulated under 40 CFR Part 440 (2007). Discharges from overburden/waste overburden and waste rock can be covered under this permit if they are composed entirely of storm water and do not combine with sources of mine drainage that are subject to 40 CFR Part 440 (2007).

C. Special Conditions. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. In addition to the general prohibition of nonstorm water discharges in Part I B 1, the following discharges are discharge is not covered by this permit: adit drainage or contaminated springs or seeps. Contaminated seeps and springs discharging from waste rock dumps that do not directly result from precipitation events are also not authorized by this permit.

D. Special definitions. The following definitions are not intended to supersede the definitions of active and inactive mining facilities established by 40 CFR 122.26(b)(14)(iii), and are only for this section of the general permit:

"Active metal mining facility" means a place where work or other related activity to the extraction, removal, or recovery of metal ore is being conducted. For surface mines, this definition does not include any land where grading has returned the earth to a desired contour and reclamation has begun.

"Active phase" means activities including each step from the extraction through production of a salable product, removal, or recovery of metal ore. For surface mines, this definition does not include any land where grading has returned the earth to a desired contour and reclamation has begun.

"Construction phase" means the building of site access roads and removal of overburden and waste rock to expose mineable minerals. The construction phase is not considered part of "mining operations."

"Exploration and development phase" entails exploration and land disturbance activities to determine the financial viability of a site. Development includes the building of site access roads and removal of overburden and waste rock to expose mineable minerals. The exploration phase is not considered part of "mining operations."

"Final stabilization" - a site or portion of a site is "finally stabilized" when: all applicable federal and state reclamation requirements have been implemented.

1. All soil-disturbing activities at the site have been completed and either of the two following criteria are met:

a. A uniform (e.g., evenly distributed, without large bare areas) perennial vegetative cover with a density of 70% of the native background vegetative cover for the area has been established on all unpaved areas and areas not covered by permanent structures, or

b. Equivalent permanent stabilization measures (such as the use of riprap, gabions, or geotextiles) have been employed.

2. When background native vegetation will cover less than 100% of the ground (e.g., arid areas, beaches), the 70% coverage criteria is adjusted as follows: if the native vegetation covers 50% of the ground, 70% of 50% (0.70 x 0.50 = 0.35) would require 35% total cover for final stabilization. On a beach with no natural vegetation, no stabilization is required.

"Inactive metal mining facility" means a site or portion of a site where metal mining and/or or milling occurred in the past but is not an active facility as defined in this permit, and where the inactive portion is not covered by an active mining permit issued by the applicable federal or state governmental agency. An inactive metal mining facility has an identifiable owner or operator. Sites where mining claims are being maintained prior to disturbances associated with the extraction, beneficiation, or processing of mined materials and sites where minimal activities are undertaken for the sole purpose of maintaining a mining claim are not considered either active or inactive mining facilities and do not require a VPDES industrial stormwater permit.

"Mining operation" typically consists of three the active and temporarily inactive phases, any one of which individually qualifies as a "mining activity." The phases are the exploration and development phase, the active phase, and the reclamation phase and the reclamation phase, but excludes the exploration and construction phases.

"Reclamation phase" means activities undertaken, in compliance with applicable mined land reclamation requirements, following the cessation of the "active phase," intended to return the land to its premining use. an appropriate post-mining land use in order to meet applicable federal and state reclamation requirements. The reclamation phase is considered part of "mining operations."

"Temporarily inactive metal mining facility" means a site or portion of a site where metal mining and/or or milling occurred in the past but currently are not being actively undertaken, and the facility is covered by an active mining permit issued by the applicable federal or state government agency.

E. Clearing, grading, and excavation activities. Clearing, grading, and excavation activities being conducted as part of the exploration and development construction phase of a mining operation activities are covered under this permit.

1. Management practices for clearing, grading, and excavation activities.

a. Selecting and installing control measures. A combination of erosion and sedimentation control measures are required to achieve maximum pollutant prevention and removal. All control measures shall be properly selected, installed, and maintained in accordance with any relevant manufacturer specifications and good engineering practices.

b. Removal of sediment. If sediment escapes the site, off-site accumulations of sediment shall be removed at a frequency sufficient to prevent off-site impacts.

c. b. Good housekeeping. Litter, debris, and chemicals shall be prevented from becoming a pollutant source in storm water discharges.

d. Velocity dissipation. Velocity dissipation devices shall be placed at discharge locations and along the length of any outfall channel to provide a nonerosive flow velocity from disturbed areas and from any storm water retention or detention facilities to a water course so that the natural physical and biological characteristics and functions are maintained and protected (e.g., no significant changes in the hydrological regime of the receiving water).

e. c. Retention and detention of storm water runoff. For drainage locations serving more than one acre, sediment basins and/or or temporary sediment traps should be used. At a minimum, silt fences, vegetative buffer strips, or equivalent sediment controls are required for all down slope boundaries (and for those side slope boundaries deemed appropriate as dictated by individual site conditions) of the development area unless a sediment basin providing storage for a calculated volume of runoff from a two-year, 24-hour storm or 3,600 cubic feet of storage per acre drained is provided. Sediment shall be removed from sediment traps or sedimentation ponds when the design capacity has been reduced by 50%.

f. d. Temporary stabilization of disturbed areas. Stabilization measures shall be initiated immediately in portions of the site where development activities have temporarily or permanently ceased, but in no case more than 14 days after the construction activity clearing, grading, and excavation activities in that portion of the site has have temporarily or permanently ceased. In arid, semi-arid, and drought-stricken areas, or in areas subject to snow or freezing conditions, where initiating perennial vegetative stabilization measures is not possible within 14 days after mining, exploration, or construction activity has temporarily or permanently ceased, final temporary vegetative stabilization measures shall be initiated as soon as possible practicable. Until full temporary vegetative stabilization is achieved, interim measures such as erosion control blankets with an appropriate seed base and tackifiers shall be employed. In areas of the site where exploration or construction has permanently ceased prior to active mining, temporary stabilization measures shall be implemented to minimize mobilization of sediment or other pollutants until such time as the active mining phase commences.

2. Requirements for inspection of clearing, grading, and excavation activities.

a. Inspection frequency. Inspections shall be conducted at least once every seven calendar days or at least once every 14 calendar days and within 24 hours of the end of a storm event of 0.5 inches or greater. Inspection frequency may be reduced to at least once every month if the entire site is temporarily stabilized, if runoff is unlikely due to winter conditions (e.g., site is covered with snow, ice, or the ground is frozen) snow or ice) or frozen conditions, or construction is occurring during seasonal arid dry periods in arid areas and semi-arid areas.

b. Qualified personnel for inspections. Inspections shall be conducted by qualified personnel. "Qualified personnel" means a person knowledgeable in the principles and practice of erosion and sediment control who possesses the skills to assess conditions at the construction site that could impact storm water quality and the effectiveness of any sediment and erosion control measures selected to control the quality of storm water discharges from the clearing, grading, and excavation activities.

c. b. Location of inspections. Inspections shall include all areas of the site disturbed by clearing, grading, and excavation activities and areas used for storage of materials that are exposed to precipitation. Sedimentation and erosion control measures identified in the SWPPP shall be observed to ensure proper operation. Discharge locations shall be inspected to ascertain whether erosion control measures are effective in preventing significant impacts to state surface waters, where accessible. Where discharge locations are inaccessible, nearby downstream locations shall be inspected to the extent that such inspections are practicable. Locations where vehicles enter or exit the site shall be inspected for evidence of off-site sediment tracking.

d. c. Inspection reports. For each inspection required above, an inspection report shall be completed. At a minimum, the inspection report shall include:

(1) The inspection date;

(2) Names, titles, and qualifications of personnel making the inspection;

(3) Weather information for the period since the last inspection (or note if it is the first inspection) including a best estimate of the beginning of each storm event, duration of each storm event, approximate amount of rainfall for each storm event (in inches), and whether any discharges occurred;

(4) Weather information and a description of any discharges occurring at the time of the inspection;

(5) Location(s) of discharges of sediment or other pollutants from the site;

(6) Location(s) of [ BMPs control measures ] that need to be maintained;

(7) Location(s) of [ BMPs control measures ] that failed to operate as designed or proved inadequate for a particular location;

(8) Location(s) where additional [ BMPs control measures ] are needed that did not exist at the time of inspection; and

(9) Corrective action(s) required, including any changes to the SWPPP necessary and implementation dates.

A record of each inspection and of any actions taken in accordance with this section shall be retained as part of the SWPPP for at least three years from the date that permit coverage expires or is terminated. The inspection reports shall identify any incidents of noncompliance with the permit conditions. Where a report does not identify any incidents of noncompliance, the report shall contain a certification that the clearing, grading, and excavation activities are in compliance with the SWPPP and this permit. The report shall be signed in accordance with Part II K of the permit.

3. Maintenance of controls for clearing, grading, and excavation activities.

a. Maintenance of BMPs. All erosion and sediment control measures and other protective measures identified in the SWPPP shall be maintained in effective operating condition. If site inspections required by subdivision 2 of this subsection identify BMPs that are not operating effectively, maintenance shall be performed as soon as possible and before the next storm event whenever practicable to maintain the continued effectiveness of storm water controls.

b. Modification of BMPs. Existing BMPs need to be modified or, if additional BMPs are necessary for any reason, implementation shall be completed before the next storm event whenever practicable. If implementation before the next storm event is impracticable, the situation shall be documented in the SWPPP and alternative BMPs shall be implemented as soon as possible.

c. Maintenance of sediment traps and ponds. Sediment from sediment traps or sedimentation ponds shall be removed when design capacity has been reduced by 50%.

4. 3. Requirements for cessation of clearing, grading, and excavation activities.

a. Inspections and maintenance. Inspections and maintenance of control measures, including BMPs [ , ] associated with clearing, grading, and excavation activities being conducted as part of the exploration and construction phase of a mining operation shall continue until final stabilization has been achieved on all portions of the disturbed area, or until the commencement of the active mining phase for those areas that have been temporarily stabilized as a precursor to mining.

b. Final stabilization. Stabilization measures shall be initiated immediately in portions of the site where development exploration or construction activities have permanently ceased, but in no case more than 14 days after the exploration or construction activity in that portion of the site has permanently ceased. In arid, semi-arid, and drought-stricken areas, or in areas subject to snow or freezing conditions, where initiating perennial vegetative stabilization measures is not possible within 14 days after exploration or construction activity has temporarily or permanently ceased, final vegetative stabilization measures shall be initiated as soon as possible. Until final stabilization is achieved temporary stabilization measures, such as erosion control blankets with an appropriate seed base and tackifiers, shall be used.

F. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements for active, inactive, and temporarily inactive metal mining facilities and sites undergoing reclamation. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the plan shall include, at a minimum, the following items.

1. SWPPP requirements for active, inactive, and temporarily inactive metal mining facilities, and sites undergoing reclamation.

a. 1. Site description.

(1) a. Activities at the facility. A description of the mining and associated activities taking place at the site that can potentially affect storm water discharges covered by this permit. The description shall include a general description of the location of the site relative to major transportation routes and communities.

(2) b. Site map. The site map shall identify the locations of the following, as appropriate: mining/milling mining and milling site boundaries; access and haul roads; an outline of the drainage areas of each storm water outfall within the facility, and an indication of the types of discharges from the drainage areas; location(s) of all permitted discharges covered under an individual VPDES permit; outdoor equipment storage, fueling and maintenance areas; materials handling areas; outdoor manufacturing, storage or material disposal areas; outdoor storage areas for chemicals and explosives; areas used for storage of overburden, materials, soils or wastes; location of mine drainage (where water leaves mine) or any other process water; tailings piles/ponds piles and ponds, both proposed and existing; heap leach pads; points of discharge from the property for mine drainage/process drainage and process water; surface waters; boundary of tributary areas that are subject to effluent limitations guidelines; and location(s) of reclaimed areas.

b. 2. Summary of potential pollutant sources. For each area of the mine/mill mine or mill site where storm water discharges associated with industrial activities occur, the plan shall identify the types of pollutants likely to be present in significant amounts (e.g., heavy metals, sediment). The following factors shall be considered: the mineralogy of the ore and waste rock (e.g., acid forming); toxicity and quantity of chemicals used, produced or discharged; the likelihood, if any, of contact with storm water; vegetation of site, if any; and history of significant leaks/spills leaks and spills of toxic or hazardous pollutants. A summary of any existing ore or waste rock/overburden rock and overburden characterization data and test results for potential generation of acid rock shall also be included. If the ore or waste rock/overburden rock and overburden characterization data are updated due to a change in the ore type being mined, the SWPPP shall be updated with the new data.

c. 3. Storm water controls.

(1) a. Routine facility inspections. Sites Except for areas subject to clearing, grading, and excavation activities subject to subdivision E 2 of this section, sites shall be inspected at least monthly quarterly unless adverse weather conditions make the site inaccessible. The requirement for routine facility inspections is waived for facilities that have maintained an active VEEP E3/E4 status.

(2) b. Employee training. Employee training shall be conducted at least annually at active mining and temporarily inactive sites. All employee training shall be documented in the SWPPP.

(3) c. Structural BMPs control measures. [ Each In addition to the control measures required by Part III B 4, each ] of the following BMPs control measures shall be considered in the SWPPP. The potential pollutants identified in subpart F subdivision 1 b above of this subsection shall determine the priority and appropriateness of the BMPs control measures selected. If BMPs control measures are implemented or planned but are not listed here (e.g., substituting a less toxic chemical for a more toxic one), descriptions of them shall be included in the SWPPP.

(a) Sediment and erosion control. The measures to consider include: diversion of flow away from areas susceptible to erosion (measures such as interceptor dikes and swales, diversion dikes, curbs and berms); stabilization methods to prevent or minimize erosion (such as temporary or permanent seeding; vegetative buffer strips; protection of trees; topsoiling; soil conditioning; contouring; mulching; geotextiles (matting, netting, or blankets); riprap; gabions; and retaining walls); and structural methods for controlling sediment (such as check dams; rock outlet protection; level spreaders; gradient terraces; straw bale barriers; silt fences; gravel or stone filter berms; brush barriers; sediment traps; grass swales; pipe slope drains; earth dikes; other controls such as entrance stabilization, waterway crossings or wind breaks; or other equivalent measures).

(b) (1) Storm water diversion. A description of how and where storm water will be diverted away from potential pollutant sources to prevent storm water contamination. [ BMP Control measure ] options may include the following: interceptor dikes and swales; diversion dikes, curbs and berms; pipe slope drains; subsurface drains; drainage/storm drainage and storm water conveyance systems (channels or gutters, open top box culverts and waterbars; rolling dips and road sloping; roadway surface water deflector and culverts) or equivalent measures.

(c) Management of runoff. The potential pollutant sources given in subdivision 1 b of this subsection shall be considered when determining reasonable and appropriate measures for managing runoff.

(d) (2) Capping. When capping of a contaminant source is necessary, the source being capped and materials and procedures used to cap the contaminant source shall be identified.

(e) (3) Treatment. If treatment of a storm water discharge is necessary to protect water quality, include a description of the type and location of storm water treatment that will be used. Storm water treatments include the following: chemical or physical systems; oil/water oil and water separators; artificial wetlands; etc. The permittee is encouraged to use both passive and/or and active treatment of storm water runoff. Treated runoff may be discharged as a storm water source regulated under this permit provided the discharge is not combined with discharges subject to effluent limitation guidelines for the Ore Mining and Dressing Point Source Category (40 CFR Part 440 (2007))).

(f) (4) Certification of discharge testing. The permittee shall test or evaluate all outfalls covered under this permit for the presence of specific mining-related nonstorm water discharges such as seeps or adit discharges or discharges subject to effluent limitations guidelines (e.g., 40 CFR Part 440 (2007))), such as mine drainage or process water. Alternatively (if applicable), the permittee may certify in the SWPPP that a particular discharge composed of commingled storm water and nonstorm water is covered under a separate VPDES permit; and that permit subjects the nonstorm water portion to effluent limitations prior to any commingling. This certification shall identify the nonstorm water discharges, the applicable VPDES permit(s), the effluent limitations placed on the nonstorm water discharge by the permit(s), and the points at which the limitations are applied.

2. G. Termination of permit coverage.

a. 1. Termination of permit coverage for sites reclaimed after December 17, 1990. A site or a portion of a site that has been released from applicable state or federal reclamation requirements after December 17, 1990, is no longer required to maintain coverage under this permit, provided that the covered storm water discharges do not have the potential to cause or contribute to violations of state water quality standards. If the site or portion of a site reclaimed after December 17, 1990, was not subject to reclamation requirements, the site or portion of the site is no longer required to maintain coverage under this permit if the site or portion of the site has been reclaimed as defined in subpart 2 b below subdivision 2 of this subsection.

b. 2. Termination of permit coverage for sites reclaimed before December 17, 1990. A site or portion of a site that was released from applicable state or federal reclamation requirements before December 17, 1990, or that was otherwise reclaimed before December 17, 1990, is no longer required to maintain coverage under this permit if the site or portion of the site has been reclaimed. A site or portion of a site is considered to have been reclaimed if: (i) storm water runoff that comes into contact with (i) raw materials, intermediate byproducts, finished products, and waste products does not have the potential to cause or contribute to violations of state water quality standards, (ii) soil-disturbing activities related to mining at the sites or portion of the site have been completed, (iii) the site or portion of the site has been stabilized to minimize soil erosion, and (iv) as appropriate depending on location, size, and the potential to contribute pollutants to storm water discharges, the site or portion of the site has been revegetated, will be amenable to natural revegetation, or will be left in a condition consistent with the post-mining land use.

H. Inactive and unstaffed sites. Permittees in Sector G seeking to exercise a waiver from the quarterly visual assessment and routine facility inspection requirements for inactive and unstaffed sites (including temporarily inactive sites) are conditionally exempt from the requirement to certify that "there are no industrial materials or activities exposed to stormwater" in Part I A 4.

This exemption is conditioned on the following:

1. If circumstances change and the facility becomes active or staffed, this exception no longer applies and the permittee shall immediately begin complying with the quarterly visual assessment and routine facility inspection requirements; and

2. The board retains the authority to revoke this exemption and the monitoring waiver when it is determined that the discharge causes, has a reasonable potential to cause, or contributes to an instream excursion above an applicable water quality standard, including designated uses.

Subject to the two conditions in subdivisions 1 and 2 of this subsection, if a facility is inactive and unstaffed, the permittee is waived from the requirement to conduct quarterly visual assessments and routine facility inspections. The permittee is not waived from conducting the Part III E comprehensive site inspection. The board encourages the permittee to inspect the site more frequently when there is reason to believe that severe weather or natural disasters may have damaged control measures.

G. I. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Note: There are no benchmark monitoring requirements for inactive and unstaffed sites that have received a waiver in accordance with Part I A 4 (Inactive and unstaffed sites).

1. Copper ore mining and dressing facilities. Active copper ore mining and dressing facilities are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 150-1 below.

2. Discharges from waste rock and overburden piles at active sites, inactive sites, and sites undergoing reclamation. Discharges from waste rock and overburden piles at active sites, inactive sites, and sites undergoing reclamation shall be analyzed for the parameters listed in Table 150-2. Facilities shall also monitor for the parameters listed in Table 150-3. The director may also notify the facility that additional monitoring must be performed to accurately characterize the quality and quantity of pollutants discharged from the waste rock/overburden rock or overburden piles.

Table 150-1. Sector G – Benchmark Monitoring Requirements - Copper Ore Mining and Dressing Facilities.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Active Copper Ore Mining and Dressing Facilities (SIC 1021)
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L

Table 150-2. Sector G – Benchmark Monitoring Requirements - Discharges from Waste Rock and Overburden Piles from Active Ore Mining or Dressing Facilities, Inactive Ore Mining or Dressing Facilities, and Sites Undergoing Reclamation.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Iron Ores; Copper Ores; Lead and Zinc Ores; Gold and Silver Ores; Ferroalloy Ores Except Vanadium; Miscellaneous Metal Ores (SIC Codes 1011, 1021, 1031, 1041, 1044, 1061, 1081, 1094, 1099)
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
Turbidity (NTUs)	50 NTU
pH	6.0 - 9.0 s.u.
Hardness (as CaCO3)	no benchmark value
Total Recoverable Antimony	640 μg/L
Total Recoverable Arsenic	50 μg/L
Total Recoverable Beryllium	130 μg/L
Total Recoverable Cadmium	2.1 μg/L
Total Recoverable Copper	18 μg/L
Total Recoverable Iron	1.0 mg/L
Total Recoverable Lead	120 μg/L
Total Recoverable Mercury	1.4 μg/L
Total Recoverable Nickel	470 μg/L
Total Recoverable Selenium	5.0 μg/L
Total Recoverable Silver	3.8 μg/L
Total Recoverable Zinc	120 μg/L

Table 150-3. Sector G – Additional Monitoring Requirements for Discharges From from Waste Rock and Overburden Piles From from Active Ore Mining or Dressing Facilities, Inactive Ore Mining or Dressing Facilities, and Sites Undergoing Reclamation.
Type of Ore Mined	Pollutants of Concern
	TSS (mg/L)	pH	Metals, Total Recoverable
Tungsten Ore	X	X	Arsenic, Cadmium (H), Copper (H), Lead (H), Zinc (H).
Nickel Ore	X	X	Arsenic, Cadmium (H), Copper (H), Lead (H), Zinc (H).
Aluminum Ore	X	X	Iron.
Mercury Ore	X	X	Nickel (H).
Iron Ore	X	X	Iron (Dissolved).
Platinum Ore			Cadmium (H), Copper (H), Mercury, Lead (H), Zinc (H).
Titanium Ore	X	X	Iron, Nickel (H), Zinc (H).
Vanadium Ore	X	X	Arsenic, Cadmium (H), Copper (H), Lead (H), Zinc (H).
Copper, Lead, Zinc, Gold, Silver and Molybdenum	X	X	Arsenic, Cadmium (H), Copper (H), Lead (H), Mercury, Zinc (H).
Uranium, Radium and Vanadium	X	X	Chemical Oxygen Demand, Arsenic, Radium (Dissolved and Total Recoverable), Uranium, Zinc (H).
Note: (H) indicates that hardness must shall also be measured when this pollutant is measured.

9VAC25-151-160. Sector H - Coal mines and coal mining-related facilities.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from coal mining-related areas (SIC Major Group 12) if (i) they are not subject to effluent limitations guidelines under 40 CFR Part 434 (2007) or (ii) they are not subject to the standards of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA) (30 USC § 1201 et seq.) and the Virginia Department of Mines, Minerals and Energy's individual permit requirements.

The requirements of this section shall apply to storm water discharges from coal mining-related activities exempt from SMCRA, including the public financed exemption, the 16-2/3% exemption, the private use exemption, the under 250 tons exemption, the nonincidental tipple exemption, and the exemption for coal piles and preparation plants associated with the end user. Storm water discharges from the following portions of eligible coal mines and coal mining related facilities may be eligible for this permit: haul roads (nonpublic roads on which coal or coal refuse is conveyed), access roads (nonpublic roads providing light vehicular traffic within the facility property and to public roadways), railroad spurs, sidings, and internal haulage lines (rail lines used for hauling coal within the facility property and to off-site commercial railroad lines or loading areas); conveyor belts, chutes, and aerial tramway haulage areas (areas under and around coal or refuse conveyor areas, including transfer stations); and equipment storage and maintenance yards, coal handling buildings and structures, coal tipples, coal loading facilities and inactive coal mines and related areas (abandoned and other inactive mines, refuse disposal sites and other mining-related areas).

B. Special conditions. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. In addition to the general prohibition of nonstorm water discharges in Part I B 1, the following discharges are not covered by this permit: discharges from pollutant seeps or underground drainage from inactive coal mines and refuse disposal areas that do not result from precipitation events and discharges from floor drains in maintenance buildings and other similar drains in mining and preparation plant areas.

C. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the SWPPP shall include at a minimum, the following items.

1. Site description.

a. Site map. The site map shall identify where any of the following may be exposed to precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff:

(1) Drainage direction and discharge points from all applicable mining-related areas described in subsection A of this section Haul and access roads;

(2) Railroad spurs, sliding, and internal hauling lines;

(3) Conveyor belts, chutes, and aerial tramways;

(4) Equipment storage and maintenance yards;

(5) Coal handling buildings and structures;

(6) Inactive mines and related areas;

(2) (7) Acidic spoil, refuse or unreclaimed disturbed areas; and

(3) (8) Liquid storage tanks containing pollutants such as caustics, hydraulic fluids and lubricants.

b. Summary of potential pollutant sources. A description of the potential pollutant sources from the following activities: truck traffic on haul roads and resulting generation of sediment subject to runoff and dust generation; fuel or other liquid storage; pressure lines containing slurry, hydraulic fluid or other potential harmful liquids; and loading or temporary storage of acidic refuse/spoil refuse or spoil.

2. Storm water controls.

a. Good housekeeping. As part of the facility's good housekeeping program [ required by Part III B 4 b (1) ], the permittee shall consider the following: using sweepers, covered storage, and watering of haul roads to minimize dust generation; and conservation of vegetation (where possible) to minimize erosion.

b. Preventive maintenance. The permittee shall also perform inspections of storage tanks and pressure lines for fuels, lubricants, hydraulic fluid or slurry to prevent leaks due to deterioration or faulty connections; or other equivalent measures.

c. Routine facility inspections. Sites shall be inspected at least quarterly unless adverse weather conditions make the site inaccessible. The requirement for routine facility inspections is waived for facilities that have maintained an active VEEP E3/E4 status.

3. Comprehensive site compliance evaluation. The evaluation program shall also include inspections for pollutants entering the drainage system from activities located on or near coal mining-related areas. Among the areas to be inspected: haul and access roads; railroad spurs, sliding and internal hauling lines; conveyor belts, chutes and aerial tramways; equipment storage and maintenance yards; coal handling buildings/structures buildings and structures; and inactive mines and related areas.

D. Inactive and unstaffed sites. Permittees in Sector H seeking to exercise a waiver from the quarterly visual assessment and routine facility inspection requirements for inactive and unstaffed sites (including temporarily inactive sites) are conditionally exempt from the requirement to certify that "there are no industrial materials or activities exposed to stormwater" in Part I A 4.

This exemption is conditioned on the following:

1. If circumstances change and the facility becomes active or staffed, this exception no longer applies and the permittee shall immediately begin complying with the quarterly visual assessment requirements and routine facility inspection requirements; and

2. The board retains the authority to revoke this exemption and the monitoring waiver when it is determined that the discharge causes, has a reasonable potential to cause, or contributes to an instream excursion above an applicable water quality standard, including designated uses.

Subject to the two conditions in subdivisions 1 and 2 of this subsection, if a facility is inactive and unstaffed, the permittee is waived from the requirement to conduct quarterly visual assessments and routine facility inspections. The permittee is not waived from conducting the Part III E comprehensive site inspection. The board encourages the permittee to inspect the site more frequently when there is reason to believe that severe weather or natural disasters may have damaged control measures.

D. E. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Coal mining facilities are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 160. Note: There are no benchmark monitoring requirements for inactive and unstaffed sites that have received a waiver in accordance with Part I A 4 (Inactive and unstaffed sites).

Table 160. Sector H - Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Coal Mines and Related Areas (SIC 1221-1241)
Total Recoverable Aluminum	750 μg/L
Total Recoverable Iron	1.0 mg/L
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L

9VAC25-151-170. Sector I - Oil and gas extraction and refining.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from oil and gas extraction and refining facilities listed under SIC Major Group 13 which have had a discharge of a reportable quantity (RQ) of oil or a hazardous substance for which notification is required under 40 CFR 110.6 (2007), 40 CFR 117.21 (2007) or 40 CFR 302.6 (2007). These include oil and gas exploration, production, processing, or treatment operations, or transmission facilities that discharge storm water contaminated by contact with or that has come into contact with any overburden raw material, intermediate products, finished products, by-products or waste products located on the site of such operations. Industries in SIC Major Group 13 include the extraction and production of crude oil, natural gas, oil sands and shale; the production of hydrocarbon liquids and natural gas from coal; and associated oilfield service, supply and repair industries. This section also covers petroleum refineries listed under SIC Code 2911.

Contaminated storm water discharges from petroleum refining or drilling operations that are subject to nationally established BAT or BPT guidelines found at 40 CFR Part 419 (2006) and 40 CFR Part 435 (2007) respectively are not authorized by this permit.

Note: most contaminated discharges from petroleum refining and drilling facilities are subject to these effluent guidelines and are not eligible for coverage under this permit.

B. Special conditions. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. In addition to the general prohibition of nonstorm water discharges in Part I B 1, the following discharges are not covered by this permit: discharges of vehicle and equipment washwater, including tank cleaning operations. Alternatively, washwater discharges must be authorized under a separate VPDES permit, or be discharged to a sanitary sewer in accordance with applicable industrial pretreatment requirements.

C. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the SWPPP shall include, at a minimum, the following items.

1. Site description.

a. Site map. The site map shall identify where any of the following may be exposed to precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff: reportable quantity (RQ) releases; locations used for the treatment, storage or disposal of wastes; processing areas and storage areas; chemical mixing areas; construction and drilling areas; all areas subject to the effluent guidelines requirement of "No Discharge" in accordance with 40 CFR 435.32 (2007) and the structural controls to achieve compliance with the "No Discharge" requirement.

b. Summary of potential pollutant sources.

(1) The plan shall also include a description of the potential pollutant sources from the following activities: chemical, cement, mud or gel mixing activities; drilling or mining activities; and equipment cleaning and rehabilitation activities.

(2) The plan shall include information about the RQ release which triggered the permit application requirements, including: the nature of the release (e.g., spill of oil from a drum storage area); the amount of oil or hazardous substance released; amount of substance recovered; date of the release; cause of the release (e.g., poor handling techniques and lack of containment in the area); areas affected by the release, including land and waters; procedure to cleanup release; actions or procedures implemented to prevent or improve response to a release; and remaining potential contamination of storm water from release (taking into account human health risks, the control of drinking water intakes, and the designated uses of the receiving water).

2. Storm water controls. a. Routine facility inspections. All equipment and areas addressed in the SWPPP shall be inspected at least monthly. Equipment and vehicles which store, mix (including all on-site and off-site mixing tanks) or transport chemicals/hazardous materials (including those transporting supplies to oil field activities) will be inspected on a monthly basis. For temporarily or permanently inactive oil and gas extraction facilities within Major SIC Group 13, which are remotely located and unstaffed, the inspections shall be performed at least annually. b. : Sediment and erosion control. The [ sediment and ] erosion control [ requirement additional documentation requirements ] for well drillings and sand/shale sand or shale mining areas are as follows:

(1) a. Site description. Each plan shall provide a description of the following:

(a) (1) A description of the nature of the exploration activity;

(b) (2) Estimates of the total area of the site and the area of the site that is expected to be disturbed due to the exploration activity;

(c) (3) An estimate of the runoff coefficient of the site;

(d) (4) A site map indicating drainage patterns and approximate slopes; and

(e) (5) The name of all receiving water(s).

(2) b. Vegetative controls. The SWPPP shall include a description of vegetative practices designed to preserve existing vegetation where attainable and revegetate open areas as soon as practicable after grade drilling. Such practices may include: temporary or permanent seeding, mulching, sod stabilization, vegetative buffer strips, tree protection practices. The permittee shall initiate appropriate vegetative practices on all disturbed areas within 14 calendar days of the last activity at that area.

(3) Off-site vehicle tracking of sediments shall be minimized.

(4) c. Procedures in the plan shall provide that all erosion [ and sedimentation ] controls on the site are inspected at least once every seven calendar days.

c. Good housekeeping measures.

(1) Vehicle and equipment storage areas. The storage of vehicles and equipment awaiting or having completed maintenance shall be confined to designated areas (delineated on the site map). The plan shall describe measures that prevent or minimize contamination of the storm water runoff from these areas (e.g., drip pans under equipment, indoor storage, use of berms and dikes, or other equivalent measures.

(2) Materials and chemical storage areas. Storage units of all chemicals and materials shall be maintained in good condition so as to prevent contamination of storm water. Hazardous materials shall be plainly labeled.

(3) Chemical mixing areas. The plan shall describe measures that prevent or minimize contamination of the storm water runoff from chemical mixing areas.

d. Contact with waste water pollutants at exploration and production facilities. The permittee shall take all measures necessary to prevent the discharge of storm water that has come into contact with waste water pollutants from any sources associated with production, field exploration, drilling, well completion, or well treatment (i.e., produced water, drilling muds, drill cuttings, and produced sand).

Sector J – Mineral Mining and Dressing (SIC 1411-1499). Facilities described by this sector are not covered by this general permit. Facilities with storm water discharges that fall under this sector should apply for coverage under the VPDES Nonmetallic Mineral Mining General Permit (VAG 84).

9VAC25-151-180. Sector K - Hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facilities.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from facilities that treat, store, or dispose of hazardous wastes, including those that are operating under interim status or a permit under subtitle C of RCRA (Industrial Activity Code "HZ"). Disposal facilities that have been properly closed and capped, or clean closed, and have no significant materials exposed to storm water, are considered inactive and do not require permits this permit.

B. Special conditions. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. In addition to the general prohibition of nonstorm water discharges in Part I B 1, the following discharges are not covered by this permit: leachate, gas collection condensate, drained free liquids, contaminated ground water, laboratory-derived wastewater and contact washwater from washing truck, equipment, and railcar exteriors and surface areas that have come in direct contact with solid waste at the landfill facility.

C. Definitions.

"Contaminated storm water" means storm water that comes in direct contact with landfill wastes, the waste handling and treatment areas, or landfill wastewater as defined in this section. Some specific areas of a landfill that may produce contaminated storm water include, but are not limited to: the open face of an active landfill with exposed waste (no cover added); the areas around wastewater treatment operations; trucks, equipment or machinery that has been in direct contact with the waste; and waste dumping areas.

"Drained free liquids" means aqueous wastes drained from waste containers (e.g., drums, etc.) prior to landfilling.

"Land treatment facility" means a facility or part of a facility at which hazardous waste is applied onto or incorporated into the soil surface; such facilities are disposal facilities if the waste will remain after closure.

"Landfill" means an area of land or an excavation in which wastes are placed for permanent disposal, that is not a land application or land treatment unit, surface impoundment, underground injection well, waste pile, salt dome formation, a salt bed formation, an underground mine or a cave as these terms are defined in 40 CFR 257.2 (2006), 40 CFR 258.2 (2006) and 40 CFR 260.10 (2007).

"Landfill wastewater" as defined in 40 CFR Part 445 (2007) (Landfills Point Source Category) means all wastewater associated with, or produced by, landfilling activities except for sanitary wastewater, noncontaminated storm water, contaminated ground water, and wastewater from recovery pumping wells. Landfill wastewater includes, but is not limited to, leachate, gas collection condensate, drained free liquids, laboratory derived wastewater, contaminated storm water and contact washwater from washing truck, equipment, and railcar exteriors and surface areas that have come in direct contact with solid waste at the landfill facility.

"Leachate" means liquid that has passed through or emerged from solid waste and contains soluble, suspended, or miscible materials removed from such waste.

"Noncontaminated storm water" means storm water that does not come into direct contact with landfill wastes, the waste handling and treatment areas, or landfill wastewater as defined above. Noncontaminated storm water includes storm water that flows off the cap, cover, intermediate cover, daily cover, and/or or final cover of the landfill.

"Pile" means any noncontainerized accumulation of solid, nonflowing hazardous waste that is used for treatment or storage and that is not a containment building.

"Surface impoundment" means a facility or part of a facility that is a natural topographic depression, man-made excavation or diked area formed primarily of earthen materials (although it may be lined with man-made materials), which is designed to hold an accumulation of liquid wastes or wastes containing free liquids, and which is not an injection well. Examples of surface impoundments are holding, storage, settling, and aeration pits, ponds and lagoons.

D. Numeric effluent limitations. As set forth at 40 CFR Part 445 Subpart A (2007), the numeric limitations in Table 180-1 apply to contaminated storm water discharges from hazardous waste landfills subject to the provisions of RCRA Subtitle C at 40 CFR Parts 264 (Subpart N) (2007) and 265 (Subpart N) (2007) except for any of the following facilities described in subdivisions 1 through 4 of this subsection:

1. Landfills operated in conjunction with other industrial or commercial operations when the landfill only receives wastes generated by the industrial or commercial operation directly associated with the landfill;

2. Landfills operated in conjunction with other industrial or commercial operations when the landfill receives wastes generated by the industrial or commercial operation directly associated with the landfill and also receives other wastes provided the other wastes received for disposal are generated by a facility that is subject to the same provisions in 40 CFR Subchapter N (2007) as the industrial or commercial operation or the other wastes received are of similar nature to the wastes generated by the industrial or commercial operation;

3. Landfills operated in conjunction with Centralized Waste Treatment (CWT) facilities subject to 40 CFR Part 437 (2007) so long as the CWT facility commingles the landfill wastewater with other nonlandfill wastewater for discharge. A landfill directly associated with a CWT facility is subject to this part if the CWT facility discharges landfill wastewater separately from other CWT wastewater or commingles the wastewater from its landfill only with wastewater from other landfills; or

4. Landfills operated in conjunction with other industrial or commercial operations when the landfill receives wastes from public service activities so long as the company owning the landfill does not receive a fee or other remuneration for the disposal service.

Table 180-1. Sector K – Numeric Effluent Limitations.
Parameter	Effluent Limitations
	Maximum Daily	Maximum Monthly Average
Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, or Disposal Facilities (Industrial Activity Code "HZ") Subject to the Provisions of 40 CFR Part 445 Subpart A (2007).
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5)	220 mg/L	56 mg/L
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	88 mg/L	27 mg/L
Ammonia	10 mg/L	4.9 mg/L
Alpha Terpineol	0.042 mg/L	0.019 mg/L
Aniline	0.024 mg/L	0.015 mg/L
Benzoic Acid	0.119 mg/L*	0.073 mg/L
Naphthalene	0.059 mg/L	0.022 mg/L
p-Cresol	0.024 mg/L	0.015 mg/L
Phenol	0.048 mg/L	0.029 mg/L
Pyridine	0.072 mg/L	0.025 mg/L
Arsenic (Total)	1.1 mg/L	0.54 mg/L
Chromium (Total)	1.1 mg/L	0.46 mg/L
Zinc (Total)	0.535 mg/L*	0.296 mg/L*
pH	Within the range of 6.0 - 9.0 s.u.
*These effluent limitations are three significant digits for reporting purposes.

E. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Permittees with hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facilities (TSDFs) are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 180-2. These benchmark monitoring cutoff concentrations apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity other than contaminated storm water discharges from landfills subject to the numeric effluent limitations set forth in Table 180-1.

Table 180-2. Sector K – Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, or Disposal Facilities (Industrial Activity Code "HZ")
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN)	1.5 mg/L
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)	110 mg/L
Total Recoverable Arsenic	50 μg/L
Total Recoverable Cadmium	2.1 μg/L
Total Cyanide	22 μg/L
Total Recoverable Lead	120 μg/L
Total Recoverable Magnesium	64 μg/L
Total Recoverable Mercury	1.4 μg/L
Total Recoverable Selenium	5.0 μg/L
Total Recoverable Silver	3.8 μg/L

9VAC25-151-190. Sector L - Landfills, land application sites and open dumps.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from waste disposal at landfills, land application sites, and open dumps that receive or have received industrial wastes (Industrial Activity Code "LF"), including sites subject to regulation under Subtitle D of RCRA. Open dumps are solid waste disposal units that are not in compliance with state/federal criteria established under RCRA Subtitle D. Landfills, land application sites, and open dumps that have storm water discharges from other types of industrial activities such as vehicle maintenance, truck washing, and/or and recycling may be subject to additional requirements specified elsewhere in this permit. This permit does not cover discharges from landfills that receive only municipal wastes. Landfills [ (including landfills in "post-closure care") ] that have been properly closed and capped in accordance with 9VAC20-81-160 and 9VAC20-81-170 and have no significant materials exposed to stormwater do not require this permit. Landfills closed in accordance with regulations or permits in effect prior to December 21, 1988, do not require this permit, unless significant materials are exposed to stormwater.

B. Special conditions. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. In addition to the general nonstorm water prohibition in Part I B 1, the following discharges are not covered by this permit: leachate, gas collection condensate, drained free liquids, contaminated ground water, laboratory wastewater, and contact washwater from washing truck, equipment, and railcar exteriors and surface areas that have come in direct contact with solid waste at the landfill facility.

C. Definitions.

"Contaminated storm water" means storm water that comes in direct contact with landfill wastes, the waste handling and treatment areas, or landfill wastewater as defined below. Some specific areas of a landfill that may produce contaminated storm water include, but are not limited to:, the open working face of an active landfill with exposed waste (no cover added); the areas around wastewater treatment operations; trucks, equipment, or machinery that has been in direct contact with the waste; and waste dumping areas.

"Drained free liquids" means aqueous wastes drained from waste containers (e.g., drums, etc.) prior to landfilling.

"Landfill wastewater" as defined in 40 CFR Part 445 (2007) (Landfills Point Source Category) means all wastewater associated with, or produced by, landfilling activities except for sanitary wastewater, noncontaminated storm water, contaminated groundwater, and wastewater from recovery pumping wells. Landfill process wastewater includes, but is not limited to, leachate, gas collection condensate, drained free liquids, laboratory derived wastewater, contaminated storm water and contact washwater from washing truck, equipment, and railcar exteriors and surface areas that have come in direct contact with solid waste at the landfill facility.

"Leachate" means liquid that has passed through or emerged from solid waste and contains soluble, suspended, or miscible materials removed from such waste.

"Noncontaminated storm water" means storm water that does not come into direct contact with landfill wastes, the waste handling and treatment areas, or landfill wastewater as defined above. Noncontaminated storm water includes storm water that flows off the cap, cover, intermediate cover, daily cover, and/or or final cover of the landfill.

"Open dump" means a site on which any solid waste is placed, discharged, deposited, injected, dumped, or spilled so as to present a threat of a release of harmful substances into the environment or present a hazard to human health. Such a site is subject to the open dump criteria in 9VAC20-81-45.

D. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements in Part III, the SWPPP shall include, at a minimum, the following items.

1. Site description.

a. Site map. The site map shall identify where any of the following may be exposed to precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff: active and closed landfill cells or trenches; active and closed land application areas; locations where open dumping is occurring or has occurred; locations of any known leachate springs or other areas where uncontrolled leachate may commingle with runoff; and leachate collection and handling systems.

b. Summary of potential pollutant sources. The SWPPP shall also include a description of potential pollutant sources associated with any of the following: fertilizer, herbicide, and pesticide application; earth/soil earth and soil moving; waste hauling and loading/unloading loading and unloading; outdoor storage of significant materials including daily, interim and final cover material stockpiles as well as temporary waste storage areas; exposure of active and inactive landfill and land application areas; uncontrolled leachate flows; and failure or leaks from leachate collection and treatment systems.

2. Storm water controls.

a. Preventive maintenance program. As part of the preventive maintenance program, the permittee shall maintain: all containers used for outdoor chemical/significant materials storage to prevent leaking; all elements of leachate collection and treatment systems to prevent commingling of leachate with storm water; and the integrity and effectiveness of any intermediate or final cover (including making repairs to the cover as necessary necessary), to minimize the effects of settlement, sinking, and erosion) erosion.

b. Good housekeeping measures. As part of the good housekeeping program, the permittee shall consider providing protected storage areas for pesticides, herbicides, fertilizer and other significant materials.

c. b. Routine facility inspections.

(1) Inspections of active sites. Operating landfills, open dumps, and land application sites shall be inspected at least once every seven days. Qualified personnel shall inspect areas of landfills that have not yet been finally stabilized, active land application areas, areas used for storage of materials/wastes materials or wastes that are exposed to precipitation, stabilization and structural control measures, leachate collection and treatment systems, and locations where equipment and waste trucks enter and exit the site. Erosion and sediment control measures shall be observed to ensure they are operating correctly. For stabilized sites and areas where land application has been completed, or where the climate is seasonally arid (annual rainfall averages from 0 to 10 inches) or semi-arid (annual rainfall averages from 10 to 20 inches), inspections shall be conducted at least once every month.

(2) Inspections of inactive sites. Inactive landfills, open dumps, and land application sites shall be inspected at least quarterly. Qualified personnel shall inspect landfill (or open dump) stabilization and structural erosion control measures and leachate collection and treatment systems, and all closed land application areas.

d. c. Recordkeeping and internal reporting procedures. Landfill and open dump owners shall provide for a tracking system for the types of wastes disposed of in each cell or trench of a landfill or open dump. Land application site owners shall track the types and quantities of wastes applied in specific areas.

e. Certification of d. Annual outfall evaluation for unauthorized discharges. The discharge test and certification evaluation shall also be conducted for the presence of leachate and vehicle washwater.

f. e. Sediment and erosion control plan. Landfill and open dump owners shall provide for temporary stabilization of materials stockpiled for daily, intermediate, and final cover. Stabilization practices to consider include, but are not limited to, temporary seeding, mulching, and placing geotextiles on the inactive portions of the stockpiles. Landfill and open dump owners shall provide for temporary stabilization of inactive areas of the landfill or open dump which have an intermediate cover but no final cover. Landfill and open dump owners shall provide for temporary stabilization of any landfill or open dumping areas which have received a final cover until vegetation has established itself. Land application site owners shall also stabilize areas where waste application has been completed until vegetation has been established.

g. f. Comprehensive site compliance evaluation. Areas contributing to a storm water discharge associated with industrial activities at landfills, open dumps and land application sites shall be evaluated for evidence of, or the potential for, pollutants entering the drainage system.

E. Numeric effluent limitations. As set forth at 40 CFR Part 445 Subpart B (2007), the numeric limitations in Table 190-1 apply to contaminated storm water discharges from municipal solid waste landfills (MSWLFs) that have not been closed in accordance with 40 CFR 258.60 (2006), and contaminated storm water discharges from those landfills that are subject to the provisions of 40 CFR Part 257 (2006) (these include CDD landfills (also known as C&D landfills), and industrial landfills) except for discharges from any of the following facilities described in subdivisions 1 through 4 of this subsection:

1. Landfills operated in conjunction with other industrial or commercial operations when the landfill only receives wastes generated by the industrial or commercial operation directly associated with the landfill;

2. Landfills operated in conjunction with other industrial or commercial operations when the landfill receives wastes generated by the industrial or commercial operation directly associated with the landfill and also receives other wastes provided the other wastes received for disposal are generated by a facility that is subject to the same provisions in 40 CFR Subchapter N (2007) as the industrial or commercial operation or the other wastes received are of similar nature to the wastes generated by the industrial or commercial operation;

3. Landfills operated in conjunction with centralized waste treatment (CWT) facilities subject to 40 CFR Part 437 (2007) so long as the CWT facility commingles the landfill wastewater with other nonlandfill wastewater for discharge. A landfill directly associated with a CWT facility is subject to this part if the CWT facility discharges landfill wastewater separately from other CWT wastewater or commingles the wastewater from its landfill only with wastewater from other landfills; or

4. Landfills operated in conjunction with other industrial or commercial operations when the landfill receives wastes from public service activities so long as the company owning the landfill does not receive a fee or other remuneration for the disposal service.

Table 190-1. Sector L – Numeric Effluent Limitations.
Parameter	Effluent Limitations
	Maximum Daily	Maximum Monthly Average
Landfills (Industrial Activity Code "LF") that are Subject to the Requirements of 40 CFR Part 445 Subpart B (2007).
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5)	140 mg/L	37 mg/L
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	88 mg/L	27 mg/L
Ammonia	10 mg/L	4.9 mg/L
Alpha Terpineol	0.033 mg/L	0.016 mg/L
Benzoic Acid	0.12 mg/L	0.071 mg/L
p-Cresol	0.025 mg/L	0.014 mg/L
Phenol	0.026 mg/L	0.015 mg/L
Zinc (Total)	0.20 mg/L	0.11 mg/L
pH	Within the range of 6.0 - 9.0 s.u.

F. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Landfill/land application/open Landfill, land application, and open dump sites are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 190-2. These benchmark monitoring cutoff concentrations apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity other than contaminated storm water discharges from landfills subject to the numeric effluent limitations set forth in Table 190-1.

Table 190-2. Sector L – Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Landfills, Land Application Sites and Open Dumps (Industrial Activity Code "LF").
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
Landfills, Land Application Sites and Open Dumps (Industrial Activity Code "LF"), except MSWLF Areas Closed in Accordance with the Requirements of the Solid Waste Management Regulations, 9VAC20-81
Total Recoverable Iron	1.0 mg/L

9VAC25-151-200. Sector M - Automobile salvage yards.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from facilities engaged in dismantling or wrecking used motor vehicles for parts recycling/resale recycling or resale, and for scrap (SIC Code 5015).

B. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the SWPPP shall include, at a minimum, the following items:

1. Site description.

a. Site map. The map shall include the location of each monitoring point, and an estimation (in acres) of the total area used for industrial activity including, but not limited to, dismantling, storage, and maintenance of used motor vehicle parts. The site map shall also identify where any of the following may be exposed to precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff: vehicle storage areas; dismantling areas; parts storage areas (e.g., engine blocks, tires, hub caps, batteries, hoods, mufflers); and liquid storage tanks and drums for fuel and other fluids.

b. Summary of potential pollutant sources. The permittee shall assess the potential for the following activities to contribute pollutants to storm water discharges: vehicle storage areas; dismantling areas; parts storage areas (e.g., engine blocks, tires, hub caps, batteries, and hoods); fueling stations.

2. Storm water controls.

a. Spill and leak prevention procedures. All vehicles that are intended to be dismantled shall be properly drained of all fluids prior to being dismantled or crushed, or other equivalent means shall be taken to prevent leaks or spills of fluids.

b. Inspections. Upon arrival at the site, or as soon thereafter as feasible, vehicles shall be inspected for leaks. Any equipment containing oily parts, hydraulic fluids, any other types of fluids, or mercury switches shall be inspected at least quarterly (four times per year) for signs of leaks. All vessels and areas where hazardous materials and general automotive fluids are stored, including, but not limited to, mercury switches, brake fluid, transmission fluid, radiator water, and antifreeze, shall be inspected at least quarterly for leaks.

c. Employee training. Employee training shall, at a minimum, address the following areas when applicable to a facility: proper handling (collection, storage, and disposal) of oil, used mineral spirits, anti-freeze, mercury switches, and solvents.

d. Management of runoff. The [ plan permittee ] shall [ consider implement control measures to divert, infiltrate, reuse, contain, or otherwise reduce stormwater runoff to minimize pollutants in discharges from the facility. The following ] management practices [ , such as shall be considered: ] berms or drainage ditches on the property line, to help prevent runon from neighboring properties [ . Berms shall be considered; berms ] for uncovered outdoor storage of oily parts, engine blocks, and aboveground liquid storage [ . The permittee shall consider; and ] the installation of detention ponds, filtering devices, and oil/water separators.

C. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Automobile salvage yards are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 200.

Table 200. Sector M – Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Automobile Salvage Yards (SIC 5015)
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
Total Recoverable Aluminum	750 μg/L
Total Recoverable Iron	1.0 mg/L
Total Recoverable Lead	120 μg/L

9VAC25-151-210. Sector N - Scrap recycling and waste recycling facilities and material recovery facilities (MRF).

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from facilities that are engaged in the processing, reclaiming and wholesale distribution of scrap and waste materials such as ferrous and nonferrous metals, paper, plastic, cardboard, glass, animal hides (these types of activities are typically identified as SIC Code 5093), and facilities that are engaged in reclaiming and recycling liquid wastes such as used oil, antifreeze, mineral spirits, and industrial solvents (also identified as SIC Code 5093). Separate permit requirements have been established for recycling facilities that only receive source-separated recyclable materials primarily from nonindustrial and residential sources (also identified as SIC Code 5093) (e.g., common consumer products including paper, newspaper, glass, cardboard, plastic containers, aluminum and tin cans). This includes recycling facilities commonly referred to as material recovery facilities (MRF).

Separate permit requirements have also been established for facilities that are engaged in dismantling ships, marine salvaging, and marine wrecking–ships for scrap (SIC 4499, limited to those listed; for others in SIC 4499 not listed above, see Sector Q (9VAC25-151-240)).

B. Special conditions. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. In addition to the general nonstorm water prohibition in Part I B 1, nonstorm water discharges from turnings containment areas are not covered by this permit (see also subdivision C 2 c of this section). Discharges from containment areas in the absence of a storm event are prohibited unless covered by a separate VPDES permit.

C. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, all facilities are required to comply with the general SWPPP requirement in subdivision 1 of this subsection.

Subdivisions 2 through 5 of this subsection have SWPPP requirements for specific types of recycling facilities. The permittee shall implement and describe in the SWPPP a program to address those items that apply. Included are lists of [ BMP control measure ] options that, along with any functional equivalents, shall be considered for implementation. [ Selection or deselection of a particular BMP or approach is up to the best professional judgment of the permittee, as long as the objective of the requirement is met. ]

1. Site description. Site map. The site map shall identify the locations where any of the following activities or sources may be exposed to precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff: scrap and waste material storage, outdoor scrap and waste processing equipment, and containment areas for turnings exposed to cutting fluids.

2. Scrap recycling and waste recycling facilities (nonsource-separated, nonliquid recyclable materials). The following SWPPP special conditions have been established for facilities that receive, process and do wholesale distribution of nonliquid recyclable wastes (e.g., ferrous and nonferrous metals, plastics, glass, cardboard and paper). These facilities may receive both nonrecyclable and recyclable materials. This section is not intended for those facilities that only accept recyclable materials primarily from nonindustrial and residential sources.

a. Inbound recyclable and waste material control program. The plan shall include a recyclable and waste material inspection program to minimize the likelihood of receiving materials that may be significant pollutant sources to storm water discharges. [ BMP Control measure ] options:

(1) Provide information/education information and education flyers, brochures and pamphlets to suppliers of scrap and recyclable waste materials on draining and properly disposing of residual fluids prior to delivery to the facility (e.g., from vehicles and equipment engines, radiators, and transmissions, oil-filled transformers, and individual containers or drums), and on removal of mercury switches prior to delivery to the facility;

(2) Establish procedures to minimize the potential of any residual fluids from coming in contact with precipitation/runoff precipitation or runoff;

(3) Establish procedures for accepting scrap lead-acid batteries. Additional requirements for the handling, storage and disposal or recycling of batteries are contained in the scrap lead-acid battery program provisions in subdivision 2 f of this subsection;

(4) Provide training targeted for those personnel engaged in the inspection and acceptance of inbound recyclable materials;

(5) Establish procedures to ensure that liquid wastes, including used oil, are stored in materially compatible and nonleaking containers and disposed or recycled in accordance with all requirements under the Resource Recovery and Conservation Act (RCRA), and other state or local requirements.

b. Scrap and waste material stockpiles/storage stockpiles and storage (outdoor). The plan shall describe measures and controls to minimize contact of storm water runoff with stockpiled materials, processed materials and nonrecyclable wastes. [ BMP Control measure ] options:

(1) Permanent or semipermanent covers;

(2) The use of sediment traps, vegetated swales and strips, catch basin filters and sand filters to facilitate settling or filtering of pollutants;

(3) Diversion of runoff away from storage areas via dikes, berms, containment trenches, culverts and surface grading;

(4) Silt fencing;

(5) Oil/water separators, sumps and dry adsorbents for areas where potential sources of residual fluids are stockpiled (e.g., automotive engine storage areas).

c. Stockpiling of turnings exposed to cutting fluids (outdoor storage). The plan shall implement measures necessary to minimize contact of surface runoff with residual cutting fluids. [ BMP Control measure ] options (use singularly or in combination):

(1) Storage of all turnings exposed to cutting fluids under some form of permanent or semipermanent cover. Storm water discharges from these areas are permitted provided the runoff is first treated by an oil/water separator or its equivalent. Procedures to collect, handle, and dispose or recycle residual fluids that may be present shall be identified in the plan;

(2) Establish dedicated containment areas for all turnings that have been exposed to cutting fluids. Storm water runoff from these areas can be discharged provided:

(a) The containment areas are constructed of either concrete, asphalt or other equivalent type of impermeable material;

(b) There is a barrier around the perimeter of the containment areas to prevent contact with storm water runon (e.g., berms, curbing, elevated pads, etc.);

(c) There is a drainage collection system for runoff generated from containment areas;

(d) There is a schedule to maintain the oil/water separator (or its equivalent); and

(e) Procedures are identified for the proper disposal or recycling of collected residual fluids.

d. Scrap and waste material stockpiles/storage stockpiles and storage (covered or indoor storage). The plan shall address measures and controls to minimize contact of residual liquids and particulate matter from materials stored indoors or under cover from coming in contact with surface runoff. [ BMP Control measure ] options:

(1) Good housekeeping measures, including the use of dry absorbent or wet vacuum clean up cleanup methods, to contain or dispose/recycle, dispose, or recycle residual liquids originating from recyclable containers, or mercury spill kits from storage of mercury switches;

(2) Prohibiting the practice of allowing washwater from tipping floors or other processing areas from discharging to the storm sewer system;

(3) Disconnecting or sealing off all floor drains connected to the storm sewer system.

e. Scrap and recyclable waste processing areas. The plan shall include measures and controls to minimize surface runoff from coming in contact with scrap processing equipment. In the case of processing equipment that generate visible amounts of particulate residue (e.g., shredding facilities), the plan shall describe measures to minimize the contact of residual fluids and accumulated particulate matter with runoff (i.e., through good housekeeping, preventive maintenance, etc.). [ BMP Control measure ] options:

(1) A schedule of regular inspections of equipment for leaks, spills, malfunctioning, worn or corroded parts or equipment;

(2) A preventive maintenance program for processing equipment;

(3) Removal of mercury switches from the hood and trunk lighting units, and removal of anti-lock brake system units containing mercury switches;

(4) Use of dry-absorbents or other cleanup practices to collect and to dispose/recycle spilled/leaking dispose of or recycle spilled or leaking fluids, or use of mercury spill kits for spills from storage of mercury switches;

(5) Installation of low-level alarms or other equivalent protection devices on unattended hydraulic reservoirs over 150 gallons in capacity. Alternatively, provide secondary containment with sufficient volume to contain the entire volume of the reservoir.

(6) Containment or diversion structures such as dikes, berms, culverts, trenches, elevated concrete pads, and grading to minimize contact of storm water runoff with outdoor processing equipment or stored materials;

(7) Oil/water separators or sumps;

(8) Permanent or semipermanent covers in processing areas where there are residual fluids and grease;

(9) Retention and detention basins or ponds, sediment traps, vegetated swales or strips, to facilitate pollutant settling/ filtration settling and filtration;

(10) Catch basin filters or sand filters.

f. Scrap lead-acid battery program. The plan shall address measures and controls for the proper handling, storage and disposal of scrap lead-acid batteries. [ BMP Control measure ] options:

(1) Segregate scrap lead-acid batteries from other scrap materials;

(2) A description of procedures and/or and measures for the proper handling, storage and disposal of cracked or broken batteries;

(3) A description of measures to collect and dispose of leaking lead-acid battery fluid;

(4) A description of measures to minimize and, whenever possible, eliminate exposure of scrap lead-acid batteries to precipitation or runoff;

(5) A description of employee training for the management of scrap batteries.

g. Spill prevention and response procedures. The SWPPP shall include measures to minimize storm water contamination at loading/unloading loading and unloading areas, and from equipment or container failures. [ BMP Control measure ] options:

(1) Description of spill prevention and response measures to address areas that are potential sources of fluid leaks or spills;

(2) Immediate containment and clean up of spills/leaks spills and leaks. If malfunctioning equipment is responsible for the spill/leak spill or leak, repairs shall also be conducted as soon as possible;

(3) Cleanup procedures shall be identified in the plan, including the use of dry absorbents. Where dry absorbent cleanup methods are used, an adequate supply of dry absorbent material shall be maintained on-site. Used absorbent material shall be disposed of properly;

(4) Drums containing liquids, especially oil and lubricants, shall be stored: indoors; in a bermed area; in overpack containers or spill pallets; or in similar containment devices;

(5) Overfill prevention devices shall be installed on all fuel pumps or tanks;

(6) Drip pans or equivalent measures shall be placed under any leaking piece of stationary equipment until the leak is repaired. The drip pans shall be inspected for leaks and potential overflow and all liquids properly disposed of in accordance with RCRA requirements;

(7) An alarm and/or or pump shut off system shall be installed on outdoor equipment with hydraulic reservoirs exceeding 150 gallons in order to prevent draining the tank contents in the event of a line break. Alternatively, the equipment may have a secondary containment system capable of containing the contents of the hydraulic reservoir plus adequate freeboard for precipitation. A mercury spill kit shall be used for any release of mercury from switches, anti-lock brake systems, and switch storage areas.

h. Inspection program. All designated areas of the facility and equipment identified in the plan shall be inspected at least monthly quarterly. The requirement for routine facility inspections is waived for facilities that have maintained an active VEEP E3/E4 status.

i. Supplier notification program. The plan shall include a program to notify major suppliers which scrap materials will not be accepted at the facility or are only accepted under certain conditions.

3. Waste recycling facilities (liquid recyclable materials).

a. Waste material storage (indoor). The plan shall include measures and controls to minimize/eliminate minimize or eliminate contact between residual liquids from waste materials stored indoors and surface runoff. The plan may refer to applicable portions of other existing plans such as SPCC plans required under 40 CFR Part 112 (2007). [ BMP Control measure ] options:

(1) Procedures for material handling (including labeling and marking);

(2) A sufficient supply of dry-absorbent materials or a wet vacuum system to collect spilled or leaked materials (note: spilled or leaking mercury should never be vacuumed);

(3) An appropriate containment structure, such as trenches, curbing, gutters or other equivalent measures;

(4) A drainage system, including appurtenances (e.g., pumps or ejectors, or manually operated valves), to handle discharges from diked or bermed areas. Drainage shall be discharged to an appropriate treatment facility, sanitary sewer system, or otherwise disposed of properly. Discharges from these areas may require coverage under a separate VPDES permit or industrial user permit under the pretreatment program.

b. Waste material storage (outdoor). The plan shall describe measures and controls to minimize contact between stored residual liquids and precipitation or runoff. The plan may refer to applicable portions of other existing plans such as SPCC plans required under 40 CFR Part 112 (2007). Discharges of precipitation from containment areas containing used oil shall also be in accordance with applicable sections of 40 CFR Part 112 (2007). [ BMP Control measure ] options:

(1) Appropriate containment structures (e.g., dikes, berms, curbing, pits) to store the volume of the largest single tank, with sufficient extra capacity for precipitation;

(2) Drainage control and other diversionary structures;

(3) For storage tanks, provide corrosion protection and/or or leak detection systems;

(4) Dry-absorbent materials or a wet vacuum system to collect spills.

c. Truck and rail car waste transfer areas. The plan shall describe measures and controls to minimize pollutants in discharges from truck and rail car loading/unloading loading and unloading areas. The plan shall also address measures to clean up minor spills/leaks spills and leaks resulting from the transfer of liquid wastes. [ BMP Control measure ] options:

(1) Containment and diversionary structures to minimize contact with precipitation or runoff;

(2) Use of dry cleanup methods, wet vacuuming, roof coverings, or runoff controls.

d. Inspections. Inspections shall be made monthly quarterly and shall also include all areas where waste is generated, received, stored, treated or disposed that are exposed to either precipitation or storm water runoff. The requirement for routine facility inspections is waived for facilities that have maintained an active VEEP E3/E4 status.

4. Recycling facilities (source separated materials). The following SWPPP special conditions have been established for facilities that receive only source-separated recyclable materials primarily from nonindustrial and residential sources.

a. Inbound recyclable material control. The plan shall include an inbound materials inspection program to minimize the likelihood of receiving nonrecyclable materials (e.g., hazardous materials) that may be a significant source of pollutants in surface runoff. [ BMP Control measure ] options:

(1) Provide information and education measures to inform suppliers of recyclable materials on the types of materials that are acceptable and those that are not acceptable;

(2) A description of training measures for drivers responsible for pickup of recyclable materials;

(3) Clearly mark public drop-off containers regarding which materials can be accepted;

(4) Rejecting nonrecyclable wastes or household hazardous wastes at the source;

(5) Establish procedures for the handling and disposal of nonrecyclable materials.

b. Outdoor storage. The plan shall include procedures to minimize the exposure of recyclable materials to surface runoff and precipitation. The plan shall include good housekeeping measures to prevent the accumulation of particulate matter and fluids, particularly in high traffic areas. [ BMP Control measure ] options:

(1) Provide totally-enclosed drop-off containers for the public;

(2) Install a sump/pump sump and pump with each containment pit, and treat or discharge collected fluids to a sanitary sewer system;

(3) Provide dikes and curbs for secondary containment (e.g., around bales of recyclable waste paper);

(4) Divert surface runoff away from outside material storage areas;

(5) Provide covers over containment bins, dumpsters, roll-off boxes;

(6) Store the equivalent one day's volume of recyclable materials indoors.

c. Indoor storage and material processing. The plan shall include measures to minimize the release of pollutants from indoor storage and processing areas. [ BMP Control measure ] options:

(1) Schedule routine good housekeeping measures for all storage and processing areas;

(2) Prohibit a practice of allowing tipping floor washwaters from draining to any portion of the storm sewer system; and

(3) Provide employee training on pollution prevention practices.

d. Vehicle and equipment maintenance. The plan shall also provide for [ BMPs control measures ] in those areas where vehicle and equipment maintenance is occurring outdoors. [ BMP Control measure ] options:

(1) Prohibit vehicle and equipment washwater from discharging to the storm sewer system;

(2) Minimize or eliminate outdoor maintenance areas, wherever possible;

(3) Establish spill prevention and clean-up procedures in fueling areas;

(4) Avoid topping off fuel tanks;

(5) Divert runoff from fueling areas;

(6) Store lubricants and hydraulic fluids indoors;

(7) Provide employee training on proper, handling, storage of hydraulic fluids and lubricants.

5. Facilities engaged in dismantling ships, marine salvaging, and marine wrecking—ships for scrap. The following SWPPP special conditions have been established for facilities that are engaged in dismantling ships, marine salvaging, and marine wrecking—ships for scrap.

Vessel Breaking/Scrapping Activities breaking and scrapping activities. Scrapping of vessels shall be accomplished ashore beyond the range of mean high tide, whenever practicable. If this activity must be conducted while a vessel is afloat or grounded in state waters, then the permittee shall employ [ BMPs control measures ] to reduce the amount of pollutants released. The following [ BMPs control measures ] shall be implemented during those periods when vessels (ships, barges, yachts, etc.) are brought to the facility's site for recycling, scrapping and storage prior to scrapping.

a. Fixed or floating platforms sufficiently sized and constructed to catch and prevent scrap materials and pollutants from entering state surface waters (or equivalent measures approved by the department) board) shall be used as work surfaces when working on or near the water surface. These platforms shall be cleaned as required to prevent pollutants from entering state surface waters and at the end of each work shift. All scrap metals and pollutants shall be collected in a manner to prevent releases (containerization is recommended).

b. There shall be no discharge of oil or oily wastewater at the facility. Drip pans and other protective devices shall be required for all oil and oily waste transfer operations to catch incidental spillage and drips from hose nozzles, hose racks, drums or barrels. Drip pans and other protective devices shall be inspected and maintained to prevent releases. Oil and oily waste shall be disposed at a permitted facility and adequate documentation of off-site disposition shall be retained for review by the board upon request.

c. During the storage/breaking/scrapping storage, breaking, and scrapping period, oil containment boom(s) shall be deployed either around the vessel being scrapped, or across the mouth of the facility's wetslip, to contain pollutants in the event of a spill. Booms shall be inspected, maintained, and repaired as needed. Oil, grease and fuel spills shall be prevented from reaching state surface waters. Cleanup shall be carried out promptly after an oil, grease, and/or or fuel spill is detected.

d. Paint and solvent spills shall be immediately cleaned up to prevent pollutants from reaching storm drains, deck drains, and state surface waters.

e. Contaminated bilge and ballast water shall not be discharged to state surface waters. If it becomes necessary to dispose of contaminated bilge and ballast waters during a vessel breaking activity, the wastewater shall be disposed at a permitted facility and adequate documentation of off-site disposition shall be retained for review by the board upon request.

D. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Scrap recycling and waste recycling facilities (nonsource-separated facilities only) (both source-separated and nonsource-separated facilities), and facilities engaged in dismantling ships, marine salvaging, and marine wrecking—ships for scrap are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 210.

Table 210. Sector N – Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Scrap Recycling and Waste Recycling Facilities (nonsource-separated facilities only) (SIC 5093)
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
Total Recoverable Aluminum	750 μg/L
Total Recoverable Cadmium	2.1 μg/L
Total Recoverable Chromium	16 μg/L
Total Recoverable Copper	18 μg/L
Total Recoverable Iron	1.0 mg/L
Total Recoverable Lead	120 μg/L
Total Recoverable Zinc	120 μg/L
Scrap Recycling and Waste Recycling Facilities (source-separated facilities) (SIC 5093)
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
Total Recoverable Aluminum1	750 μg/L
Total Recoverable Cadmium1	2.1 μg/L
Total Recoverable Chromium1	16 μg/L
Total Recoverable Copper1	18 μg/L
Total Recoverable Iron1	1.0 mg/L
Total Recoverable Lead1	120 μg/L
Total Recoverable Zinc1	120 μg/L
1Metals monitoring is only required at source-separated facilities [ if for the specific ] metals [ listed above that ] are received at the facility.
Facilities Engaged in Dismantling Ships, Marine Salvaging, and Marine Wrecking - Ships For for Scrap (SIC 4499, limited to list)
Total Recoverable Aluminum	750 μg/L
Total Recoverable Cadmium	2.1 μg/L
Total Recoverable Chromium	16 μg/L
Total Recoverable Copper	18 μg/L
Total Recoverable Iron	1.0 mg/L
Total Recoverable Lead	120 μg/L
Total Recoverable Zinc	120 μg/L
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L

9VAC25-151-220. Sector O - Steam electric generating facilities.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from steam electric power generating facilities using coal, natural gas, oil, nuclear energy, etc. to produce a steam source, including coal handling areas (Industrial Activity Code "SE").

Storm water discharges from coal pile runoff subject to numeric effluent limitations are eligible for coverage under this permit, but are subject to the limitations established by Part I A 1 c (2).

Storm water discharges from ancillary facilities (e.g., fleet centers, gas turbine stations, and substations) that are not contiguous to a steam electric power generating facility are not covered by this permit. Heat capture/heat recovery Heat capture and heat recovery combined cycle generation facilities are also not covered by this permit; however, dual fuel co-generation facilities that generate electric power are included.

B. Special conditions. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. In addition to the general nonstorm water prohibition in Part I B 1, nonstorm water discharges subject to effluent limitation guidelines are also not covered by this permit.

C. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the plan shall include, at a minimum, the following items.

1. Site description. Site map. The site map shall identify the locations of any of the following activities or sources that may be exposed to precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff: storage tanks, scrap yards, general refuse areas; short and long term storage of general materials (including, but not limited to: supplies, construction materials, paint equipment, oils, fuels, used and unused solvents, cleaning materials, paint, water treatment chemicals, fertilizer, and pesticides); landfills; construction sites; and stock pile areas (such as coal or limestone piles).

2. Storm water controls.

a. Good housekeeping measures.

(1) Fugitive dust emissions. The permittee shall describe and implement measures that prevent or minimize fugitive dust emissions from coal and ash handling areas. The permittee shall [ consider establishing procedures to ] minimize off-site tracking of coal dust and ash [ such as. Control measures to consider include ] installing specially designed tires, or washing vehicles in a designated area before they leave the site, and controlling the wash water.

(2) Delivery vehicles. The plan shall describe measures that prevent or minimize contamination of storm water runoff from delivery vehicles arriving on the plant site. At a minimum the permittee shall consider the following:

(a) Develop procedures for the inspection of delivery vehicles arriving on the plant site, and ensure overall integrity of the body or container; and

(b) Develop procedures to deal with leakage/spillage leakage and spillage from vehicles or containers.

(3) Fuel oil unloading areas. The plan shall describe measures that prevent or minimize contamination of precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff from fuel oil unloading areas. At a minimum the permittee shall consider using the following measures, or an equivalent:

(a) Use of containment curbs in unloading areas;

(b) During deliveries, having station personnel familiar with spill prevention and response procedures present to ensure that any leaks/spills leaks and spills are immediately contained and cleaned up; and

(c) Use of spill and overflow protection (e.g., drip pans, drip diapers, and/or or other containment devices placed beneath fuel oil connectors to contain potential spillage during deliveries or from leaks at the connectors).

(4) Chemical loading/unloading loading and unloading areas. The permittee shall describe and implement measures that prevent or minimize the contamination of precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff from chemical loading/unloading loading and unloading areas. At a minimum the permittee shall consider using the following measures (or their equivalents):

(a) Use of containment curbs at chemical loading/unloading loading and unloading areas to contain spills;

(b) During deliveries, having station personnel familiar with spill prevention and response procedures present to ensure that any leaks/spills leaks or spills are immediately contained and cleaned up; and

(c) Covering chemical loading/unloading loading and unloading areas, and storing chemicals indoors.

(5) Miscellaneous loading/unloading loading and unloading areas. The permittee shall describe and implement measures that prevent or minimize the contamination of storm water runoff from loading and unloading areas. The permittee shall consider the following, at a minimum (or their equivalents):

(a) Covering the loading area;

(b) Grading, berming, or curbing around the loading area to divert runon; or

(c) Locating the loading/unloading loading and unloading equipment and vehicles so that leaks are contained in existing containment and flow diversion systems.

(6) Liquid storage tanks. The permittee shall describe and implement measures that prevent or minimize contamination of storm water runoff from aboveground liquid storage tanks. At a minimum the permittee shall consider employing the following measures (or their equivalents):

(a) Use of protective guards around tanks;

(b) Use of containment curbs;

(c) Use of spill and overflow protection; and

(d) Use of dry cleanup methods.

(7) Large bulk fuel storage tanks. The permittee shall describe and implement measures that prevent or minimize contamination of storm water runoff from large bulk fuel storage tanks. At a minimum the permittee shall consider employing containment berms (or its equivalent). The permittee shall also comply with applicable state and federal laws, including Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures (SPCC).

(8) Spill reduction measures. The permittee shall describe and implement measures to reduce the potential for an oil/chemical oil or chemical spill, or reference the appropriate section of their SPCC plan. [ At a minimum the The ] structural integrity of all aboveground tanks, pipelines, pumps and other related equipment shall be visually inspected on a weekly basis [ regularly as part of the routine facility inspection ]. All repairs deemed necessary based on the findings of the inspections shall be completed immediately to reduce the incidence of spills and leaks occurring from such faulty equipment.

(9) Oil bearing equipment in switchyards. The permittee shall describe and implement measures to prevent or minimize contamination of surface runoff from oil bearing equipment in switchyard areas. The permittee shall consider the use of level grades and gravel surfaces to retard flows and limit the spread of spills, and the collection of storm water runoff in perimeter ditches.

(10) Residue hauling vehicles. All residue hauling vehicles shall be inspected for proper covering over the load, adequate gate sealing and overall integrity of the container body. Vehicles without load coverings or adequate gate sealing, or with leaking containers or beds shall be repaired as soon as practicable.

(11) Ash loading areas. The permittee shall describe and implement procedures to reduce or control the tracking of ash/residue ash and residue from ash loading areas where. Where practicable, clear the ash building floor and immediately adjacent roadways of spillage, debris and excess water before departure of each loaded vehicle.

(12) Areas adjacent to disposal ponds or landfills. The permittee shall describe and implement measures that prevent or minimize contamination of storm water runoff from areas adjacent to disposal ponds or landfills. The permittee shall develop procedures to:

(a) Reduce ash residue which may be tracked on to access roads traveled by residue trucks or residue handling vehicles; and

(b) Reduce ash residue on exit roads leading into and out of residue handling areas.

(13) Landfills, scrapyards, surface impoundments, open dumps, general refuse sites. The plan shall address and include appropriate [ BMPs control measures ] for to minimize the potential for contamination of runoff from landfills, scrapyards, surface impoundments, open dumps and general refuse sites.

(14) Vehicle maintenance activities. For vehicle maintenance activities performed on the plant site, the permittee shall use the applicable BMPs outlined in Sector P (9VAC25-151-230).

(15) Material storage areas. The permittee shall describe and implement measures that prevent or minimize contamination of storm water runoff from material storage areas (including areas used for temporary storage of miscellaneous products, and construction materials stored in lay-down areas). The permittee shall consider the use of the following measures (or their equivalents): flat yard grades; runoff collection in graded swales or ditches; erosion protection measures at steep outfall sites (e.g., concrete chutes, riprap, stilling basins); covering lay-down areas; storing materials indoors; and covering materials temporarily with polyethylene, polyurethane, polypropylene, or hypalon. Storm water runon may be minimized by constructing an enclosure or building a berm around the area.

b. Comprehensive site compliance evaluation. As part of the evaluation, qualified facility personnel shall inspect the following areas on a monthly basis: coal handling areas, loading/unloading loading and unloading areas, switchyards, fueling areas, bulk storage areas, ash handling areas, areas adjacent to disposal ponds and landfills, maintenance areas, liquid storage tanks, and long term and short term material storage areas.

D. Numeric effluent limitations. Permittees with point sources of coal pile runoff associated with steam electric power generation shall monitor these storm water discharges for the presence of TSS and for pH at least annually (one time per year) in accordance with PART Part I A 1 c (2).

E. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Steam electric power generating facilities are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 220.

Table 220. Sector O – Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Steam Electric Generating Facilities (Industrial Activity Code "SE")
Total Recoverable Iron	1.0 mg/L

9VAC25-151-230. Sector P - Land transportation and warehousing.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from ground transportation facilities and rail transportation facilities (generally identified by SIC Codes 40, 41, 42, 43, and 5171), that have vehicle and equipment maintenance shops (vehicle and equipment rehabilitation, mechanical repairs, painting, fueling and lubrication) and/or or equipment cleaning operations. Also covered under this section are facilities found under SIC Codes 4221 through 4225 (public warehousing and storage) that do not have vehicle and equipment maintenance shops and/or or equipment cleaning operations.

B. Special conditions. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. This permit does not authorize the discharge of vehicle/equipment/surface vehicle, equipment, or surface washwater, including tank-cleaning operations. Such discharges must be authorized under a separate VPDES permit, discharged to a sanitary sewer in accordance with applicable industrial pretreatment requirements, or recycled on-site.

C. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the SWPPP shall include, at a minimum, the following items.

1. Site description. Site Map map. The site map shall identify the locations of any of the following activities and indicate whether the activities may be exposed to precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff: fueling stations; vehicle/equipment vehicle and equipment maintenance or cleaning areas; storage areas for vehicle/equipment vehicle and equipment with actual or potential fluid leaks; loading/unloading loading and unloading areas; areas where treatment, storage or disposal of wastes occur; liquid storage tanks; processing areas; and storage areas.

2. Summary of potential pollutant sources. The plan shall describe and assess the potential for the following to contribute pollutants to storm water discharges: on-site waste storage or disposal; dirt/gravel dirt or gravel parking areas for vehicles awaiting maintenance; plumbing connections between shop floor drains and the stormwater conveyance system; and fueling areas.

3. Storm water controls.

a. Good housekeeping.

(1) Vehicle and equipment storage areas. The storage of vehicles and equipment awaiting maintenance with actual or potential fluid leaks shall be confined to designated areas (delineated on the site map). The permittee shall consider the following measures (or their equivalents): the use of drip pans under vehicles and equipment; indoor storage of vehicles and equipment; installation of berms or dikes; use of absorbents; roofing or covering storage areas; and cleaning pavement surface to remove oil and grease.

(2) Fueling areas. The permittee shall describe and implement measures that prevent or minimize contamination of the storm water runoff from fueling areas. The permittee shall consider the following measures (or their equivalents): covering the fueling area; using spill/overflow spill and overflow protection and cleanup equipment; minimizing storm water runon/runoff runon and runoff to the fueling area; using dry cleanup methods; and treating and/or or recycling collected storm water runoff.

(3) Material storage areas. Storage vessels of all materials (e.g., for used oil/oil oil or oil filters, spent solvents, paint wastes, hydraulic fluids) shall be maintained in good condition, so as to prevent contamination of storm water, and plainly labeled (e.g., "used oil," "spent solvents," etc.). The permittee shall consider the following measures (or their equivalents): indoor storage of the materials; installation of berms/dikes berms and dikes around the areas, minimizing runoff of storm water to the areas; using dry cleanup methods; and treating and/or or recycling the collected storm water runoff.

(4) Vehicle and equipment cleaning areas. The permittee shall describe and implement measures that prevent or minimize contamination of storm water runoff from all areas used for vehicle/equipment vehicle and equipment cleaning. The permittee shall consider the following measures (or their equivalents): performing all cleaning operations indoors; covering the cleaning operation; ensuring that all washwaters drain to a proper collection system (i.e., not the storm water drainage system unless VPDES permitted); and treating and/or or recycling the collected storm water runoff.

(5) Vehicle and equipment maintenance areas. The permittee shall describe and implement measures that prevent or minimize contamination of the storm water runoff from all areas used for vehicle/equipment vehicle and equipment maintenance. The permittee shall consider the following measures (or their equivalents): performing maintenance activities indoors; using drip pans; keeping an organized inventory of materials used in the shop; draining all parts of fluids prior to disposal; prohibiting wet clean up practices where the practices would result in the discharge of pollutants to storm water drainage systems; using dry cleanup methods; treating and/or or recycling collected storm water runoff; and minimizing runon/runoff runon and runoff of storm water to maintenance areas.

(6) Locomotive sanding (loading sand for traction) areas. The plan shall describe measures that prevent or minimize contamination of the storm water runoff from areas used for locomotive sanding. The permittee shall consider the following measures (or their equivalents): covering sanding areas; minimizing storm water runon/runoff runon and runoff; or appropriate sediment removal practices to minimize the off-site transport of sanding material by storm water.

b. Routine facility inspections. The following areas/activities areas and activities shall be included in all inspections: storage area for vehicles/equipment vehicles and equipment awaiting maintenance; fueling areas; indoor and outdoor vehicle/equipment vehicle and equipment maintenance areas; material storage areas; vehicle/equipment vehicle and equipment cleaning areas; and loading/unloading loading and unloading areas.

c. Employee training. Employee training shall take place, at a minimum, annually (once per calendar year). Employee training shall address the following as applicable: used oil and spent solvent management; fueling procedures; general good housekeeping practices; proper painting procedures; and used battery management.

D. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Land transportation and warehousing facilities are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 230.

Table 230. Sector P - Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Land Transportation and Warehousing Facilities (SIC 4011, 4013, 4111-4173, 4212-4231, 4311, and 5171)
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) *	15.0 mg/L
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
*Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons shall be analyzed using the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Modified Diesel Range Organics Method as specified in Wisconsin publication SW-141 (1995), or by EPA SW-846 Method 8015C for diesel range organics, or by EPA SW-846 Method 8270D. If Method 8270D is used, the lab must report the combination of diesel range organics and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (TPH) is the sum of individual gasoline range organics and diesel range organics (TPH-GRO and TPH-DRO) to be measured by EPA SW 846 Method 8015 for gasoline and diesel range organics, or by EPA SW 846 Methods 8260 Extended and 8270 Extended.

9VAC25-151-240. Sector Q - Water transportation.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from water transportation facilities (generally identified by SIC Major Group 44), that have vehicle (vessel) maintenance shops and/or or equipment cleaning operations. The water transportation industry includes facilities engaged in foreign or domestic transport of freight or passengers in deep sea or inland waters; marine cargo handling operations; ferry operations; towing and tugboat services; and marinas.

B. Special conditions. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. In addition to the general nonstorm water prohibition in Part I B 1, the following discharges are not covered by this permit: bilge and ballast water, sanitary wastes, pressure wash water, and cooling water originating from vessels.

C. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the SWPPP shall include, at a minimum, the following items.

1. Site description.

a. Site map. The site map shall identify the locations where any of the following activities may be exposed to precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff: fueling; engine maintenance/repair maintenance or repair; vessel maintenance/repair, maintenance or repair; pressure washing; painting; sanding; blasting; welding; metal fabrication; loading/unloading loading and unloading areas; locations used for the treatment, storage or disposal of wastes; liquid storage tanks; liquid storage areas (e.g., paint, solvents, resins); and material storage areas (e.g., blasting media, aluminum, steel, scrap iron).

b. Summary of potential pollutant sources. The plan shall describe the following additional sources and activities that have potential pollutants associated with them: outdoor manufacturing or processing activities (i.e., welding, metal fabricating); and significant dust or particulate generating processes (e.g., abrasive blasting, sanding, painting).

2. Storm water controls.

a. Good housekeeping.

(1) Pressure washing area. If pressure washing is used to remove marine growth from vessels, the discharge water must be permitted by a separate VPDES permit. The SWPPP shall describe: the measures to collect or contain the discharge from the pressure washing area; the method for the removal of the visible solids; the methods of disposal of the collected solids; and where the discharge will be released. As defined by this permit, process wastewater related to hull work at water transportation facilities shall be any water used on a vessel's hull for any purpose, regardless of application pressure, including but not limited to the activities of removing marine salts, sediments, marine growth and paint, or other hull, weather deck, or superstructure cleaning activities using water, such as preparing those areas for inspection or work (cutting, welding, grinding, coating, etc.). The discharge water shall be permitted as a process wastewater by a separate VPDES permit.

(2) Blasting and painting areas. The permittee shall describe and implement measures to prevent spent abrasives, paint chips, and overspray from discharging into the receiving water or the storm sewer system. The permittee may consider containing all blasting/painting blasting or painting activities, or the use of other measures to prevent or minimize the discharge of contaminants (e.g., hanging plastic barriers or tarpaulins during blasting or painting operations to contain debris). Storm water conveyances shall be regularly cleaned to remove deposits of abrasive blasting debris and paint chips. The plan shall include any standard operating practices with regard to blasting and painting activities, such as the prohibition of uncontained blasting/painting blasting or painting over open water, or the prohibition of blasting/painting blasting or painting during windy conditions which can render containment ineffective.

(3) Material storage areas. All containerized materials (e.g., fuels, paints, solvents, waste oil, antifreeze, batteries) shall be plainly labeled and stored in a protected, secure location away from drains. The permittee shall describe and implement measures to prevent or minimize the contamination of precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff from the storage areas. The plan shall specify which materials are stored indoors and consider containment or enclosure for materials that are stored outdoors. The permittee shall consider implementing an inventory control plan to limit the presence of potentially hazardous materials on-site. Where abrasive blasting is performed, the plan shall specifically include a discussion on the storage and disposal of spent abrasive materials generated at the facility.

(4) Engine maintenance and repair areas. The permittee shall describe and implement measures to prevent or minimize contamination of precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff from all areas used for engine maintenance and repair. The permittee shall consider the following measures (or their equivalent): performing all maintenance activities indoors; maintaining an organized inventory of materials used in the shop; draining all parts of fluids prior to disposal; prohibiting the practice of hosing down the shop floor using dry cleanup methods; and treating and/or or recycling storm water runoff collected from the maintenance area.

(5) Material handling areas. The permittee shall describe and implement measures to prevent or minimize contamination of precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff from material handling operations and areas (e.g., fueling, paint and solvent mixing, disposal of process wastewater streams from vessels). The permittee shall consider the following measures (or their equivalents): covering fueling areas; using spill/overflow spill and overflow protection; mixing paints and solvents in a designated area (preferably indoors or under a shed); and minimizing runon of storm water to material handling areas.

(6) Drydock activities. The plan shall address the routine maintenance and cleaning of the drydock to minimize the potential for pollutants in the storm water runoff. The plan shall describe the procedures for cleaning the accessible areas of the drydock prior to flooding and final cleanup after the vessel is removed and the dock is raised. Cleanup procedures for oil, grease, or fuel spills occurring on the drydock shall also be included within the plan. The permittee shall consider the following measures (or their equivalents): sweeping rather than hosing off debris/spent debris and spent blasting material from the accessible areas of the drydock prior to flooding; and having absorbent materials and oil containment booms readily available to contain/cleanup contain or cleanup any spills.

(7) General yard area. The plan shall include a schedule for routine yard maintenance and cleanup. Scrap metal, wood, plastic, miscellaneous trash, paper, glass, industrial scrap, insulation, welding rods, packaging, etc., shall be routinely removed from the general yard area.

b. Preventative Maintenance. As part of the facility's preventive maintenance program, storm water management devices shall be inspected and maintained in a timely manner (e.g., oil/water separators and sediment traps cleaned to ensure that spent abrasives, paint chips and solids are intercepted and retained prior to entering the storm drainage system). Facility equipment and systems shall also be inspected and tested to uncover conditions that could cause breakdowns or failures resulting in discharges of pollutants to surface waters.

c. Routine facility inspections. The following areas shall be included in all monthly quarterly inspections: pressure washing area; blasting, sanding, and painting areas; material storage areas; engine maintenance and repair areas; material handling areas; drydock area; and general yard area. The requirement for routine facility inspections is waived for facilities that have maintained an active VEEP E3/E4 status.

d. Employee training. Training shall address, at a minimum, the following activities (as applicable): used oil management; spent solvent management; disposal of spent abrasives; disposal of vessel wastewaters; spill prevention and control; fueling procedures; general good housekeeping practices; painting and blasting procedures; and used battery management.

e. Comprehensive site compliance evaluation. The permittee shall conduct regularly scheduled evaluations at least once a year and address those areas contributing to a storm water discharge associated with industrial activity (e.g., pressure washing area, blasting/sanding areas, painting areas, material storage areas, engine maintenance/repair areas, material handling areas, and drydock area). These sources shall be inspected for evidence of, or the potential for, pollutants entering the drainage system.

D. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Water transportation facilities are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 240.

Table 240. Sector Q – Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Water Transportation Facilities (SIC 4412-4499)
Total Recoverable Aluminum	750 μg/L
Total Recoverable Iron	1.0 mg/L
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
Total Recoverable Copper	18 μg/L
Total Recoverable Zinc	120 μg/L

9VAC25-151-250. Sector R - Ship and boat building or repair yards.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from facilities engaged in ship building and repairing and boat building and repairing (SIC Code 373). (According to the U.S. Coast Guard, a vessel 65 feet or greater in length is referred to as a ship and a vessel smaller than 65 feet is a boat.)

B. Special conditions. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. In addition to the general nonstorm water prohibition in Part I B 1, the following discharges are not covered by this permit: bilge and ballast water, pressure wash water, sanitary wastes, and cooling water originating from vessels.

C. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the SWPPP shall include, at a minimum, the following items.

1. Site description.

a. Site map. The site map shall identify the locations where any of the following activities may be exposed to precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff: fueling; engine maintenance/repair maintenance or repair; vessel maintenance/repair maintenance or repair; pressure washing; painting; sanding; blasting; welding; metal fabrication; loading/unloading loading and unloading areas; locations used for the treatment, storage or disposal of wastes; liquid storage tanks; liquid storage areas (e.g., paint, solvents, resins); and material storage areas (e.g., blasting media, aluminum, steel, scrap iron).

b. Potential pollutant sources. The plan shall include a description of the following additional sources and activities that have potential pollutants associated with them (if applicable): outdoor manufacturing/processing manufacturing and processing activities (e.g., welding, metal fabricating); and significant dust/particulate dust and particulate generating processes (e.g., abrasive blasting, sanding, painting).

2. Storm water controls.

a. Good housekeeping measures.

(1) Pressure washing area. If pressure washing is used to remove marine growth from vessels, the discharge water must be permitted as a process wastewater by a separate VPDES permit. As defined by this permit, process wastewater related to hull work at ship and boat building or repair yard facilities shall be any water used on a vessel's hull for any purpose, regardless of application pressure, including but not limited to the activities of removing marine salts, sediments, marine growth and paint, or other hull, weather deck, or superstructure cleaning activities using water, such as preparing those areas for inspection or work (cutting, welding, grinding, coating, etc.). The discharge water shall be permitted as a process wastewater by a separate VPDES permit.

(2) Blasting and painting areas. The permittee shall describe and implement measures to prevent spent abrasives, paint chips and overspray from discharging into the receiving waterbody or the storm sewer system. To prevent the discharge of contaminants, the permittee shall consider containing all blasting/painting blasting and painting activities or using other methods, such as hanging plastic barriers or tarpaulins during blasting or painting operations to contain debris. The plan shall include a schedule for regularly cleaning storm systems to remove deposits of abrasive blasting debris and paint chips. The plan shall include any standard operating practices with regard to blasting and painting activities, such as the prohibition of uncontained blasting/painting blasting or painting over open water or the prohibition of blasting/painting blasting or painting during windy conditions that can render containment ineffective.

(3) Material storage areas. All containerized materials (fuels, paints, solvents, waste oil, antifreeze, batteries) shall be plainly labeled and stored in a protected, secure location away from drains. The permittee shall describe and implement measures to prevent or minimize contamination of precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff from the storage areas. [ The plan shall specify which materials are stored indoors and consider containment or enclosure for materials that are stored outdoors. ] The permittee shall consider implementing an inventory control plan to limit the presence of potentially hazardous materials on-site. Where abrasive blasting is performed, the plan shall specifically include a discussion on the storage and disposal of spent abrasive materials generated at the facility.

(4) Engine maintenance and repair areas. The permittee shall describe and implement measures to prevent or minimize contamination of precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff from all areas used for engine maintenance and repair. The permittee shall consider the following measures (or their equivalent): performing all maintenance activities indoors; maintaining an organized inventory of materials used in the shop; draining all parts of fluids prior to disposal; prohibiting the practice of hosing down the shop floor; using dry cleanup methods; and treating and/or or recycling storm water runoff collected from the maintenance area.

(5) Material handling areas. The permittee shall describe and implement measures to prevent or minimize contamination of precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff from material handling operations and areas (e.g., fueling, paint and solvent mixing, disposal of process wastewater streams from vessels). The permittee shall consider the following methods (or their equivalents): covering fueling areas; using spill/overflow spill and overflow protection; mixing paints and solvents in a designated area (preferably indoors or under a shed); and minimizing runon of storm water to material handling areas.

(6) Drydock activities. The plan shall address the routine maintenance and cleaning of the drydock to minimize the potential for pollutants in the storm water runoff. The plan shall describe the procedures for cleaning the accessible areas of the drydock prior to flooding and final cleanup after the vessel is removed and the dock is raised. Cleanup procedures for oil, grease, or fuel spills occurring on the drydock shall also be included within the plan. The permittee shall consider the following measures (or their equivalents): sweeping rather than hosing off debris/spent debris and spent blasting material from the accessible areas of the drydock prior to flooding and having absorbent materials and oil containment booms readily available to contain/cleanup contain or cleanup any spills.

(7) General yard area. The plan shall include a schedule for routine yard maintenance and cleanup. Scrap metal, wood, plastic, miscellaneous trash, paper, glass, industrial scrap, insulation, welding rods, packaging, etc., shall be routinely removed from the general yard area.

b. Preventative maintenance. As part of the facility's preventive maintenance program, storm water management devices shall be inspected and maintained in a timely manner (e.g., oil/water separators and sediment traps cleaned to ensure that spent abrasives, paint chips and solids are intercepted and retained prior to entering the storm drainage system). Facility equipment and systems shall also be inspected and tested to uncover conditions that could cause breakdowns or failures resulting in discharges of pollutants to surface waters.

c. Routine facility inspections. The following areas shall be included in all monthly quarterly routine [ facility ] inspections: pressure washing area; blasting, sanding, and painting areas; material storage areas; engine maintenance/repair maintenance or repair areas; material handling areas; drydock area; and general yard area. The requirement for routine facility inspections is waived for facilities that have maintained an active VEEP E3/E4 status.

d. Employee training. Training shall address, at a minimum, the following activities (as applicable): used oil management; spent solvent management; proper disposal of spent abrasives; proper disposal of vessel wastewaters, spill prevention and control; fueling procedures; general good housekeeping practices; painting and blasting procedures; and used battery management.

e. Comprehensive site compliance evaluation. The permittee shall conduct regularly scheduled evaluations at least once a year and address those areas contributing to a storm water discharge associated with industrial activity (e.g., pressure washing area, blasting/sanding areas, painting areas, material storage areas, engine maintenance/repair areas, material handling areas, and drydock area). These areas shall be inspected for evidence of, or the potential for, pollutants entering the drainage system.

D. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Ship and boat building or repairing yards are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 250.

Table 250. Sector R - Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Ship and Boat Building or Repairing Yards (SIC 3731, 3732)
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
Total Recoverable Copper	18 μg/L
Total Recoverable Zinc	120 μg/L

9VAC25-151-260. Sector S - Air transportation.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from air transportation facilities including airports, airport terminal services, air transportation (scheduled and nonscheduled), flying fields, air courier services, and establishments engaged in operating and maintaining airports, and servicing, repairing or maintaining aircraft (generally classified under SIC Code 45), which have vehicle maintenance shops, material handling facilities, equipment cleaning operations, or airport and/or or aircraft deicing/anti-icing deicing or anti-icing operations. For the purpose of this section, the term "deicing" is defined as the process to remove frost, snow, or ice and "anti-icing" is the process which prevents the accumulation of frost, snow, or ice. Only those portions of the facility that are either involved in vehicle maintenance (including vehicle rehabilitation, mechanical repairs, painting, fueling, and lubrication), equipment cleaning operations, or deicing/anti-icing deicing or anti-icing operations are addressed under this section.

B. Special definitions. The following definitions are only for this section of the general permit:

"Aircraft deicing fluid" or "ADF" means a fluid (other than hot water) applied to aircraft to remove or prevent any accumulation of snow or ice on the aircraft. This includes deicing and anti-icing fluids.

"Airfield pavement" means all paved surfaces on the airside of an airport.

"Airside" means the part of an airport directly involved in the arrival and departure of aircraft, including runways, taxiways, aprons, and ramps.

"Annual non-propeller aircraft departures" means the average number of commercial turbine-engine aircraft that are propelled by jet (i.e., turbojet or turbofan) that take off from an airport on an annual basis, as tabulated by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).

"Available ADF" means 75% of the normalized Type I aircraft deicing fluid and 10% of the normalized Type IV aircraft deicing fluid, excluding aircraft deicing fluids used for defrosting or deicing for safe taxiing.

"Collection requirement" means, for new sources, the requirement for permittee to collect available ADF.

"Defrosting" means the removal of frost contamination from an aircraft when there has been no active precipitation.

"Deicing" mean procedures and practices to remove or prevent any accumulation of snow or ice on:

[ (1) 1. ] An aircraft; or

[ (2) 2. ] Airfield pavement.

"Normalized Type I or Type IV aircraft deicing fluid" means ADF less any water added by the manufacturer or customer before ADF application.

"Primary airport" means an airport defined at 49 USC § 47102 (15).

C. Special conditions. 1. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. In addition to the general nonstorm water prohibition in Part I B 1, the following discharges are not covered by this permit: aircraft, ground vehicle, runway and equipment washwaters, and dry weather discharges of deicing/anti-icing deicing or anti-icing chemicals. These discharges must be covered by a separate VPDES permit. Note: Discharge resulting from snowmelt is not a dry weather discharge.

2. Releases of reportable quantities of hazardous substances and oil. Each individual permittee is required to report spills as described at Part I B 3. If an airport authority is the sole permittee, then the sum total of all spills at the airport shall be assessed against the reportable quantity. If the airport authority is a copermittee with other deicing/anti-icing operators at the airport, such as numerous different airlines, the assessed amount shall be the summation of spills by each copermittee. If separate, distinct individual permittees exist at the airport, then the amount spilled by each separate permittee shall be the assessed amount for the reportable quantity determination.

C. D. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. SWPPPs developed for areas of the facility occupied by tenants of the airport shall be integrated with the plan for the entire airport. For the purposes of this permit, tenants of the airport facility include .airline passenger or cargo companies, fixed based operators and other parties who have contracts with the airport authority to conduct business operations on airport property and whose operations result in storm water discharges associated with industrial activity. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the SWPPP shall include, at a minimum, the following items.

1. Site description.

a. Site map. The site map shall identify the location of the following activities and indicate any of the activities that may be exposed to precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff: aircraft and runway deicing/anti-icing deicing or anti-icing operations; fueling stations; aircraft, ground vehicle and equipment maintenance/cleaning maintenance and cleaning areas; and storage areas for aircraft, ground vehicles and equipment awaiting maintenance.

b. Summary of potential pollutant sources. The plan shall include a narrative description of the potential pollutant sources from the following activities: aircraft, runway, ground vehicle and equipment maintenance and cleaning; aircraft and runway deicing/anti-icing deicing or anti-icing operations (including apron and centralized aircraft deicing/anti-icing deicing or anti-icing stations, runways, taxiways, and ramps). Facilities which conduct deicing/anti-icing deicing or anti-icing operations shall maintain a record of the types (including the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)) safety data sheets (SDS)) and monthly quantities of deicing/anti-icing deicing or anti-icing chemicals used, either as measured amounts, or in the absence of metering, as estimated amounts. This includes all deicing/anti-icing deicing or anti-icing chemicals, not just glycols and urea (e.g., potassium acetate). Tenants and fixed-base operators who conduct deicing/anti-icing deicing or anti-icing operations shall provide the above information to the airport authority for inclusion in the storm water pollution prevention plan for the entire facility.

c. Deicing season. The SWPPP shall define the average seasonal timeframe (e.g., December-February, October-March, etc.) during which deicing activities typically occur at the facility. Implementation of [ control measures, including any ] BMPs, facility inspections, and effluent limitation monitoring shall be conducted with particular emphasis throughout the defined deicing season.

2. Storm water controls.

a. Good housekeeping.

(1) Aircraft, ground vehicle and equipment maintenance areas. The permittee shall describe and implement measures that prevent or minimize the contamination of storm water runoff from all areas used for aircraft, ground vehicle and equipment maintenance (including the maintenance conducted on the terminal apron and in dedicated hangars). [ The following practices Appropriate control measures ] (or their equivalents) shall be [ considered implemented, such as the following practices ]: performing maintenance activities indoors; maintaining an organized inventory of materials used in the maintenance areas; draining all parts of fluids prior to disposal; preventing the practice of hosing down the apron or hangar floor; using dry cleanup methods; and collecting the storm water runoff from the maintenance area and providing treatment or recycling.

(2) Aircraft, ground vehicle and equipment cleaning areas. Permittees shall ensure that cleaning of equipment is conducted in designated areas only and clearly identify these areas on the ground and delineate them on the site map. The permittee shall describe and implement measures that prevent or minimize the contamination of the storm water runoff from cleaning areas.

(3) Aircraft, ground vehicle and equipment storage areas. The storage of aircraft, ground vehicles and equipment awaiting maintenance shall be confined to designated areas (delineated on the site map). [ The following Appropriate control measures, including any ] BMPs (or their equivalents) shall be [ considered implemented, such as the following practices ]: indoor storage of aircraft and ground vehicles; the use of drip pans for the collection of fluid leaks; and perimeter drains, dikes or berms surrounding storage areas.

(4) Material storage areas. Storage vessels of all materials (e.g., used oils, hydraulic fluids, spent solvents, and waste aircraft fuel) shall be maintained in good condition, so as to prevent or minimize contamination of storm water, and plainly labeled (e.g., "used oil," "Contaminated Jet A," etc.). The permittee shall describe and implement measures that prevent or minimize contamination of precipitation/runoff precipitation or runoff from storage areas. [ The following BMPs or Appropriate control measures (or ] their equivalents [ ) ] shall be [ considered implemented, such as the following practices ]: indoor storage of materials; centralized storage areas for waste materials; and installation of berms/dikes berms and dikes around storage areas.

(5) Airport fuel system and fueling areas. The permittee shall describe and implement measures that prevent or minimize the discharge of fuels to the storm sewer/surface sewer or surface waters resulting from fuel servicing activities or other operations conducted in support of the airport fuel system. [ The following BMPs Appropriate control measures ] (or their equivalents) shall be [ considered implemented, such as the following practices ]: implementing spill and overflow practices (e.g., placing absorptive materials beneath aircraft during fueling operations); using dry cleanup methods; and collecting the storm water runoff.

b. Source reduction. [ Owners who conduct deicing/anti-icing deicing or anti-icing operations The permittee ] shall [ consider alternatives to minimize, and where practicable eliminate, ] the use of urea and glycol-based deicing/anti-icing deicing or anti-icing chemicals [ in order ] to reduce the aggregate amount of deicing/anti-icing deicing or anti-icing chemicals used and/or and lessen the environmental impact. Chemical options to replace ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and urea include: potassium acetate; magnesium acetate; calcium acetate; anhydrous sodium acetate.

(1) Runway deicing operations. [ Owners The permittee shall minimize contamination of stormwater runoff from runways as a result of deicing operations. The permittee ] shall evaluate present application rates to ensure against excessive over application by analyzing application rates and adjusting as necessary, consistent with considerations of flight safety. [ Also the following BMP options Appropriate control measures, (or their equivalents) ] shall be [ considered (or their equivalents) implemented, such as the following practices ]: metered application of chemicals; prewetting dry chemical constituents prior to application; installation of runway ice detection systems; implementing anti-icing operations as a preventive measure against ice buildup.

(2) Aircraft deicing/anti-icing deicing operations. [ Owners The permittee shall minimize contamination of stormwater runoff from aircraft deicing operations. The permittee ] shall determine whether excessive application of deicing/anti-icing deicing chemicals occurs, and adjust as necessary, consistent with considerations of flight safety. This evaluation shall be carried out by the personnel most familiar with the particular aircraft and flight operations in question (versus an outside entity such as the airport authority). The use of alternative deicing/anti-icing deicing or anti-icing agents as well as containment measures for all applied chemicals shall be considered. [ Also, the following BMP options Appropriate control measures ] (or their equivalents) shall be [ considered implemented ] for reducing deicing fluid use [ , such as the following practices ]: forced-air deicing systems; computer-controlled fixed-gantry systems; infrared technology; hot water; varying glycol content to air temperature; enclosed-basket deicing trucks; mechanical methods; solar radiation; hangar storage; aircraft covers; and thermal blankets for MD-80s and DC-9s. The use of ice-detection systems and airport traffic flow strategies and departure slot allocation systems shall also be considered [ where practicable ].

c. Management of runoff. Where deicing/anti-icing deicing operations occur, [ owners shall describe and the permittee shall ] implement a program to control or manage contaminated runoff to [ reduce minimize ] the amount of pollutants being discharged from the site. The plan shall describe the controls used for collecting or containing contaminated melt water from collection areas used for disposal of contaminated snow. The following [ BMPs control measure options ] (or their equivalents) shall be considered: establishing a dedicated deicing facility with a runoff collection/recovery collection and recovery system; using vacuum/collection vacuum or collection trucks; storing contaminated storm water/deicing water or deicing fluids in tanks and releasing controlled amounts to a publicly owned treatment works; collecting contaminated runoff in a wet pond for biochemical decomposition (be aware of attracting wildlife that may prove hazardous to flight operations); and directing runoff into vegetative swales or other infiltration measures. The plan shall consider the recovery of deicing/anti-icing deicing and anti-icing materials when these materials are applied during nonprecipitation events (e.g., covering storm sewer inlets, using booms, installing absorptive interceptors in the drains, etc.) to prevent these materials from later becoming a source of storm water contamination. Used deicing fluid shall be recycled whenever possible.

d. Routine facility inspections. The inspection frequency shall be specified in the plan. At a minimum, inspections shall be conducted once per month during deicing/anti-icing deicing and anti-icing season (e.g., October through April for most airports). If deicing occurs before or after this period, the inspections shall be expanded to include all months during which deicing chemicals may be used. Also, if significantly or deleteriously large quantities of deicing chemicals are being spilled or discharged, or if water quality impacts have been reported, the inspection frequency shall be increased to weekly until such time as the chemical spills/discharges or impacts are reduced to acceptable levels. The director may specifically require increased inspections and the SWPPP to be reevaluated as necessary.

[ e. Comprehensive site compliance evaluation. The annual site compliance evaluations shall be conducted by qualified facility personnel during periods of actual deicing operations, if possible. If not practicable during active deicing or if the weather is too inclement, the evaluations shall be conducted when deicing operations are likely to occur and the materials and equipment for deicing are in place. ]

D. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Airports that use more than 100,000 gallons of glycol-based deicing/anti-icing chemicals and/or 100 tons or more of urea on an average annual basis shall sample their storm water discharges for the parameters listed in Table 260. Only those outfalls from the airport facility that collect runoff from areas where deicing/anti-icing activities occur shall be monitored.

Table 260. Sector S – Benchmark Monitoring Requirements.
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Facilities at airports that use more than 100,000 gallons of glycol-based deicing/anti-icing chemicals and/or 100 tons or more of urea on an average annual basis: monitor ONLY those outfalls from the airport facility that collect runoff from areas where deicing/anti-icing activities occur (SIC 45).
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5)	30 mg/L
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)	120 mg/L
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN)	1.5 mg/L
pH	within the range 6.0 to 9 s.u.
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L

E. Numeric effluent limitations. The average deicing season identified in the SWPPP is the time frame during which any effluent limitation monitoring samples shall be obtained.

1. Airfield pavement deicing. Existing [ primary airports ] and [ new primary airports meeting the definition of a new source (new ] primary airports [ ) ] with at least 1,000 annual jet departures (non-propeller aircraft) that [ have discharges discharge wastewater ] associated with airport pavement deicing comingled with storm water shall either use [ airfield ] deicing products that do not contain urea or alternatively, airfield pavement discharges at every discharge point shall achieve the numeric limitations for ammonia in Table 260-1, prior to any dilution or commingling with any non-deicing discharge. [ Primary airports that only use deicing products that do not contain urea shall certify this fact annually to the board. The certification shall be signed in accordance with Part II K, and a copy of the certification shall be kept with the SWPPP. ]

Table 260-1 Sector S – Numeric Effluent Limitations, Existing and New Primary Airports
Airfield Pavement Deicing
Parameter	Effluent Limitations - Daily Maximum
Ammonia as Nitrogen	14.7 mg/L

2. Aircraft deicing. Airports [ in cold climate zones ] meeting the definition of a new source (new airports) with 10,000 annual departures, [ and located in cold climate zones, ] shall collect at least 60% of available ADF after deicing. New airports shall achieve the performance standards in Table 260-2 for available ADF collected. The limitation shall be met at the location where the effluent leaves the on-site treatment system utilized for meeting these requirements and before commingling with any non-deicing discharge.

Table 260-2 Sector S – Numeric Effluent Limitations, New Primary Airports
Aircraft Deicing
Parameter	Effluent Limitations
	Daily Maximum	Weekly Average
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)	271 mg/L	154 mg/L

3. Monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements. [ New airports subject to the effluent limitations in subdivision 2 of this subsection shall comply with the monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements outlined in 40 CFR 449.20(a)(1) and 40 CFR449.20 (a) (2).

a. Demonstrating compliance with the ADF collection requirement for dischargers subject to the requirements in subdivision 2 of this subsection.

(1) The permittee shall maintain records with the SWPPP to demonstrate that the airport is operating and maintaining one or more centralized deicing pads and shall certify this annually to the board. The certification shall be signed in accordance with Part II K, and a copy of the certification shall be kept with the SWPPP.

The centralized deicing pad technology shall be operated and maintained according to the technical specifications set forth in subdivisions 3 a (1) (a) through (d) of this subsection. The demonstration and valid certification are sufficient to meet the applicable collection requirement without the permittee having to determine the numeric percentage of available ADF collected.

(a) Each centralized deicing pad shall be sized and sited in accordance with all applicable Federal Aviation Administration advisory circulars.

(b) Drainage valves associated with the centralized deicing pad shall be activated before deicing activities commence to collect available ADF.

(c) The centralized deicing pad and associated collection equipment shall be installed and maintained per any applicable manufacturers' instructions and shall be inspected, at a minimum, at the beginning of each deicing season to ensure that the pad and associated equipment are in working condition.

(d) All aircraft deicing shall take place on a centralized deicing pad, with the exception of defrosting and deicing for safe taxiing.

(2) The permittee shall maintain records with the SWPPP on the volume of ADF sprayed and the amount of available ADF collected in order to determine compliance with the collection requirement and shall report this information annually to the department.

b. Monitoring requirements.

(1) COD limitation. Permittees subject to the ADF collection and discharge requirements specified in subdivision 2 of this subsection shall conduct effluent monitoring to demonstrate compliance with the COD limitation for all ADF that is collected.

Compliance shall be demonstrated at the location where the effluent leaves the on-site treatment system utilized for meeting these requirements and before commingling with any non-deicing discharge. Effluent samples shall be collected following the grab sample protocol in 40 CFR 449, Appendix A.

(2) Ammonia limitation. If a permittee chooses to comply with the compliance alternative specified in subdivision 1 of this subsection, the permittee shall conduct effluent monitoring at all locations where pavement deicing with a product that contains urea is occurring, prior to any dilution or commingling with any non-deicing discharge.

c. Recordkeeping.

(1) The permittee shall maintain records with the SWPPP documenting compliance with subdivisions 3 a and 3 b of this subsection. These records include, but are not limited to, documentation of wastewater samples collected and analyzed, certifications, and equipment maintenance schedules and agreements.

(2) The permittee shall collect and maintain data with the SWPPP on the annual volume of ADF used. ]

F. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Storm water discharges from those portions of air transportation facilities where vehicle maintenance (including vehicle rehabilitation, mechanical repairs, painting, fueling, and lubrication) [ , ] and equipment cleaning is performed shall be sampled for the parameters listed in Table 260-3. Note: The benchmark monitoring requirements apply year round and are not limited to the deicing season.

Table 260-3 Sector S – Benchmark Monitoring Requirements
Pollutants of Concern	Benchmark Concentration
Air Transportation Facilities (SIC 45).
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	100 mg/L
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH)*	15.0 mg/L
*Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) is the sum of individual gasoline range organics and diesel range organics (TPH-GRO and TPH-DRO) to be measured by EPA SW 846 Method 8015 for gasoline and diesel range organics, or by EPA SW 846 Methods 8260 Extended and 8270 Extended.

9VAC25-151-270. Sector T - Treatment works.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from treatment works treating domestic sewage or any other sewage sludge or wastewater treatment device or system, used in the storage, treatment, recycling, and reclamation of municipal or domestic sewage, including lands dedicated to the disposal of sewage sludge that are located within the confines of the facility with a design flow of 1.0 MGD or more, or required to have an approved pretreatment program under 9VAC25-31-730 (Industrial Activity Code "TW"). Farm lands, domestic gardens or lands used for sludge management where sludge is beneficially reused and that are not physically located within the facility, or areas that are in compliance with § 405 of the CWA are not required to have permit coverage.

B. Special conditions. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. In addition to the general nonstorm water prohibition in Part I B 1, the following discharges are not covered by this permit: sanitary and industrial wastewater; and equipment/vehicle equipment and vehicle washwaters.

C. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the SWPPP shall include, at a minimum, the following items.

1. Site description.

a. Site map. The site map shall identify where any of the following may be exposed to precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff: grit, screenings, and other solids handling, storage, or disposal areas; sludge drying beds; dried sludge piles; compost piles; septage or hauled waste receiving station; and storage areas for process chemicals, petroleum products, solvents, fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides.

b. Summary of potential pollutant sources. The plan shall include a description of the potential pollutant sources from the following activities, as applicable: grit, screenings, and other solids handling, storage, or disposal areas; sludge drying beds; dried sludge piles; compost piles; septage or hauled waste receiving station; and access roads/rail roads and rail lines.

2. Storm water controls.

a. Best Management Practices (BMPs) Control measures. In addition to the other BMPs control measures [ considered required by Part III B 4 ], the following BMPs measures shall be considered: routing storm water to the treatment works; or covering exposed materials (i.e., from the following areas: grit, screenings, and other solids handling, storage, or disposal areas; sludge drying beds; dried sludge piles; compost piles; septage or hauled waste receiving station).

b. Inspections. The following areas shall be included in all inspections: access roads/rail roads and rail lines, grit, screenings, and other solids handling, storage, or disposal areas; sludge drying beds; dried sludge piles; compost piles; septage or hauled waste receiving station areas.

c. Employee training. Employee training shall, at a minimum, address the following areas when applicable to a facility: petroleum product management; process chemical management; spill prevention and control; fueling procedures; general good housekeeping practices; proper procedures for using fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides.

9VAC25-151-280. Sector U - Food and kindred products.

A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to storm water discharges associated with industrial activity from food and kindred products processing facilities (commonly identified by SIC Code 20), including: meat products; dairy products; canned, frozen and preserved fruits, vegetables, and food specialties; grain mill products; bakery products; sugar and confectionery products; fats and oils; beverages; and miscellaneous food preparations and kindred products and tobacco products manufacturing (SIC Code 21).

B. Special conditions. Prohibition of nonstorm water discharges. In addition to the general nonstorm water prohibition in Part I B 1, the following discharges are not covered by this permit: boiler blowdown, cooling tower overflow and blowdown, ammonia refrigeration purging, and vehicle washing/clean-out washing and clean-out operations.

C. Storm water pollution prevention plan requirements. In addition to the requirements of Part III, the SWPPP shall include, at a minimum, the following items.

1. Site description.

a. Site map. The site map shall identify the locations of the following activities if they are exposed to precipitation/surface precipitation or surface runoff: vents/stacks vents and stacks from cooking, drying, and similar operations; dry product vacuum transfer lines; animal holding pens; spoiled product; and broken product container storage areas.

b. Summary of potential pollutant sources. In addition to food and kindred products processing-related industrial activities, the plan shall also describe application and storage of pest control chemicals (e.g., rodenticides, insecticides, fungicides, etc.) used on plant grounds.

2. Storm water controls.

a. Routine facility inspections. At a minimum, the following areas, where the potential for exposure to storm water exists, shall be inspected on a monthly quarterly basis: loading and unloading areas for all significant materials; storage areas, including associated containment areas; waste management units; vents and stacks emanating from industrial activities; spoiled product and broken product container holding areas; animal holding pens; staging areas; and air pollution control equipment. The requirement for routine facility inspections is waived for facilities that have maintained an active VEEP E3/E4 status.

b. Employee training. The employee training program shall also address pest control.

D. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Dairy products, grain mills and fats and oils products facilities are required to monitor their storm water discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 280.

Table 280.