Titles of Regulations: 1VAC20-50. Candidate Qualification (amending 1VAC20-50-20).

1VAC20-60. Election Administration (amending 1VAC20-60-20).

Statutory Authority: §§ 24.2-103 and 24.2-506 of the Code of Virginia.

Effective Date: July 12, 2013.

Agency Contact: Myron McClees, Policy Analyst, State Board of Elections, 1100 Bank Street, Richmond, VA 23219, telephone (804) 864-8949, FAX (804) 786-0760, or email myron.mcclees@sbe.virginia.gov.

Summary:

Pursuant to Chapter 684 of the 2013 Acts of Assembly, the amendments establish standards and procedures for determining the validity of petition signatures.

1VAC20-50-20. Material omissions from candidate petitions and petition signature qualifications.

A. Pursuant to the requirements of §§ 24.2-506, 24.2-521, and 24.2-543 of the Code of Virginia, a petition or a petition signature should not be rendered invalid if it contains an error or omission not material to its proper processing.

B. The following omissions are always material and any petition containing such omissions should shall be rendered invalid if:

1. The petition submitted is not the double-sided document, or a [ double-sided ] copy thereof, provided by the State Board of Elections;

2. The petition does not have the name, or some variation of the name, and address of the candidate on the front of the form;

3. The petition fails to identify the office sought on the front of the form;

4. The petition fails to identify the applicable election district in which the candidate is running for office;

5. The circulator has not signed the petition affidavit and provided his current address;

6. The circulator is [ (i) not a legal resident of the Commonwealth, (ii) ] a minor [ , ] or [ (iii) ] a felon whose voting rights have not been restored;

7. The circulator has not signed the petition he circulated in the presence of a notary;

8. The circulator has not had a notary sign the affidavit for each petition submitted;

9. [ A person other than the circulator signed the petition affidavit;

10. ] The notary has not affixed a photographically reproducible seal;

[ 10. 11. ] The notary has not included his registration number and commission expiration date; or

[ 11. 12. ] Any combination of the scenarios of this subsection exists.

C. If the circulator signs the petition in the "Signature of Registered Voter," his signature shall be invalidated but the petition shall be valid notwithstanding any other error or omission. The following omissions related to individual petition signatures are always material and any petition signature containing such omission shall be rendered invalid if:

1. The signer is not qualified to cast a ballot for the office for which the petition was circulated;

2. The signer is also the circulator of the petition;

3. The signer provided an accompanying date that is subsequent to the date upon which the notary signed the petition;

4. [ The signer did not sign the petition; or

5. ] The signer provided an address that does not match the petition signer's address in the Virginia voter registration system [ ; or, unless the signer provided an address that is within the same precinct where a voter is currently registered in the Virginia voter registration system, and the signer can be reasonably identified as the same registered voter. ]

[ 5. The signer did not sign the petition. ]

D. The following omissions shall be treated as nonmaterial provided that the general registrar can independently and reasonably verify the [ omitted information validity of the petition or signature ] can be independently verified:

1. An older version of the petition is used (provided that the information presented complies with current laws, regulations, and guidelines);

2. The "election information" including (i) county, city, or town in which the election will be held; (ii) election type; and (iii) date of election are omitted;

3. The name of the candidate and office sought are omitted from the back of the petition; or

4. The circulator has not provided the last four digits of his social security number in the affidavit.;

5. The signer omits his first name, provided he provides a combination of his first or middle initials or a middle name and last name and address that matches a qualified voter within the Virginia voter registration system;

6. [ The signer provided a derivative of his legal name as his first or middle name (e.g., "Bob" instead of "Robert");

7. ] The signer prints his name on the "Print" line and prints his name on the "Sign" line; or

[ 7. 8. ] The signer fails to provide the date but a period of time that qualifies can affirmatively be established with previous and subsequent dates provided by other signers upon the petition page.

E. A signature upon a petition shall be included in the count toward meeting the petition signature requirements only if:

1. The petition signer is a qualified voter who is maintained on the Virginia voter registration system either (i) with active status or (ii) with inactive status and qualified to vote for the office for which the petition was circulated [ . All qualified voters with inactive status must provide an address upon the petition that matches what is listed for the voter within the Virginia voter registration system ];

2. The signer provides his name; and

3. The signer provides [ his house number, street name, street type, and as applicable, city an address ] that matches [ a qualified voter within the petition signer's address in ] the Virginia voter registration system [ . For purposes of this section, "city" may include the signer's locality, town, or any acceptable mailing name for the five-digit zip code of the signer's residence, or the signer provided an address that is within the same precinct where a voter is currently registered in the Virginia voter registration system, and the signer can be reasonably identified as the same registered voter ].

1VAC20-60-20. Material omissions on referendum petitions and petition signature qualifications.

A. Pursuant to the requirements of § 24.2-684.1 of the Code of Virginia, a petition or a petition signature should not be rendered invalid if it contains an error or omission not material to its proper processing.

B. The following omissions are always material and any petition containing such omissions should shall be rendered invalid if:

1. The petition submitted is not the double-sided document, or a [ double-sided ] copy thereof, provided by the State Board of Elections;

2. The "question" or "referendum issue" is not stated in a manner set forth by law on the front of the petition;

3. The circulator has not signed the petition affidavit and provided his current address;

4. The circulator is [ (i) not a legal resident of the Commonwealth, (ii) ] a minor [ , ] or [ (iii) ] a felon whose [ voting ] rights have not been restored;

5. The circulator has not signed the affidavit for the petition he circulated in the presence of a notary;

6. The circulator has not had a notary sign the affidavit for each petition submitted;

7. [ A person other than the circulator signed the petition affidavit;

8. ] The notary has not affixed a photographically reproducible seal;

[ 8. 9. ] The notary has not included his registration number and commission expiration date; or

[ 9. 10. ] Any combination of the aforementioned scenarios exist.

C. If the circulator signs the petition in the "Signature of Registered Voter" field, his signature shall be invalidated but the petition shall be valid notwithstanding any other error or omission. The following omissions related to individual petition signatures are always material and any petition signature containing such omission shall be rendered invalid if:

1. The signer is not qualified to cast a ballot for the referendum for which the petition was circulated;

2. The signer is also the circulator of the petition;

3. The signer provided an accompanying date that is subsequent to the date upon which the notary signed the petition;

4. [ The signer did not sign the petition; or

5. ] The signer provided an address that does not match the petition signer's address in the Virginia voter registration system [ ; or, unless the signer provided an address that is within the same precinct where a voter is currently registered in the Virginia voter registration system, and the signer can be reasonably identified as the same registered voter. ]

[ 5. The signer did not sign the petition. ]

D. Subdivision B 3 of this section does not apply to a school board referendum submitted pursuant to § 24.2-57.2 or 24.2-165 of the Code of Virginia.

E. D. The following omissions shall be treated as nonmaterial provided that the general registrar can independently and reasonably verify the [ omitted information validity of the petition or signature ] can be independently verified:

1. An older version of the petition is used (provided that the information presented complies with current laws, regulations, and guidelines);

2. The "election information" including: (i) county, city, or town in which the election will be held; (ii) election type; and (iii) date of election are omitted; or

3. The circulator has not provided the last four digits of his social security number in the affidavit.;

4. The signer omits his first name, provided he provides a combination of his first or middle initials or a middle name and last name and address that matches a qualified voter within the Virginia voter registration system;

5. [ The signer provided a derivative of his legal name as his first or middle name (e.g., "Bob" instead of "Robert");

6. ] The signer prints his name on the "Print" line and prints his name on the "Sign" line; or

[ 6. 7. ] The signer fails to provide the date but a period of time that qualifies can affirmatively be established with previous and subsequent dates provided by other signers upon the petition page.

E. A signature upon a petition shall be included in the count toward meeting the petition signature requirements only if:

1. The petition signer is a qualified voter who is maintained on the Virginia voter registration system either (i) with active status or (ii) with inactive status and qualified to vote for the office for which the petition was circulated [ . All qualified voters with inactive status must provide an address upon the petition that matches what is listed for the voter within the Virginia voter registration system ];

2. The signer provides his name; and

3. The signer provides [ his house number, street name, street type, and as applicable, city an address ] that matches [ a qualified voter within the petition signer's address in ] the Virginia voter registration system [ . For purposes of this section, "city" may include the signer's locality, town, or any acceptable mailing name for the five-digit zip code of the signer's residence, or the signer provided an address that is within the same precinct where a voter is currently registered in the Virginia voter registration system, and the signer can be reasonably identified as the same registered voter ].

Titles of Regulations: 1VAC20-50. Candidate Qualification (amending 1VAC20-50-20).

1VAC20-60. Election Administration (amending 1VAC20-60-20).

Statutory Authority: §§ 24.2-103 and 24.2-506 of the Code of Virginia.

Effective Date: July 12, 2013.

Agency Contact: Myron McClees, Policy Analyst, State Board of Elections, 1100 Bank Street, Richmond, VA 23219, telephone (804) 864-8949, FAX (804) 786-0760, or email myron.mcclees@sbe.virginia.gov.

Summary:

Pursuant to Chapter 684 of the 2013 Acts of Assembly, the amendments establish standards and procedures for determining the validity of petition signatures.

1VAC20-50-20. Material omissions from candidate petitions and petition signature qualifications.

A. Pursuant to the requirements of §§ 24.2-506, 24.2-521, and 24.2-543 of the Code of Virginia, a petition or a petition signature should not be rendered invalid if it contains an error or omission not material to its proper processing.

B. The following omissions are always material and any petition containing such omissions should shall be rendered invalid if:

1. The petition submitted is not the double-sided document, or a [ double-sided ] copy thereof, provided by the State Board of Elections;

2. The petition does not have the name, or some variation of the name, and address of the candidate on the front of the form;

3. The petition fails to identify the office sought on the front of the form;

4. The petition fails to identify the applicable election district in which the candidate is running for office;

5. The circulator has not signed the petition affidavit and provided his current address;

6. The circulator is [ (i) not a legal resident of the Commonwealth, (ii) ] a minor [ , ] or [ (iii) ] a felon whose voting rights have not been restored;

7. The circulator has not signed the petition he circulated in the presence of a notary;

8. The circulator has not had a notary sign the affidavit for each petition submitted;

9. [ A person other than the circulator signed the petition affidavit;

10. ] The notary has not affixed a photographically reproducible seal;

[ 10. 11. ] The notary has not included his registration number and commission expiration date; or

[ 11. 12. ] Any combination of the scenarios of this subsection exists.

C. If the circulator signs the petition in the "Signature of Registered Voter," his signature shall be invalidated but the petition shall be valid notwithstanding any other error or omission. The following omissions related to individual petition signatures are always material and any petition signature containing such omission shall be rendered invalid if:

1. The signer is not qualified to cast a ballot for the office for which the petition was circulated;

2. The signer is also the circulator of the petition;

3. The signer provided an accompanying date that is subsequent to the date upon which the notary signed the petition;

4. [ The signer did not sign the petition; or

5. ] The signer provided an address that does not match the petition signer's address in the Virginia voter registration system [ ; or, unless the signer provided an address that is within the same precinct where a voter is currently registered in the Virginia voter registration system, and the signer can be reasonably identified as the same registered voter. ]

[ 5. The signer did not sign the petition. ]

D. The following omissions shall be treated as nonmaterial provided that the general registrar can independently and reasonably verify the [ omitted information validity of the petition or signature ] can be independently verified:

1. An older version of the petition is used (provided that the information presented complies with current laws, regulations, and guidelines);

2. The "election information" including (i) county, city, or town in which the election will be held; (ii) election type; and (iii) date of election are omitted;

3. The name of the candidate and office sought are omitted from the back of the petition; or

4. The circulator has not provided the last four digits of his social security number in the affidavit.;

5. The signer omits his first name, provided he provides a combination of his first or middle initials or a middle name and last name and address that matches a qualified voter within the Virginia voter registration system;

6. [ The signer provided a derivative of his legal name as his first or middle name (e.g., "Bob" instead of "Robert");

7. ] The signer prints his name on the "Print" line and prints his name on the "Sign" line; or

[ 7. 8. ] The signer fails to provide the date but a period of time that qualifies can affirmatively be established with previous and subsequent dates provided by other signers upon the petition page.

E. A signature upon a petition shall be included in the count toward meeting the petition signature requirements only if:

1. The petition signer is a qualified voter who is maintained on the Virginia voter registration system either (i) with active status or (ii) with inactive status and qualified to vote for the office for which the petition was circulated [ . All qualified voters with inactive status must provide an address upon the petition that matches what is listed for the voter within the Virginia voter registration system ];

2. The signer provides his name; and

3. The signer provides [ his house number, street name, street type, and as applicable, city an address ] that matches [ a qualified voter within the petition signer's address in ] the Virginia voter registration system [ . For purposes of this section, "city" may include the signer's locality, town, or any acceptable mailing name for the five-digit zip code of the signer's residence, or the signer provided an address that is within the same precinct where a voter is currently registered in the Virginia voter registration system, and the signer can be reasonably identified as the same registered voter ].

1VAC20-60-20. Material omissions on referendum petitions and petition signature qualifications.

A. Pursuant to the requirements of § 24.2-684.1 of the Code of Virginia, a petition or a petition signature should not be rendered invalid if it contains an error or omission not material to its proper processing.

B. The following omissions are always material and any petition containing such omissions should shall be rendered invalid if:

1. The petition submitted is not the double-sided document, or a [ double-sided ] copy thereof, provided by the State Board of Elections;

2. The "question" or "referendum issue" is not stated in a manner set forth by law on the front of the petition;

3. The circulator has not signed the petition affidavit and provided his current address;

4. The circulator is [ (i) not a legal resident of the Commonwealth, (ii) ] a minor [ , ] or [ (iii) ] a felon whose [ voting ] rights have not been restored;

5. The circulator has not signed the affidavit for the petition he circulated in the presence of a notary;

6. The circulator has not had a notary sign the affidavit for each petition submitted;

7. [ A person other than the circulator signed the petition affidavit;

8. ] The notary has not affixed a photographically reproducible seal;

[ 8. 9. ] The notary has not included his registration number and commission expiration date; or

[ 9. 10. ] Any combination of the aforementioned scenarios exist.

C. If the circulator signs the petition in the "Signature of Registered Voter" field, his signature shall be invalidated but the petition shall be valid notwithstanding any other error or omission. The following omissions related to individual petition signatures are always material and any petition signature containing such omission shall be rendered invalid if:

1. The signer is not qualified to cast a ballot for the referendum for which the petition was circulated;

2. The signer is also the circulator of the petition;

3. The signer provided an accompanying date that is subsequent to the date upon which the notary signed the petition;

4. [ The signer did not sign the petition; or

5. ] The signer provided an address that does not match the petition signer's address in the Virginia voter registration system [ ; or, unless the signer provided an address that is within the same precinct where a voter is currently registered in the Virginia voter registration system, and the signer can be reasonably identified as the same registered voter. ]

[ 5. The signer did not sign the petition. ]

D. Subdivision B 3 of this section does not apply to a school board referendum submitted pursuant to § 24.2-57.2 or 24.2-165 of the Code of Virginia.

E. D. The following omissions shall be treated as nonmaterial provided that the general registrar can independently and reasonably verify the [ omitted information validity of the petition or signature ] can be independently verified:

1. An older version of the petition is used (provided that the information presented complies with current laws, regulations, and guidelines);

2. The "election information" including: (i) county, city, or town in which the election will be held; (ii) election type; and (iii) date of election are omitted; or

3. The circulator has not provided the last four digits of his social security number in the affidavit.;

4. The signer omits his first name, provided he provides a combination of his first or middle initials or a middle name and last name and address that matches a qualified voter within the Virginia voter registration system;

5. [ The signer provided a derivative of his legal name as his first or middle name (e.g., "Bob" instead of "Robert");

6. ] The signer prints his name on the "Print" line and prints his name on the "Sign" line; or

[ 6. 7. ] The signer fails to provide the date but a period of time that qualifies can affirmatively be established with previous and subsequent dates provided by other signers upon the petition page.

E. A signature upon a petition shall be included in the count toward meeting the petition signature requirements only if:

1. The petition signer is a qualified voter who is maintained on the Virginia voter registration system either (i) with active status or (ii) with inactive status and qualified to vote for the office for which the petition was circulated [ . All qualified voters with inactive status must provide an address upon the petition that matches what is listed for the voter within the Virginia voter registration system ];

2. The signer provides his name; and

3. The signer provides [ his house number, street name, street type, and as applicable, city an address ] that matches [ a qualified voter within the petition signer's address in ] the Virginia voter registration system [ . For purposes of this section, "city" may include the signer's locality, town, or any acceptable mailing name for the five-digit zip code of the signer's residence, or the signer provided an address that is within the same precinct where a voter is currently registered in the Virginia voter registration system, and the signer can be reasonably identified as the same registered voter ].

Title of Regulation: 2VAC5-685. Regulations Governing Pesticide Applicator Certification under Authority of Virginia Pesticide Control Act (amending 2VAC5-685-70).

Statutory Authority: § 3.2-3906 of the Code of Virginia.

Public Hearing Information: No public hearings are scheduled.

Public Comment Deadline: August 28, 2013.

Effective Date: September 12, 2013.

Agency Contact: Erin Williams, Policy and Planning Coordinator, Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, P.O. Box 1163, Richmond, VA 23218, telephone (804) 786-6559 ext: 1308, FAX (804) 371-7479, TTY (800) 828-1120, or email erin.williams@vdacs.virginia.gov.

Basis: Section 3.2-109 of the Code of Virginia authorizes the Board of Agriculture and Consumer Services to adopt regulations in accordance with Title 3.2 of the Code of Virginia regarding agriculture, animal care, and food. Subdivision 4 of § 3.2-3906 of the Code of Virginia authorizes the board to adopt regulations to establish training, testing, and standards for certification of commercial pesticide applicators.

Purpose: The Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (VDACS) oversees the testing of individuals who desire to become commercial pesticide applicators. 2VAC5-685, Regulations Governing Pesticide Applicator Certification Under Authority of Virginia Pesticide Control Act, establishes the categories and subcategories in which a commercial pesticide applicator may be certified. Certification in the fumigation of soil and agricultural products subcategory and the chemigation subcategory currently requires concurrent certification in the agricultural plant pest control category. This requirement was necessary when each of these subcategories did not have its own separate manual and exam. Now that a manual and exam for both the fumigation of soil and agricultural products subcategory and the chemigation subcategory have been developed, concurrent certification in the agricultural plant pest control category is no longer necessary. This regulation assists in ensuring that commercial pesticide applicators have the necessary knowledge to enable them to properly use pesticides. The proper use of pesticides is essential to protect the health, safety, and welfare of citizens.

Rationale for Using Fast-Track Process: This rulemaking will remove an unnecessary regulatory requirement for concurrent certification for two subcategories of commercial pesticide applicators. Representatives from pesticide trade groups, growers, and pesticide educators commented favorably on this proposal. Consequently, as this regulatory action will eliminate an unnecessary requirement, the department expects this action to be noncontroversial. Both of these subcategories each have a separate exam. As such, individuals conducting fumigation of soil and agricultural products or chemigation will continue to be tested and certified.

Substance: This regulatory action will remove from 2VAC5-685-70 the requirement of concurrent certification in the agricultural plant pest control category for the subcategories of (i) fumigation of soil and agricultural products and (ii) chemigation.

Issues: The primary advantage of this action for businesses and the agency is the elimination of an unnecessary regulatory requirement for concurrent certification for two subcategories of commercial pesticide applicators. This regulation action poses no disadvantage to the public or the Commonwealth.

Department of Planning and Budget's Economic Impact Analysis:

Summary of the Proposed Amendments to Regulation. The Board of Agriculture and Consumer Services (Board) proposes to remove from Section 70 of 2VAC5-685, Regulations Governing Pesticide Applicator Certification Under Authority of Virginia Pesticide Control Act, the requirement of concurrent certification in the agricultural plant pest control category for the subcategories of (1) fumigation of soil and agricultural products, and (2) chemigation.

Result of Analysis. The benefits likely exceed the costs for all proposed changes.

Estimated Economic Impact. The Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (Department) oversees the testing of individuals who desire to become commercial pesticide applicators. The Regulations Governing Pesticide Applicator Certification Under Authority of Virginia Pesticide Control Act establish the categories and subcategories in which a commercial pesticide applicator may be certified. Certification in two subcategories, (1) fumigation of soil and agricultural products and (2) chemigation, currently requires concurrent certification in the agricultural plant pest control category. This requirement was necessary when each of these subcategories did not have its own separate manual and exam. Now that a manual and exam for both the fumigation of soil and agricultural products subcategory and the chemigation subcategory have been developed, concurrent certification in the agricultural plant pest control category is no longer necessary.

Therefore, the Board proposes to no longer require concurrent certification in the agricultural plant pest control category for certification in the aforementioned two subcategories. The proposed change will potentially save both time and fees for individuals desiring certification in fumigation or chemigation, but not agricultural plant pest control. The applicants will no longer have to spend the time necessary for studying and taking the agricultural plant pest control exam, nor wait for the Department to process the application. The Department estimates that the proposed repeal of the concurrent certification will save applicants anywhere from two to four weeks from the removal of studying, exam taking, and application processing associated with the agricultural plant pest control certification. To become a commercial applicator, an individual must first pass a core examination that deals with general principles of pesticide safety and knowledge of appropriate federal and state laws and regulations, and then demonstrate competency in a particular type of pest control by passing the appropriate category examination(s). The certification fee allows applicators to take not only the core exam but also exams in as many other categories as they wish to during a given testing session. If an applicant wishes to certify in an additional category later on, he/she would pay a separate fee. By removing the requirement for concurrent certification, applicators would have fewer exams to take, thus making it more likely that they would complete those exams during one testing session, thereby reducing the fees they pay. The certification fee for the first testing session is $70. The fee per additional testing session, if needed, is $35.

Businesses and Entities Affected. Currently, 74 applicators are certified in the fumigation subcategory and 35 applicators are certified in the chemigation subcategory. Approximately 32 businesses will be affected by this regulatory action.¹ The Department estimates that all of the 32 firms are small businesses.

Localities Particularly Affected. The proposed repeal of these regulations does not particularly affect specific localities.

Projected Impact on Employment. The proposed repeal of the concurrent certification in agricultural plant pest control requirement will significantly reduce the time necessary to become certified in fumigation or chemigation. This may increase the supply of available workers, particularly for temporary jobs. This may in practice result in a small increase in the total number of individuals employed in fumigation or chemigation.

Effects on the Use and Value of Private Property. The proposed repeal of the concurrent certification in agricultural plant pest control requirement will save time and in some cases fees for individuals desiring certification in fumigation or chemigation,

Small Businesses: Costs and Other Effects. The proposed repeal of the concurrent certification in agricultural plant pest control requirement will save time and in some cases fees for employees of small firms that provide fumigation or chemigation services.

Small Businesses: Alternative Method that Minimizes Adverse Impact. The proposed amendments do not adversely affect small businesses.

Real Estate Development Costs. The proposed amendments are unlikely to significantly affect real estate development costs.

Legal Mandate. The Department of Planning and Budget (DPB) has analyzed the economic impact of this proposed regulation in accordance with § 2.2-4007.04 of the Administrative Process Act and Executive Order Number 14 (10). Section 2.2-4007.04 requires that such economic impact analyses include, but need not be limited to, a determination of the public benefit, the projected number of businesses or other entities to whom the regulation would apply, the identity of any localities and types of businesses or other entities particularly affected, the projected number of persons and employment positions to be affected, the projected costs to affected businesses or entities to implement or comply with the regulation, and the impact on the use and value of private property. Further, if the proposed regulation has an adverse effect on small businesses, § 2.2-4007.04 requires that such economic impact analyses include (i) an identification and estimate of the number of small businesses subject to the regulation; (ii) the projected reporting, recordkeeping, and other administrative costs required for small businesses to comply with the regulation, including the type of professional skills necessary for preparing required reports and other documents; (iii) a statement of the probable effect of the regulation on affected small businesses; and (iv) a description of any less intrusive or less costly alternative methods of achieving the purpose of the regulation. The analysis presented above represents DPB's best estimate of these economic impacts.

________________________________

¹ Estimate provided by the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services

Agency's Response to Economic Impact Analysis: The agency concurs with the analysis of the Department of Planning and Budget.

Summary:

The amendments remove the requirement that a commercial applicator be concurrently certified in the agricultural plant pest control category for the subcategories of (i) fumigation of soil and agricultural products and (ii) chemigation.

Part III
Categories of Pesticide Applicator Certification

2VAC5-685-70. Categories for commercial applicator certification.

A. Commercial applicators must be certified in one or more of the following commercial applicator categories or subcategories:

1. Agricultural pest control.

a. Agricultural plant pest control. This subcategory is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides in production of agricultural crops, or on grasslands, or noncrop agricultural lands.

b. Agricultural animal pest control. This subcategory is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides on agriculturally related animals.

c. Fumigation of soil and agricultural products. This subcategory is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides for soil fumigation in production of an agricultural commodity and the application of pesticides for fumigation of agricultural products. Certification in this subcategory requires concurrent certification in the agricultural plant pest control category.

d. Chemigation. This subcategory is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides through an irrigation system. Certification in this subcategory requires concurrent certification in the agricultural plant pest control category.

2. Forest pest control. This category is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides in forests, forest nurseries, and seed orchards.

3. Ornamental and turf pest control.

a. Ornamental pest control. This subcategory is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides in the maintenance and production of ornamental trees, shrubs, and flowers in and out-of-doors.

b. Turf pest control. This subcategory is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides in the production and maintenance of turf, including, but not limited to, turf in golf courses, residential lawns, parks, and cemeteries.

4. Seed treatment (excluding fumigation). This category is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides on seeds.

5. Aquatic pest control.

a. Aquatic pest control - general. This subcategory is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides in or on standing or running water, for the express purpose of controlling pests. This excludes applicators engaged in public health related activities included in subdivision 8 of this subsection, public health pest control.

b. Marine antifoulant paints. This subcategory is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of marine antifoulant paints containing tributyltin or other restricted use pesticides.

6. Right-of-way pest control. This category is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides in the maintenance of public rights-of-way and in the maintenance of fence lines, structural perimeters or other similar areas.

7. Industrial, institutional, structural, and health-related pest control.

a. General pest control (excluding fumigation). This subcategory is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides to control household type pests, pests that inhabit or infest structures, stored products, and residential food preparation areas, and pests capable of infesting or contaminating foods and foodstuffs at any stage of processing facilities.

b. Wood-destroying pest control (excluding fumigation). This subcategory is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides to control organisms that destroy structures made of wood.

c. Fumigation. This subcategory is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of fumigant-type pesticides.

d. Vertebrate pest control (excluding structural invaders). This subcategory is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides to control vertebrate pest animals.

e. Sewer root pest control. This subcategory is for commercial applicators who use pesticides for sewer line root control.

8. Public health pest control. This category is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides for the management and control of pests having medical and public health significance.

9. Regulatory pest control. This category is for federal, state, and local governmental employee applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides in the control of regulated pests.

10. Demonstration and research pest control. This category is for commercial applicators who will be demonstrating the proper use and techniques of application of pesticides (including classroom demonstration), or who will be supervising such demonstration. It also includes applicators who will be conducting pesticide research on greenhouse or field plots.

11. Aerial pesticide application. This category is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of any pesticide applied by fixed- or rotary-wing aircraft.

12. Wood preservation and wood product treatment. This category is for commercial applicators who will be using or supervising the use of pesticides at treating plants and sawmills for preservative treatment of wood and wood products.

13. Miscellaneous. This category is to be used to designate categories or subcategories of commercial applicators using specific pesticides or uses for which the U.S. EPA may mandate certification in order to allow for the pesticide or use.

B. A commercial applicator certified in one category and seeking initial certification in one or more additional categories shall meet the certification requirements of each of the new categories in which he desires certification.

FORMS (2VAC5-685)

Commercial Pesticide Applicator Certification Application - A, Form VDACS-07211 (rev. 07/12)

Commercial Pesticide Applicator Request for Authorization to Take Pesticide Applicator Examination - B, Form VDACS-07218 (eff. 1/09)

Commercial Pesticide Applicator Request for Authorization to Take Pesticide Applicator Examination - B, Form VDACS-07218 (rev. 5/13)

Commercial Pesticide Applicator Certification Exam bubble answer sheet, 2003

Private Pesticide Applicator Certification Exam bubble answer sheet, 2003

Private Pesticide Applicator Request for Authorization to Take Pesticide Applicator Examination at Department of Motor Vehicles Customer Service Center (eff. 1/09)

Power of Attorney (not dated)

Power of Attorney (rev. 5/09)

Proof of Additional Category Specific Training for Registered Technicians (eff. 3/12)

Application for Reciprocal Pesticide Applicator Certificate, Form VDACS-07210 (eff. 5/09)

Pesticide Registered Technician Application Form VDACS-07212 (eff. 1/09)

Title of Regulation: 4VAC25-140. Coal Surface Mining Regulations (repealing 4VAC25-140-10 through 4VAC25-140-1090).

Statutory Authority: § 45.1-161.3 of the Code of Virginia.

Effective Date: August 29, 2013.

Agency Contact: Michael Skiffington, Regulatory Coordinator, Department of Mines, Minerals and Energy, 1100 Bank Street, 8th Floor, Richmond, VA 23219-3402, telephone (804) 692-3212, FAX (804) 692-3237, TTY (800) 828-1120, or email mike.skiffington@dmme.virginia.gov.

Summary:

Chapter 47 of the 2013 Acts of Assembly repealed Chapter 17 (§ 45.1-198 et seq.) of Title 45.1 of the Code of Virginia. That chapter was superseded by the Virginia Coal Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1979, which is codified at Chapter 19 (§ 45.1-180 et seq.) of Title 45.1. This action repeals the regulations promulgated under Chapter 17 as there are no longer any permits outstanding under that chapter. This action is submitted as part of Governor McDonnell's Regulatory Reform Initiative.

Title of Regulation: 6VAC15-40. Minimum Standards for Jails and Lockups (adding 6VAC15-40-985).

Statutory Authority: §§ 53.1-5, 53.1-68, and 53.1-131 of the Code of Virginia.

Public Hearing Information: No public hearings are scheduled.

Public Comment Deadline: September 27, 2013.

Agency Contact: Jim Bruce, Agency Regulatory Coordinator, Department of Corrections, P.O. Box 26963, Richmond, VA 23261-6963, telephone (804) 674-3303 ext. 1130, FAX (804) 674-3017, or email james.bruce@vadoc.virginia.gov.

Basis: Section 53.1-5 of the Code of Virginia authorizes the Board of Corrections to make, adopt, and promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of Title 53.1 of the Code of Virginia and other laws of the Commonwealth pertaining to local, regional, and community correctional facilities. Section 53.1-68 of the Code of Virginia requires the board to prescribe regulations governing the administration and operation of local correctional facilities.

Purpose: The current regulations do not prescribe any special considerations for restraint of offenders known to be pregnant while under the control of local jails and lockups. The proposed changes will specify the type of restraint devices to be used, how the restraint devices may be applied, the circumstances under which the restraints may be used, and reporting requirements for use of restraints on offenders known to be pregnant. The regulations are intended to protect the health and well-being of pregnant jail inmates and their fetuses.

Substance: The proposed regulations require an inmate known to be pregnant to be restrained in the least restrictive manner appropriate to the inmate's situation and perceived flight and security risk. Handcuffs applied to the front of the inmate are the only restraints to be used for transportation outside the secure perimeter. No restraints are to be used during labor and delivery. Inmates in postpartum recovery and when in a medical facility for treatment unrelated to labor and delivery will be restrained in the least restrictive method necessary. An individualized determination must be made to exceed these restraints, and all use of additional restraints shall be reported. Facility staff is required to annually review policy related to restraint of pregnant inmates.

Issues: There has been a wave of public concern related to restraint of pregnant offenders as evidenced by legislation introduced in the 2011 and 2012 General Assembly sessions and a coalition of various organizations and agencies that support statutes and regulation on this subject.

This regulation offers the advantage of protecting the health and well-being of pregnant jail inmates and their fetuses by standardizing the requirements for restraints for pregnant inmates while imposing minimal additional requirements on jail operations. There are no known disadvantages to the public or agency.

Department of Planning and Budget's Economic Impact Analysis:

Summary of the Proposed Amendments to Regulation. The Board of Corrections proposes to establish in the regulations procedures pertaining to the use of restraints on pregnant inmates in jails and lockups.

Result of Analysis. No significant costs or benefits are expected from the proposed changes.

Estimated Economic Impact. The proposed changes establish procedures in regulations that address the use of restraints on offenders known to be pregnant during transportation outside the secure perimeter, during labor and delivery, postpartum recovery, and for medical treatment unrelated to labor and delivery. The proposed changes also require staff to annually review policy related to restraining pregnant inmates.

According to the Department of Corrections (DOC), the proposed procedures are already followed in practice based on facility policies. Thus, no significant economic impact is expected from the proposed regulations. Also, DOC plans to incorporate the proposed annual review requirement into its periodic training requirement and does not expect any additional costs for its implementation. While no significant direct economic impact is expected, the proposed language may improve the clarity and accessibility of the rules followed in practice.

Businesses and Entities Affected. The proposed regulations apply to 68 jails and lockups. Less than 150 inmates in jails and lockups are estimated to be pregnant at any given time. The number of staff in jails and lockups is about 9,600, but not all will be required to be trained in the use of restraints.

Localities Particularly Affected. The proposed regulations are not expected to affect any locality more than others.

Projected Impact on Employment. No significant impact on employment is expected.

Effects on the Use and Value of Private Property. No significant effect on the use and value of private property is expected.

Small Businesses: Costs and Other Effects. The proposed changes are not anticipated to create any costs or other effects on small businesses.

Small Businesses: Alternative Method that Minimizes Adverse Impact. No adverse impact on small businesses is expected.

Real Estate Development Costs. No effect on real estate development costs is expected.

Legal Mandate. The Department of Planning and Budget (DPB) has analyzed the economic impact of this proposed regulation in accordance with § 2.2-4007.04 of the Administrative Process Act and Executive Order Number 14 (10). Section 2.2-4007.04 requires that such economic impact analyses include, but need not be limited to, the projected number of businesses or other entities to whom the regulation would apply, the identity of any localities and types of businesses or other entities particularly affected, the projected number of persons and employment positions to be affected, the projected costs to affected businesses or entities to implement or comply with the regulation, and the impact on the use and value of private property. Further, if the proposed regulation has adverse effect on small businesses, § 2.2-4007.04 requires that such economic impact analyses include (i) an identification and estimate of the number of small businesses subject to the regulation; (ii) the projected reporting, recordkeeping, and other administrative costs required for small businesses to comply with the regulation, including the type of professional skills necessary for preparing required reports and other documents; (iii) a statement of the probable effect of the regulation on affected small businesses; and (iv) a description of any less intrusive or less costly alternative methods of achieving the purpose of the regulation. The analysis presented above represents DPB's best estimate of these economic impacts.

Agency's Response to Economic Impact Analysis: The Department of Corrections concurs with the analysis prepared by the Department of Planning and Budget regarding 6VAC15-40, Minimum Standards for Jails and Lockups.

Summary:

The proposed amendments establish procedures pertaining to the use of restraints on pregnant inmates during transportation outside the secure perimeter, during labor and delivery, during postpartum recovery, and when receiving treatment unrelated to labor and delivery. The regulations (i) include criteria and reporting requirements for use of more restrictive restraints and (ii) require staff to annually review policy related to restraining pregnant inmates.

6VAC15-40-985. Restraint of pregnant offenders.

A. This subsection is intended to apply to the transportation outside the secure perimeter such that inmates known to be pregnant shall be handcuffed only in front, unless an individualized determination is made that the inmate is a flight risk or danger to herself or others, or the totality of the circumstances creates a serious security risk.

1. If an individualized determination has been made, then such inmate will be restrained in the least restrictive method necessary for outside transport. Waist chains/belts shall not be used.

2. If it is deemed more restrictive restraints are needed during transport, security staff shall notify a supervisor as soon as reasonably possible and a use of force report indicating the reason for the use of restraints and type of restraints shall be submitted to a supervisor no later than the conclusion of the shift for review and justification.

B. No restraints will be used during labor and delivery unless an individualized determination has been made that the inmate is a flight risk or danger to herself or others, or the totality of the circumstances creates a serious security risk.

C. This subsection is intended to apply to labor and delivery such that if there is an individualized determination that restraints are needed, the least restrictive alternative will be used in consultation with the medical professional, but restraints shall be immediately removed upon the request of any doctor, nurse, or other health professional treating the inmate if the restraints present a threat to the health or life of the inmate or child. Waist chains/belts shall not be used.

D. If it is deemed more restrictive restraints are needed during labor and delivery, security staff shall notify a supervisor as soon as reasonably practical and a use of force report indicating the reason for the use of restraints and type of restraints shall be submitted to a supervisor no later than the conclusion of the shift for review and justification.

E. This subsection is intended to apply during postpartum recovery while the inmate is in the hospital such that after an individualized determination, an inmate shall be restrained in the least restrictive method (i.e., one ankle restraint or one arm restraint) that will allow for the mother's safe handling of her infant and mother-infant bonding, except where necessary when the inmate is a flight risk or danger to herself or others, or the totality of the circumstances creates a serious security risk. If it is deemed restraints more restrictive than one ankle restraint or one arm restraint are needed, security staff shall notify a supervisor as soon as reasonably practical and a use of force report indicating the reason for the use of restraints and type of restraints shall be submitted to a supervisor no later than the conclusion of the shift for review and justification.

F. All staff shall annually review policy related to restraining pregnant inmates.

G. This subsection is intended to apply to inmates known to be pregnant who are in a facility for medical treatment unrelated to labor and delivery. Such inmates will be restrained in the least restrictive method necessary in consultation with the medical professional. Waist chains/belts shall not be used.

Title of Regulation: 8VAC20-22. Licensure Regulations for School Personnel (amending 8VAC20-22-40, 8VAC20-22-110).

Statutory Authority: § 22.1-298.1 of the Code of Virginia.

Effective Date: August 28, 2013.

Agency Contact: Patty Pitts, Assistant Superintendent for Teacher Education and Licensure, Department of Education, P.O. Box 2120, Richmond, VA 23218, telephone (804) 371-2522, or email patty.pitts@doe.virginia.gov.

Summary:

This regulation is amended to comport with Chapter 726 and identical Chapters 498 and 530 of the 2013 Acts of Assembly. The amendment required by Chapter 726 requires any individual licensed and endorsed to teach (i) middle school civics or economics or (ii) high school government or history who is seeking renewal of such license to demonstrate knowledge of Virginia history or state and local government by completing a module or professional development course specifically related to Virginia history or state and local government that has a value of five professional development points. This requirement applies for purposes of the individual's next or initial renewal occurring after July 1, 2014. The amendment made pursuant to Chapters 498 and 530 requires every person seeking initial licensure or renewal of a license to provide evidence of completion of certification or training in emergency first aid, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the use of automated external defibrillators. This requirement is waived for any person with a disability whose disability prohibits the person from completing the certification or training.

8VAC20-22-40. Conditions for licensure.

A. Applicants for licensure must:

1. Be at least 18 years of age;

2. Pay the appropriate fees as determined by the Board of Education and complete the application process;

3. Have earned a baccalaureate degree (with the exception of the Technical Professional License) from a regionally accredited institution of higher education and meet requirements for the license sought. Persons seeking initial licensure who graduate from Virginia institutions of higher education shall only be licensed as instructional personnel by the Board of Education if the endorsement areas offered at such institutions have been assessed by a national accrediting agency or by a state approval process with final approval by the Board of Education; and

4. Possess good moral character (free of conditions outlined in Part VII (8VAC20-22-690 et seq.) of this chapter.

B. All candidates who hold at least a baccalaureate degree from a regionally accredited college or university and who seek an initial Virginia teaching license must obtain passing scores on professional teacher's assessments prescribed by the Board of Education. With the exception of the career switcher program that requires assessments as prerequisites, individuals must complete the professional teacher's assessments within the three-year validity of the initial provisional license. Candidates seeking a Technical Professional License, the International License, School Manager License, or the Pupil Personnel Services License are not required to take the professional teacher's assessments. Individuals who hold a valid out-of-state license (full credential with no deficiencies) and who have completed a minimum of three years of full-time, successful teaching experience in a public or accredited nonpublic school (kindergarten through grade 12) in a state other than Virginia are exempted from the professional teacher's assessment requirements.

C. All individuals seeking an initial endorsement in early/primary education preK-3, elementary education preK-6, special education-general curriculum, special education-hearing disorders, special education-visual impairments and individuals seeking an endorsement as a reading specialist must obtain passing scores on a reading instructional assessment prescribed by the Board of Education.

D. Licensure by reciprocity is set forth in 8VAC20-22-100. A school leader's assessment prescribed by the Board of Education must be met for all individuals who are seeking an initial endorsement authorizing them to serve as principals and assistant principals in the public schools. Individuals seeking an initial administration and supervision endorsement who are interested in serving as central office instructional personnel are not required to take and pass the school leaders assessment prescribed by the Board of Education.

E. Individuals seeking initial licensure must demonstrate proficiency in the use of educational technology for instruction, complete study in child abuse recognition and intervention in accordance with curriculum guidelines developed by the Board of Education in consultation with the Department of Social Services, and receive professional development in instructional methods tailored to promote student academic progress and effective preparation for the Standards of Learning end-of-course and end-of-grade assessments.

F. Every person seeking initial licensure of a license shall provide evidence of completion of certification or training in emergency first aid, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the use of automated external defibrillators. The certification or training program shall be based on the current national evidenced-based emergency cardiovascular care guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the use of an automated external defibrillator, such as a program developed by the American Heart Association or the American Red Cross. The Virginia Board of Education shall provide a waiver for this requirement for any person with a disability whose disability prohibits such person from completing the certification or training.

8VAC20-22-110. Requirements for renewing a license.

A. The Division Superintendent, Postgraduate Professional, Collegiate Professional, Technical Professional, Pupil Personnel Services, and School Manager Licenses may be renewed upon the completion of 180 professional development points within a five-year validity period based on an individualized professional development plan that includes ongoing, sustained, and high-quality professional development.

B. Virginia public school divisions and public education agencies must report annually to the Department of Education that instructional personnel have completed high quality professional development each year as set forth by the Virginia Department of Education.

C. Any individual licensed and endorsed to teach (i) middle school civics or economics or (ii) high school government or history who is seeking renewal of such license is required to demonstrate knowledge of Virginia history or state and local government by completing a module or professional development course specifically related to Virginia history or state and local government that has a value of five professional development points. This requirement applies for purposes of the individual's next or initial renewal occurring after July 1, 2014.

D. Every person seeking renewal of a license shall provide evidence of completion of certification or training in emergency first aid, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the use of automated external defibrillators. The certification or training program shall be based on the current national evidenced-based emergency cardiovascular care guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the use of an automated external defibrillator, such as a program developed by the American Heart Association or the American Red Cross. The Virginia Board of Education shall provide a waiver for this requirement for any person with a disability whose disability prohibits such person from completing the certification or training.

C. E. Professional development points may be accrued by the completion of professional development activities to improve and increase instructional personnel's knowledge of the academic subjects the teachers teach or the area assigned from one or more of the following eight options.

1. College credit. Acceptable coursework offers content that provides new information and is offered on-campus, off-campus, or through extension by any regionally accredited two-year or four-year college or university. College coursework must develop further experiences in subject content taught, teaching strategies, uses of technologies, leadership, and other essential elements in teaching to high standards and increasing student learning. At least 90 points for each five-year renewal shall be in the content area(s) currently being taught if the license holder does not hold a graduate degree. Instructional personnel must complete coursework to improve and increase the knowledge of the academic subjects or endorsement areas in which they are assigned.

2. Professional conference. A professional conference is a workshop, institute, or seminar of four or more hours that contributes to ongoing, sustained, and high-quality professional development.

3. Curriculum development. Curriculum development is a group activity in which the license holder contributes to the improvement of the curriculum of a school, a school division, or an education institution in the teaching area assigned. This includes the alignment of curriculum frameworks, instructional materials, and assessments to provide a system with clear expectations of what is to be taught and learned.

4. Publication of article. The article must contribute to the education profession or to the body of knowledge of the license holder's teaching area or instructional position. Grant reports that present the results of educational research are acceptable provided the license holder had an active role in planning, analyzing, interpreting, demonstrating, disseminating, or evaluating the study or innovation. The article must be published in a recognized professional journal.

5. Publication of book. Books must be published for purchase and must contribute to the education profession or to the body of knowledge of the license holder's teaching area or instructional position. The published book must increase the field of content knowledge, planning and assessment for evaluating and providing students with feedback that encourages student progress and measures student achievement, instruction, safety and learning environment, communication and community relations working with students, parents, and members of the community to promote broad support for student learning. Points will not be awarded for books self-published.

6. Mentorship. Mentoring is the process by which an experienced professional, who has received mentorship training, provides assistance to one or more persons for the purpose of improving their performance. Assistance may involve role modeling, direct instruction, demonstration, observation with feedback, developing of plans, and consultation to promote instructional excellence and increased student achievement. Mentoring may include the supervision of a field experience of a preservice student teacher or an intern in an approved teacher/principal preparation program, as well as mentoring as part of the induction process for a beginning teacher or a first-year administrator. Individuals serving in this role and submitting documentation for license renewal based on the mentorship option shall receive training as a mentor prior to the assignment and at least once during the five-year renewal cycle.

7. Educational project. Educational projects must be planned, focused projects based on high standards of teaching and learning. Projects must result in a written report or other tangible product. Projects must contribute to the education profession or to the body of knowledge of the license holder's teaching area or instructional position. A project could include participation in new professional responsibilities, such as leading a school improvement initiative.

8. Professional development activity. Professional development activities must focus on student learning and achievement, schoolwide educational improvement, leadership, subject content, teaching strategies, and use of technologies and other essential elements in teaching to high standards. Activities must be planned, rigorous, systematic, and promote continuous inquiry and reflection. Local employing educational agencies are encouraged to design professional development activities that are conducted in school settings and linked to student learning and achievement.

D. F. A minimum of 90 points (three semester hours in a content area) at the undergraduate (two-year or four-year institution) or graduate level in the license holder's endorsement areas shall be required of license holders without a master's degree and may be satisfied at the undergraduate (two-year or four-year institution) or graduate level. Special education coursework designed to assist classroom teachers and other school personnel in working with students with disabilities, a course in gifted education, a course in educational technology, or a course in English as a second language may be completed to satisfy the content course requirement for one cycle of the renewal process. Professional development activities designed to support the Virginia Standards of Learning, Standards of Accreditation, and Assessments may be accepted in lieu of the content course for one renewal cycle. The substance of the activities must clearly support these initiatives and address one or more of the following areas: (i) new content knowledge to implement the Virginia Standards of Learning; (ii) curriculum development initiative designed to translate the standards from standards to classroom objectives; (iii) teaching beginning reading skills including phonemic awareness and the structure of language (phonics); (iv) staff development activities in assessment to assist classroom teachers in the utilization of test results to improve classroom instruction; and (v) professional development designed to implement the technology standards in the schools. Technical Professional License holders without baccalaureate degrees may satisfy the requirement through career and technical education workshops, career and technical education institutes, or through undergraduate coursework at two-year or four-year institutions.

E. G. Content area courses are courses at the undergraduate level (two-year or four-year institution) or at the graduate level that will not duplicate previous courses taken in the humanities, history and social sciences, the sciences, mathematics, health and physical education, and the fine arts. These courses are usually available through the college or department of arts and sciences. License holders with elementary education, middle education, special education, or reading endorsements must satisfy the 90-point requirement through reading coursework or content coursework in one of the areas listed above. Courses available through a regionally accredited college's or institution's department of education may be used to satisfy the content requirement for those license holders with endorsements in health and physical education, career and technical education, and library science education.

F. H. With prior approval of the division superintendent, the 90 points in a content area also may be satisfied through coursework taken to obtain a new teaching endorsement or coursework taken because of a particular need of a particular teacher.

G. I. The remaining 90 points may be accrued by activities drawn from one or more of the eight renewal options. Renewal work is designed to provide licensed personnel with opportunities for professional development relative to the grade levels or teaching fields to which they are assigned or for which they seek an added endorsement. Such professional development encompasses (i) responsible remediation of any area of an individual's knowledge or skills that fail to meet the standards of competency and (ii) responsible efforts to increase the individual's knowledge of new developments in his field and to respond to new curricular demands within the person's area of professional competence.

H. J. The proposed work toward renewal in certain options must be approved in advance by the chief executive officer or designee of the employing educational agency. Persons who are not employed by an educational agency may renew or reinstate their license by submitting to the Office of Professional Licensure, Department of Education, their individualized renewal record and verification of points, including official student transcripts of coursework taken at an accredited two-year or four-year college or university.

I. K. Accrual of professional development points shall be determined by criteria set forth by the Virginia Department of Education.

J. L. Persons seeking license renewal as teachers must demonstrate proficiency in the use of educational technology for instruction.

K. M. Virginia school divisions and nonpublic schools will recommend renewal of licenses using the renewal point system. The renewal recommendation must include verification of demonstrated proficiency in the use of educational technology for instruction.

L. N. Training in instructional methods tailored to promote academic progress and effective preparation for the Standards of Learning tests and end-of-grade assessments is required for licensure renewal.

M. O. If they have not already met the requirement, persons seeking licensure renewal as teachers must complete study in child abuse recognition and intervention in accordance with curriculum guidelines developed by the Board of Education in consultation with the Department of Social Services that are relevant to the specific teacher licensure routes.

Titles of Regulations: 9VAC5-10. General Definitions (amending 9VAC5-10-20) (Rev. F13).

9VAC5-170. Regulation for General Administration (amending 9VAC5-170-200) (Rev. F13).

Statutory Authority: § 10.1-1308 of the Code of Virginia.

Effective Date: August 28, 2013.

Agency Contact: Gary E. Graham, Department of Environmental Quality, 629 East Main Street, P.O. Box 1105, Richmond, VA 23218, telephone (804) 698-4103, FAX (804) 698-4510, TTY (804) 698-4021, or email gary.graham@deq.virginia.gov.

Summary:

The amendments allow documents and notifications to be delivered through postal or electronic means as required by Chapter 348 of the 2013 Acts of Assembly, which amended § 10.1-1183 of the Code of Virginia.

9VAC5-10-20. Terms defined.

"Actual emissions rate" means the actual rate of emissions of a pollutant from an emissions unit. In general actual emissions shall equal the average rate, in tons per year, at which the unit actually emitted the pollutant during the most recent two-year period or some other two-year period which is representative of normal source operation. If the board determines that no two-year period is representative of normal source operation, the board shall allow the use of an alternative period of time upon a determination by the board that it is more representative of normal source operation. Actual emissions shall be calculated using the unit's actual operating hours, production rates, and types of materials processed, stored, or combusted during the selected time period.

"Administrator" means the administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or his authorized representative.

"Affected facility" means, with reference to a stationary source, any part, equipment, facility, installation, apparatus, process or operation to which an emission standard is applicable or any other facility so designated. The term "affected facility" includes any affected source as defined in 40 CFR 63.2.

"Air pollution" means the presence in the outdoor atmosphere of one or more substances which are or may be harmful or injurious to human health, welfare or safety; to animal or plant life; or to property; or which unreasonably interfere with the enjoyment by the people of life or property.

"Air quality" means the specific measurement in the ambient air of a particular air pollutant at any given time.

"Air quality control region" means any area designated as such in 9VAC5-20-200.

"Alternative method" means any method of sampling and analyzing for an air pollutant which is not a reference or equivalent method, but which has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the board, in specific cases, to produce results adequate for its determination of compliance.

"Ambient air" means that portion of the atmosphere, external to buildings, to which the general public has access.

"Ambient air quality standard" means any primary or secondary standard designated as such in 9VAC5-30 (Ambient Air Quality Standards).

"Board" means the State Air Pollution Control Board or its designated representative.

"Certified mail" means electronically certified or postal certified mail, except that this definition shall only apply to the mailing of plan approvals, permits, or certificates issued under the provisions of these regulations and only where the recipient has notified the department of the recipient's consent to receive plan approvals, permits, or certificates by electronic mail. Any provision of these regulations requiring the use of certified mail to transmit special orders or administrative orders pursuant to enforcement proceedings shall mean postal certified mail.

"Class I area" means any prevention of significant deterioration area (i) in which virtually any deterioration of existing air quality is considered significant and (ii) designated as such in 9VAC5-20-205.

"Class II area" means any prevention of significant deterioration area (i) in which any deterioration of existing air quality beyond that normally accompanying well-controlled growth is considered significant and (ii) designated as such in 9VAC5-20-205.

"Class III area" means any prevention of significant deterioration area (i) in which deterioration of existing air quality to the levels of the ambient air quality standards is permitted and (ii) designated as such in 9VAC5-20-205.

"Continuous monitoring system" means the total equipment used to sample and condition (if applicable), to analyze, and to provide a permanent continuous record of emissions or process parameters.

"Control program" means a plan formulated by the owner of a stationary source to establish pollution abatement goals, including a compliance schedule to achieve such goals. The plan may be submitted voluntarily, or upon request or by order of the board, to ensure compliance by the owner with standards, policies and regulations adopted by the board. The plan shall include system and equipment information and operating performance projections as required by the board for evaluating the probability of achievement. A control program shall contain the following increments of progress:

1. The date by which contracts for emission control system or process modifications are to be awarded, or the date by which orders are to be issued for the purchase of component parts to accomplish emission control or process modification.

2. The date by which the on-site construction or installation of emission control equipment or process change is to be initiated.

3. The date by which the on-site construction or installation of emission control equipment or process modification is to be completed.

4. The date by which final compliance is to be achieved.

"Criteria pollutant" means any pollutant for which an ambient air quality standard is established under 9VAC5-30 (Ambient Air Quality Standards).

"Day" means a 24-hour period beginning at midnight.

"Delayed compliance order" means any order of the board issued after an appropriate hearing to an owner which postpones the date by which a stationary source is required to comply with any requirement contained in the applicable implementation plan.

"Department" means any employee or other representative of the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, as designated by the director.

"Director" or "executive director" means the director of the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality or a designated representative.

"Dispersion technique"

1. Means any technique which attempts to affect the concentration of a pollutant in the ambient air by:

a. Using that portion of a stack which exceeds good engineering practice stack height;

b. Varying the rate of emission of a pollutant according to atmospheric conditions or ambient concentrations of that pollutant; or

c. Increasing final exhaust gas plume rise by manipulating source process parameters, exhaust gas parameters, stack parameters, or combining exhaust gases from several existing stacks into one stack; or other selective handling of exhaust gas streams so as to increase the exhaust gas plume rise.

2. The preceding sentence does not include:

a. The reheating of a gas stream, following use of a pollution control system, for the purpose of returning the gas to the temperature at which it was originally discharged from the facility generating the gas stream;

b. The merging of exhaust gas streams where:

(1) The owner demonstrates that the facility was originally designed and constructed with such merged gas streams;

(2) After July 8, 1985, such merging is part of a change in operation at the facility that includes the installation of pollution controls and is accompanied by a net reduction in the allowable emissions of a pollutant. This exclusion from the definition of "dispersion techniques" shall apply only to the emissions limitation for the pollutant affected by such change in operation; or

(3) Before July 8, 1985, such merging was part of a change in operation at the facility that included the installation of emissions control equipment or was carried out for sound economic or engineering reasons. Where there was an increase in the emissions limitation or, in the event that no emissions limitation was in existence prior to the merging, an increase in the quantity of pollutants actually emitted prior to the merging, the board shall presume that merging was significantly motivated by an intent to gain emissions credit for greater dispersion. Absent a demonstration by the owner that merging was not significantly motivated by such intent, the board shall deny credit for the effects of such merging in calculating the allowable emissions for the source;

c. Smoke management in agricultural or silvicultural prescribed burning programs;

d. Episodic restrictions on residential woodburning and open burning; or

e. Techniques under subdivision 1 c of this definition which increase final exhaust gas plume rise where the resulting allowable emissions of sulfur dioxide from the facility do not exceed 5,000 tons per year.

"Emergency" means a situation that immediately and unreasonably affects, or has the potential to immediately and unreasonably affect, public health, safety or welfare; the health of animal or plant life; or property, whether used for recreational, commercial, industrial, agricultural or other reasonable use.

"Emissions limitation" means any requirement established by the board which limits the quantity, rate, or concentration of continuous emissions of air pollutants, including any requirements which limit the level of opacity, prescribe equipment, set fuel specifications, or prescribe operation or maintenance procedures to assure continuous emission reduction.

"Emission standard" means any provision of 9VAC5-40 (Existing Stationary Sources), 9VAC5-50 (New and Modified Stationary Sources), or 9VAC5-60 (Hazardous Air Pollutant Sources) that prescribes an emissions limitation, or other requirements that control air pollution emissions.

"Emissions unit" means any part of a stationary source which emits or would have the potential to emit any air pollutant.

"Equivalent method" means any method of sampling and analyzing for an air pollutant which has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the board to have a consistent and quantitative relationship to the reference method under specified conditions.

"EPA" means the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or an authorized representative.

"Excess emissions" means emissions of air pollutant in excess of an emission standard.

"Excessive concentration" is defined for the purpose of determining good engineering practice (GEP) stack height under subdivision 3 of the GEP definition and means:

1. For sources seeking credit for stack height exceeding that established under subdivision 2 of the GEP definition, a maximum ground-level concentration due to emissions from a stack due in whole or part to downwash, wakes, and eddy effects produced by nearby structures or nearby terrain features which individually is at least 40% in excess of the maximum concentration experienced in the absence of such downwash, wakes, or eddy effects and which contributes to a total concentration due to emissions from all sources that is greater than an ambient air quality standard. For sources subject to the provisions of Article 8 (9VAC5-80-1605 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources), an excessive concentration alternatively means a maximum ground-level concentration due to emissions from a stack due in whole or part to downwash, wakes, or eddy effects produced by nearby structures or nearby terrain features which individually is at least 40% in excess of the maximum concentration experienced in the absence of the maximum concentration experienced in the absence of such downwash, wakes, or eddy effects and greater than a prevention of significant deterioration increment. The allowable emission rate to be used in making demonstrations under this provision shall be prescribed by the new source performance standard that is applicable to the source category unless the owner demonstrates that this emission rate is infeasible. Where such demonstrations are approved by the board, an alternative emission rate shall be established in consultation with the owner;

2. For sources seeking credit after October 11, 1983, for increases in existing stack heights up to the heights established under subdivision 2 of the GEP definition, either (i) a maximum ground-level concentration due in whole or part to downwash, wakes or eddy effects as provided in subdivision 1 of this definition, except that the emission rate specified by any applicable implementation plan (or, in the absence of such a limit, the actual emission rate) shall be used, or (ii) the actual presence of a local nuisance caused by the existing stack, as determined by the board; and

3. For sources seeking credit after January 12, 1979, for a stack height determined under subdivision 2 of the GEP definition where the board requires the use of a field study or fluid model to verify GEP stack height, for sources seeking stack height credit after November 9, 1984, based on the aerodynamic influence of cooling towers, and for sources seeking stack height credit after December 31, 1970, based on the aerodynamic influence of structures not adequately represented by the equations in subdivision 2 of the GEP definition, a maximum ground-level concentration due in whole or part to downwash, wakes or eddy effects that is at least 40% in excess of the maximum concentration experienced in the absence of such downwash, wakes, or eddy effects.

"Existing source" means any stationary source other than a new source or modified source.

"Facility" means something that is built, installed or established to serve a particular purpose; includes, but is not limited to, buildings, installations, public works, businesses, commercial and industrial plants, shops and stores, heating and power plants, apparatus, processes, operations, structures, and equipment of all types.

"Federal Clean Air Act" means Chapter 85 (§ 7401 et seq.) of Title 42 of the United States Code.

"Federally enforceable" means all limitations and conditions which are enforceable by the administrator and citizens under the federal Clean Air Act or that are enforceable under other statutes administered by the administrator. Federally enforceable limitations and conditions include, but are not limited to, the following:

1. Emission standards, alternative emission standards, alternative emissions limitations, and equivalent emissions limitations established pursuant to § 112 of the federal Clean Air Act as amended in 1990.

2. New source performance standards established pursuant to § 111 of the federal Clean Air Act, and emission standards established pursuant to § 112 of the federal Clean Air Act before it was amended in 1990.

3. All terms and conditions in a federal operating permit, including any provisions that limit a source's potential to emit, unless expressly designated as not federally enforceable.

4. Limitations and conditions that are part of an implementation plan.

5. Limitations and conditions that are part of a section 111(d) or section 111(d)/129 plan.

6. Limitations and conditions that are part of a federal construction permit issued under 40 CFR 52.21 or any construction permit issued under regulations approved by EPA in accordance with 40 CFR Part 51.

7. Limitations and conditions that are part of an operating permit issued pursuant to a program approved by EPA into an implementation plan as meeting EPA's minimum criteria for federal enforceability, including adequate notice and opportunity for EPA and public comment prior to issuance of the final permit and practicable enforceability.

8. Limitations and conditions in a Virginia regulation or program that has been approved by EPA under subpart E of 40 CFR Part 63 for the purposes of implementing and enforcing § 112 of the federal Clean Air Act.

9. Individual consent agreements issued pursuant to the legal authority of EPA.

"Good engineering practice" or "GEP," with reference to the height of the stack, means the greater of:

1. 65 meters, measured from the ground-level elevation at the base of the stack;

2. a. For stacks in existence on January 12, 1979, and for which the owner had obtained all applicable permits or approvals required under 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources),

Hg = 2.5H,

provided the owner produces evidence that this equation was actually relied on in establishing an emissions limitation;

b. For all other stacks,

Hg = H + 1.5L,

where:

Hg = good engineering practice stack height, measured from the ground-level elevation at the base of the stack,

H = height of nearby structure(s) measured from the ground-level elevation at the base of the stack,

L = lesser dimension, height or projected width, of nearby structure(s) provided that the board may require the use of a field study or fluid model to verify GEP stack height for the source; or

3. The height demonstrated by a fluid model or a field study approved by the board, which ensures that the emissions from a stack do not result in excessive concentrations of any air pollutant as a result of atmospheric downwash, wakes, or eddy effects created by the source itself, nearby structures or nearby terrain features.

"Hazardous air pollutant" means an air pollutant to which no ambient air quality standard is applicable and which in the judgment of the administrator causes, or contributes to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to result in an increase in mortality or an increase in serious irreversible, or incapacitating reversible, illness.

"Implementation plan" means the portion or portions of the state implementation plan, or the most recent revision thereof, which has been approved under § 110 of the federal Clean Air Act, or promulgated under § 110(c) of the federal Clean Air Act, or promulgated or approved pursuant to regulations promulgated under § 301(d) of the federal Clean Air Act and which implements the relevant requirements of the federal Clean Air Act.

"Initial emission test" means the test required by any regulation, permit issued pursuant to 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources), control program, compliance schedule or other enforceable mechanism for determining compliance with new or more stringent emission standards or permit limitations or other emissions limitations requiring the installation or modification of air pollution control equipment or implementation of a control method. Initial emission tests shall be conducted in accordance with 9VAC5-40-30.

"Initial performance test" means the test required by (i) 40 CFR Part 60 for determining compliance with standards of performance, or (ii) a permit issued pursuant to 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources) for determining initial compliance with permit limitations. Initial performance tests shall be conducted in accordance with 9VAC5-50-30 and 9VAC5-60-30.

"Isokinetic sampling" means sampling in which the linear velocity of the gas entering the sampling nozzle is equal to that of the undisturbed gas stream at the sample point.

"Locality" means a city, town, county or other public body created by or pursuant to state law.

"Mail" means electronic or postal delivery.

"Maintenance area" means any geographic region of the United States previously designated as a nonattainment area and subsequently redesignated to attainment subject to the requirement to develop a maintenance plan and designated as such in 9VAC5-20-203.

"Malfunction" means any sudden failure of air pollution control equipment, of process equipment, or of a process to operate in a normal or usual manner, which failure is not due to intentional misconduct or negligent conduct on the part of the owner or other person. Failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions.

"Monitoring device" means the total equipment used to measure and record (if applicable) process parameters.

"Nearby" as used in the definition of good engineering practice (GEP) is defined for a specific structure or terrain feature and:

1. For purposes of applying the formulae provided in subdivision 2 of the GEP definition means that distance up to five times the lesser of the height or the width dimension of a structure, but not greater than 0.8 km (1/2 mile); and

2. For conducting demonstrations under subdivision 3 of the GEP definition means not greater than 0.8 km (1/2 mile), except that the portion of a terrain feature may be considered to be nearby which falls within a distance of up to 10 times the maximum height (Ht) of the feature, not to exceed two miles if such feature achieves a height (Ht) 0.8 km from the stack that is at least 40% of the GEP stack height determined by the formulae provided in subdivision 2 b of the GEP definition or 26 meters, whichever is greater, as measured from the ground-level elevation at the base of the stack. The height of the structure or terrain feature is measured from the ground-level elevation at the base of the stack.

"Nitrogen oxides" means all oxides of nitrogen except nitrous oxide, as measured by test methods set forth in 40 CFR Part 60.

"Nonattainment area" means any area which is shown by air quality monitoring data or, where such data are not available, which is calculated by air quality modeling (or other methods determined by the board to be reliable) to exceed the levels allowed by the ambient air quality standard for a given pollutant including, but not limited to, areas designated as such in 9VAC5-20-204.

"One hour" means any period of 60 consecutive minutes.

"One-hour period" means any period of 60 consecutive minutes commencing on the hour.

"Organic compound" means any chemical compound of carbon excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic disulfide, carbonic acid, metallic carbides, metallic carbonates and ammonium carbonate.

"Owner" means any person, including bodies politic and corporate, associations, partnerships, personal representatives, trustees and committees, as well as individuals, who owns, leases, operates, controls or supervises a source.

"Particulate matter" means any airborne finely divided solid or liquid material with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 100 micrometers.

"Particulate matter emissions" means all finely divided solid or liquid material, other than uncombined water, emitted to the ambient air as measured by the applicable reference method, or an equivalent or alternative method.

"PM₁₀" means particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 10 micrometers as measured by the applicable reference method or an equivalent method.

"PM₁₀ emissions" means finely divided solid or liquid material, with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 10 micrometers emitted to the ambient air as measured by the applicable reference method, or an equivalent or alternative method.

"Performance test" means a test for determining emissions from new or modified sources.

"Person" means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, a governmental body, a municipal corporation, or any other legal entity.

"Pollutant" means any substance the presence of which in the outdoor atmosphere is or may be harmful or injurious to human health, welfare or safety, to animal or plant life, or to property, or which unreasonably interferes with the enjoyment by the people of life or property.

"Potential to emit" means the maximum capacity of a stationary source to emit a pollutant under its physical and operational design. Any physical or operational limitation on the capacity of the source to emit a pollutant, including air pollution control equipment, and restrictions on hours of operation or on the type or amount of material combusted, stored, or processed, shall be treated as part of its design only if the limitation or its effect on emissions is state and federally enforceable.

"Prevention of significant deterioration area" means any area not designated as a nonattainment area in 9VAC5-20-204 for a particular pollutant and designated as such in 9VAC5-20-205.

"Proportional sampling" means sampling at a rate that produces a constant ratio of sampling rate to stack gas flow rate.

"Public hearing" means, unless indicated otherwise, an informal proceeding, similar to that provided for in § 2.2-4007.02 of the Administrative Process Act, held to afford persons an opportunity to submit views and data relative to a matter on which a decision of the board is pending.

"Reference method" means any method of sampling and analyzing for an air pollutant as described in the following EPA regulations:

1. For ambient air quality standards in 9VAC5-30 (Ambient Air Quality Standards): The applicable appendix of 40 CFR Part 50 or any method that has been designated as a reference method in accordance with 40 CFR Part 53, except that it does not include a method for which a reference designation has been canceled in accordance with 40 CFR 53.11 or 40 CFR 53.16.

2. For emission standards in 9VAC5-40 (Existing Stationary Sources) and 9VAC5-50 (New and Modified Stationary Sources): Appendix M of 40 CFR Part 51 or Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 60.

3. For emission standards in 9VAC5-60 (Hazardous Air Pollutant Sources): Appendix B of 40 CFR Part 61 or Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 63.

"Regional director" means the regional director of an administrative region of the Department of Environmental Quality or a designated representative.

"Regulation of the board" means any regulation adopted by the State Air Pollution Control Board under any provision of the Code of Virginia.

"Regulations for the Control and Abatement of Air Pollution" means 9VAC5-10 (General Definitions) through 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources).

"Reid vapor pressure" means the absolute vapor pressure of volatile crude oil and volatile nonviscous petroleum liquids except liquefied petroleum gases as determined by American Society for Testing and Materials publication, "Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)" (see 9VAC5-20-21).

"Run" means the net period of time during which an emission sample is collected. Unless otherwise specified, a run may be either intermittent or continuous within the limits of good engineering practice.

"Section 111(d) plan" means the portion or portions of the plan, or the most recent revision thereof, which has been approved under 40 CFR 60.27(b) in accordance with § 111(d)(1) of the federal Clean Air Act, or promulgated under 40 CFR 60.27(d) in accordance with § 111 (d)(2) of the federal Clean Air Act, and which implements the relevant requirements of the federal Clean Air Act.

"Section 111(d)/129 plan" means the portion or portions of the plan, or the most recent revision thereof, which has been approved under 40 CFR 60.27(b) in accordance with §§ 111(d)(1) and 129(b)(2) of the federal Clean Air Act, or promulgated under 40 CFR 60.27(d) in accordance with §§ 111(d)(2) and 129(b)(3) of the federal Clean Air Act, and which implements the relevant requirements of the federal Clean Air Act.

"Shutdown" means the cessation of operation of an affected facility for any purpose.

"Source" means any one or combination of the following: buildings, structures, facilities, installations, articles, machines, equipment, landcraft, watercraft, aircraft or other contrivances which contribute, or may contribute, either directly or indirectly to air pollution. Any activity by any person that contributes, or may contribute, either directly or indirectly to air pollution, including, but not limited to, open burning, generation of fugitive dust or emissions, and cleaning with abrasives or chemicals.

"Stack" means any point in a source designed to emit solids, liquids or gases into the air, including a pipe or duct, but not including flares.

"Stack in existence" means that the owner had:

1. Begun, or caused to begin, a continuous program of physical on site construction of the stack; or

2. Entered into binding agreements or contractual obligations, which could not be canceled or modified without substantial loss to the owner, to undertake a program of construction of the stack to be completed in a reasonable time.

"Standard conditions" means a temperature of 20°C (68°F) and a pressure of 760 mm of Hg (29.92 inches of Hg).

"Standard of performance" means any provision of 9VAC5-50 (New and Modified Stationary Sources) which prescribes an emissions limitation or other requirements that control air pollution emissions.

"Startup" means the setting in operation of an affected facility for any purpose.

"State enforceable" means all limitations and conditions which are enforceable by the board or department, including, but not limited to, those requirements developed pursuant to 9VAC5-20-110; requirements within any applicable regulation, order, consent agreement or variance; and any permit requirements established pursuant to 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources).

"State Implementation Plan" means the plan, including the most recent revision thereof, which has been approved or promulgated by the administrator, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, under § 110 of the federal Clean Air Act, and which implements the requirements of § 110.

"Stationary source" means any building, structure, facility or installation which emits or may emit any air pollutant. A stationary source shall include all of the pollutant-emitting activities which belong to the same industrial grouping, are located on one or more contiguous or adjacent properties, and are under the control of the same person (or persons under common control) except the activities of any vessel. Pollutant-emitting activities shall be considered as part of the same industrial grouping if they belong to the same "Major Group" (i.e., which have the same two-digit code) as described in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (see 9VAC5-20-21).

"These regulations" means 9VAC5-10 (General Definitions) through 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources).

"Total suspended particulate (TSP)" means particulate matter as measured by the reference method described in Appendix B of 40 CFR Part 50.

"True vapor pressure" means the equilibrium partial pressure exerted by a petroleum liquid as determined in accordance with methods described in American Petroleum Institute (API) publication, "Evaporative Loss from External Floating-Roof Tanks" (see 9VAC5-20-21). The API procedure may not be applicable to some high viscosity or high pour crudes. Available estimates of true vapor pressure may be used in special cases such as these.

"Urban area" means any area consisting of a core city with a population of 50,000 or more plus any surrounding localities with a population density of 80 persons per square mile and designated as such in 9VAC5-20-201.

"Vapor pressure," except where specific test methods are specified, means true vapor pressure, whether measured directly, or determined from Reid vapor pressure by use of the applicable nomograph in American Petroleum Institute publication, "Evaporative Loss from Floating-Roof Tanks" (see 9VAC5-20-21).

"Virginia Air Pollution Control Law" means Chapter 13 (§ 10.1-1300 et seq.) of Title 10.1 of the Code of Virginia.

"Volatile organic compound" means any compound of carbon, excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, metallic carbides or carbonates, and ammonium carbonate, which participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions.

1. This includes any such organic compounds which have been determined to have negligible photochemical reactivity other than the following:

a. Methane;

b. Ethane;

c. Methylene chloride (dichloromethane);

d. 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform);

e. 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (CFC-113);

f. Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11);

g. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12);

h. Chlorodifluoromethane (H CFC-22);

i. Trifluoromethane (H FC-23);

j. 1,2-dichloro 1,1,2,2,-tetrafluoroethane (CFC-114);

k. Chloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115);

l. 1,1,1-trifluoro 2,2-dichloroethane (HCFC-123);

m. 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a);

n. 1,1-dichloro 1-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b);

o. 1-chloro 1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b);

p. 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HCFC-124);

q. Pentafluoroethane (HFC-125);

r. 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134);

s. 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC-143a);

t. 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a);

u. Parachlorobenzotrifluoride (PCBTF);

v. Cyclic, branched, or linear completely methylated siloxanes;

w. Acetone;

x. Perchloroethylene (tetrachloroethylene);

y. 3,3-dichloro-1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane (HCFC-225ca);

z. 1,3-dichloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane (HCFC-225cb);

aa. 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane (HFC 43-10mee);

bb. Difluoromethane (HFC-32);

cc. Ethylfluoride (HFC-161);

dd. 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236fa);

ee. 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245ca);

ff. 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245ea);

gg. 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245eb);

hh. 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa);

ii. 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236ea);

jj. 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc);

kk. Chlorofluoromethane (HCFC-31);

ll. 1 chloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-151a);

mm. 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a);

nn. 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-nonafluoro-4-methoxy-butane (C₄F₉OCH₃ or HFE-7100);

oo. 2-(difluoromethoxymethyl)-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-hepta-fluoropropane ((CF₃)₂CFCF₂ OCH₃);

pp. 1-ethoxy-1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane (C₄F₉ OC₂H₅ or HFE-7200);

qq. 2-(ethoxydifluoromethyl)-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-hepta-fluoropropane ((CF₃)₂CFCF₂OC₂H₅);

rr. Methyl acetate; ss. 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-methoxy-propane (n-C₃F₇OCH₃) (HFE-7000);

tt. 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl) hexane (HFE-7500);

uu. 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC 227ea);

vv. methyl formate (HCOOCH₃);

ww. (1) 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-trifluoromethyl-pentane (HFE-7300);

xx. propylene carbonate;

yy. dimethyl carbonate; and

zz. Perfluorocarbon compounds which fall into these classes:

(1) Cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated alkanes;

(2) Cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated ethers with no unsaturations;

(3) Cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated tertiary amines with no unsaturations; and

(4) Sulfur containing perfluorocarbons with no unsaturations and with sulfur bonds only to carbon and fluorine.

2. For purposes of determining compliance with emissions standards, volatile organic compounds shall be measured by the appropriate reference method in accordance with the provisions of 9VAC5-40-30 or 9VAC5-50-30, as applicable. Where such a method also measures compounds with negligible photochemical reactivity, these negligibly reactive compounds may be excluded as a volatile organic compound if the amount of such compounds is accurately quantified, and such exclusion is approved by the board.

3. As a precondition to excluding these compounds as volatile organic compounds or at any time thereafter, the board may require an owner to provide monitoring or testing methods and results demonstrating, to the satisfaction of the board, the amount of negligibly reactive compounds in the emissions of the source.

4. Exclusion of the above compounds in this definition in effect exempts such compounds from the provisions of emission standards for volatile organic compounds. The compounds are exempted on the basis of being so inactive that they will not contribute significantly to the formation of ozone in the troposphere. However, this exemption does not extend to other properties of the exempted compounds which, at some future date, may require regulation and limitation of their use in accordance with requirements of the federal Clean Air Act.

5. The following compound is a VOC for purposes of all recordkeeping, emissions reporting, photochemical dispersion modeling and inventory requirements that apply to VOCs and shall be uniquely identified in emission reports, but is not a VOC for purposes of VOC emission standards, VOC emissions limitations, or VOC content requirements: t-butyl acetate.

"Welfare" means that language referring to effects on welfare includes, but is not limited to, effects on soils, water, crops, vegetation, man-made materials, animals, wildlife, weather, visibility and climate, damage to and deterioration of property, and hazards to transportation, as well as effects on economic values and on personal comfort and well-being.

9VAC5-170-200. Appeal procedures.

A. An owner or other party significantly affected by an action of the board taken without a formal hearing, or by inaction of the board, may request a formal hearing in accordance with § 2.2-4020 of the Administrative Process Act, provided a petition requesting a formal hearing is filed with the board. In cases involving actions of the board, the petition shall be filed within 30 days after notice of the action is mailed, by postal or electronic delivery, or delivered to the owner or party requesting notification of the action.

B. Prior to a formal hearing, an informal fact finding shall be held pursuant to § 2.2-4019 of the Administrative Process Act unless waived by the named party and the board.

C. A decision of the board resulting from a formal hearing shall constitute the final decision of the board.

D. Judicial review of a final decision of the board shall be afforded in accordance with § 10.1-1318 of the Virginia Air Pollution Control Law and § 2.2-4026 of the Administrative Process Act.

E. Nothing in this section shall prevent disposition of a case by consent.

F. A petition for a formal hearing or a notice or petition for an appeal by itself shall not constitute a stay of decision or action.

G. A party significantly affected by a decision of the director may request that the board exercise its authority for direct consideration of the issue. The request shall be filed within 30 days after the decision is rendered and shall contain reasons for the request.

H. The submittal of the request by itself shall not constitute a stay of decision. A stay of decision shall be sought through appropriate legal channels.

I. The director has final authority to adjudicate contested decisions of subordinates delegated powers by the director prior to appeal of decisions to the circuit court or consideration by the board.

Titles of Regulations: 9VAC5-20. General Provisions (amending 9VAC5-20-21) (Rev. E13).

9VAC5-40. Existing Stationary Sources (amending 9VAC5-40-6250, 9VAC5-40-6260, 9VAC5-40-6270, 9VAC5-40-6370 through 9VAC5-40-6490, 9VAC5-40-6510; adding 9VAC5-40-6520; repealing 9VAC5-40-6280 through 9VAC5-40-6350, 9VAC5-40-6421, 9VAC5-40-6422) (Rev. E13).

Statutory Authority: § 10.1-1308 of the Code of Virginia; federal Clean Air Act (§§ 110, 111, 123, 129, 171, 172, and 182); 40 CFR Parts 51 and 60.

Effective Date: August 28, 2013.

Agency Contact: Karen G. Sabasteanski, Department of Environmental Quality, 629 East Main Street, P.O. Box 1105, Richmond, VA 23218, telephone (804) 698-4426, FAX (804) 698-4510, TTY (804) 698-4021, or email karen.sabasteanski@deq.virginia.gov.

Summary:

Designated pollutants are pollutants for which new source performance standards have been established under § 111(b) of the federal Clean Air Act (Act). A designated facility is an existing facility that emits a designated pollutant and that would be subject to a standard of performance for that pollutant if the facility were new. The Act requires the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish procedures for states to submit plans to control facilities that emit designated pollutants. Section 129 of the Act requires that EPA establish performance standards and other requirements pursuant to §§ 111 and 129 of the Act for each category of solid waste incineration units. Such standards include emissions limitations and other requirements applicable to new units and guidelines and other requirements applicable to existing units. It also requires states to submit plans for these sources. Subpart B provides that EPA will publish guideline documents for development of state emission standards after promulgation of any standard of performance for designated pollutants. EPA amended its emission guidelines for commercial/industrial solid waste incinerators in the Federal Register on February 7, 2013 (78 FR 9112). In order to implement the emissions guidelines, it is necessary for Virginia to amend its state regulation containing those limits.

9VAC5-20-21. Documents incorporated by reference.

A. The Administrative Process Act and Virginia Register Act provide that state regulations may incorporate documents by reference. Throughout these regulations, documents of the types specified below have been incorporated by reference.

1. United States Code.

2. Code of Virginia.

3. Code of Federal Regulations.

4. Federal Register.

5. Technical and scientific reference documents.

Additional information on key federal regulations and nonstatutory documents incorporated by reference and their availability may be found in subsection E of this section.

B. Any reference in these regulations to any provision of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) shall be considered as the adoption by reference of that provision. The specific version of the provision adopted by reference shall be that contained in the CFR (2012) (2013) in effect July 1, 2012 2013. In making reference to the Code of Federal Regulations, 40 CFR Part 35 means Part 35 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations; 40 CFR 35.20 means § 35.20 in Part 35 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations.

C. Failure to include in this section any document referenced in the regulations shall not invalidate the applicability of the referenced document.

D. Copies of materials incorporated by reference in this section may be examined by the public at the central office of the Department of Environmental Quality, Eighth Floor, 629 East Main Street, Richmond, Virginia, between 8:30 a.m. and 4:30 p.m. of each business day.

E. Information on federal regulations and nonstatutory documents incorporated by reference and their availability may be found below in this subsection.

1. Code of Federal Regulations.

a. The provisions specified below from the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) are incorporated herein by reference.

(1) 40 CFR Part 50 -- National Primary and Secondary Ambient Air Quality Standards.

(a) Appendix A-1 -- Reference Measurement Principle and Calibration Procedure for the Measurement of Sulfur Dioxide in the Atmosphere (Ultraviolet Fluorescence Method).

(b) Appendix A-2 -- Reference Method for the Determination of Sulfur Dioxide in the Atmosphere (Pararosaniline Method).

(c) Appendix B -- Reference Method for the Determination of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Atmosphere (High-Volume Method).

(d) Appendix C -- Measurement Principle and Calibration Procedure for the Continuous Measurement of Carbon Monoxide in the Atmosphere (Non-Dispersive Infrared Photometry).

(e) Appendix D -- Measurement Principle and Calibration Procedure for the Measurement of Ozone in the Atmosphere.

(f) Appendix E -- Reserved.

(g) Appendix F -- Measurement Principle and Calibration Procedure for the Measurement of Nitrogen Dioxide in the Atmosphere (Gas Phase Chemiluminescence).

(h) Appendix G -- Reference Method for the Determination of Lead in Suspended Particulate Matter Collected from Ambient Air.

(i) Appendix H -- Interpretation of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Ozone.

(j) Appendix I -- Interpretation of the 8-Hour Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Ozone.

(k) Appendix J -- Reference Method for the Determination of Particulate Matter as PM₁₀ in the Atmosphere.

(l) Appendix K -- Interpretation of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Particulate Matter.

(m) Appendix L -- Reference Method for the Determination of Fine Particulate Matter as PM_2.5 in the Atmosphere.

(n) Appendix M -- Reserved.

(o) Appendix N -- Interpretation of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for PM_2.5.

(p) Appendix O -- Reference Method for the Determination of Coarse Particulate Matter as PM in the Atmosphere.

(q) Appendix P -- Interpretation of the Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Ozone.

(r) Appendix Q -- Reference Method for the Determination of Lead in Suspended Particulate Matter as PM₁₀ Collected from Ambient Air.

(s) Appendix R -- Interpretation of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Lead.

(t) Appendix S -- Interpretation of the Primary National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Oxides of Nitrogen (Nitrogen Dioxide).

(u) Appendix T -- Interpretation of the Primary National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Oxides of Sulfur (Sulfur Dioxide).

(2) 40 CFR Part 51 -- Requirements for Preparation, Adoption, and Submittal of Implementation Plans.

(a) Appendix M -- Recommended Test Methods for State Implementation Plans.

(b) Appendix S -- Emission Offset Interpretive Ruling.

(c) Appendix W -- Guideline on Air Quality Models (Revised).

(d) Appendix Y -- Guidelines for BART Determinations Under the Regional Haze Rule.

(3) 40 CFR Part 55 -- Outer Continental Shelf Air Regulations.

(4) 40 CFR Part 58 -- Ambient Air Quality Surveillance.

Appendix A -- Quality Assurance Requirements for SLAMS, SPMs and PSD Air Monitoring.

(5) 40 CFR Part 59 -- National Volatile Organic Compound Emission Standards for Consumer and Commercial Products.

(a) Subpart C -- National Volatile Organic Compound Emission Standards for Consumer Products.

(b) Subpart D -- National Volatile Organic Compound Emission Standards for Architectural Coatings, Appendix A -- Determination of Volatile Matter Content of Methacrylate Multicomponent Coatings Used as Traffic Marking Coatings.

(6) 40 CFR Part 60 -- Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources.

The specific provisions of 40 CFR Part 60 incorporated by reference are found in Article 5 (9VAC5-50-400 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5-50 (New and Modified Sources).

(7) 40 CFR Part 61 -- National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants.

The specific provisions of 40 CFR Part 61 incorporated by reference are found in Article 1 (9VAC5-60-60 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5-60 (Hazardous Air Pollutant Sources).

(8) 40 CFR Part 63 -- National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Source Categories.

The specific provisions of 40 CFR Part 63 incorporated by reference are found in Article 2 (9VAC5-60-90 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5-60 (Hazardous Air Pollutant Sources).

(9) 40 CFR Part 64 -- Compliance Assurance Monitoring.

(10) 40 CFR Part 72 -- Permits Regulation.

(11) 40 CFR Part 73 -- Sulfur Dioxide Allowance System.

(12) 40 CFR Part 74 -- Sulfur Dioxide Opt-Ins.

(13) 40 CFR Part 75 -- Continuous Emission Monitoring.

(14) 40 CFR Part 76 -- Acid Rain Nitrogen Oxides Emission Reduction Program.

(15) 40 CFR Part 77 -- Excess Emissions.

(16) 40 CFR Part 78 -- Appeal Procedures for Acid Rain Program.

(17) 40 CFR Part 152 Subpart I -- Classification of Pesticides.

(18) 49 CFR Part 172 -- Hazardous Materials Table. Special Provisions, Hazardous Materials Communications, Emergency Response Information, and Training Requirements, Subpart E, Labeling.

(19) 29 CFR Part 1926 Subpart F -- Fire Protection and Prevention.

b. Copies may be obtained from: Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15250-7954; phone (202) 783-3238.

2. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

a. The following documents from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency are incorporated herein by reference:

(1) Reich Test, Atmospheric Emissions from Sulfuric Acid Manufacturing Processes, Public Health Service Publication No. PB82250721, 1980.

(2) Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors (AP-42). Volume I: Stationary and Area Sources, stock number 055-000-00500-1, 1995; Supplement A, stock number 055-000-00551-6, 1996; Supplement B, stock number 055-000-00565, 1997; Supplement C, stock number 055-000-00587-7, 1997; Supplement D, 1998; Supplement E, 1999.

(3) "Guidelines for Determining Capture Efficiency" (GD-35), Emissions Monitoring and Analysis Division, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, January 9, 1995.

b. Copies of the document identified in subdivision E 2 a (1) of this subdivision, and Volume I and Supplements A through C of the document identified in subdivision E 2 a (2) of this subdivision, may be obtained from: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161; phone 1-800-553-6847. Copies of Supplements D and E of the document identified in subdivision E 2 a (2) of this subdivision may be obtained online from EPA's Technology Transfer Network at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/index.html. Copies of the document identified in subdivision E 2 a (3) of this subdivision are only available online from EPA's Technology Transfer Network at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/emc/guidlnd.html.

3. U.S. government.

a. The following document from the U.S. government is incorporated herein by reference: Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987 (U.S. Government Printing Office stock number 041-001-00-314-2).

b. Copies may be obtained from: Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15250-7954; phone (202) 512-1800.

4. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).

a. The documents specified below from the American Society for Testing and Materials are incorporated herein by reference.

(1) D323-99a, "Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)."

(2) D97-96a, "Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products."

(3) D129-00, "Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (General Bomb Method)."

(4) D388-99, "Standard Classification of Coals by Rank."

(5) D396-98, "Standard Specification for Fuel Oils."

(6) D975-98b, "Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils."

(7) D1072-90(1999), "Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in Fuel Gases."

(8) D1265-97, "Standard Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (Manual Method)."

(9) D2622-98, "Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry."

(10) D4057-95(2000), "Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products."

(11) D4294-98, "Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy."

(12) D523-89, "Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss" (1999).

(13) D1613-02, "Standard Test Method for Acidity in Volatile Solvents and Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer and Related Products" (2002).

(14) D1640-95, "Standard Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formation of Organic Coatings at Room Temperature" (1999).

(15) E119-00a, "Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction Materials" (2000).

(16) E84-01, "Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Construction Materials" (2001).

(17) D4214-98, "Standard Test Methods for Evaluating the Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paint Films" (1998).

(18) D86-04b, "Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure" (2004).

(19) D4359-90, "Standard Test Method for Determining Whether a Material is a Liquid or a Solid" (reapproved 2000).

(20) E260-96, "Standard Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography" (reapproved 2001).

(21) D3912-95, "Standard Test Method for Chemical Resistance of Coatings Used in Light-Water Nuclear Power Plants" (reapproved 2001).

(22) D4082-02, "Standard Test Method for Effects of Gamma Radiation on Coatings for Use in Light-Water Nuclear Power Plants."

(23) F852-99, "Standard Specification for Portable Gasoline Containers for Consumer Use" (reapproved 2006).

(24) F976-02, "Standard Specification for Portable Kerosine and Diesel Containers for Consumer Use."

(25) D4457-02, "Standard Test Method for Determination of Dichloromethane and 1,1,1-Trichloroethane in Paints and Coatings by Direct Injection into a Gas Chromatograph" (reapproved 2008).

(26) D3792-05, "Standard Test Method for Water Content of Coatings by Direct Injection Into a Gas Chromatograph."

(27) D2879-97, "Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure-Temperature Relationship and Initial Decomposition Temperature of Liquids by Isoteniscope" (reapproved 2007).

b. Copies may be obtained from: American Society for Testing Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428-2959; phone (610) 832-9585.

5. American Petroleum Institute (API).

a. The following document from the American Petroleum Institute is incorporated herein by reference: Evaporative Loss from Floating Roof Tanks, API MPMS Chapter 19, April 1, 1997.

b. Copies may be obtained from: American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, Northwest, Washington, D.C. 20005; phone (202) 682-8000.

6. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH).

a. The following document from the ACGIH is incorporated herein by reference: 1991-1992 Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices (ACGIH Handbook).

b. Copies may be obtained from: ACGIH, 1330 Kemper Meadow Drive, Suite 600, Cincinnati, Ohio 45240; phone (513) 742-2020.

7. National Fire Prevention Association (NFPA).

a. The documents specified below from the National Fire Prevention Association are incorporated herein by reference.

(1) NFPA 385, Standard for Tank Vehicles for Flammable and Combustible Liquids, 2000 Edition.

(2) NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, 2000 Edition.

(3) NFPA 30A, Code for Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities and Repair Garages, 2000 Edition.

b. Copies may be obtained from the National Fire Prevention Association, One Batterymarch Park, P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, Massachusetts 02269-9101; phone (617) 770-3000.

8. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).

a. The documents specified below from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers are incorporated herein by reference.

(1) ASME Power Test Codes: Test Code for Steam Generating Units, Power Test Code 4.1-1964 (R1991).

(2) ASME Interim Supplement 19.5 on Instruments and Apparatus: Application, Part II of Fluid Meters, 6th edition (1971).

(3) Standard for the Qualification and Certification of Resource Recovery Facility Operators, ASME QRO-1-1994.

b. Copies may be obtained from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Three Park Avenue, New York, New York 10016; phone (800) 843-2763.

9. American Hospital Association (AHA).

a. The following document from the American Hospital Association is incorporated herein by reference: An Ounce of Prevention: Waste Reduction Strategies for Health Care Facilities, AHA Catalog no. W5-057007, 1993.

b. Copies may be obtained from: American Hospital Association, One North Franklin, Chicago, IL 60606; phone (800) 242-2626.

10. Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD).

a. The following documents from the Bay Area Air Quality Management District are incorporated herein by reference:

(1) Method 41, "Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Solvent-Based Coatings and Related Materials Containing Parachlorobenzotrifluoride" (December 20, 1995).

(2) Method 43, "Determination of Volatile Methylsiloxanes in Solvent-Based Coatings, Inks, and Related Materials" (November 6, 1996).

b. Copies may be obtained from: Bay Area Air Quality Management District, 939 Ellis Street, San Francisco, CA 94109, phone (415) 771-6000.

11. South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD).

a. The following documents from the South Coast Air Quality Management District are incorporated herein by reference:

(1) Method 303-91, "Determination of Exempt Compounds," in Manual SSMLLABM, "Laboratory Methods of Analysis for Enforcement Samples" (1996).

(2) Method 318-95, "Determination of Weight Percent Elemental Metal in Coatings by X-Ray Diffraction," in Manual SSMLLABM, "Laboratory Methods of Analysis for Enforcement Samples" (1996).

(3) Rule 1174 Ignition Method Compliance Certification Protocol (February 28, 1991).

(4) Method 304-91, "Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in Various Materials," in Manual SSMLLABM, "Laboratory Methods of Analysis for Enforcement Samples" (1996).

(5) Method 316A-92, "Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in Materials Used for Pipes and Fittings" in Manual SSMLLABM, "Laboratory Methods of Analysis for Enforcement Samples" (1996).

(6) "General Test Method for Determining Solvent Losses from Spray Gun Cleaning Systems," October 3, 1989.

b. Copies may be obtained from: South Coast Air Quality Management District, 21865 E. Copley Drive, Diamond Bar, CA 91765, phone (909) 396-2000.

12. California Air Resources Board (CARB).

a. The following documents from the California Air Resources Board are incorporated herein by reference:

(1) Test Method 510, "Automatic Shut-Off Test Procedure for Spill-Proof Systems and Spill-Proof Spouts" (July 6, 2000).

(2) Test Method 511, "Automatic Closure Test Procedure for Spill-Proof Systems and Spill-Proof Spouts" (July 6, 2000).

(3) Method 100, "Procedures for Continuous Gaseous Emission Stack Sampling" (July 28, 1997).

(4) Test Method 513, "Determination of Permeation Rate for Spill-Proof Systems" (July 6, 2000).

(5) Method 310, "Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in Consumer Products and Reactive Organic Compounds in Aerosol Coating Products (Including Appendices A and B)" (May 5, 2005).

(6) California Code of Regulations, Title 17, Division 3, Chapter 1, Subchapter 8.5, Article 1, § 94503.5 (2003).

(7) California Code of Regulations, Title 17, Division 3, Chapter 1, Subchapter 8.5, Article 2, §§ 94509 and 94511 (2003).

(8) California Code of Regulations, Title 17, Division 3, Chapter 1, Subchapter 8.5, Article 4, §§ 94540-94555 (2003).

(9) "Certification Procedure 501 for Portable Fuel Containers and Spill-Proof Spouts, CP-501" (July 26, 2006).

(10) "Test Procedure for Determining Integrity of Spill-Proof Spouts and Spill-Proof Systems, TP-501" (July 26, 2006).

(11) "Test Procedure for Determining Diurnal Emissions from Portable Fuel Containers, TP-502" (July 26, 2006).

b. Copies may be obtained from: California Air Resources Board, P.O. Box 2815, Sacramento, CA 95812, phone (906) 322-3260 or (906) 322-2990.

13. American Architectural Manufacturers Association.

a. The following documents from the American Architectural Manufacturers Association are incorporated herein by reference:

(1) Voluntary Specification 2604-02, "Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for High Performance Organic Coatings on Aluminum Extrusions and Panels" (2002).

(2) Voluntary Specification 2605-02, "Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for Superior Performing Organic Coatings on Aluminum Extrusions and Panels" (2002).

b. Copies may be obtained from: American Architectural Manufacturers Association, 1827 Walden Office Square, Suite 550, Schaumburg, IL 60173, phone (847) 303-5664.

14. American Furniture Manufacturers Association.

a. The following document from the American Furniture Manufacturers Association is incorporated herein by reference: Joint Industry Fabrics Standards Committee, Woven and Knit Residential Upholstery Fabric Standards and Guidelines (January 2001).

b. Copies may be obtained from: American Furniture Manufacturers Association, P.O. Box HP-7, High Point, NC 27261; phone (336) 884-5000.

Article 45
Emission Standards for Commercial/Industrial Solid Waste Incinerators (Rule 4-45)

9VAC5-40-6250. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

A. Except as provided in subsections C and D of this section, the The affected facilities to which the provisions of this article apply are (i) commercial/industrial solid waste incinerator (CISWI) units that commenced construction on or before November 30, 1999, (ii) incinerators that commenced construction after November 30, 1999, but no later than June 4, 2010, or commenced modification after June 1, 2001, but no later than August 7, 2013; or (iii) CISWI units other than incinerator units that commenced construction on or before June 4, 2010, or commenced modification after June 4, 2010, but no later than August 7, 2013.

B. The provisions of this article apply throughout the Commonwealth of Virginia.

C. Exempted from the provisions of this article are the following: those units that meet the criteria listed in 40 CFR 60.2555.

1. Pathological waste incineration units burning 90% or more by weight (on a calendar quarter basis and excluding the weight of auxiliary fuel and combustion air) of any combination of pathological waste, low-level radioactive waste, or chemotherapeutic waste if the owner:

a. Notifies the board that the unit meets these criteria, and

b. Keeps records on a calendar quarter basis of the weight of pathological waste, low-level radioactive waste, or chemotherapeutic waste burned, and the weight of all other fuels and wastes burned in the unit.

2. Agricultural waste incineration units burning 90% or more by weight (on a calendar quarter basis and excluding the weight of auxiliary fuel and combustion air) of agricultural wastes if the owner:

a. Notifies the board that the unit meets these criteria, and

b. Keeps records on a calendar quarter basis of the weight of agricultural waste burned, and the weight of all other fuels and wastes burned in the unit.

3. Municipal waste combustion units that meet either of the following:

a. Are regulated under subparts Ea, Eb, or AAAA of 40 CFR Part 60 or Article 46 (9VAC5-40-6550 et seq.) or Article 54 (9VAC5-40-7950 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5 Chapter 40.

b. Burn greater than 30% municipal solid waste or refuse-derived fuel, as defined in Subparts Ea, Eb and AAAA of 40 CFR Part 60, and Article 46 (9VAC5-40-6550 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5 Chapter 40, and have the capacity to burn less than 35 tons (32 megagrams) per day of municipal solid waste or refuse-derived fuel, if the owner:

(1) Notifies the board that the unit meets these criteria, and

(2) Keeps records on a calendar quarter basis of the weight of municipal solid waste burned, and the weight of all other fuels and wastes burned in the unit.

4. Medical waste incineration units regulated under subpart Ec of 40 CFR Part 60 or Article 44 (9VAC5-40-6000 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5 Chapter 40.

5. Small power production facility units if:

a. The unit qualifies as a small power-production facility under § 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 USC § 796(17)(C));

b. The unit burns homogeneous waste (not including refuse-derived fuel) to produce electricity; and

c. The owner notifies the board that the unit meets all of these criteria.

6. Cogeneration facility units if:

a. The unit qualifies as a cogeneration facility under § 3(18)(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 USC § 796(18)(B));

b. The unit burns homogeneous waste (not including refuse-derived fuel) to produce electricity and steam or other forms of energy used for industrial, commercial, heating, or cooling purposes; and

c. The owner notifies the board that the unit meets all of these criteria.

7. Hazardous waste combustion units that are either:

a. Required to obtain a permit under § 3005 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act (42 USC § 6901 et seq.); or

b. Regulated under subpart EEE of 40 CFR Part 63.

8. Materials recovery units that combust waste for the primary purpose of recovering metals, such as primary and secondary smelters.

9. Air curtain incinerators that burn only (i) 100% wood waste, (ii) 100% clean lumber or (iii) 100% mixture of only any combination of wood waste, clean lumber, or yard waste shall meet the requirements under 9VAC5-40-6490.

10. Cyclonic barrel burners.

11. Rack, part, and drum reclamation units.

12. Cement kilns regulated under subpart LLL of 40 CFR Part 63.

13. Sewage sludge incinerator units regulated under subpart O of 40 CFR Part 60.

14. Chemical recovery units burning materials to recover chemical constituents or to produce chemical compounds where there is an existing commercial market for such recovered chemical constituents or compounds.

a. Except as provided in subdivision 14 b of this subsection, the following types of units are considered chemical recovery units.

(1) Units burning only pulping liquors (i.e., black liquor) that are reclaimed in a pulping liquor recovery process and reused in the pulping process.

(2) Units burning only spent sulfuric acid used to produce virgin sulfuric acid.

(3) Units burning only wood or coal feedstock for the production of charcoal.

(4) Units burning only manufacturing byproduct streams or residues or both containing catalyst metals that are reclaimed and reused as catalysts or used to produce commercial grade catalysts.

(5) Units burning only coke to produce purified carbon monoxide that is used as an intermediate in the production of other chemical compounds.

(6) Units burning only hydrocarbon liquids or solids to produce hydrogen, carbon monoxide, synthesis gas, or other gases for use in other manufacturing processes.

(7) Units burning only photographic film to recover silver.

b. If a chemical recovery unit is not listed in subdivision 14 a of this subsection, the owner of the unit may petition the board to add the unit to the list. The petition shall contain the following:

(1) A description of the source of the materials being burned.

(2) A description of the composition of the materials being burned, highlighting the chemical constituents in these materials that are recovered.

(3) A description (including a process flow diagram) of the process in which the materials are burned, highlighting the type, design, and operation of the equipment used in this process.

(4) A description (including a process flow diagram) of the chemical constituent recovery process, highlighting the type, design, and operation of the equipment used in this process.

(5) A description of the commercial markets for the recovered chemical constituents and their use.

(6) The composition of the recovered chemical constituents and the composition of these chemical constituents as they are bought and sold in commercial markets.

c. Until the board approves the petition, the incineration unit is subject to this article.

d. If a petition is approved, the board will amend subdivision 14 a of this subsection to add the unit to the list of chemical recovery units.

15. Laboratory analysis units that burn samples of materials for the purpose of chemical or physical analysis.

D. The provisions of this article do not apply to a CISWI unit if the owner makes changes that meet the definition of modification or reconstruction on or after June 1, 2001 August 7, 2013, at which point the CISWI unit becomes subject to subpart CCCC of 40 CFR Part 60.

E. If the owner makes physical or operational changes to an existing CISWI unit primarily to comply with this article, subpart CCCC of 40 CFR Part 60 does not apply to that unit. Such changes do not qualify as modifications or reconstructions under subpart CCCC of 40 CFR Part 60.

F. Each owner shall submit an application for a federal operating permit no later than December 1, 2003. If the unit is subject to the federal operating permit program as a result of some triggering requirements other than this article (for example, being a major source), then the unit may be required to apply for and obtain a federal operating permit prior to the deadline in this subsection. If more than one requirement triggers the requirement to apply for a federal operating permit, the 12-month timeframe for filing a permit application is triggered by the requirement that first causes the source to be subject to the federal operating permit program in accordance with the provisions of 40 CFR 60.2805. Owners to whom this section applies should contact the appropriate regional office for guidance on applying for a federal (Title V) operating permit.

G. The provisions of 40 CFR Part 60 and Part 63 cited in this article are applicable only to the extent that they are incorporated by reference in Article 5 (9VAC5-50-400 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5 Chapter 50 and Article 2 (9VAC5-60-90 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5 Chapter 60.

H. G. The requirement of subdivision C 7 of this section under 40 CFR 60.2555(g)(1) with regard to obtaining a permit under § 3005 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act (42 USC § 6901 et seq.) may be met by obtaining a permit from the department as required by 9VAC20 Chapter 60 9VAC5-60 (Virginia Hazardous Waste Management Regulations).

9VAC5-40-6260. Definitions.

A. For the purpose of applying this article in the context of the Regulations for the Control and Abatement of Air Pollution and related uses, the words or terms shall have the meanings given them in subsection C of this section.

B. As used in this article, all terms not defined herein shall have the meanings given them in 9VAC5 Chapter 10 9VAC5-10 (General Definitions), unless otherwise required by context.

C. Terms defined. Terms shall have the meaning given them in 40 CFR 60.2875, except for the following:

"Administrator" means the board.

"Table 1" means 9VAC5-40-6420.

"You" means the owner of an affected CISWI unit.

"Agricultural waste" means vegetative agricultural materials such as nut and grain hulls and chaff (e.g., almond, walnut, peanut, rice, and wheat), bagasse, orchard prunings, corn stalks, coffee bean hulls and grounds, and other vegetative waste materials generated as a result of agricultural operations.

"Air curtain incinerator" means an incinerator that operates by forcefully projecting a curtain of air across an open chamber or pit in which combustion occurs. Incinerators of this type can be constructed above or below ground and with or without refractory walls and floor. Air curtain incinerators are not to be confused with conventional combustion devices with enclosed fireboxes and controlled air technology such as mass burn, modular, and fluidized bed combustors.

"Auxiliary fuel" means natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, fuel oil, or diesel fuel.

"Bag leak detection system" means an instrument that is capable of monitoring particulate matter loadings in the exhaust of a fabric filter (i.e., baghouse) in order to detect bag failures. A bag leak detection system includes, but is not limited to, an instrument that operates on triboelectric, light scattering, light transmittance, or other principle to monitor relative particulate matter loadings.

"Baseline compliance date" means the earlier of (i) December 1, 2003, or (ii) the date of publication of the CISWI federal plan (Subpart III of 40 CFR Part 62) in the Federal Register.

"Calendar quarter" means three consecutive months, not overlapping, beginning on January 1, April 1, July 1, or October 1.

"Calendar year" means 365 consecutive days (or 366 consecutive days in leap years) starting on January 1 and ending on December 31.

"Chemotherapeutic waste" means waste material resulting from the production or use of antineoplastic agents used for the purpose of stopping or reversing the growth of malignant cells.

"Clean lumber" means wood or wood products that have been cut or shaped and include wet, air-dried, and kiln-dried wood products. Clean lumber does not include wood products that have been painted, pigment-stained, or pressure-treated by compounds such as chromate copper arsenate, pentachlorophenol, and creosote.

"Commercial and industrial solid waste incineration (CISWI) unit" means any combustion device that combusts commercial and industrial waste, as defined in this section. The boundaries of a CISWI unit are defined as, but not limited to, the commercial or industrial solid waste fuel feed system, grate system, flue gas system, and bottom ash. The CISWI unit does not include air pollution control equipment or the stack. The CISWI unit boundary starts at the commercial and industrial solid waste hopper (if applicable) and extends through two areas:

1. The combustion unit flue gas system, which ends immediately after the last combustion chamber.

2. The combustion unit bottom ash system, which ends at the truck loading station or similar equipment that transfers the ash to final disposal. It includes all ash handling systems connected to the bottom ash handling system.

"Commercial and industrial waste" means solid waste combusted in an enclosed device using controlled flame combustion without energy recovery that is a distinct operating unit of any commercial or industrial facility (including field-erected, modular, and custom-built incineration units operating with starved or excess air), or solid waste combusted in an air curtain incinerator without energy recovery that is a distinct operating unit of any commercial or industrial facility.

"Contained gaseous material" means gases that are in a container when that container is combusted.

"Cyclonic barrel burner" means a combustion device for waste materials that is attached to a 55 gallon, open-head drum. The device consists of a lid, which fits onto and encloses the drum, and a blower that forces combustion air into the drum in a cyclonic manner to enhance the mixing of waste material and air.

"Deviation" means any instance in which an affected source subject to this article, or an owner of such a source:

1. Fails to meet any requirement or obligation established by this article, including but not limited to any emission limitation, operating limit, or operator qualification and accessibility requirements;

2. Fails to meet any term or condition that is adopted to implement an applicable requirement in this article and that is included in the federal operating permit for any affected source required to obtain such a permit; or

3. Fails to meet any emission limitation, operating limit, or operator qualification and accessibility requirement in this article during startup, shutdown, or malfunction, regardless of whether such failure is permitted by this article.

"Dioxins/furans" means tetra- through octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans.

"Discard" means, for purposes of this article, to burn in an incineration unit without energy recovery.

"Drum reclamation unit" means a unit that burns residues out of drums (e.g., 55 gallon drums) so that the drums can be reused.

"Energy recovery" means the process of recovering thermal energy from combustion for useful purposes such as steam generation or process heating.

"Federal operating permit" means a permit issued under Article 1 (9VAC5-80-50 et seq.) or Article 3 (9VAC5-80-360 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5 Chapter 80.

"Fabric filter" means an add-on air pollution control device used to capture particulate matter by filtering gas streams through filter media (e.g., baghouse).

"Low-level radioactive waste" means waste material which contains radioactive nuclides emitting primarily beta or gamma radiation, or both, in concentrations or quantities that exceed applicable federal or state standards for unrestricted release. Low-level radioactive waste is not high-level radioactive waste, spent nuclear fuel, or by-product material as defined by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 USC § 2014(e)(2)).

"Malfunction" means any sudden, infrequent, and not reasonably preventable failure of air pollution control equipment, process equipment, or a process to operate in a normal or usual manner. Failures that are caused, in part, by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions.

"Modification" or "modified CISWI unit" means a CISWI unit that has been changed later than June 1, 2001, and that meets one of the following criteria:

1. The cumulative cost of the changes over the life of the unit exceeds 50% of the original cost of building and installing the CISWI unit (not including the cost of land) updated to current costs (current dollars). To determine what systems are within the boundary of the CISWI unit used to calculate these costs, see the definition of CISWI unit.

2. Any physical change in the CISWI unit or change in the method of operating it that increases the amount of any air pollutant emitted for which § 129 or § 111 of the Clean Air Act has established standards.

"Part reclamation unit" means a unit that burns coatings off parts (e.g., tools, equipment) so that the parts can be reconditioned and reused.

"Particulate matter" means total particulate matter emitted from CISWI units as measured by Reference Method 5 or 29.

"Pathological waste" means waste material consisting of only human or animal remains, anatomical parts, anatomical tissue, the bags and containers used to collect and transport the waste material, and animal bedding (if applicable).

"Rack reclamation unit" means a unit that burns the coatings off of racks that are used to hold small items for application of a coating. The unit burns the coating overspray off of the rack so the rack can be reused.

"Reconstruction" means the rebuilding of a CISWI unit that meets the following criteria:

1. The reconstruction begins on or after June 1, 2001, and

2. The cumulative cost of the construction over the life of the incineration unit exceeds 50% of the original cost of building and installing the CISWI unit (not including land) updated to current costs (current dollars). To determine what systems are within the boundary of the CISWI unit used to calculate these costs, see the definition of CISWI unit.

"Refuse-derived fuel" means a type of municipal solid waste produced by processing municipal solid waste through shredding and size classification. This includes all classes of refuse-derived fuel, including (i) low-density fluff refuse-derived fuel through densified refuse-derived fuel and (ii) pelletized refuse-derived fuel.

"Shutdown" means the period of time after all waste has been combusted in the primary chamber.

"Solid waste" means any garbage, refuse, sludge from a waste treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility and other discarded material, including solid, liquid, semisolid, or contained gaseous material resulting from industrial, commercial, mining, agricultural operations, and from community activities, but does not include solid or dissolved material in domestic sewage, or solid or dissolved materials in irrigation return flows or industrial discharges that are point sources subject to permits under § 402 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended (33 USC § 1342), or source, special nuclear, or byproduct material as defined by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended (42 USC § 2014). For purposes of this article, solid waste does not include the waste burned in the units described in 9VAC5-40-6250 C.

"Standard conditions" means, when referring to units of measure, a temperature of 68 degrees Fahrenheit (20°C) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.3 kilopascals).

"Startup period" means the period of time between the activation of the system and the first charge to the unit.

"Wet scrubber" means an add-on air pollution control device that utilizes an aqueous or alkaline scrubbing liquor to collect particulate matter (including nonvaporous metals and condensed organics), or to absorb and neutralize acid gases, or both.

"Wood waste" means untreated wood and untreated wood products, including tree stumps (whole or chipped), trees, tree limbs (whole or chipped), bark, sawdust, chips, scraps, slabs, millings, and shavings. Wood waste does not include:

1. Grass, grass clippings, bushes, shrubs, and clippings from bushes and shrubs from residential, commercial/retail, institutional, or industrial sources as part of maintaining yards or other private or public lands.

2. Construction, renovation, or demolition wastes.

3. Clean lumber.

9VAC5-40-6270. Standard for particulate matter Emission limits and emission standards.

No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any CISWI any particulate emissions in excess of 70 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter, measured at 7.0% oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions that allowed under 40 CFR 60.2670.

9VAC5-40-6280. Standard for carbon monoxide. (Repealed.)

No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any CISWI any carbon monoxide emissions in excess of 157 parts per million by dry volume, measured at 7.0% oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions.

9VAC5-40-6290. Standard for dioxins/furans. (Repealed.)

No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any CISWI any dioxin/furan emissions in excess of 0.41 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (toxic equivalency basis), measured at 7.0% oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions.

9VAC5-40-6300. Standard for hydrogen chloride. (Repealed.)

No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any CISWI any hydrogen chloride emissions in excess of 62 parts per million by dry volume, measured at 7.0% oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions.

9VAC5-40-6310. Standard for sulfur dioxide. (Repealed.)

No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any CISWI any sulfur dioxide emissions in excess of 20 parts per million by dry volume, measured at 7.0% oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions.

9VAC5-40-6320. Standard for nitrogen oxides. (Repealed.)

No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any CISWI any nitrogen oxide emissions in excess of 388 parts per million by dry volume, measured at 7.0% oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions.

9VAC5-40-6330. Standard for lead. (Repealed.)

No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any CISWI any lead emissions in excess of 0.04 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter, measured at 7.0% oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions.

9VAC5-40-6340. Standard for cadmium. (Repealed.)

No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any CISWI any cadmium emissions in excess of 0.004 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter, measured at 7.0% oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions.

9VAC5-40-6350. Standard for mercury. (Repealed.)

No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any CISWI any mercury emissions in excess of 0.47 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter, measured at 7.0% oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions.

9VAC5-40-6370. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

The provisions of Article 1 (9VAC5-40-60 et seq.) of 9VAC5 Chapter 40 (Emission Standards for Fugitive Dust/Emissions, Rule 4-1) apply.

A. The provisions of Article 1 (9VAC5-40-60 et seq.) of 9VAC5-40 (Emission Standards for Visible Emissions and Fugitive Dust/Emissions, Rule 4-1) apply, with the exception of 9VAC5-40-80 (Standard for visible emissions), 9VAC5-40-100 (Monitoring), 9VAC5-40-110 (Test methods and procedures), and 9VAC5-40-120 (Waivers).

B. No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any ash conveying system (including conveyor transfer points) any visible emissions for more than 5.0% of hourly observation period, measured at three, 1-hour observation periods.

9VAC5-40-6380. Standard for odor.

The provisions of Article 2 (9VAC5-40-130 et seq.) of 9VAC5 Chapter 40 9VAC5-40 (Emission Standards for Odor, Rule 4-2) apply.

9VAC5-40-6390. Standard for toxic pollutants.

The provisions of Article 4 (9VAC5-60-200 et seq.) of 9VAC5 Chapter 60 9VAC5-60 (Emission Standards for Toxic Pollutants, Rule 6-4) apply.

9VAC5-40-6400. Operator training and qualification.

A. No CISWI unit shall be operated unless a fully trained and qualified CISWI unit operator is accessible, whether at the facility or capable of being at the facility within one hour. The trained and qualified CISWI unit operator may operate the CISWI unit directly or be the direct supervisor of one or more other plant personnel who operate the unit. If all qualified CISWI unit operators are temporarily not accessible, the procedures in subsection J of this section shall be followed The provisions of 40 CFR 60.2635 through 40 CFR 60.2665 apply.

B. Operator training and qualification shall be obtained through a program approved by the board or by completing the requirements included in subsection C of this section.

C. Training shall be obtained by completing an incinerator operator training course that includes, at a minimum, the following:

1. Training on the following subjects:

a. Environmental concerns, including types of emissions.

b. Basic combustion principles, including products of combustion.

c. Operation of the specific type of incinerator to be used by the operator, including proper startup, waste charging, and shutdown procedures.

d. Combustion controls and monitoring.

e. Operation of air pollution control equipment and factors affecting performance (if applicable).

f. Inspection and maintenance of the incinerator and air pollution control devices.

g. Actions to correct malfunctions or conditions that may lead to malfunction.

h. Bottom and fly ash characteristics and handling procedures.

i. Applicable federal, state, and local regulations, including Occupational Safety and Health Administration workplace standards.

j. Pollution prevention.

k. Waste management practices.

2. An examination designed and administered by the instructor.

3. Written material covering the training course topics that can serve as reference material following completion of the course.

D. The operator training course shall be completed by the later of the following dates:

1. One year after the baseline compliance date.

2. Six months after CISWI unit startup.

3. Six months after an employee assumes responsibility for operating the CISWI unit or assumes responsibility for supervising the operation of the CISWI unit.

E. Operator qualification shall be obtained by completing a training course that satisfies the criteria under subsection B of this section. Qualification is valid from the date on which the training course is completed and the operator successfully passes the examination required under subdivision C 2 of this section.

F. To maintain operator qualification, the operator shall complete an annual review or refresher course covering, at a minimum, the following topics:

1. Update of regulations.

2. Incinerator operation, including startup and shutdown procedures, waste charging, and ash handling.

3. Inspection and maintenance.

4. Responses to malfunctions or conditions that may lead to malfunction.

5. Discussion of operating problems encountered by attendees.

G. Lapsed operator qualification shall be renewed when the operator:

1. For a lapse of less than three years, completes a standard annual refresher course described in subsection F of this section, or

2. For a lapse of three years or more, repeats the initial qualification requirements in subsection E of this section.

H. Site-specific documentation shall be available at the facility and readily accessible for all CISWI unit operators that addresses the topics described in subdivisions H 1 through 10 of this subsection. The owner shall maintain this information and the training records required by subdivision I 3 of this section in a manner that they can be readily accessed and are suitable for inspection upon request.

1. Summary of the applicable standards under this article.

2. Procedures for receiving, handling, and charging waste.

3. Incinerator startup, shutdown, and malfunction procedures.

4. Procedures for maintaining proper combustion air supply levels.

5. Procedures for operating the incinerator and associated air pollution control systems within the standards established under this article.

6. Monitoring procedures for demonstrating compliance with the incinerator operating limits.

7. Reporting and recordkeeping procedures.

8. The waste management plan required under 9VAC5-40-6410.

9. Procedures for handling ash.

10. A list of the wastes burned during the emission test.

I. A program for reviewing the following information shall be established for each incinerator operator:

1. The initial review of the information listed in subsection H of this section shall be conducted by the later of the following dates:

a. One year after the baseline compliance date.

b. Six months after CISWI unit startup.

c. Six months after being assigned to operate the CISWI unit.

2. Subsequent annual reviews of the information listed in subsection H of this section shall be conducted no later than 12 months following the previous review.

3. The following information shall be maintained:

a. Records showing the names of CISWI unit operators who have completed review of the information in subsection H of this section as required by this subsection, including the date of the initial review and all subsequent annual reviews.

b. Records showing the names of the CISWI operators who have completed the operator training requirements under subsection C of this section, met the criteria for qualification under subsection E of this section, and maintained or renewed their qualification under subsection F or G of this section. Records shall include documentation of training, the dates of the initial refresher training, and the dates of their qualification and all subsequent renewals of such qualifications.

c. For each qualified operator, the telephone or pager number at which they can be reached during operating hours.

J. If all qualified operators are temporarily not accessible (i.e., not at the facility and not able to be at the facility within one hour), one of the following procedures shall be followed:

1. When all qualified operators are not accessible for more than 8 hours, but less than two weeks, the CISWI unit may be operated by other plant personnel familiar with the operation of the CISWI unit who have completed a review of the information specified in subsection H of this section within the past 12 months. The period when all qualified operators were not accessible shall be recorded, and this deviation shall be included in the annual report as specified in 9VAC5-40-6480 G.

2. When all qualified operators are not accessible for two weeks or more, the owner shall perform the following:

a. Notify the board of this deviation in writing within 10 days, including the cause of the deviation, what is being done to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible, and the anticipated date when a qualified operator will be accessible.

b. Submit a status report to the board every 4 weeks outlining what is being done to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible, the anticipated date when a qualified operator will be accessible, and a request for approval from the board to continue operation of the CISWI unit. The first status report shall be submitted 4 weeks after the board has been notified of the deviation under subdivision 2 a of this subsection. If the board disapproves the request to continue operation of the CISWI unit, the CISWI unit may continue operation for 90 days. After 90 days, the CISWI unit shall cease operation. Operation of the unit may resume if the following requirements are met:

(1) A qualified operator is accessible as required under subsection A of this section.

(2) The board is notified that a qualified operator is accessible and that operation is resuming.

K. The requirements of subsection B of this section with regard to obtaining operator training qualifications through a program approved by the board may be met by obtaining a license from the Board for Waste Management Facility Operators. All training and licensing shall be conducted in accordance with Chapter 22.1 (§ 54.1-2209 et seq.) of Title 54.1 of the Code of Virginia and with 18VAC155 Chapter 20.

L. No owner of an affected facility shall allow the facility to be operated at any time unless a person is on duty who is responsible for the proper operation of the facility and has a license from the Board for Waste Management Facility Operators in the correct classification. No provision of this article shall relieve any owner from the responsibility to comply in all respects with the requirements of Chapter 22.1 (§ 54.1-2209 et seq.) of Title 54.1 of the Code of Virginia and with 18VAC155 Chapter 20.

9VAC5-40-6410. Waste management plan.

A. The owner of an affected facility shall prepare a written waste management plan that identifies both the feasibility and the methods used to reduce or separate certain components of solid waste from the waste stream in order to reduce or eliminate toxic emissions from incinerated waste in accordance with the provisions of 40 CFR 60.2620 through 40 CFR 60.2630.

B. The waste management plan shall be submitted no later than six months after the baseline compliance date.

C. The waste management plan shall include consideration of the reduction or separation of waste-stream elements such as paper, cardboard, plastics, glass, batteries, or metals; or the use of recyclable materials. The plan shall identify any additional waste management measures; and the owner of an affected facility shall implement those measures considered practical and feasible, based on the effectiveness of waste management measures already in place, the costs of additional measures, the emissions reductions expected to be achieved, and any other environmental or energy impacts they might have.

9VAC5-40-6420. Compliance schedule.

A. The owner of a CISWI unit planning to continue operation and achieve compliance with this article by the date one year after the baseline compliance date shall complete the following: All CISWI units regardless of category shall achieve final compliance as expeditiously as practicable but not later than February 7, 2018.

1. Comply with the operator training and qualification requirements and inspection requirements, if applicable, of 9VAC5-40-6400 by the date one year after the baseline compliance date.

2. Submit a waste management plan no later than six months after the baseline compliance date.

3. Achieve final compliance by the date one year after the baseline compliance date. The final compliance increment of progress shall be achieved by incorporation of all process changes and completion of retrofit construction of control devices, as specified in the final control plan, in order that the affected unit brought online operates all necessary process changes and air pollution control devices as designed.

4. Conduct the initial emission test no later than 90 days after the final compliance date specified in subdivision 3 of this subsection.

5. Submit an initial report, including the results of the initial emission test, no later than 60 days following the initial emission test as required by 9VAC5-40-6480 E.

B. The owner of a CISWI unit planning to continue operation and achieve compliance with this article after the date one year after the baseline compliance date and before the date two years after the baseline compliance date shall (i) petition for an extension of the final compliance date specified in subdivision A 3 of this section by meeting the requirements of 9VAC5-40-6421, and shall have been granted the extension by the board; and (ii) meet the increments of progress in subsection C of this section. The final compliance increment of progress shall be achieved by completion of the following: The owner shall submit a final control plan no later than February 7, 2015.

1. Comply with the operator training and qualification requirements and inspection requirements, if applicable, of 9VAC6-40-6400 by the date one year after the baseline compliance date.

2. Submit a waste management plan no later than six months after the baseline compliance date.

3. Achieve final compliance by the date two years after the baseline compliance date. The final compliance increment of progress shall be achieved by incorporation of all process changes and completion of retrofit construction of control devices, as specified in the final control plan, in order that the affected unit brought online operates all necessary process changes and air pollution control devices as designed.

4. Conduct the initial emission test no later than 90 days after the final compliance date specified in subdivision 3 of this subsection.

5. Submit an initial report, including the result of the initial emission test, no later than 60 days following the initial emission test as required by 9VAC5-40-6480 E.

C. The owner of a CISWI unit planning to achieve compliance later than one year after the baseline compliance date shall meet the following increments of progress: The provisions of 40 CFR 60.2575 through 40 CFR 60.2615 apply.

1. Submit and maintain a final control plan by the date six months after the baseline compliance date.

2. Achieve final compliance by the date two years after the baseline compliance date.

D. The owner shall notify the board as increments of progress are achieved. Notification of achievement of increments of progress shall include the following:

1. Notification that the increment of progress has been achieved.

2. Any items required to be submitted with each increment of progress.

3. Signature of the owner of the CISWI unit.

E. Notifications for achieving increments of progress shall be postmarked no later than 10 business days after the compliance date for the increment.

F. If an increment of progress is not met, the owner of the affected source shall submit a notification to the board postmarked within 10 business days after the date for that increment of progress. The owner shall continue to submit reports each subsequent calendar month until the increment of progress is met.

G. The control plan increment of progress shall meet the following requirements:

1. Submittal of the final control plan, which shall include the following:

a. A description of the devices for air pollution control and process changes that will be used to comply with the emission limitations and other requirements of this article;

b. The types of waste to be burned;

c. The maximum design waste burning capacity;

d. The anticipated maximum charge rate; and

e. If applicable, the petition for site-specific operating limits under 9VAC5-40-6430 D.

2. Maintenance of a copy of the final control plan onsite.

9VAC5-40-6421. Compliance schedule extension. (Repealed.)

The owner of a CISWI unit planning to continue operation and achieve compliance with this article after the date one year after the baseline compliance date and before the date two years after the baseline compliance date shall petition the board for an extension using the following procedures:

1. The request for an extension shall be submitted to the board on or before the date two months after the baseline compliance date.

2. The request shall include documentation of the analyses undertaken to support the need for an extension, including an explanation of why the final compliance date specified in 9VAC5-40-6420 A 3 cannot be met, and why the requested extension date is needed to provide sufficient time for design, fabrication, and installation of the emissions control systems necessary to meet the requirements of this article. No request will be granted based upon the avoidance of costs.

9VAC5-40-6422. Shutdown and restart. (Repealed.)

A. The owner of a CISWI unit planning to permanently shut down rather than comply with the complete set of requirements in this article shall complete the following:

1. If shutdown is planned to be completed by the date one year after the baseline compliance date, then shutdown must occur no later than the date one year after the baseline compliance date. The federal operating permit requirements of 9VAC5-40-6250 F shall be met regardless of when shutdown occurs.

2. If shutdown is planned but cannot be achieved by the date one year after the baseline compliance date, the owner of a CISWI unit shall petition the board for and be granted an extension using the following procedures:

a. Submit the request for an extension to the board by the date two months after the baseline compliance date. The request shall include the following:

(1) Documentation of the analyses undertaken to support the need for an extension, including an explanation of why the requested extension date is sufficient for shutdown while the date one year after the baseline compliance date is not sufficient. No request will be granted based upon the avoidance of costs. Documentation shall include an evaluation of the option to transport waste offsite to a commercial or municipal waste treatment or disposal facility or both on a temporary or permanent basis.

(2) Documentation of incremental steps of progress, including dates for completing the increments of progress, that will be taken toward shutdown.

b. Shutdown shall occur no later than the date two years after the baseline compliance date.

3. Compliance with the operator training and qualification requirements and inspection requirements, if applicable, of 9VAC5-40-6400 shall be achieved by the date one year after the baseline compliance date.

4. A legally binding closure agreement shall be submitted to the board by the date six months after the baseline compliance date. The closure agreement shall specify the date by which operation will cease. The closure date shall be no later than the date two years after the baseline compliance date.

5. The federal operating permit requirements of 9VAC5-40-6250 F shall be met regardless of when shutdown occurs.

B. If the CISWI unit is temporarily shut down and restarted for the purpose of continuing operation, the following requirements shall be met. The federal operating permit requirements of 9VAC5-40-6250 F shall be met at the time the unit is restarted.

1. If operation is planned to continue and compliance is planned to be achieved by the date one year after the baseline compliance date, the requirements of 9VAC5-40-6420 A shall apply.

2. If operation is planned to continue and compliance is planned to be achieved on or before the date two years after the baseline compliance date, the requirements of 9VAC5-40-6420 B shall be met. The owner of a CISWI unit shall have first requested an extension from the initial compliance date by following the requirements of 9VAC5-40-6421, and shall have been granted the extension by the board.

3. If the unit is restarted after the date one year after the baseline compliance date and resumes operation, but the owner has not previously requested an extension by meeting the requirements of 9VAC5-40-6421, the owner shall complete the requirements of 9VAC5-40-6420 A at the time the unit is restarted. Upon restarting the unit, the owner shall have incorporated all process changes and completed retrofit construction of control devices in order that the affected unit brought online operates all necessary process changes and air pollution control devices as designed.

C. For purposes of this section, the term "shutdown" shall have the meaning specified in 9VAC5 Chapter 10.

9VAC5-40-6430. Operating limits.

A. The owner of a facility using wet scrubbers shall meet operating limits as established in subdivisions 1 and 2 of this subsection. No owner or other person shall operate any CISWI unit in a manner that does not comply with the provisions of 40 CFR 60.2675 through 40 CFR 60.2680.

1. Operating limits for operating parameters shall be in accordance with Table 4-45A.

TABLE 4-45A OPERATING LIMITS FOR WET SCRUBBERS
Operating parameters	Operating limits	Minimum frequencies
		Data measurement	Data recording	Averaging time
Charge rate	Maximum charge rate	Continuous	Every hour	Daily (batch units). 3-hour rolling (continuous and intermittent units)a
Pressure drop across the wet scrubber or amperage to wet scrubber	Minimum pressure drop or amperage	Continuous	Every 15 minutes	3-hour rollinga
Scrubber liquor flow rate	Minimum flow rate	Continuous	Every 15 minutes	3-hour rollinga
Scrubber liquor pH	Minimum pH	Continuous	Every 15 minutes	3-hour rollinga
aCalculated each hour as the average of the previous three operating hours.

2. Operating limits for wet scrubbers shall be established during the initial emission test as follows:

a. Maximum charge rate shall be calculated using one of the following procedures:

(1) For continuous and intermittent units, the maximum charge rate is 110% of the average charge rate measured during the most recent emission test demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limitations.

(2) For batch units, the maximum charge rate is 110% of the daily charge rate measured during the most recent emission test demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limitations.

b. Minimum pressure drop across the wet scrubber, which is calculated as 90% of the average pressure drop across the wet scrubber measured during the most recent emission test demonstrating compliance with the particulate matter emission limitations; or minimum amperage to the wet scrubber, which is calculated as 90% of the average amperage to the wet scrubber measured during the most recent emission test demonstrating compliance with the particulate matter emission limitations.

c. Minimum scrubber liquor flow rate, which is calculated as 90% of the average liquor flow rate at the inlet to the wet scrubber measured during the most recent emission test demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limitations.

d. Minimum scrubber liquor pH, which is calculated as 90% of the average liquor pH at the inlet to the wet scrubber measured during the most recent emission test demonstrating compliance with the hydrogen chloride emission limitation.

B. Operating limits established during the initial emission test shall be met on the date the initial emission test is required or completed, whichever is earlier.

C. If a fabric filter is used to comply with the emission limitations, each fabric filter system shall be operated such that the bag leak detection system alarm does not sound more than 5.0% of the operating time during a six-month period. In calculating this operating time percentage, if inspection of the fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of one hour. If longer than one hour to initiate corrective action transpires, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual amount of time taken to initiate corrective action.

D. If an air pollution control device other than a wet scrubber is used, or if emissions are controlled in some other manner, the owner shall petition the board for specific operating limits to be established during the initial emission test and continuously monitored thereafter. The initial emission test shall not be conducted until after the petition has been approved by the board. The petition shall include the following:

1. Identification of the specific parameters proposed to be used as additional operating limits.

2. A discussion of the relationship between these parameters and emissions of regulated pollutants, identifying how emissions of regulated pollutants change with changes in these parameters, and how limits on these parameters will limit emissions of regulated pollutants.

3. A discussion of how the upper or lower values, or both, for these parameters, which will establish the operating limits on these parameters, will be established.

4. A discussion identifying the methods to be used to measure and the instruments to be used to monitor these parameters, and the relative accuracy and precision of these methods and instruments.

5. A discussion identifying the frequency and methods for recalibrating the instruments used for monitoring these parameters.

9VAC5-40-6440. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

A. The provisions of 9VAC5-20-180 (Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction) apply With regard to the emission standards set forth in 9VAC5-40-6360 A, 9VAC5-40-6370 A, 9VAC5-40-6380, and 9VAC5-40-6390, the provisions of 9VAC5-20-180 (Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction) apply.

B. The provisions of 9VAC5-20-180 A, B, C, D, H, and I apply With regard to the emission limits in 9VAC5-40-6270 through 9VAC5-40-6360, 9VAC5-40-6360 B, and 9VAC5-40-6370 B, the following provisions apply:

1. 9VAC5-20-180 with the exception of subsections E, F, and G; and

2. 40 CFR 60.2685.

C. The emission limitations and operating limits apply at all times except during CISWI unit startups, shutdowns, or malfunctions. Each malfunction shall last no longer than three hours. This subsection shall not apply to the emission standards set forth in 9VAC5-40-6370, 9VAC5-40-6380, and 9VAC5-40-6390.

9VAC5-40-6450. Test methods and procedures Performance testing.

A. The provisions governing test methods and procedures shall be as follows:

1. A. With regard to the emissions standards in 9VAC5-40-6360 A, 9VAC5-40-6370 A, 9VAC5-40-6380, and 9VAC5-40-6390, the provisions of 9VAC5-40-30 (Emission testing) apply.

2. B. With regard to the emission limits in 9VAC5-40-6270 through 9VAC5-40-6360, 9VAC5-40-6360 B, and 9VAC5-40-6370 B, the following provisions apply:

a. 1. 9VAC5-40-30 D and G.;

b. 2. 40 CFR 60.8, with the exception of paragraph (a).; and

c. Subsections B through H of this section 3. 40 CFR 60.2690 through 40 CFR 60.2695.

B. All emission tests shall consist of a minimum of three test runs conducted under conditions representative of normal operations.

C. The owner shall document that the waste burned during the emission test is representative of the waste burned under normal operating conditions by maintaining a log of the quantity of waste burned (as required in 9VAC5-40-6480 B 2 a) and the types of waste burned during the emission test.

D. All emission tests shall be conducted using the following minimum run durations and reference methods:

1. For particulate matter: 3-run average (one hour minimum sample time per run), Reference Method 5 or 29.

2. For carbon monoxide: 3-run average (one hour minimum sample time per run), Reference Method 10, 10A, or 10B.

3. For dioxins/furans: 3-run average (one hour minimum sample time per run), Reference Method 23.

4. For hydrogen chloride: 3-run average (one hour minimum sample time per run), Reference Method 26A.

5. For sulfur dioxide: 3-run average (one hour minimum sample time per run), Reference Method 6 or 6c.

6. For nitrogen oxides: 3-run average (one hour minimum sample time per run), Reference Methods 7, 7A, 7C, 7D, or 7E.

7. For lead: 3-run average (one hour minimum sample time per run), Reference Method 29.

8. For cadmium: 3-run average (one hour minimum sample time per run), Reference Method 29.

9. For mercury: 3-run average (one hour minimum sample time per run), Reference Method 29.

10. For visible emissions: six-minute average, Reference Method 9.

E. Reference Method 1 shall be used to select the sampling location and number of traverse points.

F. Reference Method 3A or 3B shall be used for gas composition analysis, including measurement of oxygen concentration. Reference Method 3A or 3B shall be used simultaneously with each method.

G. All pollutant concentrations, except for opacity, shall be adjusted to 7.0% oxygen using the following equation:

C_adj = C_meas(20.9%–7)/(20.9–% O₂)

where:

C_adj= pollutant concentration adjusted to 7.0% oxygen;

C_meas = pollutant concentration measured on a dry basis;

(20.9–7) = 20.9% oxygen—7.0% oxygen (defined oxygen correction basis);

20.9 = oxygen concentration in air, percent; and

% O₂ = oxygen concentration measured on a dry basis, percent.

H. The owner of an affected facility shall determine the dioxins/furans toxic equivalency as follows:

1. Measure the concentration of each dioxin/furan tetra- through octa-congener emitted using EPA Method 23.

2. For each dioxin/furan congener measured in accordance with subdivision 1 of this subsection, multiply the congener concentration by its corresponding toxic equivalency factor specified in Table 4-45B of this article.

TABLE 4-45B. TOXIC EQUIVALENCY FACTORS
Dioxin/furan congener	Toxic equivalency factor
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin	1
1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin	0.5
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin	0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin	0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin	0.1
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin	0.01
Octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin	0.001
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzofuran	0.1
2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzofuran	0.5
1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzofuran	0.05
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran	0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran	0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran	0.1
2,3,4,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran	0.1
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorinated dibenzofuran	0.01
1,2,3,4,7,8,9-heptachlorinated dibenzofuran	0.01
Octachlorinated dibenzofuran	0.001

3. Sum the products calculated in accordance with subdivision 2 of this subsection to obtain the total concentration of dioxins/furans emitted in terms of toxic equivalency.

9VAC5-40-6460. Compliance

A. The provisions governing compliance shall be as follows: 1. With regard to the emissions standards in 9VAC5-40-6360 A, 9VAC5-40-6370 A, 9VAC5-40-6380, and 9VAC5-40-6390, the provisions of 9VAC5-40-20 (Compliance) apply.

2. B. With regard to the emission limits in 9VAC5-40-6270 through 9VAC5-40-6360, 9VAC5-40-6360 B, and 9VAC5-40-6370 B, the following provisions apply:

a. 1. 9VAC5-40-20 B, C, D, and E,;

b. 2. 40 CFR 60.11,; and

c. Subsections B and C of this section 3. 40 CFR 60.2700 through 40 CFR 60.2725.

B. The owner of an affected facility shall conduct an initial emission test to determine compliance with the emission limitations in 9VAC5-40-6270 through 9VAC5-40-6360 and to establish operating limits using the procedures in 9VAC5-40-6430. The initial emission test shall be conducted using the reference methods and procedures in 9VAC5-40-6450, and shall be conducted no later than 90 days after the final compliance date specified in 9VAC5-40-6420 A or B, as applicable.

C. The owner of an affected facility shall conduct an annual emission test for particulate matter, hydrogen chloride, and opacity for each CISWI unit to determine compliance with the emission limitations under 9VAC5-40-6270 through 9VAC5-40-6360 as follows:

1. The annual emission test shall be conducted using the test methods and procedures in 9VAC5-40-6450.

2. The operating limits specified in 9VAC5-40-6430 shall be continuously monitored. Operation above the established maximum or below the established minimum operating limits constitutes a deviation from the established operating limits. Three-hour rolling average values shall be used to determine compliance (except for baghouse leak detection system alarms) unless a different averaging period is established under 9VAC5-40-6430 D. Operating limits do not apply during emission tests.

3. Only the same types of waste used to establish operating limits shall be burned during the emission test.

4. Annual emission tests for particulate matter, hydrogen chloride, and opacity shall commence within 12 months following the initial emission test. Subsequent annual emission tests shall be conducted within 12 months following the previous one.

5. The owner of an affected facility may conduct emission testing less often if the unit has test data for at least three years, and all emission tests for the pollutant (particulate matter, hydrogen chloride, or opacity) over three consecutive years show that the unit complies with the emission limitation. In this case, no emission test is required for that pollutant for the next two years. The owner shall conduct an emission test during the third year and no more than 36 months following the previous emission test.

6. If the CISWI unit continues to meet the emission limitation for particulate matter, hydrogen chloride, or opacity, the owner may conduct emission tests for these pollutants every third year, but each test shall be within 36 months of the previous test.

7. If an emission test shows a deviation from an emission limitation for particulate matter, hydrogen chloride, or opacity, the owner shall conduct annual emission tests for that pollutant until all emission tests over a three-year period show compliance.

8. A repeat emission test may be conducted at any time to establish new values for the operating limits. The board may request a repeat emission test at any time. The emission test shall be repeated if the feed stream is different than the feed streams used during any emission test used to demonstrate compliance.

9VAC5-40-6470. Monitoring.

A. The provisions governing monitoring shall be as follows: 1. With regard to the emissions standards in 9VAC5-40-6360 A, 9VAC5-40-6370 A, 9VAC5-40-6380, and 9VAC5-40-6390, the provisions of 9VAC5-40-40 (Monitoring) apply.

2. B. With regard to the emission limits in 9VAC5-40-6270 through 9VAC5-40-6360, 9VAC5-40-6360 B, and 9VAC5-40-6370 B, the following provisions apply:

a. 1. 9VAC5-40-40 A and F,;

b. 2. 40 CFR 60.13,; and

c. Subsections B through F of this section 3. 40 CFR 60.2730 through 40 CFR 60.2735.

B. The owner of an affected facility using a wet scrubber to comply with the emission limitations under 9VAC5-40-6270 through 9VAC5-40-6360 shall install, calibrate (to manufacturers' specifications), maintain, and operate devices (or establish methods) for monitoring the value of the operating parameters used to determine compliance with the operating limits listed in Table 4-45A. These devices (or methods) shall measure and record the values for these operating parameters at the frequencies indicated in Table 4-45A at all times except as specified in subsection E of this section.

C. The owner of an affected facility using a fabric filter to comply with the requirements of this article shall install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a bag leak detection system as follows:

1. A bag leak detection system shall be installed and operated for each exhaust stack of the fabric filter.

2. Each bag leak detection system shall be installed, operated, calibrated, and maintained in a manner consistent with the manufacturers' written specifications and recommendations.

3. The bag leak detection system shall be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per actual cubic meter or less.

4. The bag leak detection system sensor shall provide output of relative or absolute particulate matter loadings.

5. The bag leak detection system shall be equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal from the sensor.

6. The bag leak detection system shall be equipped with an alarm system that sounds automatically when an increase in relative particulate matter emissions over a preset level is detected. The alarm shall be located where it is easily heard by plant operating personnel.

7. For positive pressure fabric filter systems, a bag leak detection system shall be installed in each baghouse compartment or cell. For negative pressure or induced air fabric filters, the bag leak detector shall be installed downstream of the fabric filter.

8. Where multiple detectors are required, the system's instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors.

D. The owner of an affected facility using something other than a wet scrubber to comply with the emission limitations under 9VAC5-40-6270 through 9VAC5-40-6260 shall install, calibrate (to the manufacturers' specifications), maintain, and operate the equipment necessary to monitor compliance with the site-specific operating limits established using the procedures in 9VAC5-40-6430 D.

E. Except for monitoring malfunctions, associated repairs, and required quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments of the monitoring system), the owner of an affected facility shall conduct all monitoring at all times the CISWI unit is operating.

F. Data recorded during monitoring malfunctions, associated repairs, and required quality assurance or quality control activities for meeting the requirements of this article, including data averages and calculations, shall not be used. All the data collected during all other periods shall be used in assessing compliance with the operating limits.

9VAC5-40-6480. Recordkeeping and reporting.

A. The provisions governing recordkeeping and reporting shall be as follows:

1. A. With regard to the emissions standards in 9VAC5-40-6360 A, 9VAC5-40-6370 A, 9VAC5-40-6380, and 9VAC5-40-6390, the provisions of 9VAC5-40-50 (Notification, records and reporting) apply.

2. B. With regard to the emission limits in 9VAC5-40-6270 through 9VAC5-40-6360, 9VAC5-40-6260 B, and 9VAC5-40-6370 B, the following provisions apply:

a. 1. 9VAC5-40-50 F and H,;

b. 2. 40 CFR 60.7,; and

c. Subsections B through J of this section 3. 40 CFR 60.2740 through 40 CFR 60.2800.

B. The following records, as applicable, shall be maintained for a period of at least five years:

1. Calendar date of each record.

2. Records of the following data:

a. The CISWI unit charge dates, times, weights, and hourly charge rates.

b. Liquor flow rate to the wet scrubber inlet every 15 minutes of operation, as applicable.

c. Pressure drop across the wet scrubber system every 15 minutes of operation or amperage to the wet scrubber every 15 minutes of operation, as applicable.

d. Liquor pH as introduced to the wet scrubber every 15 minutes of operation, as applicable.

e. For affected CISWI units that establish operating limits for controls other than wet scrubbers under 9VAC5-40-6430 D, the owner shall maintain data collected for all operating parameters used to determine compliance with the operating limits.

f. If a fabric filter is used to comply with the emission limitations, the owner shall record the date, time, and duration of each alarm and the time corrective action was initiated and completed, and a brief description of the cause of the alarm and the corrective action taken. The owner shall also record the percent of operating time during each six-month period that the alarm sounds, calculated as specified in 9VAC5-40-6430 C.

3. Identification of calendar dates and times for which monitoring systems used to monitor operating limits were inoperative, inactive, malfunctioning, or out of control (except for downtime associated with zero and span and other routine calibration checks). Identify the operating parameters not measured, the duration, reasons for not obtaining the data, and a description of corrective actions taken.

4. Identification of calendar dates, times, and durations of malfunctions, and a description of the malfunction and the corrective action taken.

5. Identification of calendar dates and times for which data show a deviation from the operating limits in Table 4-45A or a deviation from other operating limits established under 9VAC5-40-6430 D with a description of the deviations, reasons for such deviations, and a description of corrective actions taken.

6. The results of the initial, annual, and any subsequent emission tests conducted to determine compliance with the emission limits and to establish operating limits, as applicable. Retain a copy of the complete emission test report including calculations.

7. Records showing the names of CISWI unit operators who have completed review of the information in 9VAC5-40-6400 H as required by 9VAC5-40-6400 I, including the date of the initial review and all subsequent annual reviews.

8. Records showing the names of the CISWI operators who have completed the operator training requirements under 9VAC5-40-6400 A, met the criteria for qualification under 9VAC5-40-6400 E, and maintained or renewed their qualification under 9VAC5-40-6400 F or G. Records shall include documentation of training, the dates of the initial and refresher training, and the dates of their qualification and all subsequent renewals of such qualifications.

9. For each qualified operator, the telephone or pager number at which they can be reached during operating hours.

10. Records of calibration of any monitoring devices as required under 9VAC5-40-6470 A through C.

11. Equipment vendor specifications and related operation and maintenance requirements for the incinerator, emission controls, and monitoring equipment.

12. The information listed in 9VAC5-40-6400 H.

13. On a daily basis, a log of the quantity of waste burned and the types of waste burned.

C. All records shall be available onsite in either paper copy or computer-readable format that can be printed upon request, unless an alternative format is approved by the board.

D. The owner of an affected facility shall submit the waste management plan no later than the date specified in 9VAC5-40-6410 B.

E. The information specified in this subsection shall be submitted no later than 60 days following the initial emission test. All reports shall be signed by the facilities manager.

1. The complete emission test report for the initial emission test results obtained under 9VAC5-40-6460 B, as applicable.

2. The values for the site-specific operating limits established in 9VAC5-40-6430.

3. If a fabric filter is being used to comply with the emission limitations, documentation that a bag leak detection system has been installed and is being operated, calibrated, and maintained as required by 9VAC5-40-6470 C.

F. An annual report shall be submitted no later than 12 months following the submission of the information in subsection E of this section. Subsequent reports shall be submitted no more than 12 months following the previous report. If the unit is subject to permitting requirements under the federal operating permit program, the permit may require submittal of these reports more frequently.

G. The annual report required under subsection F of this section shall include the items listed in this subsection. If a deviation from the operating limits or the emission limitations occurs, deviation reports shall also be submitted as specified in 9VAC5-40-6480 H.

1. Company name and address.

2. Statement by a responsible official, with that official's name, title, and signature, certifying the accuracy of the content of the report.

3. Date of report and beginning and ending dates of the reporting period.

4. The values for the operating limits established pursuant to 9VAC5-40-6430.

5. If no deviation from any applicable emission limitation or operating limit has been reported, a statement that there was no deviation from the emission limitations or operating limits during the reporting period, and that no monitoring system used to determine compliance with the operating limits was inoperative, inactive, malfunctioning or out of control.

6. The highest recorded three-hour average and the lowest recorded three-hour average, as applicable, for each operating parameter recorded for the calendar year being reported.

7. Information recorded under subdivisions B 2 f and B 3 through 5 of this section for the calendar year being reported.

8. If an emission test was conducted during the reporting period, the results of that test.

9. If the requirements of 9VAC5-40-6460 C 5 or 6 were met, and no emission test was conducted during the reporting period, a statement that the facility met the requirements of 9VAC5-40-6460 C 5 or 6, and, therefore, no emission test during the reporting period was required.

10. Documentation of periods when all qualified CISWI unit operators were unavailable for more than eight hours, but less than two weeks.

H. Deviation reports shall be submitted in accordance with the following:

1. A deviation report shall be submitted if (i) any recorded three-hour average parameter level is above the maximum operating limit or below the minimum operating limit established under this article, (ii) the bag leak detection system alarm sounds for more than 5.0% of the operating time for the six-month reporting period, or (iii) an emission test was conducted that deviated from any emission limitation.

2. The deviation report shall be submitted by August 1 of that year for data collected during the first half of the calendar year (January 1 to June 30), and by February 1 of the following year for data collected during the second half of the calendar year (July 1 to December 31).

3. For any pollutant or parameter that deviated from the emission limitations or operating limits specified in this article, the following items shall be included in the deviation report:

a. The calendar dates and times the unit deviated from the emission limitations or operating limit requirements.

b. The averaged and recorded data for those dates.

c. Duration and causes of each deviation from the emission limitations or operating limits, and corrective actions taken.

d. A copy of the operating limit monitoring data during each deviation and any emission test report that documents the emission levels.

e. The dates, times, number, duration, and causes for monitoring downtime incidents other than downtime associated with zero, span, and other routine calibration checks.

f. Whether each deviation occurred during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction, or during another period.

4. Deviations from the requirement to have a qualified operator accessible shall be reported as follows:

a. If all qualified operators are not accessible for two weeks or more, the owner shall:

(1) Submit a notification of the deviation within 10 days that includes a statement of what caused the deviation, a description of what is being done to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible, and the anticipated date when a qualified operator will be available; and

(2) Submit a status report to the board every four weeks that includes a description of what is being done to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible, the anticipated date when a qualified operator will be accessible, and request for approval from the board to continue operation of the CISWI unit.

b. If the unit was shut down by the board under the provisions of 9VAC5-40-6400 J 2 a due to a failure to provide an accessible qualified operator, the owner shall notify the board that the unit will resume operation once a qualified operator is accessible.

I. Initial, annual, and deviation reports shall be submitted electronically or in paper format, postmarked on or before the submittal due dates.

J. Semiannual or annual reporting dates may be changed with the approval of the board in accordance with the procedures in 40 CFR 60.19(c).

9VAC5-40-6490. Requirements for air Air curtain incinerators.

A. The owner of an affected air curtain incinerator that plans to continue operation shall achieve final compliance by the date one year after the baseline compliance date. An air curtain incinerator that continues to operate after the date one year after the baseline compliance date without being in compliance with this article shall be considered to be in violation of this article. The provisions of 40 CFR 60.2810 through 40 CFR 60.2870 apply.

B. In order to achieve final compliance, the owner shall complete all equipment changes and retrofit installation of control devices so that when the affected air curtain incinerator is placed into service, all necessary equipment and air pollution control devices operate as designed and meet the opacity limits of subsection D of this section.

C. The following shall be met if an air curtain incinerator is to be shut down:

1. If an incinerator is shut down but will be restarted prior to the final compliance date specified in subsection A of this section, the owner shall (i) achieve final compliance by the date one year after the baseline compliance date and (ii) meet the federal operating permit requirements of 9VAC5-40-6250 F on the date the incinerator restarts operation.

2. If an incinerator is shut down but will be restarted after the date one year after the baseline compliance date, the owner shall (i) complete any needed emission control retrofits, (ii) meet the opacity limits of subsection D of this section, and (iii) meet the federal operating permit requirements of 9VAC5-40-6250 F on the date the incinerator restarts operation.

3. If an incinerator is permanently shut down, the owner shall (i) submit a closure notification, including the date of closure, to the board 180 days after the final compliance date specified in subsection A of this section and (ii) meet the federal operating permit requirements of 9VAC5-40-6250 F regardless of when shutdown occurs.

D. After the date the initial emission test is required or completed (whichever is earlier), no owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected air curtain incinerator any emissions in excess of the following limits:

1. The opacity limitation is 10% (six-minute average), except as described in subdivision 2 of this subsection.

2. The opacity limitation is 35% (six-minute average) during the startup period that is within the first 30 minutes of operation.

E. Except during malfunctions, the requirements of this article shall apply at all times, and each malfunction shall not exceed three hours.

F. Air curtain incinerators shall meet the following requirements to determine compliance with the opacity limitation:

1. Compliance with the opacity limitation shall be determined using Reference Method 9.

2. An initial emission test for opacity shall be conducted no later than 90 days after the final compliance date specified in 9VAC5-40-6490 A.

3. After the initial emission test for opacity, annual emission tests shall be conducted no more than 12 calendar months following the date of the previous emission test.

G. The owner of an air curtain incinerator shall maintain records and submit reports as follows:

1. Records of results of all initial and annual emission tests for opacity shall be kept onsite in either paper copy or electronic format, unless the board approves another format, for at least five years.

2. All records shall be made available for submittal to the board or for an inspector's onsite review.

3. An initial report shall be submitted no later than 60 days following the initial emission test for opacity that includes the following information:

a. The types of materials to be combusted.

b. The results (each six-minute average) of the initial emission tests for opacity.

4. Annual emission test results for opacity shall be submitted within 12 months following the previous report.

5. Initial and annual emission test reports for opacity shall be submitted as electronic or paper copy on or before the applicable submittal date. A copy shall be maintained onsite for a period of five years.

H. For purposes of this section, the term "shutdown" shall have the meaning specified in 9VAC5 Chapter 10.

9VAC5-40-6510. Permits.

A permit may be required prior to beginning any of the activities specified below if the provisions of 9VAC5 Chapter 50 and 9VAC5 Chapter 80 9VAC5-50 (New and Modified Stationary Sources) and 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources) apply. Owners contemplating such action should review those provisions and contact the appropriate regional office for guidance on whether those provisions apply.

1. Construction of a facility.

2. Reconstruction (replacement of more than half) of a facility.

3. Modification (any physical change to equipment) of a facility.

4. Relocation of a facility.

5. Reactivation (restart-up) (re-startup) of a facility.

6. Operation of a facility.

9VAC5-40-6520. Documents incorporated by reference.

A. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations promulgated at Subpart DDDD (Emissions Guidelines and Compliance Times for Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units that Commenced Construction On or Before November 30, 1999) of 40 CFR Part 60 and designated in subsection B of this section are incorporated by reference into this article. The 40 CFR section numbers appearing in subsection B of this section identify the specific provisions incorporated by reference. The specific version of the provisions incorporated by reference shall be that contained in the CFR in effect as specified in 9VAC5-20-21 B.

B. The following documents from the United States Environmental Protection Agency are incorporated herein by reference:

Model Rule, Increments of Progress

§ 60.2575, What are my requirements for meeting increments of progress and achieving final compliance?

§ 60.2580, When must I complete each increment of progress?

§ 60.2585, What must I include in the notifications of achievement of increments of progress?

§ 60.2590, When must I submit the notifications of achievement of increments of progress?

§ 60.2595, What if I do not meet an increment of progress?

§ 60.2600, How do I comply with the increment of progress for submittal of a control plan?

§ 60.2605, How do I comply with the increment of progress for achieving final compliance?

§ 60.2610, What must I do if I close my CISWI unit and then restart it?

§ 60.2615, What must I do if I plan to permanently close my CISWI unit and not restart it?

Model Rule, Waste Management Plan

§ 60.2620, What is a waste management plan?

§ 60.2625, When must I submit my waste management plan?

§ 60.2630, What should I include in my waste management plan?

Model Rule, Operator Training and Qualification

§ 60.2635, What are the operator training and qualification requirements?

§ 60.2640, When must the operator training course be completed?

§ 60.2645, How do I obtain my operator qualification?

§ 60.2650, How do I maintain my operator qualification?

§ 60.2655, How do I renew my lapsed operator qualification?

§ 60.2660, What site-specific documentation is required?

§ 60.2665, What if all the qualified operators are temporarily not accessible?

Model Rule, Emission Limitations and Operating Limits

§ 60.2670, What emission limitations must I meet and by when?

§ 60.2675, What operating limits must I meet and by when?

§ 60.2680, What if I do not use a wet scrubber, fabric filter, activated carbon injection, selective noncatalytic reduction, an electrostatic precipitator, or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations?

§ 60.2685, Affirmative Defense for Violation of Emission Standards During Malfunction.

Model Rule, Performance Testing

§ 60.2690, How do I conduct the initial and annual performance test?

§ 60.2695, How are the performance test data used?

Model Rule, Initial Compliance Requirements

§ 60.2700, How do I demonstrate initial compliance with the emission limitations and establish the operating limits?

§ 60.2705, By what date must I conduct the initial performance test?

§ 60.2706, Reserved

Model Rule, Continuous Compliance Requirements

§ 60.2710, How do I demonstrate continuous compliance with the emission limitations and the operating limits?

§ 60.2715, By what date must I conduct the annual performance test?

§ 60.2716, Reserved
§ 60.2720, May I conduct performance testing less often?

§ 60.2725, May I conduct a repeat performance test to establish new operating limits?

Model Rule, Monitoring

§ 60.2730, What monitoring equipment must I install and what parameters must I monitor?

§ 60.2735, Is there a minimum amount of monitoring data I must obtain?

Model Rule, Recordkeeping and Reporting

§ 60.2740, What records must I keep?
§ 60.2745, Where and in what format must I keep my records?

§ 60.2750, What reports must I submit?
§ 60.2755, When must I submit my waste management plan?

§ 60.2760, What information must I submit following my initial performance test?

§ 60.2765, When must I submit my annual report?

§ 60.2770, What information must I include in my annual report?

§ 60.2775, What else must I report if I have a deviation from the operating limits or the emission limitations?

§ 60.2780, What must I include in the deviation report?

§ 60.2785, What else must I report if I have a deviation from the requirement to have a qualified operator accessible?

§ 60.2790, Are there any other notifications or reports that I must submit?

§ 60.2795, In what form can I submit my reports?

§ 60.2800, Can reporting dates be changed?

Model Rule, Title V Operating Permits

§ 60.2805, Am I required to apply for and obtain a title V operating permit for my unit?

Model Rule, Air Curtain Incinerators

§ 60.2810, What is an air curtain incinerator?

§ 60.2815, What are my requirements for meeting increments of progress and achieving final compliance?

§ 60.2820, When must I complete each increment of progress?

§ 60.2825, What must I include in the notifications of achievement of increments of progress?

§ 60.2830, When must I submit the notifications of achievement of increments of progress?

§ 60.2835, What if I do not meet an increment of progress?

§ 60.2840, How do I comply with the increment of progress for submittal of a control plan?

§ 60.2845, How do I comply with the increment of progress for achieving final compliance?

§ 60.2850, What must I do if I close my air curtain incinerator and then restart it?

§ 60.2855, What must I do if I plan to permanently close my air curtain incinerator and not restart it?

§ 60.2860, What are the emission limitations for air curtain incinerators?

§ 60.2865, How must I monitor opacity for air curtain incinerators?

§ 60.2870, What are the recordkeeping and reporting requirements for air curtain incinerators?

Model Rule, Definitions

§ 60.2875, What definitions must I know?

TABLES

Table 2 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60, Model Rule, Emission Limitations that Apply to Incinerators on or after February 7, 2018.

Table 3 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60, Model Rule, Operating Limits for Wet Scrubbers.

Table 4 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60, Model Rule, Toxic Equivalency Factors.

Table 5 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60, Model Rule, Summary of Reporting Requirements.

Table 6 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60, Emission Limitations that Apply to Incinerators on and after February 7, 2018.

Table 7 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60, Emission Limitations that Apply to Energy Recovery Units After May 20, 2011, on or after February 7, 2018.

Table 8 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60, Emission Limitations that Apply to Waste-Burning Kilns after February 7, 2018.

Table 9 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60, Emission Limitations that Apply to Small, Remote Incinerators after February 7, 2018.

Title of Regulation: 9VAC5-50. New and Modified Stationary Sources (repealing 9VAC5-50-430 through 9VAC5-50-600).

Statutory Authority: § 10.1-1308 of the Code of Virginia; §§ 110, 111, 123, 129, 171, 172, and 182 of the Clean Air Act; 40 CFR Parts 51 and 60.

Effective Date: August 28, 2013.

Agency Contact: Karen G. Sabasteanski, Department of Environmental Quality, 629 East Main Street, P.O. Box 1105, Richmond, VA 23218, telephone (804) 698-4426, FAX (804) 698-4510, TTY (804) 698-4021, or email karen.sabasteanski@deq.virginia.gov.

Summary:

Rule 5-6, Standards of Performance for Regulated Medical Waste Incinerators (Article 6 of 9VAC5-50) was originally adopted in response to a directive from the General Assembly in 1992 (Chapters 773, 774, and 751). Since Article 6 was adopted, a more restrictive U.S. Environmental Protection Agency new source performance standard covering the same type of sources was promulgated and adopted by Virginia. Because there is no longer a need for the original, less-restrictive Virginia regulation, the 2013 General Assembly enacted Chapter 632, which removes the provisions relevant to air quality from Chapters 773, 774, and 751. Article 6 of 9VAC5-50 is being repealed because its underlying state requirement has been removed.

Article 6
Standards of Performance for Regulated Medical Waste Incinerators (Rule 5-6) (Repealed)

9VAC5-50-430. Applicability and designation of affected facility. (Repealed.)

A. Except as provided in subsections C and D of this section, the affected facility to which the provisions of this article apply is each regulated medical waste incinerator.

B. The provisions of this article apply throughout the Commonwealth of Virginia.

C. The provisions of this article do not apply to incinerators the construction or modification of which as defined in 9VAC5 Chapter 80 (9VAC5-80-10 et seq.) commenced prior to September 1, 1993.

D. The provisions of this article do not apply to combustion units or incinerators burning materials that do not include regulated medical waste.

9VAC5-50-440. Definitions. (Repealed.)

A. For the purpose of these regulations and subsequent amendments or any orders issued by the board, the words or terms shall have the meanings given them in subsection C of this section.

B. As used in this article, all terms not defined here shall have the meanings given them in 9VAC5 Chapter 10 (9VAC5-10-10 et seq.), unless otherwise required by context.

C. Terms defined.

"Commercial regulated medical waste incinerator" means any regulated medical waste incinerator that burns regulated medical waste if more than 25% of such waste is generated off-site.

"Continuous emission monitoring system" means a monitoring system for continuously measuring the emissions of a pollutant from an affected facility.

"Dioxins" and "furans" means tetra- through octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans.

"Four-hour block average" means the average of all hourly emission rates or temperatures when the affected facility is operating and combusting regulated medical waste measured over four-hour periods of time from midnight to 4 a.m., 4 a.m. to 8 a.m., 8 a.m. to noon, noon to 4 p.m., 4 p.m. to 8 p.m., 8 p.m. to midnight.

"Incinerator" means any furnace or device used in the process of burning any type of waste for the primary purpose of destroying matter or reducing the volume of the waste by removing combustible matter or both.

"On-site" means (i) the same or geographically contiguous property which may be divided by a public or private right-of-way, provided the entrance and exit between the properties are at a crossroads intersection and access is by crossing, as opposed to going along, the right-of-way or (ii) noncontiguous properties owned by the same person but connected by a right-of-way controlled by the same person and to which the public does not have an access.

"Off-site" means any site that does not meet the definition of on-site.

"Pathological waste" means a solid waste that is human tissues, organs, body parts, fetuses, placentas, effluences or similar material, and animal tissue, organs, body parts, fetuses, placentas, effluence or similar material from animals exposed to human pathogens for purposes of testing or experimentation.

"Potential hydrogen chloride emission rate" means the hydrogen chloride emission rate that would occur from the combustion of regulated medical waste in the absence of any hydrogen chloride emissions control.

"Rated capacity" means the waste charging rate expressed as the maximum capacity guaranteed by the equipment manufacturer or the maximum normally achieved during use, whichever is greater.

"Regulated medical waste" means any solid waste identified or suspected by the health care profession as being capable of producing an infectious disease in humans. A waste shall be considered to be capable of producing an infectious disease if it has been or is likely to have been contaminated by an organism likely to be pathogenic to humans, such organism is not routinely and freely available in the community, and such organism has a significant probability of being present in significant quantities and with sufficient virulence to transmit disease. In addition, regulated medical waste shall include the following:

a. Discarded cultures, stocks, specimens, vaccines, and associated items likely to have been contaminated with organisms likely to be pathogenic to humans, discarded etiologic agents, and wastes from production of biologicals and antibiotics likely to have been contaminated by organisms likely to be pathogenic to humans;

b. Wastes consisting of human blood, human blood products, and items contaminated by free-flowing human blood;

c. Pathological wastes;

d. Used sharps likely to be contaminated with organisms that are pathogenic to humans, and all sharps used in patient care;

e. The carcasses, body parts, bedding material, and all other wastes of animals intentionally infected with organisms likely to be pathogenic to humans for purposes of research, in vivo testing, production of biological materials or any other reason, when discarded, disposed of, or placed in accumulated storage;

f. Any residue or contaminated soil, water, or debris resulting from cleanup of a spill of any regulated medical waste; and

g. Any waste contaminated by or mixed with regulated medical waste.

Regulated medical waste shall not include:

a. Wastes contaminated only with organisms which are not generally recognized as pathogenic to humans, even if those organisms cause disease in other plants or animals, and which are managed in complete accord with all regulations of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services;

b. Meat or other food items being discarded because of spoilage or contamination, unless included in subdivisions 1 through 7 above;

c. Garbage, trash, and sanitary waste from septic tanks, single or multiple residences, hotels, motels, bunkhouses, ranger stations, crew quarters, campgrounds, picnic grounds, and day-use recreation areas, except for waste generated by provision of professional health care services on the premises, provided that all medical sharps shall be placed in a container with a high degree of puncture resistance before being mixed with other wastes or discarded;

d. Used products for personal hygiene, such as diapers, facial tissues, and sanitary napkins; and

e. Material, not including sharps, containing small amounts of blood or body fluids, and no free-flowing or unabsorbed liquid.

"Regulated medical waste incinerator" means any incinerator used in the process of burning regulated medical waste.

"Sharps" means needles, scalpels, knives, broken glass, syringes, pasteur pipettes and similar items having a point or sharp edge.

"Solid waste" shall have the meaning ascribed to it in § 10.1-1400 of the Code of Virginia. However, for purposes of this article, the following materials are not solid wastes:

a. Domestic sewage, including wastes that are not stored and are disposed of in a sanitary sewer system (with or without grinding);

b. Any mixture of domestic sewage and other wastes that pass through a sewer system to a wastewater treatment works permitted by the State Water Control Board or the Department of Health;

c. Human remains under the control of a licensed physician or dentist, when the remains are being used or examined for medical purposes and are not abandoned materials; and

d. Human remains properly interred in a cemetery or in preparation by a licensed mortician for such interment or cremation.

9VAC5-50-450. Standard for particulate matter. (Repealed.)

No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any regulated medical waste incinerator any particulate emissions in excess of the following limits:

1. For incinerators with a rated capacity equal to or greater than 1000 pounds per hour: 0.015 grains per dry standard cubic foot of exhaust gas corrected to 7.0% oxygen (dry basis).

2. For incinerators with a rated capacity equal to or greater than 500 pounds per hour and less than 1000 pounds per hour: 0.03 grains per dry standard cubic foot of exhaust gas corrected to 7.0% oxygen (dry basis).

3. For incinerators with a rated capacity less than 500 pounds per hour: 0.10 grains per dry standard cubic foot of exhaust gas corrected to 7.0% oxygen (dry basis).

9VAC5-50-460. Standard for carbon monoxide. (Repealed.)

No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any regulated medical waste incinerator any carbon monoxide emissions in excess of 50 parts per million by volume dry average per operating cycle or per day, whichever is less in duration, corrected to 7.0% oxygen (dry basis). An operating cycle shall be the period of time from the initial loading of waste into the incinerator through the burn-down cycle.

9VAC5-50-470. Standard for hydrogen chloride. (Repealed.)

No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any regulated medical waste incinerator any hydrogen chloride emissions in excess of the following limits:

1. For incinerators with a rated capacity equal to or greater than 500 pounds per hour and less than 1000 pounds per hour: 10% of the potential hydrogen chloride emission rate (90% reduction by weight or volume).

2. For incinerators with a rated capacity equal to or greater than 1000 pounds per hour: 5.0% of the potential hydrogen chloride emission rate (95% reduction by weight or volume).

9VAC5-50-480. Standard for dioxins and furans. (Repealed.)

A. No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any regulated medical waste incinerator with a rated capacity equal to or greater than 500 pounds per hour any total dioxin or furan emissions in excess of 8 grains per billion dry standard cubic feet corrected to 7.0% oxygen (dry basis).

B. A waiver from the provisions of subsection A of this section may be obtained from the board upon a demonstration to the board's satisfaction that the maximum annual risk does not exceed 1 in 100,000. Ambient air concentrations and risk assessments shall be determined using air quality analysis techniques and methods acceptable to the board.

9VAC5-50-490. Standard for visible emissions. (Repealed.)

A. The provisions of Article 1 (9VAC5-50-60 et seq.) of this chapter (Standards of Performance for Visible Emissions and Fugitive Dust/Emissions, Rule 5-1) apply except that the provisions in subsection B of this section apply instead of 9VAC5-50-80.

B. No owner or other person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the atmosphere from any regulated medical waste incinerator any visible emissions which exhibit greater than 10% opacity. Failure to meet the requirements of this section because of the presence of water vapor shall not be a violation of this section.

9VAC5-50-500. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions. (Repealed.)

The provisions of Article 1 (9VAC5-50-60 et seq.) of this chapter (Standards of Performance for Visible Emissions and Fugitive Dust/Emissions, Rule 5-1) apply.

9VAC5-50-510. Standard for odor. (Repealed.)

The provisions of Article 2 (9VAC5-50-130 et seq.) of this chapter (Standards of Performance for Odorous Emissions, Rule 5-2) apply.

9VAC5-50-520. Standard for toxic pollutants. (Repealed.)

The provisions of Article 3 (9VAC5-50-160 et seq.) of this chapter (Standards of Performance for Toxic Pollutants, Rule 5-3) apply, including those provisions that apply to emissions of hydrogen chloride, except that the provisions of 9VAC5-50-480 apply to emissions of dioxins and furans.

9VAC5-50-530. Standard for radioactive materials. (Repealed.)

Radioactive materials shall be handled in accordance with the regulations of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Virginia Department of Health.

9VAC5-50-540. Compliance. (Repealed.)

A. In addition to the provisions of 9VAC5-50-20 (Compliance), the provisions of subsections B through D of this section apply.

B. The owner of an affected facility shall operate the facility within parameters as specified below in accordance with methods and procedures acceptable to the board.

1. The minimum primary chamber temperature shall be 1400°F or the manufacturer's recommended operating temperature, whichever is higher, for a period of time needed to achieve complete pyrolysis.

2. A secondary combustion chamber with afterburner is required. The minimum secondary chamber temperature shall be 1800°F or the manufacturer's recommended operating temperature, whichever is higher, for a period of no less than two seconds.

3. Combustion control systems shall include chamber thermostats to ensure that the auxiliary burners automatically ignite and fire in order to maintain the primary and secondary chamber temperatures.

4. An interlock system to prevent incinerator feeding prior to attaining the minimum secondary chamber temperature is required.

5. The minimum sorbent injection rate, expressed in pounds per hour of active neutralizing agent, shall be calculated as follows:

SI_min = 1.2 (SI_test)(% ANA)

where:

SI_min = minimum sorbent injection rate (pounds per hour).

SI_test = pounds per hour of sorbent injected during the performance test, while the hydrogen chloride inlet concentration was highest.

% ANA = percent by weight of active neutralizing agent in the sorbent.

C. An owner may request that compliance with the applicable emission limit be determined using carbon dioxide measurements corrected to an equivalent of 7.0% oxygen. The relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide levels for the affected facility shall be established during the initial performance tests. In such cases, the applicable emission limit shall be corrected to the established percentage of carbon dioxide without the contribution of auxiliary fuel carbon dioxide when using a fuel other than natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas.

D. All facilities are required to meet the compliance requirements of Part VII (9VAC20-120-520 et seq.) of 9VAC20 Chapter 120 (Regulated Medical Waste Management Regulations).

9VAC5-50-550. Test methods and procedures. (Repealed.)

A. In addition to the provisions of 9VAC5-50-30 (Performance testing), the provisions of subsections B through E of this section apply.

B. The owner of an affected facility shall conduct performance tests and reduce associated data as specified below in accordance with methods and procedures acceptable to the board.

1. For all incinerators: particulate matter, carbon monoxide and visible emissions.

2. For all incinerators with a rated capacity equal to or greater than 500 pounds per hour: hydrogen chloride emissions and control efficiency of any scrubber system used to control hydrogen chloride emissions. Hydrogen chloride performance tests shall begin no earlier than one hour after the initial loading of waste into the incinerator. Hourly feed rate during hydrogen chloride performance tests shall be determined as the total amount of waste loaded into the incinerator between the beginning of the first sampling run of the day and the end of the last sampling run of the day, divided by the total number of hours elapsed.

3. For all incinerators with a rated capacity equal to or greater than 500 pounds per hour: dioxin and furan emissions.

C. Frequency of testing as required in subsection B of this section shall be required as follows.

1. For all incinerators: on-site initial performance tests.

2. For incinerators with a rated capacity equal to or greater than 1000 pounds per hour: on-site annual performance tests for dioxins and furans.

D. Regulated medical waste incinerators which are of standardized manufacture and are shipped as assembled incinerators from the factory of manufacture may be exempt from on-site initial particulate matter and carbon monoxide performance testing, provided that:

1. The incinerator has a rated capacity of less than 100 pounds per hour;

2. The manufacturer has obtained a satisfactory test on an identical incinerator of similar size and design certified by a registered engineer;

3. The test has been certified for the same type of waste as designated for the incinerator subject to the permit; and

4. The test results are submitted to the board and found acceptable (waste type, incinerator design, acceptable feed range, equivalent operating parameters, equivalent auxiliary fuel, acceptable methodology).

E. Required on-site testing shall be done while the incinerator is operated at 90% or greater of the rated capacity and operated by trained plant personnel only.

9VAC5-50-560. Monitoring. (Repealed.)

A. In addition to the provisions of 9VAC5-50-40 (Monitoring), the provisions of subsection B of this section apply.

B. The owner of an affected facility shall install, calibrate, maintain and operate equipment for continuously monitoring and recording emissions or process parameters or both as specified below in accordance with methods and procedures acceptable to the board.

1. For all incinerators with a rated capacity equal to or greater than 500 pounds per hour, continuous measurement and display is required for primary and secondary chamber temperatures. Thermocouples shall be located at or near the primary and secondary chamber exits.

2. For all incinerators with a rated capacity equal to or greater than 1000 pounds per hour, continuous recording is required for the secondary chamber temperature.

3. For all incinerators with a rated capacity equal to or greater than 1000 pounds per hour, continuous measurement, display and recording is required for opacity, with the output of the system recording on a six-minute average basis.

4. For all incinerators with a rated capacity equal to or greater than 1000 pounds per hour, continuous measurement, display and recording is required for carbon monoxide emissions, with carbon dioxide or oxygen diluent monitor.

5. A pH meter is required for each wet scrubber system.

6. A flow meter to measure the sorbent injection rate is required for each wet scrubber system.

9VAC5-50-570. Notification, records and reporting. (Repealed.)

A. In addition to the provisions of 9VAC5-50-50 (Notification, records and reporting), the provisions of subsections B through F of this section apply.

B. Following initial notification as required under 9VAC5-50-50 A 3, the owner of an affected facility shall submit the initial performance test data and the performance evaluation of the continuous emission monitoring systems using the applicable performance specifications in 40 CFR 60 Appendix B.

C. Following initial notification as required under 9VAC5-50-50 A 3, the owner of an affected facility shall submit quarterly compliance reports for hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, and secondary combustion chamber temperature to the board containing the information for each applicable pollutant or parameter. The hourly average values recorded under subdivision F 2 of this section are not required to be included in the quarterly reports. Such reports shall be postmarked no later than the 30th day following the end of each calendar quarter.

D. The owner of an affected facility shall submit quarterly excess emission reports, as applicable, for opacity. The quarterly excess emission reports shall include all information recorded under this subsection which pertains to opacity, and a listing of the six-minute average opacity levels recorded under this subsection for all periods when such six-minute average levels exceeded the opacity limit under 9VAC5-50-490. The quarterly report shall also list the percentage of the affected facility operating time for the calendar quarter during which the opacity continuous emission monitoring system was operating and collecting valid data. Such excess emission reports shall be postmarked no later than the 30th day following the end of each calendar quarter.

E. The owner of an affected facility shall submit reports to the board of all annual performance tests for dioxins and furans from the affected facility. Such reports shall be submitted when available but in no case later than the date of the required submittal of the quarterly report specified under subsection C of this section covering the calendar quarter following the quarter during which the test was conducted.

F. The owner of an affected facility shall maintain and make available to the board upon request records of the following information for a period of at least five years:

1. Dates of emission tests and continuous monitoring measurements.

2. The emission rates and parameters measured using performance tests or continuous emission or parameter monitoring, as applicable, as follows:

a. The following measurements shall be recorded in computer-readable format and on paper:

(1) The six-minute average opacity levels;

(2) All one-hour average hydrogen chloride emission rates at the inlet and outlet of the acid gas control device; and

(3) All one-hour average carbon monoxide emission rates and secondary combustion chamber temperatures.

b. The following average rates shall be computed and recorded:

(1) All 24-hour daily arithmetic average percentage reductions in hydrogen chloride emissions and all 24-hour daily arithmetic average hydrogen chloride emission rates;

(2) All operating cycle or 24-hour daily arithmetic average carbon monoxide emission rates, as applicable; and

(3) All four-hour block arithmetic average secondary combustion chamber temperatures.

3. Identification of the operating days when any of the average emission rates, percentage reductions, or operating parameters specified under this subsection or the opacity level have exceeded the applicable limit, with reasons for such exceedances as well as a description of corrective actions taken.

4. Identification of operating days for which the minimum number of hours of emissions rate or operational data have not been obtained, including reasons for not obtaining sufficient data and a description of corrective actions taken.

5. Identification of the times when emissions rate data have been excluded from the calculation of average emission rates or parameters and the reasons for excluding data.

6. The results of daily carbon monoxide continuous emission monitor system drift tests and accuracy assessments as required under 40 CFR 60, Appendix F, Procedure 1.

7. The results of all applicable performance tests conducted to determine compliance with the particulate matter, carbon monoxide, dioxins and furans, and hydrogen chloride limits.

8. Records of continuous emission or parameter monitoring system data for opacity, carbon monoxide, and secondary combustion chamber temperature.

9. For commercial regulated medical waste incinerators, records of the amount and types of waste brought in from off-site.

9VAC5-50-580. Registration. (Repealed.)

The provisions of 9VAC5-20-160 (Registration) apply.

9VAC5-50-590. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction. (Repealed.)

The provisions of 9VAC5-20-180 (Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction) apply.

9VAC5-50-600. Permits. (Repealed.)

A permit may be required prior to beginning any of the activities specified below if the provisions of this chapter and 9VAC5 Chapter 80 (9VAC5-80-10 et seq.) apply. Owners contemplating such action should review those provisions and contact the appropriate regional office for guidance on whether those provisions apply.

1. Construction of a facility.

2. Reconstruction (replacement of more than half) of a facility.

3. Modification (any physical change to equipment) of a facility.

4. Relocation of a facility.

5. Reactivation (re-startup) of a facility.

Title of Regulation: 9VAC5-91. Regulations for the Control of Motor Vehicle Emissions in the Northern Virginia Area (amending 9VAC5-91-20, 9VAC5-91-30, 9VAC5-91-50, 9VAC5-91-70, 9VAC5-91-330, 9VAC5-91-360, 9VAC5-91-390, 9VAC5-91-410, 9VAC5-91-420, 9VAC5-91-430, 9VAC5-91-440, 9VAC5-91-570, 9VAC5-91-640, 9VAC5-91-650, 9VAC5-91-660, 9VAC5-91-670, 9VAC5-91-680, 9VAC5-91-690, 9VAC5-91-700, 9VAC5-91-710, 9VAC5-91-720; adding 9VAC5-91-665, 9VAC5-91-675; repealing 9VAC5-91-200, 9VAC5-91-450).

Statutory Authority: § 46.2-1180 of the Code of Virginia; § 182 of the federal Clean Air Act; 40 CFR Part 51, Subpart S.

Effective Date: August 28, 2013.

Agency Contact: Mary E. Major, Department of Environmental Quality, 629 East Main Street, P.O. Box 1105, Richmond, VA 23218, telephone (804) 698-4423, FAX (804) 698-4510, TTY (804) 698-4021, or email mary.major@deq.virginia.gov.

Background: The current emissions inspection program requires that affected vehicles be presented to emissions inspection stations biennially to receive an emissions inspection. The geographic coverage of the program consists of the counties of Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, Prince William, and Stafford; and the cities of Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas, and Manassas Park. Cars and trucks weighing up to 10,000 pounds and that are 25 years old and newer are subject to an exhaust emissions inspection using ASM equipment, which tests cars under "loaded" conditions using a dynamometer. On-Board Diagnostics Systems (OBD) on vehicles so equipped will also be inspected. In addition, random testing of vehicles is accomplished using either roadside pullovers or a remote sensing device next to the roadway. Failing vehicles are required to report to an inspection for an out-of-cycle test.

Summary:

Amendments are made to conform vehicle inspection regulations to state law as follows:

1. Chapters 216 and 824 of the 2012 Acts of Assembly authorized the Director of the Department of Environmental Quality to enter into an agreement to designate a program coordinator to implement all inspection programs, except those utilizing remote sensing. It also stipulated that the director shall determine the services to be provided by the program coordinator and the amount to be paid to the program coordinator for such services.

2. Chapter 348 of the 2013 Acts of Assembly provides for the electronic transmittal of certain documents.

3. Chapter 634 of the 2013 Acts of the Assembly provides for the exemption from testing for certain hybrid vehicles.

9VAC5-91-20. Terms defined.

"Aborted test" means an emissions inspection procedure that has been initiated by the inspector but stopped and not completed due to inspector error or a vehicular problem that prevents completion of the test. Aborted tests are not tests that cannot be completed due to a "failed/invalid" result caused by an exhaust dilution problem or an engine condition that prevents the inspection from being completed.

"Acceleration Simulation Mode (ASM) 50-15 equipment" means dynamometer-based emissions test equipment used to perform an enhanced emissions test in one or more, discreet, simulated road speed and engine load modes.

"Acceleration Simulation Mode (ASM) 25-25 standards" means the standards utilized for one of the discreet modes of the ASM test of the enhanced emission inspection program.

"Access code" means the security phrase or number which allows authorized station personnel, the department, and analyzer service technicians to perform specific assigned functions using the certified analyzer system, as determined by the department. Depending on the assigned function, the access code is a personal password, a state password or a service password. Access code is not an identification number, but is used as an authenticator along with the identification number where such number is needed to perform specific tasks.

"Actual gross weight" means the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR).

"Administrator" means the administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or an authorized representative.

"Affected motor vehicle" means any motor vehicle or replica vehicle which:

1. Was manufactured or designated by the manufacturer as a model year less than 25 calendar years prior to January 1 of the present calendar year according to the formula, the current calendar year minus 24, except those identified by remote sensing as specified in subdivision 5 of this definition;

2. Is designed for the transportation of persons or property;

3. Is powered by an internal combustion engine;

4. For the Northern Virginia Emissions Inspection Program, has an actual gross weight of 10,000 pounds or less; and

5. For vehicles subject to the remote sensing requirements of 9VAC5-91-180, was designated by the manufacturer as model year 1968 or newer.

The term "affected motor vehicle" does not mean any:

1. Vehicle powered by a clean special fuel as defined in § 46.2-749.3 of the Code of Virginia, provided the federal Clean Air Act permits such exemptions for vehicles powered by clean special fuels;

2. Motorcycle;

3. Vehicle that at the time of its manufacture was not designed to meet emissions standards set or approved by the federal government;

4. Any antique motor vehicle as defined in § 46.2-100 of the Code of Virginia and licensed pursuant to § 46.2-730 of the Code of Virginia;

5. Firefighting equipment, rescue vehicle, or ambulance;

6. Vehicle for which no testing standards have been adopted by the board;

7. Tactical military vehicle; or

8. Qualified hybrid motor vehicle if such vehicle obtains a rating from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency of at least 50 miles per gallon, or 48 miles per gallon for model years 2008 or 2009, during city fuel economy tests unless identified by the remote sensing requirements of 9VAC5-91-180 as violating the on-road high emitter emissions standards for on-road testing.

"Air intake systems" means those systems that allow for the induction of ambient air (to include preheated air) into the engine combustion chamber for the purpose of mixing with a fuel for combustion.

"Air pollution" means the presence in the outdoor atmosphere of one or more substances which are or may be harmful or injurious to human health, welfare or safety; to animal or plant life; or to property; or which unreasonably interfere with the enjoyment by the people of life or property.

"Air Pollution Control Law" means Chapter 13 (§ 10.1-1300 et seq.) of Title 10.1 of the Code of Virginia.

"Air system" or "air injection system" means a system for providing supplementary air to promote further oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide gases and to assist catalytic reaction.

"Alternative fuel" means an internal combustion engine fuel other than (i) gasoline, (ii) diesel, or (iii) fuel mixtures containing more than 15% volume of gasoline.

"Alternative method" means any method of sampling and analyzing for an air pollutant that is not a reference method, but that has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the board, in specific cases, to produce results adequate for its determination of compliance.

"Authorized personnel" means department personnel, an individual designated by analyzer system manufacturer, station owner, licensed emissions inspector, program coordinator, station manager or other person as designated by the station manager.

"Basic engine systems" means those parts or assemblies which provide for the efficient conversion of a compressed air and fuel charge into useful power to include but not limited to valve train mechanisms, cylinder head to block integrity, piston-ring-cylinder sealing integrity and post-combustion emissions control device integrity.

"Basic test and repair program" means a motor vehicle emissions inspection system established by this chapter that designates the use of an OBD-II (on-board diagnostic system) with wireless capability and a two-speed idle analyzer as the only authorized testing equipment. Only those computer software programs and emissions testing procedures necessary to comply with the applicable provisions of Title I of the federal Clean Air Act shall be included. Such testing equipment shall be approvable for motor vehicle manufacturers' warranty repairs.

"Bi-fuel" means any motor vehicle capable of operating on one of two different fuels, usually gasoline and an alternative fuel, but not a mixture of the fuels. That is, only one fuel at a time.

"Board" means the State Air Pollution Control Board or its designated representative.

"Calibration" means establishing or verifying the response curve of a measurement device using several different measurements having precisely known quantities.

"Calibration gases" means gases of precisely known concentrations that are used as references for establishing or verifying the response curve of a measurement device.

"Canister" means a mechanical device capable of adsorbing and retaining hydrocarbon vapors.

"Catalytic converter" means a post combustion device that oxidizes hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide gases, and may also reduce oxides of nitrogen.

"Certificate of emissions inspection" means a document, device, or symbol, whether recorded in written or electronic form, as prescribed by the director and issued pursuant to this chapter, which indicates that (i) an affected motor vehicle has satisfactorily complied with the emissions standards and passed the emissions inspection provided for in this chapter; (ii) the requirement of compliance with the emissions standards has been temporarily waived; or (iii) the affected motor vehicle has failed the emissions inspection.

"Certified emissions repair facility" means a facility, or portion of a facility, that has obtained a certification in accordance with Part VII (9VAC5-91-500 et seq.) to perform emissions related repairs on motor vehicles.

"Certified emissions repair technician" means a person who has obtained a certification in accordance with Part VIII (9VAC5-91-550 et seq.) to perform emissions related repairs on motor vehicles.

"Certified enhanced analyzer system" or "analyzer system" means the complete system that samples and reads concentrations of hydrocarbon, carbon dioxide, nitric oxides and carbon monoxide gases or interrogates the vehicle OBD system or both, and that is approved by the department for use in the Enhanced Emissions Inspection Program in accordance with Part X (9VAC5-91-640 et seq.). The analyzer system includes the exhaust gas handling system, the exhaust gas analyzer, evaporative system pressure test equipment, associated automation hardware and software, data media, the analyzer system cabinet, the dynamometer and appurtenant devices dynamometer control devices, vehicle identification equipment, printer, and associated cooling and exhaust fans and gas cylinders calibration gases. The analyzer system does not include the dynamometer and associated cooling and exhaust fans that are supplied by the inspection station.

"Certified thermometer" means a laboratory grade ambient temperature-measuring device with a range of at least 20°F through 120°F, and an attested accuracy of at least 1°F with increments of 1°, with protective shielding.

"Chargeable inspection" means a completed inspection on an affected motor vehicle, for which the station owner is entitled to collect an inspection fee. No fee shall be paid for (i) inspections for which a certificate of emissions inspection has not been issued, (ii) inspections that are conducted by the department for referee purposes, (iii) inspections which were ordered due to on-road test failures but which result in an emissions inspection "pass" at an inspection station, or (iv) the first reinspection done at the same station that performed the initial inspection within 14 days. An inspection ordered by the department due to an on-road test failure that results in a confirmation test failure at an emissions inspection station is a chargeable inspection.

"Clean screen vehicle" means a vehicle that has been identified by the on-road inspector as having met the criteria in 9VAC5-91-185 A or B and is eligible to participate in the on-road clean screen program.

"Clean screen vehicle notification" means a document, device, or symbol, whether recorded in written or electronic form, as prescribed by the director and issued pursuant to this chapter, that (i) indicates that an affected motor vehicle has satisfactorily complied with the clean screen vehicle emissions standards for on-road testing, and (ii) may be used by the motor vehicle owner to voluntarily comply with the vehicle registration requirements of § 46.2-1183 of the Code of Virginia. The notification shall also indicate that the motor vehicle owner may obtain an emissions inspection from an emissions inspection station.

"Clean screen vehicle standard" means any provision of 9VAC5-91-185 that prescribes an emission limitation, or other criteria used to select clean screen vehicles.

"Confirmation test" means an emissions inspection required due to a determination that the vehicle exceeds the on-road high emitter emissions standards prescribed in 9VAC5-91-180 B. The confirmation emissions inspection procedure may include an exhaust test (ASM or TSI), OBD system test or both.

"Consent order" means a mutual agreement between the department and any owner, operator, emissions inspector, or emissions repair technician that such owner or other person will perform specific actions for the purpose of diminishing or abating the causes of air pollution or for the purpose of coming into compliance with this chapter. A consent order may include agreed upon civil charges. Such orders may be issued without a formal hearing.

"Curb idle" means vehicle operation whereby the transmission is disengaged and the engine is operated with the throttle in the closed or idle stop position with the resultant engine speed between 400 and 1,250 revolutions per minute (rpm), or at another idle speed if so specified by the manufacturer.

"Data handling system" means all the computer hardware, software and peripheral equipment used to conduct emissions inspections and manage the enhanced emissions inspection program.

"Data medium" or "data media" means the medium media contained in the certified analyzer system and used to electronically record test data.

"Day" means a 24-hour period beginning at midnight.

"Dedicated alternative fuel vehicle" means a vehicle that was configured by the vehicle manufacturer to operate only on one specific fuel other than (i) gasoline, (ii) diesel, or (iii) fuel mixtures containing more than 15% by volume of gasoline.

"Dedicated-fuel vehicle" means a vehicle that was designed and manufactured to operate and operates on one specific fuel.

"Department" means any employee or other representative of the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, as designated by the director.

"Director" means the director of the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality or a designated representative.

"Dual fuel" means a vehicle that operates on a combination of fuels, usually gasoline or diesel and an alternative fuel, at the same time. That is, the mixed fuels are introduced into the combustion chamber of the engine.

"Emissions control equipment" means any part, assembly or equipment originally installed by the manufacturer in or on a motor vehicle for the sole or primary purpose of reducing emissions.

"Emissions control systems" means any system consisting of parts, assemblies or equipment originally installed by the manufacturer in or on a motor vehicle for the primary purpose of reducing emissions.

"Emissions inspection" means an emissions inspection of a motor vehicle performed by an emissions inspector employed by or working at an emissions inspection station or fleet emissions inspection station, using the tests, procedures, and provisions set forth in this chapter.

"Emissions inspection station" means a facility or portion of a facility that has obtained an emissions inspection station permit from the director authorizing the facility to perform emissions inspections in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.

"Emissions inspector" means, except for an on-road emissions inspector, a person licensed by the department to perform inspections of vehicles required under the Virginia Motor Vehicle Emissions Control Law and is qualified in accordance with this chapter.

"Emissions standard" means any provision of Part III (9VAC5-91-160 et seq.) or Part XIV (9VAC5-91-790 et seq.) that prescribes an emission limitation, or other emission control requirements for motor vehicle air pollution.

"Empty weight (EW)" means that weight stated as the EW on a Virginia motor vehicle registration or derived from the motor vehicle title or manufacturer's certificate of origin. The EW may be used to determine emissions inspection standards.

"Enhanced emissions inspection program" means a motor vehicle emissions inspection system established by this chapter that designates, as the only authorized testing equipment for emissions inspection stations, (i) the use of the ASM 50-15 (acceleration simulation mode or method) together with an OBD-II (on-board diagnostic system) with wireless capability, (ii) the use of the ASM 50-15 together with the use of a dynamometer, and (iii) two-speed tailpipe testing equipment. Possession and availability of a dynamometer shall be required for enhanced emissions inspection stations. Only those computer software programs and emissions testing procedures necessary to comply with applicable provisions of Title I of the federal Clean Air Act shall be included. Such testing equipment shall be approvable for motor vehicle manufacturers' warranty repairs. An enhanced emissions inspection program shall include remote sensing and an on-road clean screen program as provided in this chapter.

"EPA" means the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

"Equivalent test weight (ETW)" or "emission test weight" means the weight of a motor vehicle as automatically determined by the emissions analyzer system based on vehicle make, model, body, style, model year, engine size, permanently installed equipment, and other manufacturer and aftermarket supplied information, and used for the purpose of assigning dynamometer resistance and exhaust emissions standards for the conduct of an exhaust emissions inspection.

"Evaporative system pressure test" or "pressure test" means a physical test of the evaporative emission control system on a motor vehicle to determine whether the evaporative system vents emissions of volatile organic compounds from the fuel tank and fuel system to an on-board emission control device, and prevents their release to the ambient air under normal vehicle operating conditions. Such testing shall only be conducted at emissions inspection stations upon installation of approved equipment and software necessary for performing the test, as determined by the director.

"Exhaust gas analyzer" or "gas analyzer" means an instrument exhaust gas handling system that is capable of measuring the concentrations of certain air pollutants in the exhaust gas from a motor vehicle.

"Facility" means something that is built, installed or established to serve a particular purpose; includes, but is not limited to, buildings, installations, public works, businesses, commercial and industrial plants, shops and stores, apparatus, processes, operations, structures, and equipment of all types.

"Federal Clean Air Act" means Chapter 85 (§ 7401 et seq.) of Title 42 of the United States Code.

"Fleet" means 20 or more motor vehicles that are owned, operated, leased or rented for use by a common owner.

"Fleet emissions inspection station" means any inspection facility operated under a permit issued to a qualified fleet owner or lessee as determined by the director.

"Flexible-fuel vehicle" means any motor vehicle capable of operating on two or more fuels, either one at a time or any mixture of two or more different fuels.

"Formal hearing" means a board or department process that provides for the right of private parties to submit factual proofs as provided in § 2.2-4020 of the Administrative Process Act in connection with case decisions. Formal hearings do not include the factual inquiries of an informal nature provided in § 2.2-4019 of the Administrative Process Act.

"Fuel control systems" means those mechanical, electro-mechanical, galvanic or electronic parts or assemblies which regulate the air-to-fuel ratio in an engine for the purpose of providing a combustible charge.

"Fuel filler cap pressure test" or "gas cap pressure test" means a test of the ability of the fuel filler cap to prevent the release of fuel vapors from the fuel tank under normal operating conditions.

"Gas span" means the adjustment of an exhaust gas analyzer to correspond with known concentrations of gases.

"Gas span check" means a procedure using known concentrations of gases to verify the gas span adjustment of an a gas analyzer.

"Gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR)" means the maximum recommended combined weight of the motor vehicle and its load as prescribed by the manufacturer and is (i) expressed on a permanent identification label affixed to the motor vehicle; (ii) stated on the manufacturer's certificate of origin; or (iii) coded in the vehicle identification number. If the GVWR can be determined it shall be one element used to determine emissions inspection standards and test type. If the GVWR is unavailable, the department may make a determination based on the best available evidence including manufacturer reference, information coded in the vehicle identification number, or other available sources of information from which to make the determination.

"Heavy duty gasoline vehicle (HDGV)" means a heavy duty vehicle using gasoline as its fuel.

"Heavy duty vehicle (HDV)" means any affected motor vehicle (i) which is rated at more than 8,500 pounds GVWR or (ii) which has a loaded vehicle weight or GVWR of more than 6,000 pounds and has a basic frontal area in excess of 45 square feet.

"High emitter value" means the values in Table III-B of 9VAC5-91-180 that are used to determine vehicles in violation of the on-road high emitter emissions standard.

"Identification number" means the number assigned by the department to uniquely identify department personnel, an emissions inspection station, a certified emissions repair facility, a licensed emissions inspector, a certified emissions repair technician or other authorized personnel as necessary for specific tasks.

"Idle mode" means a condition where the vehicle engine is warm and running at the rate specified by the manufacturer as curb idle, where the engine is not propelling the vehicle, and where the throttle is in the closed or idle stop position.

"Ignition systems" means those parts or assemblies that are designed to cause and time the ignition of a compressed air and fuel charge.

"Implementation plan" means the plan, including any revision thereof, that has been submitted by the Commonwealth and approved in Subpart VV of 40 CFR Part 52 by the administrator under § 110 of the federal Clean Air Act, or promulgated in Subpart VV of 40 CFR Part 52 by the administrator under § 110(c) of the federal Clean Air Act, or promulgated or approved by the administrator pursuant to regulations promulgated under § 301(d) of the federal Clean Air Act and that implements the relevant requirements of the federal Clean Air Act.

"Informal fact finding" means an informal conference or consultation proceeding used to ascertain the fact basis for case decisions as provided in § 2.2-4019 of the Administrative Process Act.

"Initial inspection" means the first complete emissions inspection of a motor vehicle conducted in accordance with the biennial inspection requirement and for which a valid vehicle emissions inspection report was issued. Any test following the initial inspection is a retest or reinspection.

"Inspection area" means in reference to an emissions inspection station, (i) the area that is occupied by the certified analyzer system and the vehicle being inspected or (ii) for only an OBD II test, the area within wireless range that is on the property on which the inspection station is located.

"Inspection fee" means the amount of money that (i) the emissions inspection station may collect from the motor vehicle owner for each chargeable inspection or (ii) an on-road emissions inspector may collect from the motor vehicle owner in response to a clean screen vehicle notification.

"Light duty gasoline vehicle (LDGV)" means a light duty vehicle using gasoline as its fuel.

"Light duty gasoline truck (LDGT1)" means a light duty truck 1 using gasoline as its fuel.

"Light duty gasoline truck (LDGT2)" means a light duty truck 2 using gasoline as its fuel.

"Light duty truck (LDT)" means any affected motor vehicle which (i) has a loaded vehicle weight or GVWR of 6,000 pounds or less and meets any one of the criteria below; or (ii) is rated at more than 6,000 pounds GVWR but less than 8,500 pounds GVWR and has a basic vehicle frontal area of 45 square feet or less; and meets one of the following criteria:

1. Designed primarily for purposes of transportation of property or is a derivation of such a vehicle.

2. Designed primarily for transportation of persons and has a capacity of more than 12 persons.

3. Equipped with special features enabling off-street or off-highway operation and use.

"Light duty truck 1 (LDT1)" means any light duty truck rated at 6,000 pounds GVWR or less. LDT1 is a subset of light duty trucks.

"Light duty truck 2 (LDT2)" means any light duty truck rated at greater than 6,000 pounds GVWR. LDT2 is a subset of light duty trucks.

"Light duty vehicle (LDV)" means an affected motor vehicle that is a passenger car or passenger car derivative capable of seating 12 passengers or less.

"Loaded vehicle weight (LVW)" or "curb weight" means the weight of a vehicle and its standard equipment; i.e., the empty weight as recorded on the vehicle's registration or the base shipping weight as recorded in the vehicle identification number, whichever is greater; plus the weight of any permanent attachments, the weight of a nominally filled fuel tank, plus 300 pounds.

"Locality" means a city, town, or county created by or pursuant to state law.

"Mobile fleet emissions inspection station" means a facility or entity that provides emissions inspection equipment or services to a fleet emissions inspection station on a temporary basis. Such equipment is not permanently installed at the fleet facility but is temporarily located at the fleet facility for the sole purpose of testing vehicles owned, operated, leased or rented for use by a common owner.

"Model year" means, except as may be otherwise defined in this chapter, the motor vehicle manufacturer's annual production period which includes the time period from January 1 of the calendar year prior to the stated model year to December 31 of the calendar year of the stated model year; provided that, if the manufacturer has no annual production period, the term "model year" shall mean the calendar year of manufacture. For the purpose of this definition, model year is applied to the vehicle chassis, irrespective of the year of manufacture of the vehicle engine.

"Monitors" means those computer programs in the on-board vehicle computer that evaluate the various emissions components and systems to determine status of such components and systems.

"Motor vehicle" means any motor vehicle as defined in § 46.2-100 of the Code of Virginia as a motor vehicle and that:

1. Is designed for the transportation of persons or property; and

2. Is powered by an internal combustion engine.

"Motor vehicle dealer" means a person who is licensed by the Department of Motor Vehicles in accordance with §§ 46.2-1500 and 46.2-1508 of the Code of Virginia.

"Motor vehicle emissions" means any emissions related information that can be captured through (i) a basic test and repair inspection, (ii) enhanced emissions inspection, or (iii) on-road testing.

"Motor vehicle inspection report" means a printed certificate of emissions inspection that is a report of the results of an emissions inspection. It indicates whether the motor vehicle has (i) passed, (ii) failed, or (iii) obtained a temporary emissions inspection waiver. It may also indicate whether the emissions inspection could not be completed due to an exhaust dilution or an engine condition that prevents the inspection from being completed. The report shall accurately identify the motor vehicle and shall include inspection results, recall information provided by the department, warranty and repair information, and a unique identification number.

"Motor vehicle owner" means any person who owns, leases, operates, or controls a motor vehicle or fleet of motor vehicles.

"Nonconforming vehicle" means a vehicle not manufactured for sale in the United States to conform to emissions standards established by the federal government.

"Normal business hours" for emissions inspection stations, means a daily eight-hour period Monday through Friday, between the hours of 8 a.m. and 6 p.m., with the exception of national holidays, state holidays, temporary closures noticed to the department and closures due to the inability to meet the requirements of this chapter. Nothing in this chapter shall prevent stations from performing inspections at other times in addition to the "normal business hours." Emissions inspection stations may, with the approval of the department, substitute a combined total of eight hours, between 8 a.m. and 6 p.m., over a weekend period for one weekday as their "normal business hours" for conducting emission inspections. Emissions inspection stations shall post inspection hours.

"Northern Virginia emissions inspection program" means the emissions inspection program required by this chapter in the Northern Virginia program area.

"Northern Virginia program area" or "program area" means the territorial area encompassed by the boundaries of the following localities: the counties of Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, Prince William, and Stafford; and the cities of Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas, and Manassas Park.

"On-board diagnostic system (OBD system)" means the computerized emissions control diagnostic system installed on model year 1996 and newer affected motor vehicles.

"On-board diagnostic system test (OBD) system test (OBD test)" means an evaluation of the OBD system pursuant to either 40 CFR 86.094-17 (2009 CFR) or 40 CFR 86.099-17 as applicable, according to procedures specified in 40 CFR 85.2222 and this chapter.

"On-board diagnostic vehicle (OBD vehicle)" means a model year 1996 and newer model affected motor vehicle equipped with an on-board diagnostic system and meeting the requirements of 40 CFR 85.2231.

"On-road clean screen program" means a program that allows a motor vehicle owner to voluntarily certify compliance with emissions standards by means of on-road remote sensing.

"On-road emissions inspector" means the entity or entities authorized by the Department of Environmental Quality to perform on-road testing, including on-road testing in accordance with the on-road clean screen program.

"On-road emissions measurement" means data obtained through on-road testing.

"On-road high emitter emissions standard" means any provision of 9VAC5-91-180 that prescribes an emission limitation, or other emission control requirements for motor vehicle emissions. The on-road high emitter emissions standard shall be determined by multiplying the high emitter value in Table III-B of 9VAC5-91-180 with the appropriate ASM 25-25 standard in 9VAC5-91-810 or the TSI standard in Table III-A of 9VAC5-91-160.

"On-road testing" means tests of motor vehicle emissions or emissions control devices by means of roadside pullovers or remote sensing devices.

"Operated primarily" means motor vehicle operation that constitutes routine operation into or within the program area as evidenced by observation using remote sensing equipment at least three times in a 60-day period with no less than 30 days between the first and last observation. The director may increase the number of observations required for compliance determination if, in his discretion, based on program experience, such an increase would not significantly adversely impact the objectives of this chapter. The term "operated primarily" shall be used to identify motor vehicle operation that is subject to the exhaust emission standards for on-road testing through remote sensing set forth in 9VAC5-91-180. The term "operated primarily" shall not be used to identify motor vehicle operation that will subject the vehicle to the compliance provisions set forth in 9VAC5-91-160 and 9VAC5-91-170 for biennial emissions inspections.

"Order" means any decision or directive of the board or the director, including orders, consent orders, and orders of all types rendered for the purpose of diminishing or abating the causes of air pollution or enforcement of this chapter. Unless specified otherwise in this chapter, orders shall only be issued after the appropriate administrative proceeding.

"Original condition" means the condition of the vehicle, parts, and components as installed by the manufacturer but not necessarily to the original level of effectiveness.

"Owner" means any person who owns, leases, operates, controls or supervises a facility or motor vehicle.

"Party" means any person who actively participates in the administrative proceeding or offers comments through the public participation process and is named in the administrative record. The term "party" also means the department.

"Person" means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, a governmental body, a municipal corporation, or any other legal entity.

"Pollutant" means any substance the presence of which in the outdoor atmosphere is or may be harmful or injurious to human health, welfare or safety, to animal or plant life, or to property, or which unreasonably interferes with the enjoyment by the people of life or property.

"Program coordinator" means any person or corporation that has entered into a contract with the director to provide services in accordance with Part X (9VAC5-91-640 et seq.) and other services not to include remote sensing.

"Qualified hybrid motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle that (i) meets or exceeds all applicable regulatory requirements, (ii) meets or exceeds the applicable federal motor vehicle emissions standards for gasoline-powered passenger cars, and (iii) can draw propulsion energy both from gasoline or diesel fuel and a rechargeable energy storage system.

"Reconstructed vehicle" means every vehicle of a type required to be registered under Title 46.2 (§ 46.2-100 et seq.) of the Code of Virginia, materially altered from its original construction by the removal, addition or substitution of new or used essential parts. Such vehicles, at the discretion of the Department of Motor Vehicles, shall retain their original vehicle identification number, line-make, and model year.

"Referee station" or "referee facility" means those facilities operated or used by the department to (i) determine program effectiveness, (ii) resolve emissions inspection conflicts between motor vehicle owners and emissions inspection stations, and (iii) provide such other technical support and information, as appropriate, to emissions inspection stations and motor vehicle owners.

"Reference method" means any method of sampling and analyzing for an air pollutant as described in Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 60.

"Reinspection" or "retest" means a type of inspection selected by the department or the emissions inspector when a request for an inspection is due to a previous failure. Any inspection that occurs 120 days or less following the most recent chargeable inspection is a retest.

"Rejected" or "rejected from testing" means that the vehicle cannot be inspected due to conditions in accordance with 9VAC5-91-420 C or 9VAC5-91-420 G 3.

"Remote sensing" means the measurement of motor vehicle emissions through electronic or light-sensing equipment from a remote location such as the roadside. Remote sensing equipment may include devices to detect and record the vehicle's registration or other identification numbers.

"Replica vehicle" means every vehicle of a type required to be registered under Title 46.2 (§ 46.2-100 et seq.) of the Code of Virginia not fully constructed by a licensed manufacturer but either constructed or assembled from components. Such components may be from a single vehicle, multiple vehicles, a kit, parts, or fabricated components. The kit may be made up of "major components" as defined in § 46.2-1600 of the Code of Virginia, a full body, or a full chassis, or a combination of these parts. The vehicle shall resemble a vehicle of distinctive name, line-make, model, or type as produced by a licensed manufacturer or manufacturer no longer in business and is not a reconstructed or specially constructed vehicle. Any vehicle registered as a replica vehicle shall meet emission requirements as established for the model year of which the vehicle is a replica.

"Sensitive mission vehicle" means any vehicle which, for law enforcement or national security reasons, cannot be tested in the public inspection system and must not be identified through the fleet testing system. For such vehicles, an autonomous fleet testing system may be established by agreement between the controlling agency and the director.

"Span gas" means gases of known concentration used as references to adjust or verify the accuracy of an exhaust gas analyzer that are approved by the department and are so labeled.

"Specially constructed vehicle" means any vehicle that was not originally constructed under a distinctive name, make, model, or type by a generally recognized manufacturer of vehicles and not a reconstructed vehicle as defined in this section.

"Specific engine family" means a group of motor vehicles with the same vehicle type, make, year, and engine size.

"Standard conditions" means a temperature of 20°C (68°F) and a pressure of 760 mm of H_g (29.92 inches of H_g).

"Standardized instruments" or "standardizing instruments" means laboratory instruments calibrated with precision gases traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology and accepted by the department as the standards to be used for comparison purposes. All candidate instruments are compared in performance to the standardized instruments.

"Tactical military vehicle" means any motor vehicle designed to military specifications or a commercially designed motor vehicle modified to military specifications to meet direct transportation support of combat, tactical, or military relief operations, or training of personnel for such operations.

"Tampering" means to alter, remove or otherwise disable or reduce the effectiveness of emissions control equipment on a motor vehicle.

"Test" means an emissions inspection of a vehicle, or any portion thereof, performed by an emissions inspector at an emissions inspection station, using the procedures and provisions set forth in this chapter.

"Test and repair" means motor vehicle emissions inspection stations that perform emissions inspections and may also perform vehicle repairs. No provision of this chapter shall bar emissions inspection stations from also performing vehicle repairs.

"Thermostatic air cleaner" means a system that supplies temperature-regulated air to the air intake system during engine operation.

"True concentration" means the concentration of the gases of interest as measured by a standardized instrument that has been calibrated with 1.0% precision gases traceable to the National Bureau of Standards.

"Two-speed idle test (TSI)" means a vehicle exhaust emissions test, performed in accordance with section (II) of 40 CFR Part 51, Appendix B to Subpart S, which measures the concentrations of pollutants in the exhaust gases of an engine (i) while the motor vehicle transmission is not propelling the vehicle and (ii) while the engine is operated at both curb idle and at a nominal engine speed of 2,500 rpm.

"Vehicle emissions index" means the ranking of probable emissions inspection failure-rates of affected motor vehicles. Values within the index are determined by calculating a percentile of the historical emissions inspection failure-rates of a specific engine family, and comparing that to the historical emissions inspection failure-rates of all engine families in a specific model year group. Motor vehicles with the highest percentage of failure rates have the highest ranking on the index. Failure rates are based on the two most recent calendar years of emissions inspection test data from the Virginia Motor Vehicle Emissions Control Program.

"Vehicle specific power (VSP)" means an indicator expressed as a function of vehicle speed, acceleration, drag coefficient, tire rolling resistance and roadway grade that is used to characterize the load a vehicle is operating under at the time and place a vehicle is measured by remote sensing equipment. It is calculated using the following formula:

VSP = 4.39 x Sine (Site Grade in Degrees/57.3) x Speed + K1

x Speed x Acceleration + K2 x Speed + K3 x Speed³.

Where:

VSP = vehicle specific power indicator;

Sine = the trigonometric function that for an acute angle is the ratio between the side opposite the angle when it is considered part of a right triangle and the hypotenuse;

Site Grade in Degrees = slope of road where remote sensing measurement is taken;

K1, K2 and K3 = empirically determined coefficients specific to the weight class of the vehicle;

Speed = rate of motion in miles per hour of vehicle at the time remote sensing measurement is taken; and

Acceleration = change in speed in miles per hour per second.

For light duty vehicles the values for K1, K2 and K3 are respectively 0.22, 0.0954 and 0.0000272. Based on EPA guidance, the department may develop different values for K1, K2 and K3 that are applicable to heavy duty vehicles or to specific classes of light duty vehicles.

"Virginia Motor Vehicle Emissions Control Program" means the program for the inspection and control of motor vehicle emissions established by Virginia Motor Vehicle Emissions Control Law.

"Virginia Motor Vehicle Emissions Control Law" means Article 22 (§ 46.2-1176 et seq.) of Chapter 10 of Title 46.2 of the Code of Virginia.

"Visible smoke" means any air pollutant, other than visible water droplets, consisting of black, gray, blue or blue-black airborne particulate matter emanating from the exhaust system or crankcase. Visible smoke does not mean steam.

"Zero gas" means a gas, usually air or nitrogen, which is used as a reference for establishing or verifying the zero point of an exhaust gas analyzer.

Part II
General Provisions

9VAC5-91-30. Applicability and authority of the department.

A. The provisions of this chapter, unless specified otherwise, apply to the following:

1. Any owner of an affected motor vehicle, including new motor vehicles, specified in subsection B of this section. References made to responsibilities or requirements applicable to an affected motor vehicle shall mean that the owner shall be responsible for compliance with all applicable provisions of this chapter.

2. Any owner of an emissions inspection station or fleet emissions inspection station under the auspices of the enhanced emissions inspection program. References made to responsibilities or requirements of emissions inspection stations or fleet emissions inspection stations shall mean that the owner, permittee or certificate holder, as appropriate, shall be responsible for compliance with all applicable provisions of this chapter.

3. Any person who conducts an emissions inspection under the auspices of the enhanced emissions inspection program.

4. Any owner of an emissions repair facility performing emissions repairs on motor vehicles affected by this chapter. References made to responsibilities or requirements of certified emissions repair facilities shall mean that the owner, permittee or certificate holder, as appropriate, shall be responsible for compliance with all applicable provisions of this chapter.

5. Any emissions repair technician performing emissions repairs on motor vehicles affected by this chapter.

6. Any on-road emissions inspector conducting on-road testing.

7. Any person or corporation that has entered into a contract with the director to provide services in accordance with this chapter.

B. The provisions of this chapter, unless specified otherwise, apply to the following affected motor vehicles:

1. Any affected motor vehicle, including new motor vehicles, registered by the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles and garaged within the Northern Virginia program area.

2. Any affected motor vehicle, including new motor vehicles, registered by the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles and garaged outside of the Northern Virginia program area but operated primarily in the Northern Virginia program area.

3. Any affected motor vehicle, including new motor vehicles not registered by the Department of Motor Vehicles but operated primarily in the Northern Virginia program area.

4. Any affected motor vehicle, including new motor vehicles owned or operated as part of a fleet located outside the Northern Virginia program area but operated primarily in the Northern Virginia program area.

C. As provided in the Virginia Motor Vehicle Emissions Control Law, affected motor vehicles shall be submitted for biennial emissions inspections and shall be in compliance with this chapter.

1. Motor vehicles having obtained a valid enhanced emissions inspection pass from another program area or another state within the most recent 12 months may be determined by the director to be in compliance with the enhanced emissions inspection required by this chapter for initial registration in Virginia. The valid period for such emissions inspection shall be one year. The proof of emissions inspection results from an enhanced emissions inspection program shall be presented to the Department of Motor Vehicles in such cases. The vehicle and proof of compliance may be presented to the department for verification purposes in order to resolve questions or disputes. Such vehicles are subject to all other provisions of this chapter.

2. The director may temporarily defer the emissions inspection requirement for motor vehicles registered in but temporarily located outside the program area at the time of such requirement based on information including, but not limited to, the location of the vehicle, the reason for and length of its temporary location, and demonstration that it is not practical or reasonable to return the vehicle to the program area for inspection. All such information shall be provided by the owner and is subject to verification by the department.

3. Clean screen vehicles may be determined by the director to be in compliance with the enhanced emissions inspection required by this chapter.

D. Motor vehicles being titled for the first time shall be considered to have an enhanced emissions inspection valid for two years. Such vehicles are not exempt from the emissions inspection program and are subject to all other provisions of this chapter.

E. Pursuant to § 46.2-1180 B of the Motor Vehicle Emissions Control Law, motor vehicles of the current model year and the four immediately preceding model years, held for resale in a licensed motor vehicle dealer's inventory, may be registered for one year upon sale without obtaining an emissions inspection in accordance with conditions enumerated below.

1. The vehicle must be registered in the program area.

2. The vehicle has not failed nor received a waiver during its most recent emissions inspection.

3. The vehicle has not previously been registered under the provisions of this subsection.

4. The motor vehicle dealer guarantees in writing to the customer and to the department that the emissions equipment on the motor vehicle is operating in compliance with the warranty of the manufacturer or distributor, or both if applicable, at the time of sale.

a. The document supplied must describe the method by which this compliance was determined and provide a copy of any emissions readings obtained from the vehicle for the purpose of making this showing.

b. The document must state in prominent or bold print that the certification in no way warrants or guarantees that the vehicle complied with the emission standards used in the Virginia enhanced emissions inspection program, or similar language approved by the department and that the customer has a right to request an emissions inspection, which may be at the expense of the customer, in lieu of the one year emissions validation period authorized by this subsection.

5. A written request, including the documentation cited above, must be presented to the department not more than 30 days prior to the date of sale so that the department can record such temporary emissions validation period and furnish it to the Department of Motor Vehicles.

6. Such temporary validation period shall not be granted more than once for any motor vehicle.

7. For the purposes of this subsection, any used motor vehicle will be considered to be one model year old on the first day of October of the next calendar year after the model year described on the vehicle title or registration, and shall increase in age by one year on the first day of each October thereafter.

F. Owners or operators of fleets, including fleets of government vehicles and sensitive mission vehicles, shall provide a report to the department annually containing information regarding vehicles operated in the program area sufficient to determine compliance with this chapter. The report shall contain information deemed necessary by the department to determine compliance. Such information shall include, but not be limited to, (i) number of vehicles, (ii) compliance method, and (iii) results of any inspections. Reports shall be in a format and according to a schedule acceptable to the department.

G. Manufacturers and distributors of emissions testing equipment are prohibited from directly or indirectly owning or operating any emissions testing facility or having any direct or indirect financial interest in any such facility other than the leasing of or providing financing for equipment related to emissions testing.

H. The provisions of this chapter, unless specified otherwise, apply only to those pollutants for which emission standards are set forth in Part III (9VAC5-91-160 et seq.) and Part XIV (9VAC5-91-790 et seq.).

I. Applicants for inspection station permits and emissions repair facility certificates shall have a Virginia business license and the application shall only be for a facility in Virginia.

J. By the adoption of this chapter, the board confers upon the department the administrative, enforcement and decision making authority enumerated herein.

9VAC5-91-50. Documents incorporated by reference.

A. The Administrative Process Act and Virginia Register Act provide that state regulations may incorporate documents by reference. Throughout this chapter, documents of the types specified below have been incorporated by reference.

1. United States Code.

2. Code of Virginia.

3. Code of Federal Regulations.

4. Federal Register.

5. Technical and scientific reference documents.

Additional information on key federal regulations and nonstatutory documents incorporated by reference and their availability may be found in subsection E of this section.

B. Any reference in this chapter to any provision of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) shall be considered as the adoption by reference of that provision. The specific version of the provision adopted by reference shall be that contained in the latest revision to the CFR in effect on July 1, 2001 July 1, 2012, unless noted otherwise. In making reference to the Code of Federal Regulations, 40 CFR Part 35 means Part 35 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations; 40 CFR 35.20 means § 35.20 in Part 35 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations.

C. Failure to include in this section any document referenced in this chapter shall not invalidate the applicability of the referenced document.

D. Copies of materials incorporated by reference in this section may be examined by the public at the central office of the Department of Environmental Quality, Air Division, Eighth Floor, 629 East Main Street, Richmond, Virginia, between 8:30 a.m. and 4:30 p.m. of each business day.

E. Information on federal regulations and nonstatutory documents incorporated by reference and their availability may be found below in this subsection.

1. Code of Federal Regulations.

a. The provisions specified below from the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) are incorporated herein by reference:

(1) 40 CFR Part 51 - Requirements for Preparation, Adoption and Submittal of Implementation Plans, specifically Subpart S (Inspection and Maintenance Program Requirements).

(2) 40 CFR Part 85 - Control of Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Engines, specifically Subpart W (Emission Control System Performance Warranty Short Tests).

b. Copies may be obtained from: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402; phone (202) 783-3238.

2. Environmental Protection Agency, Motor Vehicle Emissions Laboratory.

a. The following document is incorporated herein by reference: Environmental Protection Agency technical report, "EPA Recommended Practice for Naming I/M Calibration Gas," EPA-AA-TSS-83-8-B, September 1983.

b. The following document is incorporated herein by reference: Environmental Protection Agency technical guidance, Acceleration Simulation Mode Test Procedures, Emission Standards, Quality Control Requirements, and Equipment Specifications," EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2, July 1996 EPA420-B-04-011, July 2004.

c. Copies may be obtained from: Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, 2000 Traverwood, Ann Arbor, MI 48105.

3. Building Officials & Code Administrators International, Inc.

a. The following document is incorporated herein by reference: The BOCA National Mechanical Code/1993, Eighth Edition.

b. Copies may be obtained from: Building Officials & Code Administrators International, Inc., 4051 West Flossmoor Road, Country Club Hills, Illinois 60478-5795.

9VAC5-91-70. Appeal of case decisions.

A. Any owner, emissions inspector, emissions repair technician, or other party significantly affected by any action of the director or the department taken without a formal hearing may request a formal hearing in accordance with § 2.2-4020 of the Administrative Process Act, provided a formal hearing has not been waived and a petition requesting such formal hearing is filed with the director within 30 days after notice of the action is mailed, by postal or electronic delivery, or delivered to such owner, emissions inspector, emissions repair technician, or party requesting notification of such action.

B. In cases where the director or the department fails to make a case decision within the time frame specified by § 2.2-4021, the owner, emissions inspector, emissions repair technician, or other party significantly affected, may provide written notice to the director that a decision is due in accordance with § 2.2-4021 of the Administrative Process Act. Appeals thereafter shall be in accordance with the Administrative Process Act.

C. Prior to any formal hearing, an informal fact finding shall be held pursuant to § 2.2-4019 of the Administrative Process Act, unless the named party and the director consent to waive the informal fact finding and go directly to a formal hearing.

D. Any decision of the director resulting from a formal hearing or from an informal fact finding wherein the parties have agreed to waive a formal hearing shall constitute the final decision for purposes of Article V (§ 2.2-4025 et seq.) of the Administrative Process Act.

E. Judicial review of any final decision shall be in accordance with Article V (§ 2.2-4025 et seq.) of the Administrative Process Act.

F. Nothing in this section shall prevent disposition of any case by consent.

G. Any petition for a formal hearing or any notice or petition for an appeal by itself shall not constitute a stay of decision or action.

9VAC5-91-200. Evaporative emissions systems standards. (Repealed.)

A. Standards for evaporative emissions inspections shall be those described in 9VAC5-91-450 for applicable motor vehicles.

B. Evaporative system fuel filler cap (gas cap) standards shall apply beginning January 5, 1998.

C. Evaporative system pressure testing standards shall apply provided such testing is mandated by the EPA for appropriate implementation plan credits. Such testing shall only be conducted at emissions inspection stations upon installation of approved equipment and software necessary for performing the test, as determined by the director.

9VAC5-91-330. Analyzer system operation.

Emissions inspections stations shall be equipped with a dynamometer and a functional analyzer system certified in accordance with Part X (9VAC5-91-640 et seq.) and maintained and operated in accordance with the following:

A. 1. Emissions inspection stations shall supply and maintain the analyzer a functional dynamometer in such a manner that will permit the proper operation in accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer, this chapter, applicable statutes, and any procedures developed by the department.

B. 2. The exhaust gas analyzer shall be gas spanned and leak checked according to 40 CFR Part 51, Appendix A to Subpart S or other procedure as approved by the department.

C. 3. No additions or modifications shall be made to the analyzer system unless approved by the analyzer system manufacturer and the department.

1. a. All repairs to the analyzer system must be performed by an authorized manufacturer representative according to 9VAC5-91-670 B and C or a program coordinator in accordance with 9VAC5-91-675 as applicable.

2. b. No analyzer system replacement parts shall be used that are not original equipment replacement, or equivalent, as approved by the department.

D. 4. No person shall tamper with or circumvent any system or function of the analyzer.

E. 5. Emissions inspection stations shall be responsible for preventing any tampering with or unauthorized use of the dynamometer and the analyzer or its their functions.

F. 6. Analyzer system lockout conditions shall be removed only by authorized service or department personnel.

G. 7. The analyzer system shall be capable of electronically transmitting to and receiving data from the department computer network related to the administration of the Virginia Vehicle Emissions Control Program.

9VAC5-91-360. Inspector identification number and access code usage.

A. The department shall assign each emissions inspector a unique number and numerical code known as an inspector identification number and an access code to gain access to the analyzer system at the inspector's place of employment. Biometric identification may be used in place of an access code.

B. Access codes and identification numbers shall be added and deleted only by department personnel.

C. An inspector identification number and access code shall be used only by the inspector to whom it was assigned.

D. An inspector's name printed on a motor vehicle inspection report shall be an endorsement that the entire test was performed by the inspector whose name appears on the vehicle inspection report. Each inspector must sign his full name on the vehicle inspection report for each emission inspection conducted.

E. Emissions inspection stations and emissions inspectors shall report any unauthorized use of an inspector identification number or access code to the department within 24 hours of the discovery of unauthorized use.

F. Emissions inspection stations and inspectors shall be responsible for any violation or fraudulent inspection which occurs using inspector identification numbers or access codes.

G. Emissions inspection stations shall be responsible for all certificates of vehicle emissions inspection and motor vehicle inspection reports issued by that emissions inspection station.

9VAC5-91-390. Qualification requirements for emissions inspector licenses.

A. Applications to qualify for emissions inspector licenses shall be filed with the department and the issuance of the licenses shall be administered by the department. Applications for such licenses shall be completed on forms provided by the department. Before an applicant may be given a license, he must comply with the requirements of this section. The department will notify applicants of the evaluation requirements prior to testing.

B. An applicant shall demonstrate the ability to operate the certified analyzer systems properly and perform testing as required by this chapter.

C. No emissions inspector license shall be issued unless it is shown to the satisfaction of the director that the emissions inspector has the ability and resources to perform emissions inspections without causing a violation of the applicable provisions of this chapter and the Virginia Motor Vehicle Emissions Control Law.

D. Any applicant whose license has been revoked shall make a showing to the director that the condition causing the revocation has been corrected to the satisfaction of the director.

E. An applicant shall bear a valid motor vehicle driver's or operator's license and shall present proof of such license to the department at the time of application.

F. An applicant shall demonstrate knowledge, skill, and competence concerning the conduct of emissions inspections. Such knowledge, skill and competence shall be demonstrated by completing training courses approved by the department and by passing a qualification test (scoring 80% or higher) which may include, but not be limited to, knowledge of the following;

1. Operation and purpose of emissions control systems.

2. General relationship of hydrocarbon, oxides of nitrogen (NO_x), and carbon monoxide emissions to timing and air-to-fuel ratio control.

3. General information regarding adjustment and repair based on manufacturers' specifications.

4. This regulation (9VAC5-91-10 et seq.).

5. General information regarding contemporary diagnostic and engine tune-up procedures.

6. The provisions of the Emissions Control Systems Performance Warranty pursuant to § 207(b) of the federal Clean Air Act as it applies to this chapter.

7. Visual inspection of the required emissions control equipment for 1973 and newer vehicles.

8. Operation of and proper use, care, maintenance, and gas span checking of certified analyzer systems.

9. Proper use of and distribution of motor vehicle inspection reports, certificates of emissions inspection, and supplemental documents.

10. Inspections for visible smoke emissions.

11. Functional testing of the evaporative emissions control system as required in the enhanced emissions inspection program.

12. 11. Safety and public health as it applies to the Virginia Vehicle Emissions Control Program.

13. 12. Public relations as it applies to the Virginia Vehicle Emissions Control Program.

9VAC5-91-410. General.

A. The key steps in the emissions inspection procedure are as follows:

1. Preliminary inspection of the vehicle to determine whether to accept the vehicle for testing or reject it, as approved by the department and according to 9VAC5-91-420 C. If the vehicle is rejected, the results of such preliminary inspection shall be provided to the customer.

2. Advise the customer of the ability of the emissions inspection station to perform emissions related repairs including the availability of certified emissions repair technicians and necessary equipment. If the vehicle failed the test, inform the customer of their right to seek repairs elsewhere.

3. An agreement between the customer and the emissions inspection station, oral or written, that an emissions inspection will be performed and the requisite fee paid.

4. Determination of the type of emissions test required, ASM or two-speed idle test, or OBD system test for OBD vehicles. For certain OBD vehicles, the director may require an exhaust test (ASM or two-speed idle) in addition to the OBD system test if he conducts appropriate studies and determines that (i) the expected failure rate for exhaust testing for these certain vehicles would be greater than 5.0%, (ii) additional emission reductions would be achieved, and (iii) the EPA acknowledges such emission reduction benefits.

5. The inspection of emissions control equipment and an evaluation for the presence of visible smoke.

6. The test of exhaust emissions levels, or the vehicle's on-board diagnostic system if applicable, using a certified analyzer system.

7. The evaporative system pressure test, if applicable, and fuel filler cap pressure test, as applicable according to the procedure determined automatically by the analyzer system.

8. 7. The distribution of documents and emissions inspection results. The emissions inspector shall sign each motor vehicle emissions inspection report for each emissions inspection performed by that inspector. The inspector's identification number or the inspector's signature, or both, shall be an endorsement that all aspects of the emissions inspection were performed by the inspector in accordance with this chapter.

9. 8. Advise customers of emissions inspection results, options for waiver if applicable, and the obligation of the station to perform a free retest within 14 days for failed vehicles and the conditions placed on the motorist in regard to free retests.

10. 9. Conduct free retest, if necessary, within 14 days of a chargeable initial test.

B. The emissions inspection station may charge a fee not to exceed the amount specified in § 46.2-1182 of the Code of Virginia.

9VAC5-91-420. Inspection procedure; rejection, pass, fail, waiver.

A. All aspects of the inspection shall be performed by an emissions inspector, using the instructions programmed in the certified analyzer system and procedures approved by the department, within the designated inspection area, and on the permitted premises.

B. The emissions inspection station shall notify the customer prior to initiating an emissions inspection that the emissions inspection station is either able or unable to perform the emission related emissions-related repairs required by 9VAC5-91-480 for that particular vehicle should that vehicle fail the inspection. The emissions inspector shall not conduct an inspection on a motor vehicle unless the customer gives approval after being so notified.

C. The emissions inspector shall not conduct an inspection on a motor vehicle if the vehicle is in an unsafe condition for testing according to the following conditions. The customer shall be informed of any such condition.

1. The vehicle shall not have holes or detectable leaks in the exhaust system. The inspector may check the system for leaks by listening or visually inspecting for such leaks or by measuring carbon dioxide. The presence of leaks shall cause the vehicle to be rejected from testing.

2. The motor vehicle shall be evaluated for the presence of visible smoke emissions. Those vehicles exhibiting any visible smoke emissions from the engine crankcase or exhaust system or both, shall be rejected from testing.

3. The vehicle shall not have any mechanical problems, such as engine, brake, or transmission problems or engine, radiator, or transmission fluid leaks which that would create a safety hazard for the applicable test, or bias test results. Such conditions shall cause the vehicle to be rejected from testing.

4. For vehicles receiving a test while operating on a dynamometer, the vehicle shall be rejected from testing if drive wheel tire tread wear indicators, tire cords, bubbles, cuts, or other damage are visible. Such vehicles shall be rejected from testing if space-saver spare tires are being used on a drive axle or if they do not have reasonably sized tires on the drive axle or axles based on dynamometer manufacturer safety criteria or if the set of tires is a mixture of radial and bias ply. Vehicles may be rejected if they have different sized tires on the drive axle or axles. Drive wheel tires shall be checked for appropriate tire pressure and adjusted as necessary as recommended by the tire or vehicle manufacturer.

5. The vehicle shall be rejected from testing if the fuel filler cap (gas cap) is missing or cannot be removed.

6. The vehicle shall be rejected from testing if a known, emissions-related, manufacturers recall has not been satisfied according to Part XI (9VAC5-91-720 et seq.).

7. Vehicles that are overheated shall be rejected from testing. Vehicles that indicate that an overheated condition will be achieved during testing may be rejected from testing at the discretion of the inspector.

8. Provided the OBD provisions of subdivision G 3 b of this section are being implemented, OBD vehicles shall be rejected from testing for any of the following:

a. The OBD data link cannot be accessed physically or electronically.

b. The testing equipment indicates that the OBD system is in a "not ready" status. A "not ready" status shall be indicated by the following:

(1) For model year 1996 through 2000, three or more monitors indicate "not ready."

(2) For model year 2001 and newer, two or more monitors indicate "not ready."

(3) For vehicles that failed the emissions inspection for a catalytic converter related fault code, and the catalyst monitor indicates "not ready" during a reinspection.

c. The director, based on information discovered in this or other state programs or received from motor vehicle manufacturers or the EPA, may determine that a "not ready" status is indicated by more than the minimum number of monitors that indicate "not ready" as set forth in subdivision 8 b of this subsection. The catalyst monitor or oxygen sensor monitor, or both, are not supported, except for models exempt by the director.

d. The OBD system is unable to communicate successfully with the analyzer system.

e. The OBD system indicates evidence of tampering.

f. The director may adjust the number of "not ready" monitors required for rejection from testing for specific vehicle models based upon information from this program or other state programs, vehicle manufacturers, or the EPA.

D. The emissions inspection procedure shall be performed under the following conditions:

1. For vehicles subject to exhaust emissions testing, the entire vehicle shall be in normal operating condition as indicated by a temperature gauge or touch test on the radiator hose. If ASM testing is performed, a cooling fan shall be directed at the engine cooling system if the ambient temperature exceeds 72°F.

2. The inspection shall be performed with the transmission in park or neutral for OBD testing or for two-speed idle testing, or in drive (if automatic), or the appropriate gear to achieve necessary RPM range (if manual) for ASM testing; and with all accessories off.

3. All electronic and mechanical testing equipment shall be properly attached according to vehicle and analyzer system manufacturer requirements and instructions.

4. For the purpose of conducting the evaporative system pressure test, or gas cap pressure test, or both, the vehicle may be turned off unless the vehicle manufacturer has instructed otherwise.

5. 4. For vehicles subject to exhaust emissions testing, the analyzer probe shall be properly inserted into the exhaust system.

a. The analyzer probe shall be inserted into the tailpipe as recommended by the gas analyzer manufacturer for a quality sample, or at least 10 inches if not specified by the manufacturer.

b. If a baffle or screen prevents probe insertion to an adequate depth, a suitable probe adapter or extension boot which effectively lengthens the tail pipe must be used.

c. If the vehicle is equipped with multiple unique exhaust outlets, a suitable analyzer system manufacturer recommended adapter or other apparatus shall be used in order to provide a single supply of the sample exhaust to the gas analyzer.

d. Vehicle exhaust shall be vented safely out of the inspection area and facility.

6. 5. If the vehicle stops running or the engine stalls during the test it shall be started as soon as possible and, for vehicles subject to exhaust emissions testing, shall be running for at least 30 seconds prior to the restart of the test.

7. 6. For vehicles subject to exhaust emissions testing, the exhaust test shall be terminated upon reaching the overall maximum test time for the applicable test, or if CO plus CO₂ concentration falls below 6.0% as determined by the analyzer system.

8. 7. Each emissions inspection, whether initial or retest, shall be conducted in its entirety with the exception of: (i) conditions which require that the vehicle be rejected from testing in accordance with 9VAC5-91-420 subsection C of this section, (ii) invalid test conditions, or (iii) conditions beyond the emissions inspector's control that cause the test to be aborted.

E. In consideration of maintaining inspection integrity:

1. The temperature of the inspection area shall be between 41°F and 110°F during the inspection. Inspection area temperatures shall be accurately measured in a well-ventilated location away from vehicle engine and exhaust heat sources and out of direct sunlight. The analyzer system shall not be operated when the temperature of the inspection area is not within the range stated above.

2. The analyzer system shall be kept in a stable environment which affords adequate protection from the weather and local sources of hydrocarbons or other pollutants that may interfere with gas analyzer performance or accuracy of test results, or both.

3. The electrical supply to the analyzer system shall be able to meet the manufacturer's requirements for voltage and frequency stability.

4. The inspection location shall meet all applicable zoning requirements.

5. The analyzer system shall be operated according to quality assurance procedures and other procedures approved by the department.

F. The emissions inspector shall accurately identify and enter vehicle information, visual component and visible smoke inspection results as applicable for vehicle emissions inspection records. The data entered into the certified analyzer system and recorded on the certificate of vehicle emissions inspection shall be the data from the vehicle being inspected and must be obtained from that vehicle.

G. The emissions inspector shall perform an inspection of the emissions control systems. The inspection shall include the following:

1. An examination of the emissions control information decal (sticker) under the hood, reference manual, and applications guide to determine if the vehicle, as manufactured or certified for sale or use within the United States, should be equipped with a catalytic converter system, air injection system, fuel evaporative emissions control system, positive crankcase ventilation system, exhaust gas recirculation valve, on-board diagnostic system, or thermostatic air cleaner system, as appropriate.

2. Based on the determinations made in 9VAC5-91-420 G subdivision 1 of this subsection, a visual inspection for the presence and operability of the catalytic converter system and, for vehicles subject to exhaust emissions testing, the air injection system, fuel evaporative emissions control system, positive crankcase ventilation system, exhaust gas recirculation system and thermostatic air cleaner system. If any of these parts or systems are inoperable, or have been removed or damaged, or rendered inoperable, the vehicle will not qualify for an emissions inspection approval or waiver. If systems are missing which the reference manual or applications guide indicates should be present, the motor vehicle manufacturer's emissions control information provided for that vehicle shall apply. The inspector shall enter the result of the visual inspection, "pass," "fail," or "not applicable" as appropriate into the certified analyzer system. The department may issue a temporary waiver because of the unavailability of component parts listed in subdivision 2 of this subsection if it is determined that the subject components or parts are not available provided the following conditions have been met:

a. The owner of the vehicle obtains a signed statement from the manufacturer's dealer or automotive parts source that supplies parts for the vehicle model indicating the nonavailability of such parts.

b. The statement submitted must be on letterhead or other official form or document and signed by an officer, owner or other responsible official of the automotive parts source.

c. The statement must identify the parts by description and part number and must indicate whether the parts are not currently stocked, have been superseded by other parts, or are out of production.

d. The department may conduct an independent investigation to locate any such parts or to verify the information on the statement prior to the issuance of any vehicle inspection report. The vehicle shall be held to all applicable inspection parameters, test type and standards or other conditions with the exception of the emissions control components and parts that have been verified as unavailable.

e. Any additional requirements to repair the vehicle to meet the applicable emissions standards or to qualify for an emissions inspection waiver under 9VAC5-91-420 N subsection M of this section shall apply.

f. If the department is able to determine that (i) the unavailable part, or parts, is the only method of controlling the emissions for which the vehicle has failed an emissions inspection or (ii) no other repairs will be effective in reducing such emissions, the department may issue a temporary waiver notwithstanding the provisions of 9VAC5-91-420 N subsection M of this section.

3. For OBD vehicles, an electronic inspection of the applicable on-board diagnostic (OBD) system according to manufacturer specifications and procedures approved by the EPA. The exhaust emissions test may also be performed on a limited basis as specified by the department for quality control or program evaluation purposes.

a. Pending availability and installation of necessary hardware and software, emissions-related results of sensing of OBD systems for OBD vehicles shall be recorded in the inspection record in addition to the exhaust emissions test procedures and reported to the customer. The OBD results shall not cause the vehicle to be rejected from testing or to fail the emissions inspection.

b. Beginning October 1, 2002, or a later date as determined by the department pending availability and installation of necessary hardware and software, emissions-related a. Emissions-related failure codes that cause the malfunction indicator lamp to be commanded "on" provided by OBD systems of OBD vehicles shall cause the vehicle to fail the emissions inspection. If testing equipment or visual inspection indicates that the malfunction indicator lamp is inoperable, the vehicle shall fail the emissions inspection. If the testing equipment indicates that the OBD system is in a "not ready" status, the vehicle shall be rejected from testing according to 9VAC5-91-420 subdivision C 8 of this section.

c. Beginning October 1, 2004, emissions-related b. Emissions-related failure codes that cause the malfunction indicator lamp to be commanded "on" as provided by OBD systems of light duty diesel powered vehicles of model years 1997 and newer shall cause the vehicle to fail the inspection. In addition, if the testing equipment or visual examination indicates that the malfunction indicator lamp is inoperable, the vehicle shall fail the emissions inspection. If the testing equipment indicates that the OBD system is in a "not ready" status, the vehicle shall be rejected from testing according to subdivision C 8 of this section. The director may increase or decrease the number of "not ready" monitors allowed based on an analysis of the program data, data from other state's programs and the EPA. If the director finds that the necessary hardware and software necessary to perform this OBD test are not available or installed by October 1, 2004, the effective date shall be October 1, 2006.

d. c. The department may exempt vehicle models or some classes of vehicles from OBD testing due to known OBD system problems or anomalies associated with such vehicles. If exempted from OBD testing, such vehicles shall receive the ASM or TSI test as applicable.

H. For vehicles otherwise subject to ASM testing based on model year and weight classification, the department may determine, due to complications identified in this or other state programs, or consultation with vehicle manufacturers, that certain vehicle makes or models shall be tested using the two-speed idle test in lieu of the ASM test or using a mixture of test modes such as an ASM 2525 coupled with an idle test.

I. For 1981 model year and newer vehicles with a GVWR up to and including 8,500 pounds, the exhaust emissions inspection procedure, if applicable, shall be an ASM, two-mode (ASM 5015 plus ASM 2525), loaded test, performed while the vehicle is operating on the analyzer system a dynamometer. The test shall be preceded by a 30-90 second preconditioning period, as determined by the department, using the ASM 2525 load simulation.

J. The exhaust emissions inspection procedure, if applicable, shall be a two-speed idle test as specified in section (II) of Appendix B of 40 CFR Part 51, Subpart S, and 9VAC5-91-440 for the following affected motor vehicles:

1. Vehicles with a GVWR greater than 8,500 pounds and up to and including 10,000 pounds;

2. Vehicles of model years 1980 and older;

3. Vehicles which employ full-time four wheel drive systems;

4. Vehicles which have traction control or anti-lock brake systems which have been determined by the manufacturer or the department to interfere with proper ASM testing; or

5. Vehicles which have some other configuration which has been determined by the department to interfere with proper ASM testing.

K. For vehicles originally factory equipped with an evaporative emissions control system, the vehicle's evaporative emissions control system shall be checked by performing an evaporative system pressure test, if applicable, and a fuel filler cap pressure test,, as applicable according to the phase-in of testing specified in 9VAC5-91-200.

L. K. In order to obtain a vehicle registration from the Department of Motor Vehicles, a certificate of emissions inspection shall be issued by an emissions inspector or the department indicating that the vehicle has either passed the emissions inspection or has received a waiver as specified below in subsections L and M of this section. A motor vehicle shall pass the emissions inspection and a certificate of vehicle emissions inspection and a motor vehicle inspection report indicating the vehicle has passed shall be issued if the following conditions are met:

1. The motor vehicle meets the applicable emissions control systems inspection requirements.

2. For vehicles subject to exhaust emissions testing, the vehicle emissions levels are the same as or less than the applicable exhaust emission standards in Part III (9VAC5-91-160 et seq.) and Part XIV (9VAC5-91-790 et seq.), as applicable; or for vehicles subject to OBD, the vehicle passes the OBD test and exhaust emissions test, if applicable.

3. There are no visible smoke emissions from the vehicle engine crankcase or tail pipe, or both.

4. The vehicle passes the evaporative system pressure test, if applicable, and fuel filler cap pressure test.

M. L. If the vehicle fails the initial emissions inspection, a certificate of emissions inspection and a motor vehicle inspection report shall be issued indicating a failure, and the owner shall have 14 days in which to have repairs or adjustments made and return the vehicle to the emissions inspection station which performed the initial inspection for one free reinspection.

N. M. A certificate of vehicle emissions inspection waiver may be issued if all of the following conditions are met:

1. The vehicle passes the emissions control systems inspection described by subsection G of this section if applicable.

2. There are no visible smoke emissions from the vehicle engine crankcase or exhaust system, or both.

3. The vehicle passes the evaporative system pressure test, if applicable, and fuel filler cap pressure test.

4. 3. The vehicle continues to exceed applicable emissions standards after emissions related repairs required by 9VAC5-91-480 have been performed.

5. 4. An amount equal to or greater than the adjusted waiver cost for enhanced emissions inspection programs specified in subsection O subsection N of this section has been spent on emissions related repairs as specified in 9VAC5-91-480 provided that:

a. Proof that emission related repairs have been accomplished and costs for that specific vehicle have been provided to the emissions inspection station in the form of an itemized bill, invoice, paid work order, or statement in which emissions related parts or repairs, or both, are specifically identified, and to the extent practical, the inspector can confirm the repairs by visual examination;

b. The emissions inspector has been provided with a properly completed emissions repair data form indicating that the repair work was performed at a certified emissions repair facility and that the repairs were performed by or under the supervision or approval of a certified emissions repair technician at a certified emissions repair facility; and

c. The repair work was performed no earlier than 60 days prior to the initial inspection.

O. Beginning January 1, 2003, the N. The repair cost requirements for waiver eligibility for the enhanced emissions inspection program shall be $450 adjusted to reflect the increase in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and adjusted annually thereafter, as described at 40 CFR 51.360(a)(7) and § 46.2-1181 C of the Code of Virginia.

P. O. A waiver shall not be issued for a vehicle which is eligible for the emissions control systems performance warranty, under the provisions of § 207(b) of the federal Clean Air Act. In accordance with the provisions of § 207(b) of the federal Clean Air Act, the repair costs necessary for compliance with emissions standards specified in Part III (9VAC5-91-160 et seq.) and Part XIV (9VAC5-91-790 et seq.) will be borne by the vehicle manufacturer or authorized dealer representative.

Q. P. The analyzer system shall generate an electronic record of the certificate of emissions inspection and transmit the appropriate data to the department and the emissions inspector shall make distribution of the vehicle inspection report to the customer.

R. Q. The customer shall be advised as specified below upon completion or termination of the inspection procedure.

1. If the test is terminated prior to completion, explain the problem with the vehicle or equipment and, if applicable, advise of free retest and time limit.

2. If the vehicle passes or receives a waiver, provide a motor vehicle inspection report and advise motorist of registration requirement and process, including the process to be used in case of interruption of the electronic data transfer system.

3. If the vehicle fails:

a. Give vehicle inspection report of failure to customer;

b. Advise of type of failure;

c. Advise of free retest and time limit;

d. Advise of repair facility information as provided by the department; and

e. Advise of waiver requirements, if applicable.

S. R. In cases of complaints or disputes between the emissions inspector or emissions inspection station and the customer, the customer shall be advised of the location and phone number of a department representative to be contacted to obtain assistance in resolving disputes.

9VAC5-91-430. ASM test procedure.

A. The ASM equipment shall be in proper operating condition according to the manufacturer's instructions prior to initiating a test.

1. The vehicle shall be maneuvered onto the dynamometer with the drive wheels positioned on the dynamometer rolls. Prior to test initiation, the rolls shall be rotated until the vehicle laterally stabilizes on the dynamometer. Vehicles that cannot be stabilized on the dynamometer shall be rejected from testing. Drive wheel tires shall be dried if necessary to prevent slippage.

2. Prior to initiating the ASM exhaust test procedure:

a. Vehicles that are also required to receive OBD or evaporative emissions testing shall be connected to the appropriate test equipment according to 9VAC5-91-450 and vehicle and analyzer system manufacturer instructions.

b. The OBD test, evaporative system pressure test, if applicable, and fuel filler cap pressure test, including second chance fuel filler cap pressure test if required, shall be performed prior to the ASM test.

3. When ambient temperatures exceed 72°F, testing shall not begin until the cooling fan is positioned and activated. The cooling fan shall be positioned to direct air to the vehicle cooling system, but shall not be directed at the catalytic converter.

4. Testing shall not begin until the vehicle is properly restrained for ASM testing.

5. Testing shall not begin until the exhaust ventilation system is properly functioning and attached or positioned as necessary.

6. To ensure that the motor vehicle and the dynamometer are in a warmed-up condition prior to official testing, a 30-90 second preconditioning, as determined by the department, shall be performed using the ASM 2525 load simulation.

7. Prior to each test or mode of a test, the analyzer system shall automatically select the load setting of the dynamometer.

8. Engine speed shall be monitored by means of an RPM sensor and recorded in the test record.

B. The test sequence shall consist of first chance and, if applicable, second chance tests in both ASM modes described in this section. Vehicles that fail the first chance test as described within 150% of the standard shall receive a second chance test. The department may increase this percentage to 200% when interim or final standards take effect according to 9VAC5-91-170 B. The second chance test shall consist of a repetition of the mode or modes that were failed in the first chance test. The department may eliminate the need to do a second chance test if the vehicle has already failed an emission component check.

C. The ASM 2525 mode timer shall start when the dynamometer speed (and corresponding power) are maintained at 25 ±1.0 miles per hour for five continuous seconds. If the acceleration simulation exceeds the tolerance specified by the analyzer system equipment manufacturer for more than five consecutive seconds after the mode timer is started, the test mode timer shall be reset. Should this happen a third time, the test shall be aborted and another started. The dynamometer shall apply the required torque load for 25.0 mph at any testing speed within the tolerance of 25 ±1.0 miles per hour (i.e., constant torque load over speed range). The torque tolerance shall be ±5.0% of the correct torque at 25 mph.

1. The analyzer system shall automatically select the proper load setting for the dynamometer and test standards, based on the Equivalent Test Weight (ETW) and the look-up table in Part XIV (9VAC5-91-790 et seq.), using vehicle identification information.

2. If the dynamometer speed or torque falls outside the speed or torque tolerance for more than two consecutive seconds, or for more than five seconds total, the test mode time shall reset to zero and resume timing. The minimum mode length shall be 45 seconds. The maximum mode length shall be 90 seconds elapsed time.

3. During the 10 second period used for the pass/fail decision, dynamometer speed shall not fall more than 0.5 mph (absolute drop, not cumulative). If the speed at the end of the 10 second period is more than 0.5 mph less than the speed at the start of the 10 second period, testing shall continue until the speed stabilizes enough to meet this criterion.

4. The pass/fail analysis shall begin after an elapsed time of 30 seconds, which may include up to 15 seconds of the preconditioning time period if the ASM 2525 torque and speed tolerances are maintained. A pass or fail determination shall be made for the vehicle and the mode shall be terminated as follows:

a. The vehicle shall pass the ASM 2525 mode and the mode shall be immediately terminated if, at any point between an elapsed time of 30 seconds and 90 seconds, the 10 second running average measured values for each pollutant are simultaneously less than or equal to the applicable test standards described in Part XIV (9VAC5-91-790 et seq.).

b. The vehicle shall fail the ASM 2525 mode and the mode shall be terminated if subdivision C 4 a of this section is not satisfied by an elapsed time of 90 seconds.

5. Upon termination of the ASM 2525 mode, the vehicle and dynamometer shall immediately begin a transition to the speed required for the ASM 5015 mode. The dynamometer torque shall smoothly transition during the transition period and shall automatically reset to the load required for the ASM 5015 mode as specified in subdivision D 1 of this subsection section.

D. The ASM 5015 mode timer shall start when the dynamometer speed (and corresponding power) are maintained at 15 ±1.0 miles per hour for five continuous seconds. If the acceleration simulation exceeds the tolerance specified by the analyzer system manufacturer for more than five consecutive seconds after the mode timer is started, the test mode timer shall be reset. Should this happen a third time, the test shall be aborted and another started. The dynamometer shall apply the required torque for 15.0 mph at any testing speed within the tolerance of 15 ±1.0 miles per hour (i.e., constant torque load over speed range). The torque tolerance shall be ±5.0% of the correct torque at 15 mph.

1. The analyzer system shall automatically select the proper load setting for the dynamometer and test standards, based on the ETW and the look-up table in Part XIV (9VAC5-91-790 et seq.), using vehicle identification information.

2. If the dynamometer speed or torque falls outside the speed or torque tolerance for more than two consecutive seconds, or for more than five seconds total, the mode timer shall reset to zero and resume timing. The minimum mode length shall be 40 seconds. The maximum mode length shall be 90 seconds elapsed time.

3. During the 10 second period used for the pass/fail decision, dynamometer speed shall not fall more than 0.5 mph (absolute drop, not cumulative). If the speed at the end of the 10 second period is more than 0.5 mph less than the speed at the start of the 10 second period, testing shall continue until the speed stabilizes enough to meet this criterion.

4. The pass/fail analysis shall begin after an elapsed time of 30 seconds. A pass or fail determination shall be made for the vehicle and the mode shall be terminated as follows:

a. The vehicle shall pass the ASM 5015 mode if, at any point between an elapsed time of 30 seconds and 90 seconds, the 10-second running average measured values for each pollutant are simultaneously less than or equal to the applicable test standards described in Part XIV (9VAC5-91-790 et seq.). If the vehicle passed the ASM 2525 mode, the ASM 5015 mode shall be terminated upon obtaining passing scores for all three pollutants.

b. The vehicle shall fail the first chance ASM 5015 mode if subdivision D 4 a of this section is not satisfied by an elapsed time of 90 seconds.

E. The inspector shall perform a second chance test on vehicles which fail either mode of the previous test sequence as follows:

1. If the vehicle fails the first-chance test, the test timer shall reset to zero and a second-chance test shall be performed, except as noted below. The second-chance test shall have an overall maximum test time of 145 seconds if one mode is repeated, an overall maximum time of 290 seconds if two modes are repeated.

2. If the vehicle failed only the ASM 2525 mode of the first chance test, then that mode shall be repeated upon completion of the first chance ASM 5015 mode. The repeated mode shall be performed as described in this section except that the provisions of subdivision C 5 of this section shall be omitted.

3. If the vehicle failed only the ASM 5015 mode of the first chance test, then the first chance ASM 5015 mode shall not end at 90 seconds but shall continue for up to 180 seconds.

4. If the vehicle failed both ASM 5015 and ASM 2525 modes of the first chance test, then the vehicle shall receive a second-chance test for the ASM 2525 mode immediately following the first chance ASM 5015 mode. If the vehicle fails the second-chance ASM 2525 mode, then the vehicle shall fail the test, otherwise the vehicle shall also receive a second-chance ASM 5015 mode test.

9VAC5-91-440. Two-speed idle test procedure.

A. The emissions inspection procedure shall be a two-speed idle test as specified in section (II) of Appendix B of 40 CFR Part 51, Subpart S.

1. The two-speed idle test shall consist of a test of the vehicle's exhaust emissions at idle and at 2500 rpm while the vehicle's gear selector is in neutral or park.

2. The idle test shall be administered after the 2500 rpm test. The tests shall be run consecutively.

3. The complete test shall consist of a first chance 2500 RPM mode test; followed by a first chance idle mode test. If either first chance mode fails, the first chance shall be followed by a preconditioning at 2500 RPM for up to three minutes and a second chance 2500 RPM mode test followed by a second chance idle mode. The department may eliminate the need to repeat a mode that passed the first chance test.

4. If the vehicle fails the first chance test, the second chance test and preconditioning shall be omitted if no exhaust hydrocarbon concentration less than 1800 ppm is detected within an elapsed time of 30 seconds. The department may eliminate the need to do a second chance test if the vehicle has already failed an emission component check.

5. Motor vehicle manufacturers and the Environmental Protection Agency may issue special test instructions for specific vehicle models which shall be followed in lieu of the test procedures specified in this section if such instructions are provided through the administrator.

6. In order to pass the two-speed idle test, the vehicle's exhaust shall not exceed the standards listed in 9VAC5-91-160.

7. Prior to initiating the two-speed idle exhaust test procedure the following conditions shall be met:

a. 7. Vehicles which are required to receive OBD or evaporative emissions testing shall be connected to the appropriate test equipment according to 9VAC5-91-450 and vehicle and analyzer manufacturer instructions. b. The OBD test, evaporative system pressure test, if applicable, or fuel filler cap pressure test, including second chance fuel filler cap pressure test if required, shall be performed prior to the two-speed idle test.

B. The idle test mode shall be performed as follows:

1. The vehicle transmission shall be in neutral or park and the parking brake applied; the engine shall be operating at curb idle and there shall not be any manipulation of the engine throttle mechanism.

2. The engine speed (RPM) shall be obtained and shall be between 400 and 1250 RPM for the duration of the test mode.

3. The pass/fail analysis shall begin after an elapsed time of 10 seconds.

4. The idle mode elapsed time shall be 30 seconds.

5. The exhaust concentrations shall be measured as percent carbon monoxide and parts per million hydrocarbons after stabilized readings are obtained and averaged over the last five seconds at the end of the idle test mode.

C. The 2500 RPM test mode shall be performed as follows:

1. The vehicle transmission shall be in neutral or park.

2. The vehicle engine speed shall be increased from idle to between 2200 and 2800 RPM and maintained at that level.

3. If the engine speed varies outside the parameters of 2200 to 2800 RPM for more than two seconds during a sampling period, the 2500 RPM mode shall be invalid and the 2500 RPM test shall be restarted. If the engine speed varies outside such parameters for more than a cumulative total of 10 seconds, the 2500 RPM test mode shall be invalid and another initiated.

4. The pass/fail analysis shall begin after an elapsed time of 10 seconds.

5. The 2500 RPM mode elapsed time shall be 30 seconds.

6. The exhaust concentrations shall be measured as percent carbon monoxide and parts per million hydrocarbons after stabilized readings are obtained and averaged over the last five seconds at the end of the 2500 RPM test mode.

9VAC5-91-450. Evaporative system pressure test and gas cap pressure test procedure. (Repealed.)

A. The evaporative system pressure test, if applicable, and fuel filler cap pressure test shall be performed according to the requirements of 40 CFR 51.357(a)(10) and (b)(3), or according to alternate procedures approved by the Environmental Protection Agency and approved by the department as part of a certified analyzer system.

B. The evaporative system pressure test shall be performed as follows:

1. The gas cap shall be removed and the appropriate adapter connected to the fuel filler inlet.

2. The gas cap shall be connected to an appropriate adapter, either as part of the adapter connected to the fuel filler inlet or as part of a separate gas cap pressure test rig.

3. The vapor hose or line in the fuel system connecting the evaporative canister to the fuel tank shall be clamped as close as possible to the canister. If the vapor line cannot be clamped to prevent vapor passage, it shall be disconnected from the canister and plugged to prevent vapor passage.

4. The fuel tank shall be pressurized with ambient air, or a suitable, equivalent gas, to a pressure of 14 inches, ±0.5 inches, of water.

5. The flow shall be turned off and the decay of pressure monitored for up to two minutes.

6. If at any time during the two minutes the fuel tank vapor system is being monitored the pressure drops from the starting pressure by more than six inches of water, the test shall be terminated and the vehicle shall be determined to fail the evaporative system pressure test.

7. After two minutes, the clamp shall be removed from the vapor line or the line shall be unplugged and the system monitored for a drop in pressure. If a pressure drop is detected, and the fuel tank vapor system did not fail the conditions in step 6 above, the vehicle shall pass the evaporative system pressure test. If the gas cap is also connected to the fuel filler neck adapter during the evaporative system pressure test, then the vehicle shall also pass the gas cap pressure test.

8. If no pressure drop was detected after unclamping or unplugging the vapor line, the fuel tank, and cap if attached to the fuel inlet adapter, shall be pressurized to a pressure of 28 inches, ±1.0 inches, of water, and steps 5, 6, and 7 above repeated.

9. At the termination of the test, the vapor hose and gas cap shall be reinstalled.

C. The gas cap pressure test shall be performed using the following procedures:

1. The gas cap shall be connected to an adapter on a separate gas cap pressure test rig and shall be pressurized to a pressure of 28 inches, ±1.0 inches, of water.

2. The flow shall be turned off and the decay of pressure monitored for up to two minutes.

3. If at any time during the two minutes the gas cap pressure test rig is being monitored the pressure drops from the starting pressure by more than six inches of water, the test shall be terminated and the vehicle shall be determined to fail the evaporative system pressure test; otherwise the vehicle shall pass the gas cap pressure test.

4. Vehicles equipped with more than one functional fuel tank shall have all gas caps tested.

D. If the vehicle fails the gas cap pressure test, a new gas cap may be installed and a second chance gas cap pressure test performed. Any failure and subsequent pass under this second chance testing must be recorded as part of the emissions inspection and reported to the customer.

9VAC5-91-570. Expiration, reinstatement, renewal and requalification.

A. Upon expiration, suspension, or revocation of the certification, the emissions repair technician shall no longer be authorized to perform emissions related repairs and have them apply toward emissions inspection waivers as described in 9VAC5-91-420 N 9VAC5-91-420 M.

B. Certification of an emissions repair technician is required as a result of revocation or expiration of the certification.

C. The director shall reinstate certification of an emissions repair technician at the end of a suspension period upon notification by the emissions repair technician that the suspension period has ended.

D. Requalification may be required at any time by the department based on the results of monitoring of the performance of the emissions repair technician or based on changes in applicable vehicle emissions control or repair technology. Failure to requalify within three months of notification shall result in expiration of the emissions repair technician certification.

E. The department will endeavor to notify technicians prior to the expiration of their certification. However, it is the responsibility of the emissions repair technician to maintain a current certification.

F. Upon expiration or notification of revocation or suspension, the technician shall surrender to the department all certification documents issued by the department.

G. Requalification requirements for all emissions repair technicians.

1. When necessary to update the technical qualifications of emissions repair technicians, or when technician performance monitoring indicates a need for additional training or other action, holders of emissions repair technician certifications shall be required to requalify.

2. Emissions repair technicians shall be required to requalify within 90 days from the date of written notification by the department. Notice of this requirement shall be mailed, by postal or electronic delivery, to the address of record as maintained by the department. The notice shall inform the person of the necessity of requalification and the nature of such skills, systems, and procedures requiring the training for the continued performance as an emissions repair technician. The notice shall give the name and location of training sources approved or accredited for purposes of retraining, the necessity of requalification by a certain date, and the nature and evidence of documentation to be filed with the department evidencing such requalification.

9VAC5-91-640. Applicability.

A. The provisions of this chapter apply to any system used for measuring or determining exhaust gases and evaporative emissions from motor vehicles in the Virginia Motor Vehicle Emissions Control Program.

B. No owner or other person shall conduct emissions inspections required by the Virginia Vehicle Emissions Control Program pursuant to this chapter unless the analyzer system used to perform such inspections is certified by the department and such other required equipment meets the provision of this chapter.

9VAC5-91-650. Design goals.

A. The analyzer system shall be designed for maximum operational simplicity with a minimum number of operational decisions required by the emissions inspector in the performance of a complete emissions analysis including exhaust tests, evaporative system or fuel filler cap pressure tests, other emissions-related electronic or mechanical tests, or a combination of such tests.

B. The analyzer system shall be unaffected by ambient conditions in a typical emissions inspection station environment and its use shall be primarily for compliance inspection purposes. It shall be capable of providing emissions characteristics, independent of the inspection function, which can be used for vehicle diagnostic work as well.

C. The analyzer system shall be of a design which can perform both ASM and OBD testing using an analyzer certified under 9VAC5-91-680 with the addition of (i) a dynamometer, (ii) a NO_X analyzer, (iii) evaporative system pressure test equipment, (iv) fuel filler cap pressure test equipment, and (v) a two-dimensional bar code reader and laser printer.

D. The analyzer shall be readily upgradable, without replacing the existing central processing unit, to incorporate on-board diagnostic (OBD) testing equipment and additional electronic vehicle identification equipment such as video and audio processes.

9VAC5-91-660. Warranty; service contract (effective during periods without a designated program coordinator).

A. A certified emissions analyzer system shall include, at a minimum, a one-year warranty, including parts and labor, which shall begin on the day that the emissions inspection station is permitted by the department, or that the emissions analyzer system is installed and operational, whichever is later. The disk drive system in the central processing unit shall be warranted for two years.

B. Emissions analyzer system manufacturers or vendors shall offer, at a price to be stated at the time such system is offered for sale, an extended warranty for an additional five years beyond the initial one-year warranty.

C. Emissions analyzer system manufacturers or vendors shall offer, at a price to be stated at the time such system is offered for sale, a maintenance service contract for the period of time remaining from the startup date to a date six years afterward.

9VAC5-91-665. Warranty; service contract with program coordinator.

A. On or after July 1, 2013, and upon designation of a program coordinator, a service contract approved by the department shall be established between each inspection station owner and the program coordinator providing, at a minimum, the following services:

1. The delivery, installation, calibration, and verification of the proper operating condition of an analyzer system that has been certified in writing by the department.

2. The instruction of all inspectors currently employed by the emissions inspection station at the time of installation to include but not be limited to:

a. The proper use, maintenance, and operation of the exhaust analyzer system;

b. The step‑by‑step procedure for performing an emissions inspection including OBD system test as appropriate;

c. The proper safety precautions for dynamometer use; and

d. The proper safety precautions for exhaust and calibration gas ventilation procedures.

B. The agreement shall provide for equipment maintenance and service or replacement of components of the certified analyzer system including dynamometer control devices, optional analyzer equipment, and dynamometer preventative maintenance. Repair or replacement of analyzer system components, other than minimal maintenance items established in the service contract, must be performed by the program coordinator or his authorized agent.

C. The fee to be charged by the program coordinator for each certified analyzer system shall be determined by the department and shall not exceed $3,500 per year, not including optional devices and services and minimal maintenance items established in the service contract.

D. The program coordinator may contract with the inspection station to provide services or equipment beyond the minimum requirements of the contract specified in subsection A of this section.

9VAC5-91-670. Owner-provided services. Inspection station owner requirements (effective during periods without a designated program coordinator).

A. The owner of an emissions inspection station shall enter into an agreement with a manufacturer or its authorized representative to provide the following services to the emissions inspection station at an initial fixed cost per analyzer system to be agreed upon by both parties.

1. Delivery, installation, calibration, and verification of the proper operating condition of an analyzer system which has been certified in writing by the department.

2. Training of all inspectors employed by the emissions inspection station at the time of installation in (i) the proper use, maintenance, and operation of the exhaust analyzer system, (ii) the step-by-step procedure for performing an emissions inspection and any evaporative emissions control system test or fuel filler cap pressure test required, and (iii) proper safety precautions for dynamometer use and exhaust and calibration gas ventilation procedures.

3. Annual updates, except those to be performed by department personnel, of the preexisting internal computer software of the analyzer as specified by the department including, but not limited to:

a. Changes to the emissions standards;

b. Changes to the listed vehicle codes;

c. Changes to the items in the printing system to correspond to changes in other requirements; and

d. Additions or changes to the emissions control equipment list.

B. Emissions inspection stations shall maintain their analyzer systems and dynamometer in good working condition such that they continue to meet certification requirements. Any further arrangements regarding service or maintenance are at the discretion of the emissions inspection station and the manufacturer or equipment vendor.

C. Repair or replacement of analyzer system components, other than for normal maintenance, must be performed by the analyzer system manufacturer or authorized agent.

9VAC5-91-675. Inspection station owner requirements (effective during periods with a designated program coordinator).

A. On or after July 1, 2013, and upon notification of designation of a program coordinator, the owner of an emissions inspection station shall enter into an agreement with the program coordinator according to the requirements of 9VAC5-91-665.

B. The station shall provide minimal maintenance items established in the service contract with the program coordinator. The inspection station shall supply any printer paper and toner and gas analyzer probe tips if needed.

C. The station shall supply a safe and fully functional dynamometer at the time certified enhanced analyzer system equipment is provided by the program coordinator. The station shall provide preventative maintenance of the dynamometer until a service contract with a program coordinator is established. Any further arrangements regarding dynamometer service or maintenance are at the discretion of the emissions inspection station and the program coordinator.

9VAC5-91-680. Certification of analyzer systems.

A. No analyzer system may be installed, sold or represented as a certified enhanced analyzer system without prior written certification by the department.

B. The analyzer system must have a certificate from the manufacturer that it meets the specifications of 40 CFR Part 85, Subpart W. This certification is necessary so that inspections performed using that analyzer system will qualify applicable vehicles for warranty repair coverage according to the provisions of § 207(b) of the federal Clean Air Act.

C. A person requesting the certification of an emissions analyzer system for use in the Virginia Motor Vehicle Emissions Control Program shall make application to the department using procedures approved by the department.

D. The analyzer system, in order to become certified for use and be used for emissions inspections, shall conform to the equipment specifications and quality control requirements of EPA Technical Guidance document EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2 EPA420-B-04-011 (see 9VAC5-91-50) unless requirements contained therein are excluded or superseded by requirements of this chapter as enumerated below.

1. Vehicles powered by a fuel other than gasoline are not covered by ASM testing and references to emissions standards and correction factors to test such vehicles do not currently apply to ASM testing. (Ref. EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2, § 85.1(b)(1)(iv)).

2. The emissions inspection equipment is not required to incorporate vehicle brake sensing. (Ref. EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2, § 85.2(a)(5)).

3. 1. The preconditioning period for all vehicles undergoing an ASM test may be up to 90 seconds. System prompts regarding queuing time are unnecessary. (Ref. EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2 EPA420-B-04-011, § 85.2(b)(10)(i)). 85.2(b)(11).)

4. 2. All OBD vehicles shall have engine RPM and emissions-related information read through the OBD connection pending availability and installation of necessary hardware and software or January 1, 2003, whichever occurs last. Emissions inspection equipment shall have the necessary equipment to perform such testing by this date, or as specified in 9VAC5-91-420 G 3. (Ref. EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2, § 85.3(c)(5)).

5. 3. Vehicles subject to ASM testing shall receive the ASM 2525 and ASM 5015 modes in that sequence, followed by any second chance testing for which the vehicle is eligible in the same sequence. Second chance tests shall only be performed on vehicles which failed the first chance test within the software specifications of all applicable standards. (Ref. EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2 EPA420-B-04-011, § 85.2(d) and (e)). 85.2(e).)

6. 4. Dynamometers shall be calibrated through a coast-down procedure every 72 hours. (Ref. EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2 EPA420-B-04-011, § 85.4(b)(1)). 85.4 (b)(1).)

7. Analyzer calibration gas bottles shall be bar-coded or have bar-coded labels providing the specifications of the gas contained within and the analyzer system shall require a reading of these specifications, through the system bar code reader, whenever the bottles are changed. The calibration gases, therefore, may have up to a 5.0% blend tolerance. (Ref. EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2, § 85.4(d)(2)(iv)).

8. Analyzer audit gas bottles shall be bar-coded or have bar-coded labels providing the specifications of the gas contained within and the analyzer system shall require a reading of these specifications, through the system bar code reader, whenever the audit is conducted. The calibration gases, therefore, may have up to a 5.0% blend tolerance. (Ref. EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2, § 85.4(d)(3)(iv)).

9VAC5-91-690. Span gases; gases for calibration purposes.

A. The gases used by emissions inspection stations in the emissions inspection shall be approved by the department and shall comply with the requirements of this section.

B. The gas concentrations, requirements, and tolerances of gases shall conform to the specifications contained in the EPA Technical Guidance document, EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2 EPA420-B-04-011, July 2004 (see 9VAC5-91-50), and each container shall bear a bar-coded label containing concentration and tolerance information as required for calibration and audit purposes.

C. Gases shall be supplied in containers which meet all the provisions of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration as specified in 29 CFR 1910.101, Subpart H.

D. Gases shall be manufactured in accordance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency technical report, EPA-AA-TSS-83-8-B (see 9VAC5-91-50).

E. The station owner shall maintain a comprehensive, up-to-date list provided by the department, including addresses and phone numbers, of gas blenders approved by the department.

F. Each analyzer instrument shall be permanently labeled with its optical correction factor (also referred to as "C" factor, propane equivalency factor, or propane to hexane conversion factor), carried to at least two decimal places (within the gas accuracy limits), e.g., (0.52). Factor confirmation shall be made on each assembled analyzer by measuring both N-hexane and propane on assembly line quality checks.

9VAC5-91-700. Calibration of exhaust gas analyzers.

The department shall use, and require for use, gases and containers meeting the following parameters, blends, and specifications in the calibration of exhaust gas analyzers:

1. The calibration gases for standardizing instruments shall conform to the provisions outlined in EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2 EPA420-B-04-011.

2. Analyzers Gas analyzers shall pass a two-point gas calibration for HC, CO, CO₂ and NO, within 72 hours before each test.

3. Analyzers Gas analyzers shall pass a five-point gas audit for HC, CO, CO₂, and NO at least two times within 12 months, and each time an analyzer system emissions measurement system, sensor, or other electronic components are repaired or replaced in response to an audit failure.

4. The director may reduce the frequency of calibrations in subdivision 2 of this section and audits in subdivision 3 of this section or both if evidence indicates accuracy would not be adversely affected.

9VAC5-91-710. Upgrade of analyzer system.

A. Any requirement to upgrade a certified emissions analyzer system beyond the specifications and requirements described in this chapter and EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2 EPA420-B-04-011 shall apply to all such systems certified under this chapter and shall require an amendment to this chapter except for software or equipment upgrades provided under 9VAC5-91-670 or 9VAC5-91-675 as applicable.

B. Such upgrade may include, but not be limited to, enhanced on-board diagnostic (OBD) testing equipment, any evaporative system pressure test, and electronic vehicle identification systems such as video and audio processes.

Part XI
Manufacturer Recall

9VAC5-91-720. Vehicle manufacturer recall.

A. Motor vehicles subject to the enhanced emissions inspection program shall have any known emissions-related, vehicle manufacturer recall requirement satisfied prior to testing, as feasible and practicable pending the availability of an emissions recall database, installation of necessary hardware and software, and on a schedule as determined by the director.

B. Manufacturers' emissions-related recall requirements may be pursuant to either a "Voluntary Emissions Recall" as defined at 40 CFR 85.1902(d) or to a remedial plan determination made pursuant to 42 USC § 7541(c).

C. The motor vehicle owner shall provide proof of compliance with such recall requirement to the emissions inspector or to the department.

1. Such proof shall consist of dated receipts from a motor vehicle dealer or repair facility authorized by the vehicle manufacturer to perform such repair or adjustment required by the recall.

2. The motor vehicle owner is responsible for obtaining satisfactory resolution of any such recall requirement and retaining all pertinent records and data.

D. Notification by mail, by postal or electronic delivery, to the motor vehicle owner of an emissions-related manufacturer recall at least 60 days prior to the requirement for an emissions inspection shall constitute adequate notice. Such notice may be provided through motor vehicle registration renewal notification, motor vehicle dealer notification, notification by the department, or other means.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE (9VAC5-91)

EPA Recommended Practice for Naming I/M Calibration Gas, EPA-AA-TSS-83-8-B, Environmental Protection Agency, September 1983

Acceleration Simulation Mode Test Procedures, Emission Standards, Quality Control Requirements and Equipment Specifications, EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2, Environmental Protection Agency, July 1996

Acceleration Simulation Mode Test Procedures, Emission Standards, Quality Control Requirements and Equipment Specifications, EPA420-B-04-011, Environmental Protection Agency, July 2004

The BOCA National Mechanical Code/1993, Eighth Edition, Building Officials & Code Administrators International, Inc.

Titles of Regulations: 9VAC5-10. General Definitions (amending 9VAC5-10-20) (Rev. F13).

9VAC5-170. Regulation for General Administration (amending 9VAC5-170-200) (Rev. F13).

Statutory Authority: § 10.1-1308 of the Code of Virginia.

Effective Date: August 28, 2013.

Agency Contact: Gary E. Graham, Department of Environmental Quality, 629 East Main Street, P.O. Box 1105, Richmond, VA 23218, telephone (804) 698-4103, FAX (804) 698-4510, TTY (804) 698-4021, or email gary.graham@deq.virginia.gov.

Summary:

The amendments allow documents and notifications to be delivered through postal or electronic means as required by Chapter 348 of the 2013 Acts of Assembly, which amended § 10.1-1183 of the Code of Virginia.

9VAC5-10-20. Terms defined.

"Actual emissions rate" means the actual rate of emissions of a pollutant from an emissions unit. In general actual emissions shall equal the average rate, in tons per year, at which the unit actually emitted the pollutant during the most recent two-year period or some other two-year period which is representative of normal source operation. If the board determines that no two-year period is representative of normal source operation, the board shall allow the use of an alternative period of time upon a determination by the board that it is more representative of normal source operation. Actual emissions shall be calculated using the unit's actual operating hours, production rates, and types of materials processed, stored, or combusted during the selected time period.

"Administrator" means the administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or his authorized representative.

"Affected facility" means, with reference to a stationary source, any part, equipment, facility, installation, apparatus, process or operation to which an emission standard is applicable or any other facility so designated. The term "affected facility" includes any affected source as defined in 40 CFR 63.2.

"Air pollution" means the presence in the outdoor atmosphere of one or more substances which are or may be harmful or injurious to human health, welfare or safety; to animal or plant life; or to property; or which unreasonably interfere with the enjoyment by the people of life or property.

"Air quality" means the specific measurement in the ambient air of a particular air pollutant at any given time.

"Air quality control region" means any area designated as such in 9VAC5-20-200.

"Alternative method" means any method of sampling and analyzing for an air pollutant which is not a reference or equivalent method, but which has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the board, in specific cases, to produce results adequate for its determination of compliance.

"Ambient air" means that portion of the atmosphere, external to buildings, to which the general public has access.

"Ambient air quality standard" means any primary or secondary standard designated as such in 9VAC5-30 (Ambient Air Quality Standards).

"Board" means the State Air Pollution Control Board or its designated representative.

"Certified mail" means electronically certified or postal certified mail, except that this definition shall only apply to the mailing of plan approvals, permits, or certificates issued under the provisions of these regulations and only where the recipient has notified the department of the recipient's consent to receive plan approvals, permits, or certificates by electronic mail. Any provision of these regulations requiring the use of certified mail to transmit special orders or administrative orders pursuant to enforcement proceedings shall mean postal certified mail.

"Class I area" means any prevention of significant deterioration area (i) in which virtually any deterioration of existing air quality is considered significant and (ii) designated as such in 9VAC5-20-205.

"Class II area" means any prevention of significant deterioration area (i) in which any deterioration of existing air quality beyond that normally accompanying well-controlled growth is considered significant and (ii) designated as such in 9VAC5-20-205.

"Class III area" means any prevention of significant deterioration area (i) in which deterioration of existing air quality to the levels of the ambient air quality standards is permitted and (ii) designated as such in 9VAC5-20-205.

"Continuous monitoring system" means the total equipment used to sample and condition (if applicable), to analyze, and to provide a permanent continuous record of emissions or process parameters.

"Control program" means a plan formulated by the owner of a stationary source to establish pollution abatement goals, including a compliance schedule to achieve such goals. The plan may be submitted voluntarily, or upon request or by order of the board, to ensure compliance by the owner with standards, policies and regulations adopted by the board. The plan shall include system and equipment information and operating performance projections as required by the board for evaluating the probability of achievement. A control program shall contain the following increments of progress:

1. The date by which contracts for emission control system or process modifications are to be awarded, or the date by which orders are to be issued for the purchase of component parts to accomplish emission control or process modification.

2. The date by which the on-site construction or installation of emission control equipment or process change is to be initiated.

3. The date by which the on-site construction or installation of emission control equipment or process modification is to be completed.

4. The date by which final compliance is to be achieved.

"Criteria pollutant" means any pollutant for which an ambient air quality standard is established under 9VAC5-30 (Ambient Air Quality Standards).

"Day" means a 24-hour period beginning at midnight.

"Delayed compliance order" means any order of the board issued after an appropriate hearing to an owner which postpones the date by which a stationary source is required to comply with any requirement contained in the applicable implementation plan.

"Department" means any employee or other representative of the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, as designated by the director.

"Director" or "executive director" means the director of the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality or a designated representative.

"Dispersion technique"

1. Means any technique which attempts to affect the concentration of a pollutant in the ambient air by:

a. Using that portion of a stack which exceeds good engineering practice stack height;

b. Varying the rate of emission of a pollutant according to atmospheric conditions or ambient concentrations of that pollutant; or

c. Increasing final exhaust gas plume rise by manipulating source process parameters, exhaust gas parameters, stack parameters, or combining exhaust gases from several existing stacks into one stack; or other selective handling of exhaust gas streams so as to increase the exhaust gas plume rise.

2. The preceding sentence does not include:

a. The reheating of a gas stream, following use of a pollution control system, for the purpose of returning the gas to the temperature at which it was originally discharged from the facility generating the gas stream;

b. The merging of exhaust gas streams where:

(1) The owner demonstrates that the facility was originally designed and constructed with such merged gas streams;

(2) After July 8, 1985, such merging is part of a change in operation at the facility that includes the installation of pollution controls and is accompanied by a net reduction in the allowable emissions of a pollutant. This exclusion from the definition of "dispersion techniques" shall apply only to the emissions limitation for the pollutant affected by such change in operation; or

(3) Before July 8, 1985, such merging was part of a change in operation at the facility that included the installation of emissions control equipment or was carried out for sound economic or engineering reasons. Where there was an increase in the emissions limitation or, in the event that no emissions limitation was in existence prior to the merging, an increase in the quantity of pollutants actually emitted prior to the merging, the board shall presume that merging was significantly motivated by an intent to gain emissions credit for greater dispersion. Absent a demonstration by the owner that merging was not significantly motivated by such intent, the board shall deny credit for the effects of such merging in calculating the allowable emissions for the source;

c. Smoke management in agricultural or silvicultural prescribed burning programs;

d. Episodic restrictions on residential woodburning and open burning; or

e. Techniques under subdivision 1 c of this definition which increase final exhaust gas plume rise where the resulting allowable emissions of sulfur dioxide from the facility do not exceed 5,000 tons per year.

"Emergency" means a situation that immediately and unreasonably affects, or has the potential to immediately and unreasonably affect, public health, safety or welfare; the health of animal or plant life; or property, whether used for recreational, commercial, industrial, agricultural or other reasonable use.

"Emissions limitation" means any requirement established by the board which limits the quantity, rate, or concentration of continuous emissions of air pollutants, including any requirements which limit the level of opacity, prescribe equipment, set fuel specifications, or prescribe operation or maintenance procedures to assure continuous emission reduction.

"Emission standard" means any provision of 9VAC5-40 (Existing Stationary Sources), 9VAC5-50 (New and Modified Stationary Sources), or 9VAC5-60 (Hazardous Air Pollutant Sources) that prescribes an emissions limitation, or other requirements that control air pollution emissions.

"Emissions unit" means any part of a stationary source which emits or would have the potential to emit any air pollutant.

"Equivalent method" means any method of sampling and analyzing for an air pollutant which has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the board to have a consistent and quantitative relationship to the reference method under specified conditions.

"EPA" means the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or an authorized representative.

"Excess emissions" means emissions of air pollutant in excess of an emission standard.

"Excessive concentration" is defined for the purpose of determining good engineering practice (GEP) stack height under subdivision 3 of the GEP definition and means:

1. For sources seeking credit for stack height exceeding that established under subdivision 2 of the GEP definition, a maximum ground-level concentration due to emissions from a stack due in whole or part to downwash, wakes, and eddy effects produced by nearby structures or nearby terrain features which individually is at least 40% in excess of the maximum concentration experienced in the absence of such downwash, wakes, or eddy effects and which contributes to a total concentration due to emissions from all sources that is greater than an ambient air quality standard. For sources subject to the provisions of Article 8 (9VAC5-80-1605 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources), an excessive concentration alternatively means a maximum ground-level concentration due to emissions from a stack due in whole or part to downwash, wakes, or eddy effects produced by nearby structures or nearby terrain features which individually is at least 40% in excess of the maximum concentration experienced in the absence of the maximum concentration experienced in the absence of such downwash, wakes, or eddy effects and greater than a prevention of significant deterioration increment. The allowable emission rate to be used in making demonstrations under this provision shall be prescribed by the new source performance standard that is applicable to the source category unless the owner demonstrates that this emission rate is infeasible. Where such demonstrations are approved by the board, an alternative emission rate shall be established in consultation with the owner;

2. For sources seeking credit after October 11, 1983, for increases in existing stack heights up to the heights established under subdivision 2 of the GEP definition, either (i) a maximum ground-level concentration due in whole or part to downwash, wakes or eddy effects as provided in subdivision 1 of this definition, except that the emission rate specified by any applicable implementation plan (or, in the absence of such a limit, the actual emission rate) shall be used, or (ii) the actual presence of a local nuisance caused by the existing stack, as determined by the board; and

3. For sources seeking credit after January 12, 1979, for a stack height determined under subdivision 2 of the GEP definition where the board requires the use of a field study or fluid model to verify GEP stack height, for sources seeking stack height credit after November 9, 1984, based on the aerodynamic influence of cooling towers, and for sources seeking stack height credit after December 31, 1970, based on the aerodynamic influence of structures not adequately represented by the equations in subdivision 2 of the GEP definition, a maximum ground-level concentration due in whole or part to downwash, wakes or eddy effects that is at least 40% in excess of the maximum concentration experienced in the absence of such downwash, wakes, or eddy effects.

"Existing source" means any stationary source other than a new source or modified source.

"Facility" means something that is built, installed or established to serve a particular purpose; includes, but is not limited to, buildings, installations, public works, businesses, commercial and industrial plants, shops and stores, heating and power plants, apparatus, processes, operations, structures, and equipment of all types.

"Federal Clean Air Act" means Chapter 85 (§ 7401 et seq.) of Title 42 of the United States Code.

"Federally enforceable" means all limitations and conditions which are enforceable by the administrator and citizens under the federal Clean Air Act or that are enforceable under other statutes administered by the administrator. Federally enforceable limitations and conditions include, but are not limited to, the following:

1. Emission standards, alternative emission standards, alternative emissions limitations, and equivalent emissions limitations established pursuant to § 112 of the federal Clean Air Act as amended in 1990.

2. New source performance standards established pursuant to § 111 of the federal Clean Air Act, and emission standards established pursuant to § 112 of the federal Clean Air Act before it was amended in 1990.

3. All terms and conditions in a federal operating permit, including any provisions that limit a source's potential to emit, unless expressly designated as not federally enforceable.

4. Limitations and conditions that are part of an implementation plan.

5. Limitations and conditions that are part of a section 111(d) or section 111(d)/129 plan.

6. Limitations and conditions that are part of a federal construction permit issued under 40 CFR 52.21 or any construction permit issued under regulations approved by EPA in accordance with 40 CFR Part 51.

7. Limitations and conditions that are part of an operating permit issued pursuant to a program approved by EPA into an implementation plan as meeting EPA's minimum criteria for federal enforceability, including adequate notice and opportunity for EPA and public comment prior to issuance of the final permit and practicable enforceability.

8. Limitations and conditions in a Virginia regulation or program that has been approved by EPA under subpart E of 40 CFR Part 63 for the purposes of implementing and enforcing § 112 of the federal Clean Air Act.

9. Individual consent agreements issued pursuant to the legal authority of EPA.

"Good engineering practice" or "GEP," with reference to the height of the stack, means the greater of:

1. 65 meters, measured from the ground-level elevation at the base of the stack;

2. a. For stacks in existence on January 12, 1979, and for which the owner had obtained all applicable permits or approvals required under 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources),

Hg = 2.5H,

provided the owner produces evidence that this equation was actually relied on in establishing an emissions limitation;

b. For all other stacks,

Hg = H + 1.5L,

where:

Hg = good engineering practice stack height, measured from the ground-level elevation at the base of the stack,

H = height of nearby structure(s) measured from the ground-level elevation at the base of the stack,

L = lesser dimension, height or projected width, of nearby structure(s) provided that the board may require the use of a field study or fluid model to verify GEP stack height for the source; or

3. The height demonstrated by a fluid model or a field study approved by the board, which ensures that the emissions from a stack do not result in excessive concentrations of any air pollutant as a result of atmospheric downwash, wakes, or eddy effects created by the source itself, nearby structures or nearby terrain features.

"Hazardous air pollutant" means an air pollutant to which no ambient air quality standard is applicable and which in the judgment of the administrator causes, or contributes to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to result in an increase in mortality or an increase in serious irreversible, or incapacitating reversible, illness.

"Implementation plan" means the portion or portions of the state implementation plan, or the most recent revision thereof, which has been approved under § 110 of the federal Clean Air Act, or promulgated under § 110(c) of the federal Clean Air Act, or promulgated or approved pursuant to regulations promulgated under § 301(d) of the federal Clean Air Act and which implements the relevant requirements of the federal Clean Air Act.

"Initial emission test" means the test required by any regulation, permit issued pursuant to 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources), control program, compliance schedule or other enforceable mechanism for determining compliance with new or more stringent emission standards or permit limitations or other emissions limitations requiring the installation or modification of air pollution control equipment or implementation of a control method. Initial emission tests shall be conducted in accordance with 9VAC5-40-30.

"Initial performance test" means the test required by (i) 40 CFR Part 60 for determining compliance with standards of performance, or (ii) a permit issued pursuant to 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources) for determining initial compliance with permit limitations. Initial performance tests shall be conducted in accordance with 9VAC5-50-30 and 9VAC5-60-30.

"Isokinetic sampling" means sampling in which the linear velocity of the gas entering the sampling nozzle is equal to that of the undisturbed gas stream at the sample point.

"Locality" means a city, town, county or other public body created by or pursuant to state law.

"Mail" means electronic or postal delivery.

"Maintenance area" means any geographic region of the United States previously designated as a nonattainment area and subsequently redesignated to attainment subject to the requirement to develop a maintenance plan and designated as such in 9VAC5-20-203.

"Malfunction" means any sudden failure of air pollution control equipment, of process equipment, or of a process to operate in a normal or usual manner, which failure is not due to intentional misconduct or negligent conduct on the part of the owner or other person. Failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions.

"Monitoring device" means the total equipment used to measure and record (if applicable) process parameters.

"Nearby" as used in the definition of good engineering practice (GEP) is defined for a specific structure or terrain feature and:

1. For purposes of applying the formulae provided in subdivision 2 of the GEP definition means that distance up to five times the lesser of the height or the width dimension of a structure, but not greater than 0.8 km (1/2 mile); and

2. For conducting demonstrations under subdivision 3 of the GEP definition means not greater than 0.8 km (1/2 mile), except that the portion of a terrain feature may be considered to be nearby which falls within a distance of up to 10 times the maximum height (Ht) of the feature, not to exceed two miles if such feature achieves a height (Ht) 0.8 km from the stack that is at least 40% of the GEP stack height determined by the formulae provided in subdivision 2 b of the GEP definition or 26 meters, whichever is greater, as measured from the ground-level elevation at the base of the stack. The height of the structure or terrain feature is measured from the ground-level elevation at the base of the stack.

"Nitrogen oxides" means all oxides of nitrogen except nitrous oxide, as measured by test methods set forth in 40 CFR Part 60.

"Nonattainment area" means any area which is shown by air quality monitoring data or, where such data are not available, which is calculated by air quality modeling (or other methods determined by the board to be reliable) to exceed the levels allowed by the ambient air quality standard for a given pollutant including, but not limited to, areas designated as such in 9VAC5-20-204.

"One hour" means any period of 60 consecutive minutes.

"One-hour period" means any period of 60 consecutive minutes commencing on the hour.

"Organic compound" means any chemical compound of carbon excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic disulfide, carbonic acid, metallic carbides, metallic carbonates and ammonium carbonate.

"Owner" means any person, including bodies politic and corporate, associations, partnerships, personal representatives, trustees and committees, as well as individuals, who owns, leases, operates, controls or supervises a source.

"Particulate matter" means any airborne finely divided solid or liquid material with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 100 micrometers.

"Particulate matter emissions" means all finely divided solid or liquid material, other than uncombined water, emitted to the ambient air as measured by the applicable reference method, or an equivalent or alternative method.

"PM₁₀" means particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 10 micrometers as measured by the applicable reference method or an equivalent method.

"PM₁₀ emissions" means finely divided solid or liquid material, with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 10 micrometers emitted to the ambient air as measured by the applicable reference method, or an equivalent or alternative method.

"Performance test" means a test for determining emissions from new or modified sources.

"Person" means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, a governmental body, a municipal corporation, or any other legal entity.

"Pollutant" means any substance the presence of which in the outdoor atmosphere is or may be harmful or injurious to human health, welfare or safety, to animal or plant life, or to property, or which unreasonably interferes with the enjoyment by the people of life or property.

"Potential to emit" means the maximum capacity of a stationary source to emit a pollutant under its physical and operational design. Any physical or operational limitation on the capacity of the source to emit a pollutant, including air pollution control equipment, and restrictions on hours of operation or on the type or amount of material combusted, stored, or processed, shall be treated as part of its design only if the limitation or its effect on emissions is state and federally enforceable.

"Prevention of significant deterioration area" means any area not designated as a nonattainment area in 9VAC5-20-204 for a particular pollutant and designated as such in 9VAC5-20-205.

"Proportional sampling" means sampling at a rate that produces a constant ratio of sampling rate to stack gas flow rate.

"Public hearing" means, unless indicated otherwise, an informal proceeding, similar to that provided for in § 2.2-4007.02 of the Administrative Process Act, held to afford persons an opportunity to submit views and data relative to a matter on which a decision of the board is pending.

"Reference method" means any method of sampling and analyzing for an air pollutant as described in the following EPA regulations:

1. For ambient air quality standards in 9VAC5-30 (Ambient Air Quality Standards): The applicable appendix of 40 CFR Part 50 or any method that has been designated as a reference method in accordance with 40 CFR Part 53, except that it does not include a method for which a reference designation has been canceled in accordance with 40 CFR 53.11 or 40 CFR 53.16.

2. For emission standards in 9VAC5-40 (Existing Stationary Sources) and 9VAC5-50 (New and Modified Stationary Sources): Appendix M of 40 CFR Part 51 or Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 60.

3. For emission standards in 9VAC5-60 (Hazardous Air Pollutant Sources): Appendix B of 40 CFR Part 61 or Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 63.

"Regional director" means the regional director of an administrative region of the Department of Environmental Quality or a designated representative.

"Regulation of the board" means any regulation adopted by the State Air Pollution Control Board under any provision of the Code of Virginia.

"Regulations for the Control and Abatement of Air Pollution" means 9VAC5-10 (General Definitions) through 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources).

"Reid vapor pressure" means the absolute vapor pressure of volatile crude oil and volatile nonviscous petroleum liquids except liquefied petroleum gases as determined by American Society for Testing and Materials publication, "Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)" (see 9VAC5-20-21).

"Run" means the net period of time during which an emission sample is collected. Unless otherwise specified, a run may be either intermittent or continuous within the limits of good engineering practice.

"Section 111(d) plan" means the portion or portions of the plan, or the most recent revision thereof, which has been approved under 40 CFR 60.27(b) in accordance with § 111(d)(1) of the federal Clean Air Act, or promulgated under 40 CFR 60.27(d) in accordance with § 111 (d)(2) of the federal Clean Air Act, and which implements the relevant requirements of the federal Clean Air Act.

"Section 111(d)/129 plan" means the portion or portions of the plan, or the most recent revision thereof, which has been approved under 40 CFR 60.27(b) in accordance with §§ 111(d)(1) and 129(b)(2) of the federal Clean Air Act, or promulgated under 40 CFR 60.27(d) in accordance with §§ 111(d)(2) and 129(b)(3) of the federal Clean Air Act, and which implements the relevant requirements of the federal Clean Air Act.

"Shutdown" means the cessation of operation of an affected facility for any purpose.

"Source" means any one or combination of the following: buildings, structures, facilities, installations, articles, machines, equipment, landcraft, watercraft, aircraft or other contrivances which contribute, or may contribute, either directly or indirectly to air pollution. Any activity by any person that contributes, or may contribute, either directly or indirectly to air pollution, including, but not limited to, open burning, generation of fugitive dust or emissions, and cleaning with abrasives or chemicals.

"Stack" means any point in a source designed to emit solids, liquids or gases into the air, including a pipe or duct, but not including flares.

"Stack in existence" means that the owner had:

1. Begun, or caused to begin, a continuous program of physical on site construction of the stack; or

2. Entered into binding agreements or contractual obligations, which could not be canceled or modified without substantial loss to the owner, to undertake a program of construction of the stack to be completed in a reasonable time.

"Standard conditions" means a temperature of 20°C (68°F) and a pressure of 760 mm of Hg (29.92 inches of Hg).

"Standard of performance" means any provision of 9VAC5-50 (New and Modified Stationary Sources) which prescribes an emissions limitation or other requirements that control air pollution emissions.

"Startup" means the setting in operation of an affected facility for any purpose.

"State enforceable" means all limitations and conditions which are enforceable by the board or department, including, but not limited to, those requirements developed pursuant to 9VAC5-20-110; requirements within any applicable regulation, order, consent agreement or variance; and any permit requirements established pursuant to 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources).

"State Implementation Plan" means the plan, including the most recent revision thereof, which has been approved or promulgated by the administrator, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, under § 110 of the federal Clean Air Act, and which implements the requirements of § 110.

"Stationary source" means any building, structure, facility or installation which emits or may emit any air pollutant. A stationary source shall include all of the pollutant-emitting activities which belong to the same industrial grouping, are located on one or more contiguous or adjacent properties, and are under the control of the same person (or persons under common control) except the activities of any vessel. Pollutant-emitting activities shall be considered as part of the same industrial grouping if they belong to the same "Major Group" (i.e., which have the same two-digit code) as described in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (see 9VAC5-20-21).

"These regulations" means 9VAC5-10 (General Definitions) through 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources).

"Total suspended particulate (TSP)" means particulate matter as measured by the reference method described in Appendix B of 40 CFR Part 50.

"True vapor pressure" means the equilibrium partial pressure exerted by a petroleum liquid as determined in accordance with methods described in American Petroleum Institute (API) publication, "Evaporative Loss from External Floating-Roof Tanks" (see 9VAC5-20-21). The API procedure may not be applicable to some high viscosity or high pour crudes. Available estimates of true vapor pressure may be used in special cases such as these.

"Urban area" means any area consisting of a core city with a population of 50,000 or more plus any surrounding localities with a population density of 80 persons per square mile and designated as such in 9VAC5-20-201.

"Vapor pressure," except where specific test methods are specified, means true vapor pressure, whether measured directly, or determined from Reid vapor pressure by use of the applicable nomograph in American Petroleum Institute publication, "Evaporative Loss from Floating-Roof Tanks" (see 9VAC5-20-21).

"Virginia Air Pollution Control Law" means Chapter 13 (§ 10.1-1300 et seq.) of Title 10.1 of the Code of Virginia.

"Volatile organic compound" means any compound of carbon, excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, metallic carbides or carbonates, and ammonium carbonate, which participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions.

1. This includes any such organic compounds which have been determined to have negligible photochemical reactivity other than the following:

a. Methane;

b. Ethane;

c. Methylene chloride (dichloromethane);

d. 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform);

e. 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (CFC-113);

f. Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11);

g. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12);

h. Chlorodifluoromethane (H CFC-22);

i. Trifluoromethane (H FC-23);

j. 1,2-dichloro 1,1,2,2,-tetrafluoroethane (CFC-114);

k. Chloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115);

l. 1,1,1-trifluoro 2,2-dichloroethane (HCFC-123);

m. 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a);

n. 1,1-dichloro 1-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b);

o. 1-chloro 1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b);

p. 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HCFC-124);

q. Pentafluoroethane (HFC-125);

r. 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134);

s. 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC-143a);

t. 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a);

u. Parachlorobenzotrifluoride (PCBTF);

v. Cyclic, branched, or linear completely methylated siloxanes;

w. Acetone;

x. Perchloroethylene (tetrachloroethylene);

y. 3,3-dichloro-1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane (HCFC-225ca);

z. 1,3-dichloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane (HCFC-225cb);

aa. 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane (HFC 43-10mee);

bb. Difluoromethane (HFC-32);

cc. Ethylfluoride (HFC-161);

dd. 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236fa);

ee. 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245ca);

ff. 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245ea);

gg. 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245eb);

hh. 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa);

ii. 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236ea);

jj. 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc);

kk. Chlorofluoromethane (HCFC-31);

ll. 1 chloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-151a);

mm. 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a);

nn. 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-nonafluoro-4-methoxy-butane (C₄F₉OCH₃ or HFE-7100);

oo. 2-(difluoromethoxymethyl)-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-hepta-fluoropropane ((CF₃)₂CFCF₂ OCH₃);

pp. 1-ethoxy-1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane (C₄F₉ OC₂H₅ or HFE-7200);

qq. 2-(ethoxydifluoromethyl)-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-hepta-fluoropropane ((CF₃)₂CFCF₂OC₂H₅);

rr. Methyl acetate; ss. 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-methoxy-propane (n-C₃F₇OCH₃) (HFE-7000);

tt. 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl) hexane (HFE-7500);

uu. 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC 227ea);

vv. methyl formate (HCOOCH₃);

ww. (1) 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-trifluoromethyl-pentane (HFE-7300);

xx. propylene carbonate;

yy. dimethyl carbonate; and

zz. Perfluorocarbon compounds which fall into these classes:

(1) Cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated alkanes;

(2) Cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated ethers with no unsaturations;

(3) Cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated tertiary amines with no unsaturations; and

(4) Sulfur containing perfluorocarbons with no unsaturations and with sulfur bonds only to carbon and fluorine.

2. For purposes of determining compliance with emissions standards, volatile organic compounds shall be measured by the appropriate reference method in accordance with the provisions of 9VAC5-40-30 or 9VAC5-50-30, as applicable. Where such a method also measures compounds with negligible photochemical reactivity, these negligibly reactive compounds may be excluded as a volatile organic compound if the amount of such compounds is accurately quantified, and such exclusion is approved by the board.

3. As a precondition to excluding these compounds as volatile organic compounds or at any time thereafter, the board may require an owner to provide monitoring or testing methods and results demonstrating, to the satisfaction of the board, the amount of negligibly reactive compounds in the emissions of the source.

4. Exclusion of the above compounds in this definition in effect exempts such compounds from the provisions of emission standards for volatile organic compounds. The compounds are exempted on the basis of being so inactive that they will not contribute significantly to the formation of ozone in the troposphere. However, this exemption does not extend to other properties of the exempted compounds which, at some future date, may require regulation and limitation of their use in accordance with requirements of the federal Clean Air Act.

5. The following compound is a VOC for purposes of all recordkeeping, emissions reporting, photochemical dispersion modeling and inventory requirements that apply to VOCs and shall be uniquely identified in emission reports, but is not a VOC for purposes of VOC emission standards, VOC emissions limitations, or VOC content requirements: t-butyl acetate.

"Welfare" means that language referring to effects on welfare includes, but is not limited to, effects on soils, water, crops, vegetation, man-made materials, animals, wildlife, weather, visibility and climate, damage to and deterioration of property, and hazards to transportation, as well as effects on economic values and on personal comfort and well-being.

9VAC5-170-200. Appeal procedures.

A. An owner or other party significantly affected by an action of the board taken without a formal hearing, or by inaction of the board, may request a formal hearing in accordance with § 2.2-4020 of the Administrative Process Act, provided a petition requesting a formal hearing is filed with the board. In cases involving actions of the board, the petition shall be filed within 30 days after notice of the action is mailed, by postal or electronic delivery, or delivered to the owner or party requesting notification of the action.

B. Prior to a formal hearing, an informal fact finding shall be held pursuant to § 2.2-4019 of the Administrative Process Act unless waived by the named party and the board.

C. A decision of the board resulting from a formal hearing shall constitute the final decision of the board.

D. Judicial review of a final decision of the board shall be afforded in accordance with § 10.1-1318 of the Virginia Air Pollution Control Law and § 2.2-4026 of the Administrative Process Act.

E. Nothing in this section shall prevent disposition of a case by consent.

F. A petition for a formal hearing or a notice or petition for an appeal by itself shall not constitute a stay of decision or action.

G. A party significantly affected by a decision of the director may request that the board exercise its authority for direct consideration of the issue. The request shall be filed within 30 days after the decision is rendered and shall contain reasons for the request.

H. The submittal of the request by itself shall not constitute a stay of decision. A stay of decision shall be sought through appropriate legal channels.

I. The director has final authority to adjudicate contested decisions of subordinates delegated powers by the director prior to appeal of decisions to the circuit court or consideration by the board.

Title of Regulation: 9VAC15-70. Small Renewable Energy Projects (Combustion) Permit by Rule (adding 9VAC15-70-10 through 9VAC15-70-140).

Statutory Authority: § 10.1-1197.6 of the Code of Virginia.

Effective Date: August 28, 2013.

Agency Contact: Carol C. Wampler, Department of Environmental Quality, 629 East Main Street, P.O. Box 1105, Richmond, VA 23218, telephone (804) 698-4579, FAX (804) 698-4346, TTY (804) 698-4021, or email carol.wampler@deq.virginia.gov.

Summary:

This regulatory action establishes requirements for permits by rule for combustion energy projects with rated capacity not exceeding 20 megawatts, including requirements for potential environmental impacts analyses, mitigation plans, public participation, permit fees, interagency consultations, compliance, and enforcement. Changes since publication of the proposed regulation make technical corrections to 9VAC15-70-120 and 9VAC15-70-130 and delete the listing of documents incorporated by reference.

Summary of Public Comments and Agency's Response: A summary of comments made by the public and the agency's response may be obtained from the promulgating agency or viewed at the office of the Registrar of Regulations.

CHAPTER 70
SMALL RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS (COMBUSTION) PERMIT BY RULE

9VAC15-70-10. [ Defintions Definitions ].

The following words and terms when used in this chapter shall have the following meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"Applicant" means the owner or operator who submits an application to the department for a permit by rule pursuant to this chapter.

"Archive search" means a search of DHR's cultural resource inventory for the presence of previously recorded archaeological sites and for architectural structures and districts.

"Coastal Avian Protection Zones" or "CAPZ" means the areas designated on the map of "Coastal Avian Protection Zones" generated on the department's Coastal GEMS geospatial data system (9VAC15-70-120 C 1).

"Combustion energy project," or "project" means a small renewable energy project that:

1. Is an electrical generation facility with a rated capacity not exceeding 20 megawatts that generates electricity only from biomass, energy from waste, or municipal solid waste; and

2. Utilizes a fuel or feedstock that is addressed as a regulated solid waste by 9VAC20-81, 9VAC20-60, or 9VAC20-120; is defined as biomass pursuant to § 10.1-1308.1 of the Code of Virginia; or both.

"Department" means the Department of Environmental Quality, its director, or the director's designee.

"DCR" means the Department of Conservation and Recreation.

"DGIF" means the Department of Game and Inland Fisheries.

"DHR" means the Department of Historic Resources.

"Disturbance zone" means the area within the site directly impacted by construction and operation of the combustion energy project.

"Historic resource" means any prehistoric or historic district, site, building, structure, object, or cultural landscape that is included or meets the criteria necessary for inclusion in the Virginia Landmarks Register pursuant to the authorities of § 10.1-2205 of the Code of Virginia and in accordance with 17VAC5-30-40 through 17VAC5-30-70.

"Interconnection point" means the point or points where the combustion energy project connects to a project substation for transmission to the electrical grid.

"Natural heritage resource" means the habitat of rare, threatened, or endangered plant and animal species, rare or state significant natural communities or geologic sites, and similar features of scientific interest benefiting the welfare of the citizens of the Commonwealth.

"Operator" means the person responsible for the overall operation and management of a combustion energy project.

"Owner" means the person who owns all or a portion of a combustion energy project.

"Parasitic load" means the maximum amount of electricity (in megawatts or kilowatts) a combustion energy project uses to run its electricity-producing processes while operating at the rated capacity.

"Parking lot" means an improved area, usually divided into individual spaces and covered with pavement or gravel, intended for the parking of motor vehicles.

"Permit by rule" means provisions of this chapter stating that a project or activity is deemed to have a permit if it meets the requirements of the provision.

"Person" means any individual, partnership, firm, association, joint venture, public or private corporation, trust, estate, commission, board, public or private institution, utility, cooperative, county, city, town, or other political subdivision of the Commonwealth, any interstate body, or any other legal entity.

"Preconstruction" means any time prior to commencing land-clearing operations necessary for the installation of energy-generating structures at the combustion energy project.

"Rated capacity" means the maximum designed electrical generation capacity (in megawatts or kilowatts) of a combustion energy project, minus the parasitic load; sometimes known as "net capacity."

"Site" means the area encompassed by the combustion energy project, plus appurtenant structures and facilities such as fuel processing, delivery, storage, and associated conveyance equipment areas if they (i) are contiguous and (ii) primarily exist to supply fuel for the generation of electricity at that project, to the extent that these areas are under common ownership or operating control by the owner or operator of the combustion energy project.

"Small renewable energy project" means (i) an electrical generation facility with a rated capacity not exceeding 100 megawatts that generates electricity only from sunlight, wind, falling water, wave motion, tides, or geothermal power, or (ii) an electrical generation facility with a rated capacity not exceeding 20 megawatts that generates electricity only from biomass, energy from waste, or municipal solid waste.

"T&E," "state threatened or endangered species," or "state-listed species" means any wildlife species designated as a Virginia endangered or threatened species by DGIF pursuant to § 29.1-563-570 of the Code of Virginia and 4VAC15-20-130.

"VLR" means the Virginia Landmarks Register (9VAC15-70-120 B 1).

"VLR-eligible" means those historic resources that meet the criteria necessary for inclusion on the VLR pursuant to 17VAC5-30-40 through 17VAC5-30-70 but are not listed in the VLR.

"VLR-listed" means those historic resources that have been listed in the VLR in accordance with the criteria of 17VAC5-30-40 through 17VAC5-30-70.

"Wildlife" means wild animals; except, however, that T&E insect species shall only be addressed as part of natural heritage resources and shall not be considered T&E wildlife.

9VAC15-70-20. Authority and applicability.

A. This chapter is issued under authority of Article 5 (§ 10.1-1197.5 et seq.) of Chapter 11.1 of Title 10.1 of the Code of Virginia. The chapter contains requirements for combustion energy projects that are designed for, or capable of, operation at a rated capacity equal to or less than 20 megawatts.

B. The department has determined that a permit by rule is required for combustion energy projects with a rated capacity greater than five megawatts, provided that the projects do not otherwise meet the criteria for Part III (9VAC15-70-130 et seq.) of this chapter; and this regulation contains the permit by rule provisions for these projects in Part II (9VAC15-70-30 et seq.) of this chapter.

C. The department has determined that different provisions should apply to projects that meet the criteria as set forth in Part III (9VAC15-70-130) of this chapter, and this regulation contains the requirements, if any, for these projects in Part III (9VAC15-70-130) of this chapter. Projects that meet the criteria for Part III of this chapter are deemed to be covered by the permit by rule.

Part II
Permit by Rule Provisions for Combustion Energy Projects with Rated Capacity Greater Than Five Megawatts and Not Otherwise Meeting Criteria for Part III

9VAC15-70-30. Application.

A. The owner or operator of a combustion energy project with a rated capacity greater than five megawatts, provided that the project does not otherwise meet the criteria for Part III (9VAC15-70-130) of this chapter, shall submit to the department a complete application in which he satisfactorily accomplishes all of the following:

1. In accordance with § 10.1-1197.6 B 1 of the Code of Virginia, and as early in the project development process as practicable, furnishes to the department a notice of intent, to be published in the Virginia Register of Regulations, that he intends to submit the necessary documentation for a permit by rule for a small renewable energy project;

2. In accordance with § 10.1-1197.6 B 2 of the Code of Virginia, furnishes to the department a certification by the governing body of the locality or localities wherein the small renewable energy project will be located that the project complies with all applicable land use ordinances;

3. In accordance with § 10.1-1197.6 B 3 of the Code of Virginia, furnishes to the department copies of all interconnection studies undertaken by the regional transmission organization or transmission owner, or both, on behalf of the small renewable energy project;

4. In accordance with § 10.1-1197.6 B 4 of the Code of Virginia, furnishes to the department a copy of the final interconnection agreement between the small renewable energy project and the regional transmission organization or transmission owner indicating that the connection of the small renewable energy project will not cause a reliability problem for the system. If the final agreement is not available, the most recent interconnection study shall be sufficient for the purposes of this section. When a final interconnection agreement is complete, it shall be provided to the department. The department shall forward a copy of the agreement or study to the State Corporation Commission;

5. In accordance with § 10.1-1197.6 B 5 of the Code of Virginia, furnishes to the department a certification signed by a professional engineer licensed in Virginia that the maximum generation capacity of the combustion energy project, as designed, does not exceed 20 megawatts;

6. In accordance with § 10.1-1197.6 B 6 of the Code of Virginia, furnishes to the department an analysis of potential environmental impacts of the small renewable energy project's operations on attainment of national ambient air quality standards;

7. In accordance with § 10.1-1197.6 B 7 of the Code of Virginia, furnishes to the department, where relevant, an analysis of the beneficial and adverse impacts of the proposed project on natural resources. The owner or operator shall perform the analyses prescribed in 9VAC15-70-40. For wildlife, that analysis shall be based on information on the presence, activity, and migratory behavior of wildlife to be collected at the site for a period of time dictated by the site conditions and biology of the wildlife being studied, not exceeding 12 months;

8. In accordance with § 10.1-1197.6 B 8 of the Code of Virginia, furnishes to the department a mitigation plan pursuant to 9VAC15-70-70 that details reasonable actions to be taken by the owner or operator to avoid, minimize, or otherwise mitigate such impacts, and to measure the efficacy of those actions; provided, however, that the provisions of subdivision A 8 of this section shall only be required if the department determines pursuant to 9VAC15-70-50 that the information collected pursuant to § 10.1-1197.6 B 7 of the Code of Virginia and 9VAC15-70-40 indicates that significant adverse impacts to wildlife or historic resources are likely;

9. In accordance with § 10.1-1197.6 B 9 of the Code of Virginia, furnishes to the department a certification signed by a professional engineer licensed in Virginia that the project is designed in accordance with 9VAC15-70-80;

10. In accordance with § 10.1-1197.6 B 10 of the Code of Virginia, furnishes to the department an operating plan describing how any standards established in this chapter applicable to the permit by rule will be achieved;

11. In accordance with § 10.1-1197.6 B 11 of the Code of Virginia, furnishes to the department a detailed site plan meeting the requirements of 9VAC15-70-70;

12. In accordance with § 10.1-1197.6 B 12 of the Code of Virginia, furnishes to the department a certification signed by the applicant that the combustion energy project has applied for or obtained all necessary environmental permits;

13. Prior to authorization of the project and in accordance with §§ 10.1-1197.6 B 13 and 10.1-1197.6 B 14 of the Code of Virginia, conducts a 30-day public review and comment period and holds a public meeting pursuant to 9VAC15-70-90. The public meeting shall be held in the locality or, if the project is located in more than one locality, in a place proximate to the location of the proposed project. Following the public meeting and public comment period, the applicant shall prepare a report summarizing the issues raised by the public and include any written comments received and the applicant's response to those comments. The report shall be provided to the department as part of this application; and

14. In accordance with 9VAC15-70-110, furnishes to the department the appropriate fee.

B. Within 90 days of receiving all of the required documents and fees listed in subsection A of this section, the department shall determine, after consultation with other agencies in the Secretariat of Natural Resources, whether the application is complete and whether it adequately meets the requirements of this chapter, pursuant to § 10.1-1197.7 A of the Code of Virginia.

1. If the department determines that the application meets the requirements of this chapter, then the department shall notify the applicant in writing that he is authorized to construct and operate a combustion energy project pursuant to this chapter.

2. If the department determines that the application does not meet the requirements of this chapter, then the department shall notify the applicant in writing and specify the deficiencies.

3. If the applicant chooses to correct deficiencies in a previously submitted application, the department shall follow the procedures of this subsection and notify the applicant whether the revised application meets the requirements of this chapter within 60 days of receiving the revised application.

4. Any case decision by the department pursuant to this subsection shall be subject to the process and appeal provisions of the Administrative Process Act (§ 2.2-4000 et seq. of the Code of Virginia).

9VAC15-70-40. Analysis of the beneficial and adverse impacts on natural resources.

A. Analyses of wildlife. To fulfill the requirements of § 10.1-1197.6 B 7 of the Code of Virginia, the applicant shall conduct preconstruction wildlife analyses. The analyses of wildlife shall include the following if the disturbance zone exceeds 10 acres and the project does not meet the criteria of 9VAC15-70-130 B 2 a (2):

1. The applicant shall obtain a wildlife report and map generated from DGIF's Virginia Fish and Wildlife Information Service web-based application (9VAC15-70-120 C 3) or from a data and mapping system including the most recent data available from DGIF's subscriber-based Wildlife Environmental Review Map Service of the following: (i) T&E species within the project's disturbance zone; (ii) known wildlife species and habitat features within the project's disturbance zone and within two miles of the boundary of the project's disturbance zone; and (iii) known or potential sea turtle nesting beaches located within one-half mile of the disturbance zone.

2. If the height of the tallest point of the built structures exceeds 200 feet, the applicant shall consult the "Coastal Avian Protection Zones (CAPZ)" map generated on the department's Coastal GEMS geospatial data system (9VAC15-70-120 C 1) and determine whether the proposed combustion energy project disturbance zone will be located in part or in whole within one or more CAPZ.

B. Analyses of historic resources. To fulfill the requirements of § 10.1-1197.6 B 7 of the Code of Virginia, the applicant shall also conduct a preconstruction historic resources analysis.

1. Desktop survey for projects with rated capacity exceeding five megawatts. The applicant shall perform a desktop survey of known VLR-listed and VLR-eligible historic resources within the project's disturbance zone and within one-half mile of the disturbance zone boundary by means of an archives search of DHR's cultural resource inventory and report in writing the results of the archives search to the department.

2. Architectural (direct impacts) and archaeological surveys if disturbance zone exceeds 10 acres. If the project's disturbance zone exceeds 10 acres and the project does not meet the criteria for 9VAC15-70-130 B 2 a (2), the applicant shall also meet the requirements of this subsection and the prescribed analysis shall be conducted by a qualified professional meeting the professional qualification standards of the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Archaeology and Historic Preservation (9VAC15-70-120 B 2) in the appropriate discipline. The analysis for this subsection shall include each of the following:

a. Architectural survey (direct impacts). The applicant shall conduct a field survey of all architectural resources, including cultural landscapes, 50 years of age or older, within the disturbance zone and evaluate the eligibility of any identified resource for listing in the VLR.

b. Archaeological survey. The applicant shall conduct an archaeological field survey of the disturbance zone and evaluate the eligibility of any identified archaeological site for listing in the VLR. As an alternative to performing this archaeological survey, the applicant may make a demonstration to the department that the project will not penetrate the subsurface in a manner that would threaten archaeological resources and that any necessary grading of the site prior to construction does not have the potential to adversely impact any archaeological resource.

3. Architectural survey (indirect impacts) if the tallest point of the built structures exceeds 200 feet. If the tallest point of the built structures exceeds 200 feet, the applicant shall also conduct a field survey of all architectural resources, including cultural landscapes, 50 years of age or older, within the one-half mile of the disturbance zone boundary and evaluate the eligibility of any identified resource for listing in the VLR. The prescribed analysis shall be conducted by a qualified professional meeting the professional qualification standards of the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Archeology and Historic Preservation (9VAC15-70-120 B 2) in the appropriate discipline.

4. Architectural survey (direct impacts) of structures 50 years of age or older. If the project will utilize or demolish existing buildings 50 years of age or older and the project does not meet the criteria for 9VAC15-70-130 B 2 c (2), the applicant shall evaluate the eligibility of any such buildings for listing in the VLR. The prescribed analysis shall be conducted by a qualified professional meeting the professional qualification standards of the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Archaeology and Historic Preservation (9VAC15-70-120 B 2) in the appropriate discipline.

C. Analyses of other natural resources. To fulfill the requirements of § 10.1-1197.6 B 7 of the Code of Virginia, and if the project's disturbance zone exceeds 10 acres, the applicant shall also conduct a pre-construction desktop survey of natural heritage resources within the disturbance zone.

D. Summary report. The applicant shall provide to the department a report presenting the findings of the applicable studies and analyses conducted pursuant to subsections A, B, and C of this section, along with all data and supporting documents. The applicant shall assess and describe the expected beneficial and adverse impacts, if any, of the proposed project on wildlife and historic resources identified by these studies and analyses.

9VAC15-70-50. Determination of likely significant adverse impacts for combustion energy projects with rated capacity greater than five megawatts.

A. The department shall find that significant adverse impacts to wildlife are likely whenever the wildlife analyses prescribed in 9VAC15-70-40 A document that any of the following conditions exists:

1. State-listed T&E wildlife are found to occur within the disturbance zone;

2. The disturbance zone is located on or within one-half mile of a known or potential sea turtle nesting beach; or

3. The disturbance zone is located in part or in whole within [ zones zone ] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12, or 14 on the Coastal Avian Protection Zones (CAPZ) map and the height of the tallest point of the built structures exceeds 200 feet.

B. The department shall find that significant adverse impacts to historic resources are likely whenever the historic resources analyses prescribed by 9VAC15-70-40 B indicate that the proposed project is likely to diminish significantly any aspect of a historic resource's integrity.

9VAC15-70-60. Mitigation plan.

A. If the department determines that significant adverse impacts to wildlife or historic resources or both are likely, then the applicant shall prepare a mitigation plan. The mitigation plan shall include a description of the affected wildlife or historic resources, or both, and the impact to be mitigated; a description of actions that will be taken to avoid the stated impact; and a plan for implementation. If the impact cannot reasonably be avoided, the plan shall include a description of actions that will be taken to minimize the stated impact and a plan for implementation. If neither avoidance nor minimization is reasonably practicable, the plan shall include a description of other measures that may be taken to offset the stated impact and a plan for implementation.

B. Mitigation measures for significant adverse impacts to wildlife shall include:

1. For state-listed T&E wildlife, the applicant shall take all reasonable measures to avoid significant adverse impacts or shall demonstrate in the mitigation plan what significant adverse impacts cannot practicably be avoided and why additional proposed actions are reasonable. These additional proposed actions may include best practices to avoid, minimize, or offset adverse impacts to resources analyzed pursuant to 9VAC15-70-40 A or C.

2. For proposed projects where the disturbance zone is located on or within one-half mile of a known or potential sea turtle nesting beach, the applicant shall take all reasonable measures to avoid significant adverse impacts or shall demonstrate in the mitigation plan what significant adverse impacts cannot practicably be avoided and why additional proposed mitigation actions are reasonable. Mitigation measures shall include the following:

a. Avoiding construction within likely sea turtle crawl or nesting habitats during the turtle nesting and hatching season (May 20 - October 31). If avoiding construction during this period is not possible, then conducting daily crawl surveys of the disturbance zone (May 20 - August 31) and one mile beyond the northern and southern reaches of the disturbance zone (hereinafter "sea turtle nest survey zone") between sunrise and 9 a.m. by qualified individuals who have the ability to distinguish accurately between nesting and non-nesting emergences.

b. If construction is scheduled during the nesting season, then including measures to protect nests and hatchlings found within the sea turtle nest survey zone.

c. Minimizing nighttime construction during the nesting season and designing project lighting during the construction and operational phases to minimize impacts on nesting sea turtles and hatchlings.

3. For projects located in part or in whole within [ zones zone ] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12, or 14 on the Coastal Avian Protection Zones (CAPZ) map for which the tallest point of the built structures exceeds 200 feet, contribute $1,000.00 per megawatt of rated capacity, or partial megawatt thereof, to a fund designated by the department in support of scientific research investigating the impacts of projects in CAPZ on avian resources.

C. Mitigation measures for significant adverse impacts to historic resources shall include:

1. Significant adverse impacts to VLR-eligible or VLR-listed architectural resources shall be minimized, to the extent practicable, through design of the combustion energy project or the installation of vegetative or other screening.

2. If significant adverse impacts to VLR-eligible or VLR-listed architectural resources cannot be avoided or minimized such that impacts are no longer significantly adverse, then the applicant shall develop a reasonable and proportionate mitigation plan that offsets the significantly adverse impacts and has a demonstrable public benefit and benefit for the affected or similar resource.

3. If any identified VLR-eligible or VLR-listed archaeological site cannot be avoided or minimized to such a degree as to avoid a significant adverse impact, significant adverse impacts of the project will be mitigated through archaeological data recovery.

9VAC15-70-70. Site plan and context map requirements.

A. The applicant shall submit a site plan that includes maps showing the physical features, topography, and land cover of the area within the site, both before and after construction of the proposed project. The site plan shall be submitted at a scale sufficient to show and shall include the following: (i) the boundaries of the site; (ii) the location, height, and approximate dimensions of all existing and proposed infrastructure; (iii) the location, grades, and dimensions of all temporary and permanent on-site and access roads from the nearest county or state maintained road; and (iv) water bodies, waterways, wetlands, and drainage channels.

B. If the project's disturbance zone exceeds 10 acres, the applicant shall submit a context map including the area encompassed by the site and within two miles of the site boundary. The context map shall show known state and federal resource lands and other protected areas, Coastal Avian Protection Zones, state roads, waterways, locality boundaries, forests, and open spaces.

9VAC15-70-80. Combustion energy project design standards.

The design and installation of the combustion energy project shall incorporate any requirements of the mitigation plan that pertain to design and installation, if a mitigation plan is required pursuant to 9VAC15-70-50.

9VAC15-70-90. Public participation.

A. Before the initiation of any construction at the combustion energy project, the applicant shall comply with this section. The owner or operator shall first publish a notice once a week for two consecutive weeks in a major local newspaper of general circulation informing the public that he intends to construct and operate a project eligible for a permit by rule. No later than the date of newspaper publication of the initial notice, the owner or operator shall submit to the department a copy of the notice along with electronic copies of all documents that the applicant plans to submit in support of the application. The notice shall include:

1. A brief description of the proposed project and its location, including the approximate dimensions of the site, approximate number and configuration of systems, and approximate maximum height of systems;

2. A statement that the purpose of the public participation is to acquaint the public with the technical aspects of the proposed project and how the standards and the requirements of this chapter will be met, to identify issues of concern, to facilitate communication, and to establish a dialogue between the owner or operator and persons who may be affected by the project;

3. Announcement of a 30-day comment period in accordance with subsection C of this section and the name, telephone number, address, and email address of the applicant who can be contacted by the interested persons to answer questions or to whom comments shall be sent;

4. Announcement of the date, time, and place for a public meeting held in accordance with subsection D of this section; and

5. Location where copies of the documentation to be submitted to the department in support of the permit by rule application will be available for inspection.

B. The owner or operator shall place a copy of the documentation in a location accessible to the public during business hours for the duration of the 30-day comment period in the vicinity of the proposed project.

C. The public shall be provided at least 30 days to comment on the technical and the regulatory aspects of the proposal. The comment period shall begin no sooner than 15 days after the applicant initially publishes the notice in the local newspaper.

D. The applicant shall hold a public meeting not earlier than 15 days after the beginning of the 30-day public comment period and no later than seven days before the close of the 30-day comment period. The meeting shall be held in the locality or, if the project is located in more than one locality, in a place proximate to the location of the proposed project.

E. For purposes of this chapter, the applicant and any interested party who submits written comments on the proposal to the applicant during the public comment period or who signs in and provides oral comments at the public meeting shall be deemed to have participated in the proceeding for a permit by rule under this chapter and pursuant to § 10.1-1197.7 B of the Code of Virginia.

9VAC15-70-100. Change of ownership, project modifications, termination.

A. Change of ownership. A permit by rule may be transferred to a new owner or operator if:

1. The department receives notification of the change of ownership within 30 days of the transfer; and

2. The notice includes written agreement by the new owner or operator to comply with all requirements of the existing permit by rule and the date on which permit responsibility is transferred to the new owner or operator.

B. Project modifications. Projects subject to Part II of this chapter may be modified as follows:

1. Project modifications that do not increase the project's disturbance zone by more than an additional 10 acres, cause the tallest point of the built structures to exceed 200 feet, or newly involve utilizing or demolishing a building over 50 years of age may occur without notice to the department. No fee will be levied for these modifications.

2. If, however, the project modification involves increasing the disturbance zone by more than 10 additional acres, increasing the height of the tallest point of the built structures so that it now exceeds 200 feet, or newly utilizing or demolishing a building over 50 years of age, the owner or operator shall furnish to the department new certificates prepared by a professional engineer, new documentation required under 9VAC15-70-30, and the appropriate fee in accordance with 9VAC15-70-110. The department shall review the received modification submittal pursuant to this subsection in accordance with the provisions of subsection B of 9VAC15-70-30.

C. Permit by rule termination. The department may terminate the permit by rule whenever the department finds that:

1. The applicant has knowingly or willfully misrepresented or failed to disclose a material fact in any report or certification required under this chapter; or

2. After the department has taken enforcement actions pursuant to 9VAC15-70-140, the owner or operator persistently operates the project in significant violation of the project's mitigation plan.

Prior to terminating a permit by rule pursuant to subdivision 1 or 2 of this subsection, the department shall hold an informal fact-finding proceeding pursuant to § 2.2-4019 of the Virginia Administrative Process Act in order to assess whether to continue with termination of the permit by rule or to issue any other appropriate order. If the department determines that it should continue with the termination of the permit by rule, the department shall hold a formal hearing pursuant to § 2.2-4020 of the Virginia Administrative Process Act. Notice of the formal hearing shall be delivered to the owner or operator. Any owner or operator whose permit by rule is terminated by the department shall cease operating his combustion energy project.

9VAC15-70-110. Fees for projects subject to Part II of this chapter.

A. Purpose. The purpose of this section is to establish schedules and procedures pertaining to the payment and collection of fees from any applicant seeking a new permit by rule or a modification to an existing permit by rule for a combustion energy project subject to Part II (9VAC15-70-30 et seq.) of this chapter.

B. Permit fee payment and deposit. Fees for permit by rule applications or modifications shall be paid by the applicant as follows:

1. Due date. All permit application fees or modification fees are due on submittal day of the application or modification package.

2. Method of payment. Fees shall be paid by check, draft, or postal money order made payable to "Treasurer of Virginia/DEQ" and shall be sent to the Department of Environmental Quality, Receipts Control, P.O. Box 1104, Richmond, VA 23218.

3. Incomplete payments. All incomplete payments shall be deemed nonpayments.

4. Late payment. No application or modification submittal will be deemed complete until the department receives proper payment.

C. Fee schedules. Each application for a permit by rule and each application for a modification of a permit by rule is a separate action and shall be assessed a separate fee, except as noted in 9VAC15-70-100 B 1. The amount of the permit application fee is based on the costs associated with the permitting program required by this chapter. The fee schedules are shown in the following table:

Type of Action	Fee
Permit by rule application	$8,000
Permit by rule modification	$4,000

D. Use of fees. Fees are assessed for the purpose of defraying the department's costs of administering and enforcing the provisions of this chapter including, but not limited to, permit by rule processing, permit by rule modification processing, and inspection and monitoring of combustion energy projects to ensure compliance with this chapter. Fees collected pursuant to this section shall be used for the administrative and enforcement purposes specified in this section and in § 10.1-1197.6 E of the Code of Virginia.

E. Fund. The fees received by the department in accordance with this chapter shall be deposited in the Small Renewable Energy Project Fee Fund.

F. Periodic review of fees. Beginning July 1, 2014, and periodically thereafter, the department shall review the schedule of fees established pursuant to this section to ensure that the total fees collected are sufficient to cover 100% of the department's direct costs associated with use of the fees.

9VAC15-70-120. Internet accessible resources.

A. This chapter refers to resources to be used by applicants in gathering information to be submitted to the department. These resources are available through the Internet; therefore, in order to assist applicants, the uniform resource locator or Internet address is provided for each of the references listed in this section.

B. Internet available resources.

1. The Virginia Landmarks Register, Virginia Department of Historic Resources, 2801 Kensington Avenue, Richmond, Virginia. Available at the following Internet address: http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/register.htm.

2. Professional Qualifications Standards, the Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines for Archeology and Historic Preservation, as amended and annotated (48 FR 44716-740, September 29, 1983), National Parks Service, Washington, DC. Available at the following Internet address: http://www.nps.gov/history/local-law/arch_stnds_9.htm.

3. The Natural Communities of Virginia, Classification of Ecological Community Groups, [ Second Approximation, Version 2.3, ] Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond, VA. Available at the following Internet address: http://www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural_heritage/ncintro.shtml.

4. Virginia's Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy, 2005 (referred to as the Virginia Wildlife Action Plan), Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, 4010 West Broad Street, Richmond, Virginia. Available at the following Internet address: http://www.bewildvirginia.org/wildlifeplan/.

C. Internet applications.

1. Coastal GEMS application, 2010, Virginia Department of Environmental Quality. Available at the following Internet address: [ http://www.deq.virginia.gov/coastal/coastalgems.html http://www.deq.virginia.gov/Programs/CoastalZoneManagement/CoastalGEMSGeospatialData.aspx ].

NOTE: This website is maintained by the department. Assistance and information may be obtained by contacting Virginia Coastal Zone Management Program, Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, 629 E. Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219, (804) 698-4000.

2. Natural Landscape Assessment, [ 2010, ] Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation. Available at the following Internet address: for detailed information on ecological cores go to http://www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural_heritage/vclnavnla.shtm. Land maps may be viewed at DCR's Land Conservation Data Explorer Geographic Information System website at http://www.vaconservedlands.org/gis.aspx.

NOTE: The website is maintained by DCR. Actual shapefiles and metadata are available for free by contacting a DCR staff person at vaconslands@dcr.virginia.gov or DCR, Division of Natural Heritage, 217 Governor Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219, (804) 786-7951.

3. Virginia Fish and Wildlife Information Service 2010, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries. Available at the following Internet address: http://www.vafwis.org/fwis/.

NOTE: This website is maintained by DGIF and is accessible to the public as "visitors", or to registered subscribers. Registration, however, is required for access to [ resource- resource-specific ] or species-specific locational data and records. Assistance and information may be obtained by contacting DGIF, Fish and Wildlife Information Service, 4010 West Broad Street, Richmond, Virginia 23230, (804) 367-6913.

Part III
Provisions for Projects with Rated Capacity Less Than or Equal to Five Megawatts or Meeting Other Specified Criteria

9VAC15-70-130. Combustion energy projects with rated capacity less than or equal to five megawatts or meeting other specified criteria.

A. The owner or operator of a combustion energy project is not required to submit any notification or certification to the department if the combustion energy project has a rated capacity equal to or less than 500 kilowatts.

B. The owner or operator of a combustion energy project shall notify the department [ by submitting and shall submit ] a certification by the governing body of the locality or localities wherein the project will be located that the project complies with all applicable land use ordinances, if the project meets either of the following criteria:

1. The combustion energy project has a rated capacity greater than 500 kilowatts and less than or equal to five megawatts; or

2. The combustion energy project has a rated capacity greater than five megawatts and meets all of the criteria specified in this subdivision.

a. The combustion energy project has a disturbance zone:

(1) Less than or equal to 10 acres; or

(2) Greater than 10 acres but utilizes existing parking lots, existing roads, or other previously disturbed areas and any impacts to undisturbed areas do not exceed an additional 10 acres;

b. The tallest point of the built structures does not exceed 200 feet; and

c. If utilizing or demolishing existing buildings, utilizes or demolishes existing buildings:

(1) Less than 50 years of age; or

(2) 50 years of age or older that have been evaluated and determined by DHR within the preceding seven years to be not VLR-eligible.

Part IV
Enforcement

9VAC15-70-140. Enforcement.

The department may enforce the provisions of this chapter and any permits by rule authorized under this chapter in accordance with §§ 10.1-1197.9, 10.1-1197.10, and 10.1-1197.11 of the Code of Virginia. In so doing, the department may:

1. Issue directives in accordance with the law;

2. Issue special orders in accordance with the law;

3. Issue emergency special orders in accordance with the law;

4. Seek injunction, mandamus or other appropriate remedy as authorized by the law;

5. Seek civil penalties under the law; or

6. Seek remedies under the law, or under other laws including the common law.

[ DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE (9VAC15-70)

The Natural Communities of Virginia, Classification of Ecological Community Groups, Second Approximation (Version 2.3), 2010, Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond, VA.

Virginia's Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy, 2005, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, Richmond, Virginia.

	Chapter 1: Introduction.
	Chapter 2: Methods.
	Chapter 3: Statewide Overview.
	Chapter 4: Virginia's Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain.
	Chapter 5: Virginia's Southern Appalachian Piedmont.
	Chapter 6: Virginia's Blue Ridge Mountains.
	Chapter 7: Virginia's Northern Ridge and Valley.
	Chapter 8: Virginia's Northern Cumberland Mountains.
	Chapter 9: Virginia's Southern Cumberland Mountains.
	Chapter 10: Conclusions.
	Glossary.
	Appendix A: The Species of Greatest Conservation Need.
	Appendix B: Species of Greatest Conservation Need with No Known Ecoregional Associations.
	Appendix C: Terrestrial Species with No Landcover Associations.
	Appendix D: Potential Habitat Mapping for Terrestrial & Aquatic Tier I Species.
	Appendix E: List of Tier I Species and Reviewers.
	Appendix F: Complete list of Stress/Source Combinations Identified by the Taxonomic Advisory Committees.
	Appendix G: Habitat Grouping Used by TACs in Assessment of Threats, Conservation Actions, and Research/Monitoring Needs.
	Appendix H: Threats to Virginia's Species of Greatest Conservation Need.
	Appendix I: Conservation Actions Identified by the Taxonomic Advisory Committees.
	Appendix J: Research and Monitoring Needs Identified by the Taxonomic Advisory Committees.
	Appendix K: Landcover Classes.
	Appendix L: Summaries of Community Meetings Facilitated by VCU's Center for Public Policy.
	Appendix M: Recommendations for Education and Outreach Actions.
	Appendix N: DEQ Impaired Waters Map.
	Appendix O: Reference Maps.
	Appendix P: Public Comments. ]

Titles of Regulations: 9VAC25-20. Fees for Permits and Certificates (amending 9VAC25-20-20, 9VAC25-20-60, 9VAC25-20-90, 9VAC25-20-100, 9VAC25-20-110, 9VAC25-20-120, 9VAC25-20-142, 9VAC25-20-146, 9VAC25-20-147, 9VAC25-20-148, 9VAC25-20-149).

9VAC25-31. Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (VPDES) Permit Regulation (amending 9VAC25-31-10, 9VAC25-31-60, 9VAC25-31-100, 9VAC25-31-260, 9VAC25-31-280, 9VAC25-31-290, 9VAC25-31-390, 9VAC25-31-420, 9VAC25-31-440, 9VAC25-31-460, 9VAC25-31-475, 9VAC25-31-480, 9VAC25-31-485, 9VAC25-31-490, 9VAC25-31-500, 9VAC25-31-505, 9VAC25-31-510, 9VAC25-31-530, 9VAC25-31-540, 9VAC25-31-550, 9VAC25-31-560, 9VAC25-31-570, 9VAC25-31-580, 9VAC25-31-590, 9VAC25-31-690, 9VAC25-31-710, 9VAC25-31-720; adding 9VAC25-31-543, 9VAC25-31-545, 9VAC25-31-547).

9VAC25-32. Virginia Pollution Abatement (VPA) Permit Regulation (amending 9VAC25-32-10, 9VAC25-32-30, 9VAC25-32-40, 9VAC25-32-60, 9VAC25-32-80, 9VAC25-32-100, 9VAC25-32-140, 9VAC25-32-240, 9VAC25-32-260, 9VAC25-32-300, 9VAC25-32-320, 9VAC25-32-330, 9VAC25-32-360, 9VAC25-32-400, 9VAC25-32-410, 9VAC25-32-420, 9VAC25-32-450, 9VAC25-32-460, 9VAC25-32-480, 9VAC25-32-490, 9VAC25-32-530, 9VAC25-32-540, 9VAC25-32-550, 9VAC25-32-560, 9VAC25-32-570, 9VAC25-32-580, 9VAC25-32-690, 9VAC25-32-700, 9VAC25-32-760; adding 9VAC25-32-303, 9VAC25-32-305, 9VAC25-32-307, 9VAC25-32-313, 9VAC25-32-315, 9VAC25-32-317, 9VAC25-32-356, 9VAC25-32-357, 9VAC25-32-358, 9VAC25-32-359, 9VAC25-32-515, 9VAC25-32-545, 9VAC25-32-665, 9VAC25-32-675, 9VAC25-32-685, 9VAC25-32-770, 9VAC25-32-780, 9VAC25-32-790, 9VAC25-32-800, 9VAC25-32-810, 9VAC25-32-820, 9VAC25-32-830, 9VAC25-32-840, 9VAC25-32-850; repealing 9VAC25-32-310, 9VAC25-32-340, 9VAC25-32-355, 9VAC25-32-370, 9VAC25-32-380, 9VAC25-32-390, 9VAC25-32-440, 9VAC25-32-500, 9VAC25-32-510, 9VAC25-32-520, 9VAC25-32-590, 9VAC25-32-600, 9VAC25-32-610, 9VAC25-32-620, 9VAC25-32-630, 9VAC25-32-640, 9VAC25-32-650, 9VAC25-32-660, 9VAC25-32-670, 9VAC25-32-680).

Statutory Authority: § 62.1-44.15 of the Code of Virginia (9VAC25-31 and 9VAC25-32).

§§ 62.1-14 and 62.1-44.15:6 of the Code of Virginia (9VAC25-20).

Effective Date: September 1, 2013.

Agency Contact: William K. Norris, Department of Environmental Quality, 629 East Main Street, P.O. Box 1105, Richmond, VA 23218, telephone (804) 698-4022, FAX (804) 698-4347, or email william.norris@deq.virginia.gov.

Summary:

The amendments address the regulation of biosolids (treated sewage sludge) in a comprehensive manner that covers land application permitted under the Virginia Pollutant Abatement Permit (VPA) Regulation as well as the Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (VPDES) Permit Regulation. The changes address various issues related to the land application of biosolids, including the following major topics: (i) storage requirements, (ii) permit fees, (iii) site access control, (iv) consistency between VPA and VPDES permit requirements, (v) public notice processes, (vi) permit modification procedures, (vii) processes to establish appropriate buffers to address health concerns, (viii) sampling requirements, (ix) nutrient management requirements, (x) animal health issues associated with grazing, (xi) financial assurance procedures, (xii) permitting procedures, (xiii) distribution and marketing of exceptional quality biosolids, (xiv) reclamation of mined and disturbed lands, and (xv) reimbursement of local monitors.

Changes since publication of the proposed regulation (i) add a requirement for a physician's note when an extended setback from an occupied dwelling or property line is requested and (ii) require that notification signs posted at land application sites not be removed for 30 days after land application concludes at permitted sites.

Summary of Public Comments and Agency's Response: A summary of comments made by the public and the agency's response may be obtained from the promulgating agency or viewed at the office of the Registrar of Regulations.

9VAC25-20-20. Purpose.

Section 62.1-44.15:6 of the Code of Virginia requires the promulgation of regulations establishing a fee assessment and collection system to recover a portion of the State Water Control Board's, Department of Game and Inland Fisheries', and the Department of Conservation and Recreation's direct and indirect costs associated with the processing of an application to issue, reissue, or modify any permit, permit authorization or certificate which the board has the authority to issue from the applicant for such permit, permit authorization or certificate. Section 62.1-44.19:3 of the Code of Virginia requires the promulgation of regulations establishing a fee to be charged to all permit holders and persons applying for permits and permit modifications associated with land application of sewage sludge biosolids. Section 62.1-44.19:3 of the Code of Virginia also requires the promulgation of regulations requiring the payment of a fee by persons land applying sewage sludge biosolids. These regulations establish the required fee assessment and collection system.

Part II
Payment, Deposits and Use of Fees

9VAC25-20-60. Due dates.

A. Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (VPDES) and Virginia Pollution Abatement (VPA) permits.

1. Application fees for all new permit applications are due on the day an application is submitted and shall be paid in accordance with 9VAC25-20-70 A. Applications will not be processed without payment of the required fee.

2. For reissuance of permits that expire on or before December 27, 2004, the application fee for new permit applications as set forth in this regulation is due on the day the application is submitted.

3. An application fee is due on the day an application is submitted for either a major modification or a permit reissuance that occurs (and becomes effective) before the stated permit expiration date. There is no application fee for a regularly scheduled renewal of an individual permit for an existing facility, unless the permit for the facility expires on or before December 27, 2004. There is no application fee for a major modification or amendment that is made at the board's initiative.

4. Permit maintenance fees shall be paid to the board by October 1 of each year. Additional permit maintenance fees for facilities that are authorized to land apply [ , distribute, or market ] biosolids [ ,; ] are in a toxics management program, and for facilities that [ ,; ] or have more than five process wastewater discharge outfalls at a single facility (not including "internal" outfalls) shall also be paid to the board by October 1 of each year. No permit will be reissued or [ automatically administratively ] continued without payment of the required fee.

a. Existing individual permit holders with an effective permit as of July 1, 2004, (including permits that have been administratively continued) shall pay the permit maintenance fee or fees to the board by October 1, 2004, unless one of the following conditions apply:

(1) The permit is terminated prior to October 1, 2004; or

(2) The permit holder applied or reapplied for a municipal minor VPDES permit with a design flow of 10,000 gallons per day or less between July 1, 2003, and July 1, 2004, and paid the applicable permit application fee.

b. Effective April 1, 2005, any permit holder whose permit is effective as of April 1 of a given year (including permits that have been administratively continued) shall pay the permit maintenance fee or fees to the board by October 1 of that same year.

B. Surface Water Withdrawal (SWW) and [ Ground Water Groundwater ] Withdrawal (GWW) permits.

1. All permit application fees are due on the day an application is submitted and shall be paid in accordance with 9VAC25-20-70 A. Applications will not be processed without payment of the required fee. No permit will be automatically administratively continued without payment of the required fee.

2. For reissuance of GWW permits that expire on or before March 27, 2005, the application fee for new permit applications as set forth in this regulation is due on the day the application is submitted.

3. Application fees for major modifications or amendments are due on the day an application is submitted. Applications will not be processed without payment of the required fee. There is no fee for a major modification or amendment that is made at the board's initiative.

C. Virginia Water Protection (VWP) permits.

1. VWP permit application fees shall be paid in accordance with 9VAC25-20-70 A. Review of applications may be initiated before the fee is received; however, draft permits or authorizations shall not be issued prior to payment of the required fee. No permit or permit authorization shall be automatically administratively continued without payment of the required fee.

2. VWP application fees for major modifications shall be paid in accordance with 9VAC25-20-70 A. Review of applications may be initiated before the fee is received; however, major modifications shall not be issued prior to payment of the required fee. There is no application fee for a major modification that is made at the board's initiative.

D. Sewage sludge Biosolids land application fees. Except as specified in this regulation, all fees are due on the day specified by the department. Payment of the fee shall be made by land appliers following notification by the department of the fee due. The department may bill the land applier for amounts due following the submission of the monthly land application report. Payments are due 30 days after receipt of a bill from the department. No permit or modification of an existing permit will be approved in the jurisdiction where payment of the established fee by the land applier has not been received by the due date; until such time that the fees are paid in full. Existing permits may be revoked or approved sources may be reclassified as unapproved unless the required fee is paid within 60 days of the notification by the department of the fee due by the due date. No permit will be reissued or administratively continued or modified without full payment of any past due fee.

9VAC25-20-90. Deposit and use of fees.

A. Sludge Management Fund. All sewage sludge biosolids land application fees collected from permit holders who land apply sewage sludge biosolids in the Commonwealth of Virginia, and fees collected from permit holders and persons applying for permits and permit modifications pursuant to § 62.1-44.19:3 of the Code of Virginia shall be deposited into the Sludge Management Fund established by, and used and accounted for as specified in § 62.1-44.19:3 of the Code of Virginia. Payments to the Department of Conservation and Recreation for their costs related to implementation of the sewage sludge biosolids land application program and to localities with duly adopted ordinances providing for the testing and monitoring of the land application of sewage sludge biosolids will be made from this fund. Fees collected shall be exempt from statewide indirect costs charged and collected by the Department of Accounts and shall not supplant or reduce the general fund appropriation to the department.

B. State Water Control Board Permit Program Fund. All fees collected in response to this chapter and not deposited into the Sludge Management Fund shall be deposited into the State Water Control Board Permit Program Fund established by, and used and accounted for as specified in § 62.1-44.15:7 of the Code of Virginia. Payment to the Departments of Conservation and Recreation and Game and Inland Fisheries for permit applications they are required under state law to review will be made from this fund. Fees collected shall be exempt from statewide indirect costs charged and collected by the Department of Accounts.

Part III
Determination of Fee Amount

9VAC25-20-100. General.

Each application for a new permit, permit authorization or certificate, each application for reissuance of a permit, permit authorization or certificate, each application for major modification of a permit, permit authorization or certificate, each revocation and reissuance of a permit, permit authorization or certificate, and each application of a dry ton of sewage sludge biosolids is a separate action and shall be assessed a separate fee, as applicable. The fees for each type of permit, permit authorization or certificate that the board has the authority to issue, reissue or modify will be as specified in this part.

9VAC25-20-110. Fee schedules for individual VPDES and VPA new permit issuance, and individual VWP, SWW and GWW new permit issuance and existing permit reissuance.

A. Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (VPDES) permits. The following fee schedules apply to applications for issuance of a new individual VPDES permit or certificate. (Note: All flows listed in the table below are facility "design" flows.)

	VPDES Industrial Major	$24,000
	VPDES Municipal Major	$21,300
	VPDES Municipal Major Stormwater/MS4	$21,300
	VPDES Industrial Minor/No Standard Limits	$10,200
	VPDES Industrial Minor/Standard Limits	$3,300
	VPDES Industrial Stormwater	$7,200
	VPDES Municipal Minor/Greater Than 100,000 GPD	$7,500
	VPDES Municipal Minor/10,001 GPD- 100,000 GPD	$6,000
	VPDES Municipal Minor/1,001 GPD-10,000 GPD	$5,400
	VPDES Municipal Minor/1,000 GPD or less	$2,000
	VPDES Municipal Minor/1,000 GPD or less that includes - The authorization for land application [ , distribution, or marketing ] of biosolids or land disposal of sewage sludge	$5,000*
	VPDES Municipal Minor Stormwater/MS4	$2,000
	*For a new VPDES permit that includes authorization for land application [ , distribution, or marketing ] of biosolids or land disposal of sewage sludge, the $5,000 of the fee will be deposited into the Sludge Management Fund biosolids permit fee will be paid in addition to the required VPDES permit fee.

B. Virginia Pollution Abatement (VPA) permits. The following fee schedules apply to applications for issuance of a new individual VPA permit or certificate. [ (Note: Land application rates listed in the table below are facility "design" rates.) ]

	VPA Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation	(Reserved)
	VPA Intensified Animal Feeding Operation	(Reserved)
	VPA Industrial Wastewater Operation/Land Application of 10 or More Inches Per Year	$15,000
	VPA Industrial Wastewater Operation/Land Application of Less Than 10 Inches Per Year	$10,500
	VPA Industrial Sludge Operation	$7,500
	[ VPA Combined Sludge Operation - Industrial Sludge (excluding water treatment plant residuals) and Municipal Biosolids	$7,500 ]
	VPA Municipal Wastewater Operation	$13,500
	VPA Municipal Sludge Biosolids Operation	$5,000
	All other operations not specified above	$750

C. Virginia Water Protection (VWP) permits. The following fee schedules apply to applications for issuance of a new individual and reissuance of an existing individual VWP permit or certificate. Only one permit application fee shall be assessed per application; for a permit application involving more than one of the operations described below, the governing fee shall be based upon the primary purpose of the proposed activity. (Note: Withdrawal amounts shown in the table below are maximum daily withdrawals.)

	VWP Individual/Surface Water Impacts (Wetlands, Streams and/or Open Water)	$2,400 plus $220 for each 4,356 sq. ft. (1/10 acre) (or portion thereof) of incremental impact over 87,120 sq. ft. (two acres) ($60,000 maximum)
	VWP Individual/Minimum Instream Flow - Withdrawals equal to or greater than 3,000,000 gallons on any day	$25,000
	VWP Individual/Minimum Instream Flow - Withdrawals between 2,000,000 and 2,999,999 gallons on any day	$20,000
	VWP Individual/Minimum Instream Flow - Withdrawals between 1,000,000 and 1,999,999 gallons on any day	$15,000
	VWP Individual/Minimum Instream Flow - Withdrawals less than 1,000,000 gallons on any day that do not otherwise qualify for a general VWP permit for water withdrawals	$10,000
	VWP Individual/Reservoir - Major	$35,000
	VWP Individual/Reservoir - Minor	$25,000
	VWP Individual/Nonmetallic Mineral Mining	$2,400 plus $220 for each 4,356 sq. ft. (1/10 acre) (or portion thereof) of incremental impact over 87,120 sq. ft. (two acres) ($7,500 maximum)

D. Surface Water Withdrawal (SWW) permits or certificates issued in response to Chapter 24 (§ 62.1-242 et seq.) of Title 62.1 of the Code of Virginia. The following fee schedules apply to applications for issuance of a new individual, and reissuance of an existing individual SWW permit or certificate.

	Agricultural withdrawal not exceeding 150 million gallons in any single month	(Reserved)
	Agricultural withdrawal greater than 150 million gallons but less than 300 million gallons in any single month	(Reserved)
	Agricultural withdrawal of 300 million gallons or greater in any single month	(Reserved)
	Surface Water Withdrawal	$12,000

E. [ Ground Water Groundwater ] Withdrawal (GWW) Permits issued in response to Chapter 25 (§ 62.1-254 et seq.) of Title 62.1 of the Code of Virginia. The following fee schedules apply to applications for issuance of a new individual, and reissuance of an existing individual GWW permit or certificate.

	Agricultural withdrawal not exceeding 150 million gallons in any single month	(Reserved)
	Agricultural withdrawal greater than 150 million gallons but less than 300 million gallons in any single month	(Reserved)
	Agricultural withdrawal of 300 million gallons or greater in any single month	(Reserved)
	[ Ground Water Groundwater ] Withdrawal/Initial Permit for an Existing Withdrawal Based Solely on Historic Withdrawals	$1,200
	[ Ground Water Groundwater ] Withdrawal	$6,000

9VAC25-20-120. Fee schedules for major modification of individual permits or certificates requested by the permit or certificate holder.

A. The following fee schedules apply to applications for major modification of an individual permit or certificate requested by the permit or certificate holder:

1. Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (VPDES) permits. The application fees listed in the table below apply to a major modification that occurs (and becomes effective) before the stated permit expiration date. [ (Note: All flows listed in the table below are facility "design" flows.) ]

	VPDES Industrial Major	$12,000
	VPDES Municipal Major	$10,650
	VPDES Municipal Major Stormwater/MS4	$5,150
	VPDES Industrial Minor/No Standard Limits	$5,100
	VPDES Industrial Minor/Standard Limits	$3,300
	VPDES Industrial Stormwater	$3,600
	VPDES Municipal Minor/Greater Than 100,000 GPD	$3,750
	VPDES Municipal Minor/10,001 GPD - 100,000 GPD	$3,000
	VPDES Municipal Minor/1,001 GPD - 10,000 GPD	$2,700
	VPDES Municipal - modification relating to the authorization for land application [ , distribution, or marketing ] of biosolids or land disposal of sewage sludge	$1,000*
	VPDES Municipal Minor/1,000 GPD or Less	$1,000
	VPDES Municipal Minor Stormwater/MS4	$1,000
	*The fee for modification of a VPDES permit due to changes relating to authorization for land application [ , distribution, or marketing ] of biosolids or land disposal of sewage sludge shall be $1,000, notwithstanding other modification fees incurred. The modification fee shall apply for [ the any ] addition of land application sites to a permit [ when a public meeting is required as specified in 9VAC25-31-290 I 2 ].

2. Virginia Pollution Abatement (VPA) permits. The application fees listed in the table below apply to a major modification that occurs (and becomes effective) before the stated permit expiration date. (Note: Land application rates listed in the table below are facility "design" rates.)

	VPA Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation	(Reserved)
	VPA Intensified Animal Feeding Operation	(Reserved)
	VPA Industrial Wastewater Operation/Land Application of 10 or More Inches Per Year	$7,500
	VPA Industrial Wastewater Operation/Land Application of Less Than 10 Inches Per Year	$5,250
	VPA Industrial Sludge Operation	$3,750 [ 1
	VPA Combined Sludge Operation - Industrial Sludges (excluding water treatment plant residuals) and Municipal Biosolids	$3,7501 ]
	VPA Municipal Wastewater Operation	$6,750
	VPA Municipal Sludge Biosolids Operation	$1,000 [ *1, 2 ]
	All other operations not specified above	$375
	[ *1 ] The modification fee shall apply for [ the any ] addition of land application sites to a permit [ when a public meeting is required as specified in 9VAC25-32-140 C 2 ]. [ 2When adding any industrial source (excluding water treatment plant residuals) to a permit that only authorizes the land application of municipal biosolids, the modification fee for a VPA combined sludge operation shall apply. ]

3. Virginia Water Protection (VWP) permits. (Note: Only one permit application fee shall be assessed per application; for a permit application involving more than one of the operations described below, the governing fee shall be based upon the primary purpose of the proposed activity.)

	VWP Individual/Surface Water Impacts (Wetlands, Streams and/or Open Water)	$1,200 plus $110 for each 4,356 sq. ft. (1/10 acre) (or portion thereof) of incremental impact over 87,120 sq. ft. (two acres) ($30,000 maximum)
	VWP Individual/Minimum Instream Flow	$5,000
	VWP Individual/Reservoir (Major or Minor)	$12,500
	VWP Individual/Nonmetallic Mineral Mining	$1,200 plus $110 for each 4,356 sq. ft. (1/10 acre) (or portion thereof) of incremental impact over 87,120 sq. ft. (two acres) ($3,750 maximum)

4. Surface Water Withdrawal (SWW) permits or certificates issued in response to Chapter 24 (§ 62.1-242 et seq.) of Title 62.1 of the Code of Virginia.

	Agricultural withdrawal not exceeding 150 million gallons in any single month	(Reserved)
	Agricultural withdrawal greater than 150 million gallons but less than 300 million gallons in any single month	(Reserved)
	Agricultural withdrawal of 300 million gallons or greater in any single month	(Reserved)
	Surface Water Withdrawal	$6,000

5. [ Ground Water Groundwater ] Withdrawal (GWW) Permits issued in response to Chapter 25 (§ 62.1-254 et seq.) of Title 62.1 of the Code of Virginia.

	Agricultural withdrawal not exceeding 150 million gallons in any single month	(Reserved)
	Agricultural withdrawal greater than 150 million gallons but less than 300 million gallons in any single month	(Reserved)
	Agricultural withdrawal of 300 million gallons or greater in any single month	(Reserved)
	[ Ground Water Groundwater ] Withdrawal/Initial Permit for an Existing Withdrawal Based Solely on Historic Withdrawals	$600
	[ Ground Water Groundwater ] Withdrawal	$3,000

[ B. All rates listed in the tables provided in this section are facility "design" rates unless noted otherwise. ]

9VAC25-20-142. Permit maintenance fees.

A. The following annual permit maintenance fees apply to each individual VPDES and VPA permit, including expired permits that have been administratively continued, except those exempted by 9VAC25-20-50 B or 9VAC25-20-60 A 4:

1. Base fee rate for Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (VPDES) permitted facilities. (Note: All flows listed in the table below are facility "design" flows.)

	VPDES Industrial Major	$7,876
	VPDES Municipal Major/Greater Than 10 MGD	$7,794
	VPDES Municipal Major/2 MGD - 10 MGD	$7,138
	VPDES Municipal Major/Less Than 2 MGD	$6,317
	VPDES Municipal Major Stormwater/MS4	$6,235
	VPDES Industrial Minor/No Standard Limits	$3,347
	VPDES Industrial Minor/Standard Limits	$1,969
	VPDES Industrial Minor/Water Treatment System	$1,969
	VPDES Industrial Stormwater	$2,363
	VPDES Municipal Minor/Greater Than 100,000 GPD	$2,461
	VPDES Municipal Minor/10,001 GPD - 100,000 GPD	$1,969
	VPDES Municipal Minor/1,001 GPD - 10,000 GPD	$1,772
	VPDES Municipal Minor/1,000 GPD or Less	$656
	VPDES Municipal Major – land application of biosolids or land disposal of sewage sludge	$1,000*
	VPDES Municipal Minor Stormwater/MS4	$656
	*The maintenance fee for the authorization of land application of biosolids or land disposal of sewage sludge shall be $1,000, in addition to the VPDES municipal maintenance fee, if land application of biosolids or land disposal of sewage sludge has occurred in the 12 months preceding the maintenance fee due date.

2. Base fee rate for Virginia Pollution Abatement (VPA) permits. [ (Note: Land application rates listed in the table below are facility "design" rates.) ]

	VPA Industrial Wastewater Operation/Land Application of 10 or More Inches Per Year	$2,461
	VPA Industrial Wastewater Operation/Land Application of Less Than 10 Inches Per Year	$1,723
	VPA Industrial Sludge Operation	$1,231
	[ VPA Combined Sludge Operation - Industrial Sludges (excluding water treatment plant residuals) and Municipal Biosolids	$1,231 ]
	VPA Municipal Wastewater Operation	$2,215
	VPA Municipal Sludge Biosolids Operation	$1,231 [ $500 $100 ]
	VPA Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation	(Reserved)
	VPA Intensified Animal Feeding Operation	(Reserved)
	All other operations not specified above	$123

3. The amount of the annual permit maintenance fee due from the owner for VPDES and VPA permits for a specified year as required by 9VAC25-20-40 C shall be calculated according to the following formulae:

	F =	B x C
	C =	1 + ∆CPI
	∆CPI =	CPI - 215.15
		215.15

[ where Where ]:

F = the permit maintenance fee amount due for the specified calendar year, expressed in dollars.

B = the base fee rate for the type of VPDES or VPA permit from subdivisions subdivision 1 or 2 of this subsection, expressed in dollars.

C = the Consumer Price Index adjustment factor.

∆CPI = the difference between CPI and 215.15 (the average of the Consumer Price Index values for all-urban consumers for the 12-month period ending on April 30, 2009), expressed as a proportion of 215.15.

CPI = the average of the Consumer Price Index values for all-urban consumers for the 12-month period ending on April 30 of the calendar year before the specified year for which the permit maintenance fee is due. (The Consumer Price Index for all-urban consumers is published by the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. All items, CUUR0000SA0).

For example, if calculating the 2010 permit maintenance fee (F) for a VPDES Industrial Major source:

CPI = 215.15 (the average of CPI values from May 1, 2008, to April 30, 2009, inclusive would be used for the 2010 permit maintenance fee calculation).

∆CPI = zero for the 2010 permit maintenance fee calculation (i.e., (CPI - 215.15)/215.15 = (215.15 - 215.15)/215.15 = 0). (Note: ∆CPI for other years would not be zero.)

C = 1.0 for the 2010 permit maintenance fee calculation (i.e., 1 + ∆CPI = 1 + 0 = 1.0).

B = $7,876 (i.e. the value for a VPDES Industrial Major source, taken from subdivision 1 of this subsection).

F = $7,876 for the 2010 permit maintenance fee calculation for this VPDES Industrial Major source (i.e., $7,876 x 1.0 = $7,876).

4. Permit maintenance fees (F) calculated for each facility shall be rounded to the nearest dollar.

5. The total amount of permit fees collected by the board (permit maintenance fees plus permit application fees) shall not exceed 50% of direct costs for administration, compliance, and enforcement of VPDES and VPA permits. The director shall take whatever action is necessary to ensure that this limit is not exceeded.

B. Additional permit maintenance fees.

1. An additional permit maintenance fee of $1,000 shall be paid annually by permittees in a toxics management program. Any facility that performs acute or chronic biological testing for compliance with a limit or special condition requiring monitoring in a VPDES permit is included in the toxics management program.

2. An additional permit maintenance fee of $1,000 shall be paid annually by permittees that have more than five process wastewater discharge outfalls at a single facility (not including "internal" outfalls).

3. For a local government or public service authority with permits for multiple facilities in a single jurisdiction, the total permit maintenance fees for all permits held as of April 1, 2004, shall not exceed $32,818 per year.

C. If the category of a facility (as described in 9VAC25-20-142 A 1 or 2) (as described in subdivision A 1 or A 2 of this section) changes as the result of a permit modification, the permit maintenance fee based upon the permit category as of April 1 shall be submitted by October 1.

D. Annual permit maintenance fees may be discounted for participants in the Environmental Excellence Program as described in 9VAC25-20-145.

Part IV
Sewage Sludge Biosolids Fees and Reimbursable Costs

9VAC25-20-146. Established fees.

A. Land appliers shall remit the established fees to the department as specified in this regulation. The land appliers shall collect the required fees from the owners of the sewage treatment works and facilities that generate the biosolids. Such works and facilities shall be approved sources of biosolids in accordance with this regulation. Land application shall only include biosolids from approved sources as listed in the land application permit. The established fee shall be imposed on each dry ton of biosolids that is land applied in the Commonwealth of Virginia in accordance with 9VAC25-31 or 9VAC25-32.

B. The amount of the established fee and disbursement are as follows:

1. The fee shall be $7.50 per dry ton of biosolids land applied in the Commonwealth of Virginia.

2. Disbursement of the established fees collected by the department shall be made to reimburse or partially reimburse those counties, cities and towns with duly adopted local ordinances that submit documentation of reimbursable expenses acceptable to the department as provided for in this regulation.

3. Disbursement of the established fees collected by the department shall be made to reimburse the Department of Conservation and Recreation's costs for implementation of the sewage sludge biosolids application program.

9VAC25-20-147. Records and reports.

A. Records. Permittees shall maintain complete records of the land application activities and amounts of biosolids that they land apply in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Such records shall be maintained by the permittee for five years after the date of the activity in a form that is available for inspection by the department for five years after the date of the activity. Records of land application activities shall include the following at minimum information:

1. Name of permittee, DEQ permit number, and dates of activity.

2. Identification of land application site, including the county where taxes are remitted and permitted site identification name, letters and numbers, as appropriate DEQ control number.

3. The source of biosolids and approximate field area receiving those biosolids.

4. The amount of biosolids applied in dry tons and the method and calculations used to determine the reported value.

5. Dates and type of any interactions with local monitors and names of individuals involved in the interactions.

6. 5. Name of responsible representative of permittee and a statement signed and dated by that representative indicating that the information submitted has been verified by that representative as correctly reported in accordance with this regulation.

B. Reports and notification. The permittee shall submit a monthly report by the 15th day of [ the each ] month [ following the month that land application occurs for land application activity that occurred in the previous calendar month ], unless another date is specified in the permit in accordance with 9VAC25-32-80 I 4, following the month that land application occurs. That The report shall include (i) the recorded information listed in subsection A of this section and present (ii) a calculation of the total fee that is required in accordance with this regulation. The submitted report shall include a summary list of the total amount of biosolids applied and the calculated fee based on the land-applied biosolids for each county in which land application occurred in alphabetical order by county. [ If no land application occurs under a permit during the calendar month, a report shall be submitted stating that no land application occurred. ]

9VAC25-20-148. Reimbursable local monitoring costs.

The following describes the kinds of activities for which expenses may, if reasonable, A. Reasonable expenses for the following types of activities may be submitted for reimbursement:

1. Charges for reviewing the permit to identify potential health and environmental protection issues upon notification by the permittee that operations will be initiated on permitted sites.

2. Charges and expenses, including local travel for site monitoring, inspections, collection and delivery of biosolids or soil samples to a nearby laboratory and examination of records.

3. Charges for recordkeeping.

4. Charges for complaint and incident response.

5. Charges for biosolids and soil sample testing costs.

6. Charges for the training of local monitors.

B. Charges for site monitoring not associated with determining compliance with state or federal law or regulation are ineligible for reimbursement.

9VAC25-20-149. Reimbursement of local monitoring costs.

A. Reimbursement of local monitoring costs deemed reasonable by the department will be made in order of receipt of an acceptable invoice. Such invoices will be reimbursed for reasonable costs up to $2.50, as adjusted, per dry ton of biosolids land applied in a county during the period of time specified in the submitted invoice. If sufficient revenue exists from the fees collected monthly, then invoiced claims exceeding $2.50, as adjusted, per dry ton of biosolids land applied in that county, during the period of time specified in the submitted invoice, may be released for reimbursement Costs of up to $4.00 per dry ton of biosolids land applied in that a county during the month period of time that the reimbursable costs were incurred, based on the order of receipt of the invoice may be reimbursed with prior approval from the department.

A. B. Application. Local A local government must submit a reimbursement application to request reimbursement from the department. All information is to shall be clearly typed or printed and all required or supporting documents must be attached. The county administrator or designated local biosolids monitor shall sign and date the application where indicated. The original signed application with one copy of each of the supporting documents is to shall be [ forwarded submitted ] to the department. Applications may not be submitted by facsimile or through electronic means. A reimbursement invoice form as described in this regulation must be completed before a reimbursement application can be submitted. The invoice form must include all expenses for which reimbursement is requested during the designated time period.

B. C. Application forms and submittal. The application for reimbursement must be submitted within 30 days of the last day of the month in which the reimbursable activity occurred. All applications received after this time frame will be ineligible for reimbursement. The following is a description of the application forms and an explanation of their use. The application forms and detailed instructions can be obtained from the department.

1. Form 1 - Reimbursement Application. An invoice form shall be submitted with each application for reimbursement. The invoice form should shall list all reimbursable charges. To be reimbursed for eligible expenses, an applicant must provide documentation to demonstrate that the expenses were incurred. Invoices are acceptable proof of incurred expenses. Include legible copies of invoices Invoices signed by the local biosolids monitor or agent who performed or managed the monitoring activities shall be legible. All invoices are to include the following:

a. DEQ permit number and site identification;

b. Number or site address DEQ control number for application fields;

c. Biosolids contractor's name;

d. Date and type of activity monitored;

e. Name of biosolids monitor;

f. Number of hours to be reimbursed and charge per hour;

g. List of expenses for which reimbursement is sought; [ and ]

h. Type of sampling activity performed and associated laboratory expense vouchers.

2. The application requires the county administrator to certify that the responsible official has read and understands the requirements for reimbursement and that the application submitted is not fraudulent. The local monitor must attest to the accuracy and completeness of the information provided.

2. 3. Form 2 - Multiple Owners Payment Assignment Form. When there are multiple local governments as claimants, a separate, signed and notarized invoice form for each claimant must be filled out and submitted with the application.

Submittal of the original completed reimbursement application, including the application worksheets and the appropriate supporting documentation, should be accomplished by mailing these documents to: Department of Environmental Quality, Receipts Control, P.O. Box 1105, Richmond, VA 23218.

C. D. Processing applications.

1. If contacted by the department regarding an incomplete reimbursement application, an applicant will have 14 days from the date of the call or letter to submit the information requested and cure correct any deficiencies. Extensions of the 14-day deadline will not be granted. An application that does not contain all of the required information after the 14-day time frame may be rejected or processed "as is," which can result in complete denial or a partial reimbursement.

2. Only invoices pertaining to the monitoring activity claimed in the current application will be accepted. Costs omitted from previous claims are ineligible for reimbursement in subsequent claims. Likewise, invoices Invoices submitted in previous claims will are not be eligible documentation for reimbursement of costs in subsequent claims. To reduce the risk of disqualification of costs, costs for different monitoring activities should be invoiced separately. If possible, invoices should be structured so that costs are grouped according to task or activity.

D. E. Reconsideration process.

1. Claimants may submit a written response indicating why they believe costs denied on the reimbursement decision should be paid.

2. If the claimant disagrees with the decision in the reimbursement payment package, a notice of intent (NOI) to object and a reconsideration claim form must be submitted to the department within the filing deadlines specified in the reconsideration procedure package

a. If filing deadlines are not met, the decision in the reimbursement payment package is final. This written objection is to shall be in the format specified in the reconsideration procedure package and explain the reasons for disagreement with the decisions in the reimbursement payment letter and supply any additional supporting documentation.

b. Upon receipt of this information and at the claimant's request, the department may schedule a reconsideration meeting to reevaluate the denied costs.

3. Claimants will be given an opportunity to contest the reimbursement decisions in accordance with the Administrative Process Act (§ 2.2-4000 et seq. of the Code of Virginia). Within the filing deadline, the claimant must submit a written summary of the issues that will be contested using the reconsideration claim form.

4. The reconsideration procedures provide the department the opportunity to correct certain errors. The following types of errors can be corrected as follows:

a. Failure of the reviewer to verify an invoice form that was received prior to completing the verification package for the reimbursement.

b. Errors the reviewer makes in verifying an invoice form.

c. Failure of the claimant to submit all invoices.

5. Errors ineligible for reconsideration. Notwithstanding the above, some types of errors cannot be corrected using the reconsideration process. It is the responsibility of the claimant or consultant, or both, to ensure that all application forms (invoice forms, and sampling and testing verification) are completely and accurately filled out complete and accurate. Failure to exercise proper care in preparing an application The following types of errors may result in a denial of costs, which cannot be corrected through the reconsideration process, including:

a. Items omitted from the invoice form will not be eligible for reimbursement.;

b. Unverified sampling and testing results will not be eligible for reimbursement.;

c. No additions Additions or revisions to the invoice forms will be accepted from the claimant submitted after the reviewer forwards the verification package to the department.;

d. Using one invoice in multiple claims. Invoices submitted in an application cannot be used as documentation for reimbursement of costs in subsequent claims.;

e. The following are types of errors that cannot be corrected:

(1) e. Failure to claim performed work on the invoice. form;

(2) f. Failure to claim sampling and testing costs as authorized.; or

(3) Failure to claim all costs in a submitted invoice.

(4) Failure to submit to the reviewer all supporting documentation to demonstrate the necessity of work performed that exceeds expected activities. Such documentation must be submitted before the reviewer forwards the verification package to the department.

g. Failure to obtain prior approval from the department for costs that exceed $2.50 per dry ton of biosolids land applied.

FORMS (9VAC25-20)

[ DEQ Water Division Permit Application Fee Form Effective January 1, 2008 (rev. 1/10).

Form 1 Biosolids Land Application Local Monitoring Expenses - Reimbursement Invoice (rev. 5/10).

Form 2 Biosolids Land Application Fee - Reimbursement Multiple Owners Payment Assignment (2007).

Form 3 Biosolids Land Application Fee - Reimbursement Notice of Intent to Seek Reconsideration (rev. 8/07).

Form 4 Biosolids Land Application Fee - Reimbursement Reconsideration Claim Form (rev. 8/07).

Department of Environmental Quality Water Division Permit Application Fee Form Effective January 1, 2008 (rev. 5/13).

Biosolids Land Application Local Monitoring Expenses Reimbursement Invoice, Form 1 (rev. 6/13).

Biosolids Land Application Local Monitoring Expenses Multiple Owners Payment Assignment, Form 2 (rev. 6/13).

Biosolids Land Application Fee Reimbursement Notice of Intent to Seek Reconsideration, Form 3 (rev. 8/07).

Biosolids Land Application Fee Reimbursement Reconsideration Claim Form, Form 4 (rev. 8/07). ]

Part I
Definitions and General Program Requirements

9VAC25-31-10. Definitions.

"Act" means Federal Water Pollution Control Act, also known as the Clean Water Act [ (CWA) ], as amended, 33 USC § 1251 et seq.

"Administrator" means the Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, or an authorized representative.

"Animal feeding operation" or "AFO" means a lot or facility (other than an aquatic animal production facility) where the following conditions are met: (i) animals (other than aquatic animals) have been, are, or will be stabled or confined and fed or maintained for a total of 45 days or more in any 12-month period, and (ii) crops, vegetation forage growth, or post-harvest residues are not sustained in the normal growing season over any portion of the lot or facility.

"Applicable standards and limitations" means all state, interstate, and federal standards and limitations to which a discharge, a sewage sludge use or disposal practice, or a related activity is subject under the [ Clean Water Act (CWA) CWA ] (33 USC § 1251 et seq.) and the law, including effluent limitations, water quality standards, standards of performance, toxic effluent standards or prohibitions, best management practices, pretreatment standards, and standards for [ biosolids use or ] sewage sludge [ use or ] disposal under §§ 301, 302, 303, 304, 306, 307, 308, 403 and 405 of CWA.

"Approval authority" means the Director of the Department of Environmental Quality.

"Approved POTW Pretreatment Program" or "Program" or "POTW Pretreatment Program" means a program administered by a POTW that meets the criteria established in Part VII (9VAC25-31-730 et seq.) of this chapter and which has been approved by the director or by the administrator in accordance with 9VAC25-31-830.

"Approved program" or "approved state" means a state or interstate program which has been approved or authorized by EPA under 40 CFR Part 123.

"Aquaculture project" means a defined managed water area which uses discharges of pollutants into that designated area for the maintenance or production of harvestable freshwater, estuarine, or marine plants or animals.

"Average monthly discharge limitation" means the highest allowable average of daily discharges over a calendar month, calculated as the sum of all daily discharges measured during a calendar month divided by the number of daily discharges measured during that month.

"Average weekly discharge limitation" means the highest allowable average of daily discharges over a calendar week, calculated as the sum of all daily discharges measured during a calendar week divided by the number of daily discharges measured during that week.

"Best management practices (BMPs)" means schedules of activities, prohibitions of practices, maintenance procedures, and other management practices to implement the prohibitions listed in 9VAC25-31-770 and to prevent or reduce the pollution of surface waters. BMPs also include treatment requirements, operating procedures, and practices to control plant site run-off, spillage or leaks, sludge or waste disposal, or drainage from raw material storage.

[ "Biosolids" means a sewage sludge that has received an established treatment and is managed in a manner to meet the required pathogen control and vector attraction reduction, and contains concentrations of regulated pollutants below the ceiling limits established in 40 CFR Part 503 and 9VAC25-31-540, such that it meets the standards established for use of biosolids for land application, marketing, or distribution in accordance with this chapter. Liquid biosolids contains less than 15% dry residue by weight. Dewatered biosolids contains 15% or more dry residue by weight. ]

"Board" means the Virginia State Water Control Board or State Water Control Board.

"Bypass" means the intentional diversion of waste streams from any portion of a treatment facility.

"Class I sludge management facility" means any POTW identified under Part VII (9VAC25-31-730 et seq.) of this chapter as being required to have an approved pretreatment program and any other treatment works treating domestic sewage classified as a Class I sludge management facility by the regional administrator, in conjunction with the director, because of the potential for its sludge use or disposal practices to adversely affect public health and the environment.

"Concentrated animal feeding operation" or "CAFO" means an AFO that is defined as a Large CAFO or as a Medium CAFO, or that is designated as a Medium CAFO or a Small CAFO. Any AFO may be designated as a CAFO by the director in accordance with the provisions of 9VAC25-31-130 B.

1. "Large CAFO." An AFO is defined as a Large CAFO if it stables or confines as many or more than the numbers of animals specified in any of the following categories:

a. 700 mature dairy cows, whether milked or dry;

b. 1,000 veal calves;

c. 1,000 cattle other than mature dairy cows or veal calves. Cattle includes but is not limited to heifers, steers, bulls and cow/calf pairs;

d. 2,500 swine each weighing 55 pounds or more;

e. 10,000 swine each weighing less than 55 pounds;

f. 500 horses;

g. 10,000 sheep or lambs;

h. 55,000 turkeys;

i. 30,000 laying hens or broilers, if the AFO uses a liquid manure handling system;

j. 125,000 chickens (other than laying hens), if the AFO uses other than a liquid manure handling system;

k. 82,000 laying hens, if the AFO uses other than a liquid manure handling system;

l. 30,000 ducks, if the AFO uses other than a liquid manure handling system; or

m. 5,000 ducks if the AFO uses a liquid manure handling system.

2. "Medium CAFO." The term Medium CAFO includes any AFO with the type and number of animals that fall within any of the ranges below that has been defined or designated as a CAFO. An AFO is defined as a Medium CAFO if:

a. The type and number of animals that it stables or confines falls within any of the following ranges:

(1) 200 to 699 mature dairy cattle, whether milked or dry;

(2) 300 to 999 veal calves;

(3) 300 to 999 cattle other than mature dairy cows or veal calves. Cattle includes but is not limited to heifers, steers, bulls and cow/calf pairs;

(4) 750 to 2,499 swine each weighing 55 pounds or more;

(5) 3,000 to 9,999 swine each weighing less than 55 pounds;

(6) 150 to 499 horses;

(7) 3,000 to 9,999 sheep or lambs;

(8) 16,500 to 29,999 laying hens or broilers, if the AFO uses a liquid manure handling system;

(9) 37,500 to 124,999 chickens (other than laying hens), if the AFO uses other than a liquid manure handling system;

(10) 25,000 to 81,999 laying hens, if the AFO uses other than a liquid manure handling system;

(11) 10,000 to 29,999 ducks, if the AFO uses other than a liquid manure handling system;

(12) 1,500 to 4,999 ducks, if the AFO uses a liquid manure handling system; and

b. Either one of the following conditions are met:

(1) Pollutants are discharged into surface waters of the state through a manmade ditch, flushing system, or other similar manmade device; or

(2) Pollutants are discharged directly into surface waters of the state that originate outside of and pass over, across, or through the facility or otherwise come into direct contact with the animals confined in the operation.

3. "Small CAFO." An AFO that is designated as a CAFO and is not a Medium CAFO.

"Concentrated aquatic animal production facility" means a hatchery, fish farm, or other facility which meets the criteria of this definition, or which the board designates under 9VAC25-31-140. A hatchery, fish farm, or other facility is a concentrated aquatic animal production facility if it contains, grows, or holds aquatic animals in either of the following categories:

1. Cold water fish species or other cold water aquatic animals in ponds, raceways, or other similar structures which discharge at least 30 days per year but does not include:

a. Facilities which produce less than 9,090 harvest weight kilograms (approximately 20,000 pounds) of aquatic animals per year; and

b. Facilities which feed less than 2,272 kilograms (approximately 5,000 pounds) of food during the calendar month of maximum feeding; or

2. Warm water fish species or other warm water aquatic animals in ponds, raceways, or other similar structures which discharge at least 30 days per year, but does not include:

a. Closed ponds which discharge only during periods of excess run-off; or

b. Facilities which produce less than 45,454 harvest weight kilograms (approximately 100,000 pounds) of aquatic animals per year.

Cold water aquatic animals include, but are not limited to, the Salmonidae family of fish (e.g., trout and salmon).

Warm water aquatic animals include, but are not limited to, the Ictaluridae, Centrarchidae and Cyprinidae families of fish (e.g., respectively, catfish, sunfish and minnows).

"Contiguous zone" means the entire zone established by the United States under Article 24 of the Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone (37 FR 11906).

"Continuous discharge" means a discharge which occurs without interruption throughout the operating hours of the facility, except for infrequent shutdowns for maintenance, process changes, or other similar activities.

"Control authority" refers to the POTW if the POTW's pretreatment program submission has been approved in accordance with the requirements of 9VAC25-31-830 or the approval authority if the submission has not been approved.

"Co-permittee" means a permittee to a VPDES permit that is only responsible for permit conditions relating to the discharge for which it is the operator.

"CWA" means the Clean Water Act (33 USC § 1251 et seq.) (formerly referred to as the Federal Water Pollution Control Act or Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972) Public Law 92-500, as amended by Public Law 95-217, Public Law 95-576, Public Law 96-483, [ and ] Public Law 97-117 [ , and Public Law 100-4 ].

"CWA and regulations" means the Clean Water Act (CWA) and applicable regulations promulgated thereunder. For the purposes of this chapter, it includes state program requirements.

"Daily discharge" means the discharge of a pollutant measured during a calendar day or any 24-hour period that reasonably represents the calendar day for purposes of sampling. For pollutants with limitations expressed in units of mass, the daily discharge is calculated as the total mass of the pollutant discharged over the day. For pollutants with limitations expressed in other units of measurement, the daily discharge is calculated as the average measurement of the pollutant over the day.

"Department" means the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality.

"Designated project area" means the portions of surface within which the permittee or permit applicant plans to confine the cultivated species, using a method or plan or operation (including, but not limited to, physical confinement) which, on the basis of reliable scientific evidence, is expected to ensure that specific individual organisms comprising an aquaculture crop will enjoy increased growth attributable to the discharge of pollutants, and be harvested within a defined geographic area.

"Direct discharge" means the discharge of a pollutant.

"Director" means the Director of the Department of Environmental Quality or an authorized representative.

"Discharge," when used without qualification, means the discharge of a pollutant.

"Discharge," when used in Part VII (9VAC25-31-730 et seq.) of this chapter, means "indirect discharge" as defined in this section.

"Discharge of a pollutant" means:

1. Any addition of any pollutant or combination of pollutants to surface waters from any point source; or

2. Any addition of any pollutant or combination of pollutants to the waters of the contiguous zone or the ocean from any point source other than a vessel or other floating craft which is being used as a means of transportation.

This definition includes additions of pollutants into surface waters from: surface run-off which is collected or channeled by man; discharges through pipes, sewers, or other conveyances owned by a state, municipality, or other person which do not lead to a treatment works; and discharges through pipes, sewers, or other conveyances, leading into privately owned treatment works. This term does not include an addition of pollutants by any indirect discharger.

"Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR)" means the form supplied by the department or an equivalent form developed by the permittee and approved by the board, for the reporting of self-monitoring results by permittees.

"Draft permit" means a document indicating the board's tentative decision to issue or deny, modify, revoke and reissue, terminate, or reissue a permit. A notice of intent to terminate a permit, and a notice of intent to deny a permit are types of draft permits. A denial of a request for modification, revocation and reissuance, or termination is not a draft permit. A proposed permit is not a draft permit.

"Effluent limitation" means any restriction imposed by the board on quantities, discharge rates, and concentrations of pollutants which are discharged from point sources into surface waters, the waters of the contiguous zone, or the ocean.

"Effluent limitations guidelines" means a regulation published by the administrator under § 304(b) of the CWA to adopt or revise effluent limitations.

"Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)" means the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

"Existing source" means any source which is not a new source or a new discharger.

"Facilities or equipment" means buildings, structures, process or production equipment or machinery which form a permanent part of a new source and which will be used in its operation, if these facilities or equipment are of such value as to represent a substantial commitment to construct. It excludes facilities or equipment used in connection with feasibility, engineering, and design studies regarding the new source or water pollution treatment for the new source.

"Facility or activity" means any VPDES point source or treatment works treating domestic sewage or any other facility or activity (including land or appurtenances thereto) that is subject to regulation under the VPDES program.

"General permit" means a VPDES permit authorizing a category of discharges under the CWA and the law within a geographical area.

"Hazardous substance" means any substance designated under the Code of Virginia and 40 CFR Part 116 pursuant to § 311 of the CWA.

"Incorporated place" means a city, town, township, or village that is incorporated under the Code of Virginia.

"Indian country" means (i) all land within the limits of any Indian reservation under the jurisdiction of the United States government, notwithstanding the issuance of any patent, and including rights-of-way running through the reservation; (ii) all dependent Indian communities with the borders of the United States whether within the originally or subsequently acquired territory thereof, and whether within or without the limits of a state; and (iii) all Indian allotments, the Indian titles to which have not been extinguished, including rights-of-way running through the same.

"Indirect discharge" means the introduction of pollutants into a POTW from any nondomestic source regulated under § 307(b), (c) or (d) of the CWA and the law.

"Indirect discharger" means a nondomestic discharger introducing pollutants to a POTW.

"Individual control strategy" means a final VPDES permit with supporting documentation showing that effluent limits are consistent with an approved wasteload allocation or other documentation that shows that applicable water quality standards will be met not later than three years after the individual control strategy is established.

"Industrial user" or "user" means a source of indirect discharge.

"Interference" means an indirect discharge which, alone or in conjunction with an indirect discharge or discharges from other sources, both: (i) inhibits or disrupts the POTW, its treatment processes or operations, or its sludge processes, use or disposal; and therefore (ii) is a cause of a violation of any requirement of the POTW's VPDES permit (including an increase in the magnitude or duration of a violation) or of the prevention of biosolids use or sewage sludge use or disposal in compliance with the following statutory provisions and regulations or permits issued thereunder (or more stringent state or local regulations): Section 405 of the Clean Water Act, the Solid Waste Disposal Act (SWDA) (including Title II, more commonly referred to as the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) (42 USC § 6901 et seq.), and including state regulations contained in any state sludge management plan prepared pursuant to Subtitle D of the SWDA) the Clean Air Act (42 USC § 701 et seq.), the Toxic Substances Control Act (15 USC § 2601 et seq.), and the Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act (33 USC § 1401 et seq.).

"Interstate agency" means an agency of two or more states established by or under an agreement or compact approved by Congress, or any other agency of two or more states having substantial powers or duties pertaining to the control of pollution as determined and approved by the administrator under the CWA and regulations.

"Land application area" means [ , in regard to an AFO, ] land under the control of an AFO owner or operator, that is owned, rented, or leased to which manure, litter or process wastewater from the production area may be applied.

[ "Land application area" means, in regard to biosolids, the area in the permitted field, excluding the setback area, where biosolids may be applied. ]

"Log sorting" and "log storage facilities" means facilities whose discharges result from the holding of unprocessed wood, for example, logs or roundwood with bark or after removal of bark held in self-contained bodies of water (mill ponds or log ponds) or stored on land where water is applied intentionally on the logs (wet decking).

"Major facility" means any VPDES facility or activity classified as such by the regional administrator in conjunction with the board.

[ "Malodor" means an unusually strong or offensive odor associated with biosolids or sewage sludge as distinguished from odors normally associated with biosolids or sewage sludge. ]

"Manmade" means constructed by man and used for the purpose of transporting wastes.

"Manure" means manure, bedding, compost and raw materials or other materials commingled with manure or set aside for disposal.

"Maximum daily discharge limitation" means the highest allowable daily discharge.

"Municipality" means a city, town, county, district, association, or other public body created by or under state law and having jurisdiction over disposal of sewage, industrial wastes, or other wastes, or an Indian tribe or an authorized Indian tribal organization, or a designated and approved management agency under § 208 of the CWA.

"National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)" System" or "NPDES" means the national program for issuing, modifying, revoking and reissuing, terminating, monitoring and enforcing permits, and imposing and enforcing pretreatment requirements under §§ 307, 402, 318, and 405 of the CWA. The term includes an approved program.

"National pretreatment standard," "pretreatment standard," or "standard," when used in Part VII (9VAC25-31-730 et seq.) of this chapter, means any regulation containing pollutant discharge limits promulgated by the EPA in accordance with § 307(b) and (c) of the CWA, which applies to industrial users. This term includes prohibitive discharge limits established pursuant to 9VAC25-31-770.

"New discharger" means any building, structure, facility, or installation:

1. From which there is or may be a discharge of pollutants;

2. That did not commence the discharge of pollutants at a particular site prior to August 13, 1979;

3. Which is not a new source; and

4. Which has never received a finally effective VPDES permit for discharges at that site.

This definition includes an indirect discharger which commences discharging into surface waters after August 13, 1979. It also includes any existing mobile point source (other than an offshore or coastal oil and gas exploratory drilling rig or a coastal oil and gas developmental drilling rig) such as a seafood processing rig, seafood processing vessel, or aggregate plant, that begins discharging at a site for which it does not have a permit; and any offshore or coastal mobile oil and gas exploratory drilling rig or coastal mobile oil and gas developmental drilling rig that commences the discharge of pollutants after August 13, 1979.

"New source," except when used in Part VII of this chapter, means any building, structure, facility, or installation from which there is or may be a discharge of pollutants, the construction of which commenced:

(a) After promulgation of standards of performance under § 306 of the CWA which are applicable to such source; or

(b) After proposal of standards of performance in accordance with § 306 of the CWA which are applicable to such source, but only if the standards are promulgated in accordance with § 306 of the CWA within 120 days of their proposal.

"New source," when used in Part VII of this chapter, means any building, structure, facility, or installation from which there is or may be a discharge of pollutants, the construction of which commenced after the publication of proposed pretreatment standards under § 307(c) of the CWA which will be applicable to such source if such standards are thereafter promulgated in accordance with that section, provided that:

1. a. The building, structure, facility or installation is constructed at a site at which no other source is located;

b. The building, structure, facility, or installation totally replaces the process or production equipment that causes the discharge of pollutants at an existing source; or

c. The production of wastewater generating processes of the building, structure, facility, or installation are substantially independent of an existing source at the same site. In determining whether these are substantially independent, factors such as the extent to which the new facility is integrated with the existing plant, and the extent to which the new facility is engaged in the same general type of activity as the existing source should be considered.

2. Construction on a site at which an existing source is located results in a modification rather than a new source if the construction does not create a new building, structure, facility, or installation meeting the criteria of subdivision 1 b or c of this definition but otherwise alters, replaces, or adds to existing process or production equipment.

3. Construction of a new source as defined under this subdivision has commenced if the owner or operator has:

a. Begun, or caused to begin, as part of a continuous on-site construction program:

(1) Any placement, assembly, or installation of facilities or equipment; or

(2) Significant site preparation work including clearing, excavation, or removal of existing buildings, structures, or facilities which is necessary for the placement, assembly, or installation of new source facilities or equipment; or

b. Entered into a binding contractual obligation for the purchase of facilities or equipment which are intended to be used in its operation within a reasonable time. Options to purchase or contracts which can be terminated or modified without substantial loss, and contracts for feasibility, engineering, and design studies do not constitute a contractual obligation under this subdivision.

"Overburden" means any material of any nature, consolidated or unconsolidated, that overlies a mineral deposit, excluding topsoil or similar naturally occurring surface materials that are not disturbed by mining operations.

"Owner" means the Commonwealth or any of its political subdivisions including, but not limited to, sanitation district commissions and authorities, and any public or private institution, corporation, association, firm or company organized or existing under the laws of this or any other state or country, or any officer or agency of the United States, or any person or group of persons acting individually or as a group that owns, operates, charters, rents, or otherwise exercises control over or is responsible for any actual or potential discharge of sewage, industrial wastes, or other wastes to state waters, or any facility or operation that has the capability to alter the physical, chemical, or biological properties of state waters in contravention of § 62.1-44.5 of the Code of Virginia.

"Owner" or "operator" means the owner or operator of any facility or activity subject to regulation under the VPDES program.

"Pass through" means a discharge which exits the POTW into state waters in quantities or concentrations which, alone or in conjunction with a discharge or discharges from other sources, is a cause of a violation of any requirement of the POTW's VPDES permit (including an increase in the magnitude or duration of a violation).

"Permit" means an authorization, certificate, license, or equivalent control document issued by the board to implement the requirements of this chapter. Permit includes a VPDES general permit. Permit does not include any permit which has not yet been the subject of final agency action, such as a draft permit or a proposed permit.

"Person" means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, a governmental body, a municipal corporation, or any other legal entity.

"Point source" means any discernible, confined, and discrete conveyance including, but not limited to, any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated animal feeding operation, landfill leachate collection system, vessel, or other floating craft from which pollutants are or may be discharged. This term does not include return flows from irrigated agriculture or agricultural storm water run-off.

"Pollutant" means dredged spoil, solid waste, incinerator residue, filter backwash, sewage, garbage, sewage sludge, munitions, chemical wastes, biological materials, radioactive materials (except those regulated under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended (42 USC § 2011 et seq.)), heat, wrecked or discarded equipment, rock, sand, cellar dirt and industrial, municipal, and agricultural waste discharged into water. It does not mean:

1. Sewage from vessels; or

2. Water, gas, or other material which is injected into a well to facilitate production of oil or gas, or water derived in association with oil and gas production and disposed of in a well if the well used either to facilitate production or for disposal purposes is approved by the board, and if the board determines that the injection or disposal will not result in the degradation of ground or surface water resources.

[ "Publicly owned treatment works" or "POTW" means a treatment works as defined by § 212 of the Act, which is owned by a state or municipality (as defined by § 502(4) of the Act). This definition includes any devices and systems used in the storage, treatment, recycling and reclamation of municipal sewage or industrial wastes of a liquid nature. It also includes sewers, pipes and other conveyances only if they convey wastewater to a POTW treatment plant. The term also means the municipality as defined in § 502(4) of the Act, which has jurisdiction over the indirect discharges to and the discharges from such a treatment works. ]

"POTW treatment plant" means that portion of the POTW which is designed to provide treatment (including recycling and reclamation) of municipal sewage and industrial waste.

"Pretreatment" means the reduction of the amount of pollutants, the elimination of pollutants, or the alteration of the nature of pollutant properties in wastewater prior to or in lieu of discharging or otherwise introducing such pollutants into a POTW. The reduction or alteration may be obtained by physical, chemical or biological processes, process changes or by other means, except as prohibited in Part VII of this chapter. Appropriate pretreatment technology includes control equipment, such as equalization tanks or facilities, for protection against surges or slug loadings that might interfere with or otherwise be incompatible with the POTW. However, where wastewater from a regulated process is mixed in an equalization facility with unregulated wastewater or with wastewater from another regulated process, the effluent from the equalization facility must meet an adjusted pretreatment limit calculated in accordance with Part VII of this chapter.

"Pretreatment requirements" means any requirements arising under Part VII of this chapter including the duty to allow or carry out inspections, entry or monitoring activities; any rules, regulations, or orders issued by the owner of a publicly owned treatment works; or any reporting requirements imposed by the owner of a publicly owned treatment works or by the regulations of the board. Pretreatment requirements do not include the requirements of a national pretreatment standard.

"Primary industry category" means any industry category listed in the NRDC settlement agreement (Natural Resources Defense Council et al. v. Train, 8 E.R.C. 2120 (D.D.C. 1976), modified 12 E.R.C. 1833 (D.D.C. 1979)); also listed in 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix A.

"Privately owned treatment works (PVOTW)" means any device or system which is (i) used to treat wastes from any facility whose operator is not the operator of the treatment works and (ii) not a POTW.

"Process wastewater" means any water which, during manufacturing or processing, comes into direct contact with or results from the production or use of any raw material, intermediate product, finished product, byproduct, or waste product. Process wastewater from an AFO means water directly or indirectly used in the operation of the AFO for any of the following: spillage or overflow from animal or poultry watering systems; washing, cleaning, or flushing pens, barns, manure pits, or other AFO facilities; direct contact swimming, washing, or spray cooling of the animals; or dust control. Process wastewater from an AFO also includes any water that comes into contact with any raw materials, products, or byproducts including manure, litter, feed, milk, eggs or bedding.

"Production area" means that part of an AFO that includes the animal confinement area, the manure storage area, the raw materials storage area, and the waste containment areas. The animal confinement area includes but is not limited to open lots, housed lots, feedlots, confinement houses, stall barns, free stall barns, milkrooms, milking centers, cowyards, barnyards, medication pens, walkers, animal walkways, and stables. The manure storage area includes but is not limited to lagoons, runoff ponds, storage sheds, stockpiles, under house or pit storages, liquid impoundments, static piles, and composting piles. The raw materials storage areas includes but is not limited to feed silos, silage bunkers, and bedding materials. The waste containment area includes but is not limited to settling basins, and areas within berms and diversions that separate uncontaminated storm water. Also included in the definition of production area is any egg washing or egg processing facility, and any area used in the storage, handling, treatment, or disposal of mortalities.

"Proposed permit" means a VPDES permit prepared after the close of the public comment period (and, when applicable, any public hearing and administrative appeals) which is sent to EPA for review before final issuance. A proposed permit is not a draft permit.

"Publicly owned treatment works (POTW)" means a treatment works as defined by§ 212 of the CWA, which is owned by a state or municipality (as defined by § 502(4) of the CWA). This definition includes any devices and systems used in the storage, treatment, recycling, and reclamation of municipal sewage or industrial wastes of a liquid nature. It also includes sewers, pipes, and other conveyances only if they convey wastewater to a POTW treatment plant. The term also means the municipality as defined in § 502(4) of the CWA, which has jurisdiction over the indirect discharges to and the discharges from such a treatment works.

"Recommencing discharger" means a source which recommences discharge after terminating operations.

"Regional administrator" means the Regional Administrator of Region III of the Environmental Protection Agency or the authorized representative of the regional administrator.

"Rock crushing and gravel washing facilities" means facilities which process crushed and broken stone, gravel, and riprap.

"Schedule of compliance" means a schedule of remedial measures included in a permit, including an enforceable sequence of interim requirements (for example, actions, operations, or milestone events) leading to compliance with the law, the CWA and regulations.

"Secondary industry category" means any industry category which is not a primary industry category.

"Secretary" means the Secretary of the Army, acting through the Chief of Engineers.

"Septage" means the liquid and solid material pumped from a septic tank, cesspool, or similar domestic sewage treatment system, or a holding tank when the system is cleaned or maintained.

[ "Setback area" means the area of land between the boundary of the land application area and adjacent features where biosolids or other managed pollutants may not be land applied. ]

"Severe property damage" means substantial physical damage to property, damage to the treatment facilities which causes them to become inoperable, or substantial and permanent loss of natural resources which can reasonably be expected to occur in the absence of a bypass. Severe property damage does not mean economic loss caused by delays in production.

"Sewage from vessels" means human body wastes and the wastes from toilets and other receptacles intended to receive or retain body wastes that are discharged from vessels and regulated under § 312 of CWA.

"Sewage sludge" means any solid, semisolid, or liquid residue removed during the treatment of municipal waste water or domestic sewage. Sewage sludge includes, but is not limited to, solids removed during primary, secondary, or advanced waste water treatment, scum, domestic septage, portable toilet pumpings, type III marine sanitation device pumpings, and sewage sludge products. Sewage sludge does not include grit or screenings, or ash generated during the incineration of sewage sludge.

"Sewage sludge use" or "disposal practice" means the collection, storage, treatment, transportation, processing, monitoring, use of biosolids, or disposal of sewage sludge.

"Significant industrial user" or "SIU" means:

1. Except as provided in subdivisions 2 and 3 of this definition:

a. All industrial users subject to categorical pretreatment standards under 9VAC25-31-780 and incorporated by reference in 9VAC25-31-30; and

b. Any other industrial user that: discharges an average of 25,000 gallons per day or more of process wastewater to the POTW (excluding sanitary, noncontact cooling and boiler blowdown wastewater); contributes a process wastestream which makes up 5.0% or more of the average dry weather hydraulic or organic capacity of the POTW treatment plant; or is designated as such by the Control Authority, on the basis that the industrial user has a reasonable potential for adversely affecting the POTW's operation or for violating any pretreatment standard or requirement.

2. The control authority may determine that an industrial user subject to categorical pretreatment standards under 9VAC25-31-780 and 40 CFR chapter I, subchapter N is a nonsignificant categorical industrial user rather than a significant industrial user on a finding that the industrial user never discharges more than 100 gallons per day (gpd) of total categorical wastewater (excluding sanitary, noncontact cooling and boiler blowdown wastewater, unless specifically included in the pretreatment standard) and the following conditions are met:

a. The industrial user, prior to control authority's finding, has consistently complied with all applicable categorical pretreatment standards and requirements;

b. The industrial user annually submits the certification statement required in 9VAC25-31-840 together with any additional information necessary to support the certification statement; and

c. The industrial user never discharges any untreated concentrated wastewater.

3. Upon a finding that an industrial user meeting the criteria in subdivision 1 b of this definition has no reasonable potential for adversely affecting the POTW's operation or for violating any pretreatment standard or requirement, the control authority may at any time, on its own initiative or in response to a petition received from an industrial user or POTW, and in accordance with Part VII (9VAC25-31-730 et seq.) of this chapter, determine that such industrial user is not a significant industrial user.

"Significant materials" means, but is not limited to: raw materials; fuels; materials such as solvents, detergents, and plastic pellets; finished materials such as metallic products; raw materials used in food processing or production; hazardous substances designated under § 101(14) of CERCLA (42 USC § 9601(14)); any chemical the facility is required to report pursuant to § 313 of Title III of SARA (42 USC § 11023); fertilizers; pesticides; and waste products such as ashes, slag and sludge that have the potential to be released with storm water discharges.

"Silvicultural point source" means any discernible, confined and discrete conveyance related to rock crushing, gravel washing, log sorting, or log storage facilities which are operated in connection with silvicultural activities and from which pollutants are discharged into surface waters. The term does not include nonpoint source silvicultural activities such as nursery operations, site preparation, reforestation and subsequent cultural treatment, thinning, prescribed burning, pest and fire control, harvesting operations, surface drainage, or road construction and maintenance from which there is natural run-off. However, some of these activities (such as stream crossing for roads) may involve point source discharges of dredged or fill material which may require a CWA § 404 permit.

"Site" means the land or water area where any facility or activity is physically located or conducted, including adjacent land used in connection with the facility or activity.

"Sludge-only facility" means any treatment works treating domestic sewage whose methods of biosolids use or sewage sludge use or disposal are subject to regulations promulgated pursuant to the law and § 405(d) of the CWA, and is required to obtain a VPDES permit.

"Source" means any building, structure, facility, or installation from which there is or may be a discharge of pollutants.

"Standards for biosolids use or sewage sludge use or disposal" means the regulations promulgated pursuant to the law and § 405(d) of the CWA which govern minimum requirements for sludge quality, management practices, and monitoring and reporting applicable to sewage sludge or the use of biosolids or disposal of sewage sludge by any person.

"State" means the Commonwealth of Virginia.

"State/EPA agreement" means an agreement between the regional administrator and the state which coordinates EPA and state activities, responsibilities and programs including those under the CWA and the law.

"State Water Control Law" or "Law" means Chapter 3.1 (§ 62.1-44.2 et seq.) of Title 62.1 of the Code of Virginia.

"Storm water" means storm water run-off, snow melt run-off, and surface run-off and drainage.

"Storm water discharge associated with industrial activity" means the discharge from any conveyance which is used for collecting and conveying storm water and which is directly related to manufacturing, processing or raw materials storage areas at an industrial plant. The term does not include discharges from facilities or activities excluded from the VPDES program. For the categories of industries identified in this definition, the term includes, but is not limited to, storm water discharges from industrial plant yards; immediate access roads and rail lines used or traveled by carriers of raw materials, manufactured products, waste material, or by-products used or created by the facility; material handling sites; refuse sites; sites used for the application or disposal of process waste waters; sites used for the storage and maintenance of material handling equipment; sites used for residual treatment, storage, or disposal; shipping and receiving areas; manufacturing buildings; storage areas (including tank farms) for raw materials, and intermediate and final products; and areas where industrial activity has taken place in the past and significant materials remain and are exposed to storm water. For the purposes of this definition, material handling activities include the storage, loading and unloading, transportation, or conveyance of any raw material, intermediate product, final product, by-product, or waste product. The term excludes areas located on plant lands separate from the plant's industrial activities, such as office buildings and accompanying parking lots as long as the drainage from the excluded areas is not mixed with storm water drained from the above described areas. Industrial facilities (including industrial facilities that are federally, state, or municipally owned or operated that meet the description of the facilities listed in subdivisions 1 through 10 of this definition) include those facilities designated under the provisions of 9VAC25-31-120 A 1 c. The following categories of facilities are considered to be engaging in industrial activity for purposes of this subsection:

1. Facilities subject to storm water effluent limitations guidelines, new source performance standards, or toxic pollutant effluent standards (except facilities with toxic pollutant effluent standards which are exempted under category 10);

2. Facilities classified as Standard Industrial Classifications 24 (except 2434), 26 (except 265 and 267), 28 (except 283), 29, 311, 32 (except 323), 33, 3441, 373;

3. Facilities classified as Standard Industrial Classifications 10 through 14 (mineral industry) including active or inactive mining operations (except for areas of coal mining operations no longer meeting the definition of a reclamation area under 40 CFR 434.11(l) because the performance bond issued to the facility by the appropriate SMCRA authority has been released, or except for areas of non-coal mining operations which have been released from applicable state or federal reclamation requirements after December 17, 1990) and oil and gas exploration, production, processing, or treatment operations, or transmission facilities that discharge storm water contaminated by contact with or that has come into contact with, any overburden, raw material, intermediate products, finished products, by-products, or waste products located on the site of such operations; (inactive mining operations are mining sites that are not being actively mined, but which have an identifiable owner/operator; inactive mining sites do not include sites where mining claims are being maintained prior to disturbances associated with the extraction, beneficiation, or processing of mined materials, nor sites where minimal activities are undertaken for the sole purpose of maintaining a mining claim);

4. Hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facilities, including those that are operating under interim status or a permit under Subtitle C of RCRA (42 USC § 6901 et seq.);

5. Landfills, land application sites, and open dumps that receive or have received any industrial wastes (waste that is received from any of the facilities described under this subsection) including those that are subject to regulation under Subtitle D of RCRA (42 USC § 6901 et seq.);

6. Facilities involved in the recycling of materials, including metal scrapyards, battery reclaimers, salvage yards, and automobile junkyards, including but limited to those classified as Standard Industrial Classification 5015 and 5093;

7. Steam electric power generating facilities, including coal handling sites;

8. Transportation facilities classified as Standard Industrial Classifications 40, 41, 42 (except 4221-25), 43, 44, 45, and 5171 which have vehicle maintenance shops, equipment cleaning operations, or airport deicing operations. Only those portions of the facility that are either involved in vehicle maintenance (including vehicle rehabilitation, mechanical repairs, painting, fueling, and lubrication), equipment cleaning operations, airport deicing operations, or which are otherwise identified under subdivisions 1 through 7 or 9 and 10 of this definition are associated with industrial activity;

9. Treatment works treating domestic sewage or any other sewage sludge or wastewater treatment device or system, used in the storage treatment, recycling, and reclamation of municipal or domestic sewage, including land dedicated to the disposal of sewage sludge that are located within the confines of the facility, with a design flow of 1.0 mgd or more, or required to have an approved pretreatment program. Not included are farm lands, domestic gardens or lands used for sludge management where sludge is beneficially reused and which are not physically located in the confines of the facility, or areas that are in compliance with § 405 of the CWA; and

10. Facilities under Standard Industrial Classifications 20, 21, 22, 23, 2434, 25, 265, 267, 27, 283, 30, 31 (except 311), 323, 34 (except 3441), 35, 36, 37 (except 373), 38, 39, and 4221-25.

"Submission" means: (i) a request by a POTW for approval of a pretreatment program to the regional administrator or the director; (ii) a request by POTW to the regional administrator or the director for authority to revise the discharge limits in categorical pretreatment standards to reflect POTW pollutant removals; or (iii) a request to the EPA by the director for approval of the Virginia pretreatment program.

"Surface waters" means:

1. All waters which are currently used, were used in the past, or may be susceptible to use in interstate or foreign commerce, including all waters which are subject to the ebb and flow of the tide;

2. All interstate waters, including interstate wetlands;

3. All other waters such as intrastate lakes, rivers, streams (including intermittent streams), mudflats, sandflats, wetlands, sloughs, prairie potholes, wet meadows, playa lakes, or natural ponds the use, degradation, or destruction of which would affect or could affect interstate or foreign commerce including any such waters:

a. Which are or could be used by interstate or foreign travelers for recreational or other purposes;

b. From which fish or shellfish are or could be taken and sold in interstate or foreign commerce; or

c. Which are used or could be used for industrial purposes by industries in interstate commerce.

4. All impoundments of waters otherwise defined as surface waters under this definition;

5. Tributaries of waters identified in subdivisions 1 through 4 of this definition;

6. The territorial sea; and

7. Wetlands adjacent to waters (other than waters that are themselves wetlands) identified in subdivisions 1 through 6 of this definition.

Waste treatment systems, including treatment ponds or lagoons designed to meet the requirements of the CWA and the law, are not surface waters. Surface waters do not include prior converted cropland. Notwithstanding the determination of an area's status as prior converted cropland by any other agency, for the purposes of the Clean Water Act, the final authority regarding the Clean Water Act jurisdiction remains with the EPA.

"Total dissolved solids" means the total dissolved (filterable) solids as determined by use of the method specified in 40 CFR Part 136.

"Toxic pollutant" means any pollutant listed as toxic under § 307(a)(1) of the CWA or, in the case of sludge use or disposal practices, any pollutant identified in regulations implementing § 405(d) of the CWA.

"Treatment facility" means only those mechanical power driven devices necessary for the transmission and treatment of pollutants (e.g., pump stations, unit treatment processes).

"Treatment works" means any devices and systems used for the storage, treatment, recycling or reclamation of sewage or liquid industrial waste, or other waste or necessary to recycle or reuse water, including intercepting sewers, outfall sewers, sewage collection systems, individual systems, pumping, power and other equipment and their appurtenances; extensions, improvements, remodeling, additions, or alterations thereof; and any works, including land that will be an integral part of the treatment process or is used for ultimate disposal of residues resulting from such treatment; or any other method or system used for preventing, abating, reducing, storing, treating, separating, or disposing of municipal waste or industrial waste, including waste in combined sewer water and sanitary sewer systems.

"Treatment works treating domestic sewage" means a POTW or any other sewage sludge or waste water treatment devices or systems, regardless of ownership (including federal facilities), used in the storage, treatment, recycling, and reclamation of municipal or domestic sewage, including land dedicated for the disposal of sewage sludge. This definition does not include septic tanks or similar devices. For purposes of this definition, domestic sewage includes waste and waste water from humans or household operations that are discharged to or otherwise enter a treatment works.

"TWTDS" means treatment works treating domestic sewage.

"Uncontrolled sanitary landfill" means a landfill or open dump, whether in operation or closed, that does not meet the requirements for run-on or run-off controls established pursuant to subtitle D of the Solid Waste Disposal Act (42 USC § 6901 et seq.).

"Upset," except when used in Part VII of this chapter, means an exceptional incident in which there is unintentional and temporary noncompliance with technology based permit effluent limitations because of factors beyond the reasonable control of the permittee. An upset does not include noncompliance to the extent caused by operational error, improperly designed treatment facilities, inadequate treatment facilities, lack of preventive maintenance, or careless or improper operation.

"Variance" means any mechanism or provision under § 301 or § 316 of the CWA or under 40 CFR Part 125, or in the applicable effluent limitations guidelines which allows modification to or waiver of the generally applicable effluent limitation requirements or time deadlines of the CWA. This includes provisions which allow the establishment of alternative limitations based on fundamentally different factors or on §§ 301(c), 301(g), 301(h), 301(i), or 316(a) of the CWA.

[ "Vegetated buffer" means a permanent strip of dense perennial vegetation established parallel to the contours of and perpendicular to the dominant slope of the field for the purposes of slowing water runoff, enhancing water infiltration, and minimizing the risk of any potential nutrients or pollutants from leaving the field and reaching surface waters. ]

"Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (VPDES) permit" means a document issued by the board pursuant to this chapter authorizing, under prescribed conditions, the potential or actual discharge of pollutants from a point source to surface waters and the use of biosolids or disposal of sewage sludge. Under the approved state program, a VPDES permit is equivalent to an NPDES permit.

"VPDES application" or "application" means the standard form or forms, including any additions, revisions or modifications to the forms, approved by the administrator and the board for applying for a VPDES permit.

"Wastewater," when used in Part VII of this chapter, means liquid and water carried industrial wastes and domestic sewage from residential dwellings, commercial buildings, industrial and manufacturing facilities and institutions, whether treated or untreated, which are contributed to the POTW.

"Wastewater works operator" means any individual employed or appointed by any owner, and who is designated by such owner to be the person in responsible charge, such as a supervisor, a shift operator, or a substitute in charge, and whose duties include testing or evaluation to control wastewater works operations. Not included in this definition are superintendents or directors of public works, city engineers, or other municipal or industrial officials whose duties do not include the actual operation or direct supervision of wastewater works.

"Water Management Division Director" means the director of the Region III Water Management Division of the Environmental Protection Agency or this person's delegated representative.

"Wetlands" means those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or [ groundwater ground water ] at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas.

"Whole effluent toxicity" means the aggregate toxic effect of an effluent measured directly by a toxicity test.

9VAC25-31-60. Effect of a permit.

A. Compliance with a permit.

1. Except for any toxic effluent standards and prohibitions imposed under § 307 of the CWA and standards for biosolids use or sewage sludge use or disposal under § 405(d) of the CWA, compliance with a permit during its term constitutes compliance, for purposes of enforcement, with the law and with §§ 301, 302, 306, 307, 318, 403, and 405 (a) through (b) of the CWA. However, a permit may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated during its term for cause as set forth in this chapter.

2. Compliance with a permit condition which implements a particular standard for biosolids use or sewage sludge use or disposal shall be an affirmative defense in any enforcement action brought for a violation of that standard for biosolids use or sewage sludge use or disposal pursuant to the law and §§ 309 and 405(e) of the CWA.

B. The issuance of a permit does not convey any property rights of any sort, or any exclusive privilege.

C. The issuance of a permit does not authorize any injury to persons or property or invasion of other private rights, or any infringement of state or local law or regulations.

Part II
Permit Applications and Special VPDES Permit Programs

9VAC25-31-100. Application for a permit.

A. Duty to apply. Any person who discharges or proposes to discharge pollutants or who owns or operates a sludge-only facility whose sewage sludge use or disposal practice is regulated by 9VAC25-31-420 through 9VAC25-31-720 and who does not have an effective permit, except persons covered by general permits, excluded from the requirement for a permit by this chapter, or a user of a privately owned treatment works unless the board requires otherwise, The following shall submit a complete application to the department in accordance with this section [ . The requirements for concentrated animal feeding operations are described in subdivisions C 1 and 3 of 9VAC25-31-130.: ]

1. Any person who discharges or proposes to discharge pollutants; and

2. Any person who owns or operates a sludge-only facility whose biosolids use or sewage sludge disposal practice is regulated by 9VAC25-31-420 through 9VAC25-31-720 and who does not have an effective permit.

[ All concentrated animal feeding operations have a duty to seek coverage under a VPDES permit. ]

B. Exceptions: The following are not required to submit a complete application to the department in accordance with this section unless the board requires otherwise:

1. Persons covered by general permits;

2. Persons excluded from the requirement for a permit by this chapter; or

3. A user of a privately owned treatment works.

B. C. Who applies. When a facility or activity is owned by one person but is operated by another person, it is the operator's duty to obtain a permit.

1. The owner of the facility or operation.

2. When a facility or activity is owned by one person but is operated by another person, it is the operator's duty to obtain a permit.

3. Notwithstanding the requirements of subdivision 2 of this subsection, biosolids land application by the operator may be authorized by the owner's permit.

C. D. Time to apply.

1. Any person proposing a new discharge, shall submit an application at least 180 days before the date on which the discharge is to commence, unless permission for a later date has been granted by the board. Facilities proposing a new discharge of storm water associated with industrial activity shall submit an application 180 days before that facility commences industrial activity which may result in a discharge of storm water associated with that industrial activity. Different submittal dates may be required under the terms of applicable general permits. Persons proposing a new discharge are encouraged to submit their applications well in advance of the 90 or 180 day requirements to avoid delay. New discharges composed entirely of storm water, other than those dischargers identified in 9VAC25-31-120 A 1, shall apply for and obtain a permit according to the application requirements in 9VAC25-31-120 B.

2. All TWTDS whose sewage sludge biosolids use or sewage sludge disposal practices are regulated by 9VAC25-31-420 through 9VAC25-31-720 must submit permit applications according to the applicable schedule in subdivision 2 a or b of this subsection.

a. A TWTDS with a currently effective VPDES permit must submit a permit application at the time of its next VPDES permit renewal application. Such information must be submitted in accordance with subsection D of this section.

b. Any other TWTDS not addressed under subdivision 2 a of this subsection must submit the information listed in subdivisions 2 b (1) through (5) of this subsection to the department within one year after publication of a standard applicable to its sewage sludge biosolids use or sewage sludge disposal practice(s) practice or practices, using a form provided by the department. The board will determine when such TWTDS must submit a full permit application.

(1) The TWTDS's name, mailing address, location, and status as federal, state, private, public or other entity;

(2) The applicant's name, address, telephone number, and ownership status;

(3) A description of the sewage sludge biosolids use or sewage sludge disposal practices. Unless the sewage sludge biosolids meets the requirements of subdivision P 8 d Q 9 d of this section, the description must include the name and address of any facility where biosolids or sewage sludge is sent for treatment or disposal and the location of any land application sites;

(4) Annual amount of sewage sludge generated, treated, used or disposed (estimated dry weight basis); and

(5) The most recent data the TWTDS may have on the quality of the biosolids or sewage sludge.

c. Notwithstanding subdivision 2 a or b of this subsection, the board may require permit applications from any TWTDS at any time if the board determines that a permit is necessary to protect public health and the environment from any potential adverse effects that may occur from toxic pollutants in sewage sludge.

d. Any TWTDS that commences operations after promulgation of an applicable standard for sewage sludge biosolids use or sewage sludge disposal shall submit an application to the department at least 180 days prior to the date proposed for commencing operations.

D. E. Duty to reapply. All permittees with a currently effective permit shall submit a new application at least 180 days before the expiration date of the existing permit, unless permission for a later date has been granted by the board. The board shall not grant permission for applications to be submitted later than the expiration date of the existing permit.

E. F. Completeness.

1. The board shall not issue a permit before receiving a complete application for a permit except for VPDES general permits. An application for a permit is complete when the board receives an application form and any supplemental information which are completed to its satisfaction. The completeness of any application for a permit shall be judged independently of the status of any other permit application or permit for the same facility or activity.

2. No application for a VPDES permit to discharge sewage into or adjacent to state waters from a privately owned treatment works serving, or designed to serve, 50 or more residences shall be considered complete unless the applicant has provided the department with notification from the State Corporation Commission that the applicant is incorporated in the Commonwealth and is in compliance with all regulations and relevant orders of the State Corporation Commission.

3. No application for a new individual VPDES permit authorizing a new discharge of sewage, industrial wastes, or other wastes shall be considered complete unless it contains notification from the county, city, or town in which the discharge is to take place that the location and operation of the discharging facility are consistent with applicable ordinances adopted pursuant to Chapter 22 (§ 15.2-2200 et seq.) of Title 15.2 of the Code of Virginia. The county, city or town shall inform in writing the applicant and the board of the discharging facility's compliance or noncompliance not more than 30 days from receipt by the chief administrative officer, or his agent, of a request from the applicant. Should the county, city or town fail to provide such written notification within 30 days, the requirement for such notification is waived. The provisions of this subsection shall not apply to any discharge for which a valid VPDES permit had been issued prior to March 10, 2000.

4. A permit application shall not be considered complete if the board has waived application requirements under subsection J or P of this section and the EPA has disapproved the waiver application. If a waiver request has been submitted to the EPA more than 210 days prior to permit expiration and the EPA has not disapproved the waiver application 181 days prior to permit expiration, the permit application lacking the information subject to the waiver application shall be considered complete.

5. In accordance with § 62.1-44.19:3 A of the Code of Virginia, no application for a permit or variance to authorize the storage of sewage sludge biosolids shall be complete unless it contains certification from the governing body of the locality in which the sewage sludge biosolids is to be stored that the storage site is consistent with all applicable ordinances. The governing body shall confirm or deny consistency within 30 days of receiving a request for certification. If the governing body does not so respond, the site shall be deemed consistent.

6. No application for a permit to land apply biosolids in accordance with Part VI (9VAC25-31-420 et seq.) of this chapter shall be complete unless it includes the written consent of the landowner to apply biosolids on his property.

F. G. Information requirements. All applicants for VPDES permits, other than POTWs and other TWTDS, shall provide the following information to the department, using the application form provided by the department (additional information required of applicants is set forth in subsections G H through K L of this section).

1. The activities conducted by the applicant which require it to obtain a VPDES permit;

2. Name, mailing address, and location of the facility for which the application is submitted;

3. Up to four SIC codes which best reflect the principal products or services provided by the facility;

4. The operator's name, address, telephone number, ownership status, and status as federal, state, private, public, or other entity;

5. Whether the facility is located on Indian lands;

6. A listing of all permits or construction approvals received or applied for under any of the following programs:

a. Hazardous Waste Management program under RCRA (42 USC § 6921);

b. UIC program under SDWA (42 USC § 300h);

c. VPDES program under the CWA and the law;

d. Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) program under the Clean Air Act (42 USC § 4701 et seq.);

e. Nonattainment program under the Clean Air Act (42 USC § 4701 et seq.);

f. National Emission Standards for Hazardous Pollutants (NESHAPS) preconstruction approval under the Clean Air Act (42 USC § 4701 et seq.);

g. Ocean dumping permits under the Marine Protection Research and Sanctuaries Act (33 USC § 14 et seq.);

h. Dredge or fill permits under § 404 of the CWA; and

i. Other relevant environmental permits, including state permits.

7. A topographic map (or other map if a topographic map is unavailable) extending one mile beyond the property boundaries of the source, depicting the facility and each of its intake and discharge structures; each of its hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facilities; each well where fluids from the facility are injected underground; and those wells, springs, other surface water bodies, and drinking water wells listed in public records or otherwise known to the applicant in the map area; and

8. A brief description of the nature of the business.

G. H. Application requirements for existing manufacturing, commercial, mining, and silvicultural dischargers. Existing manufacturing, commercial mining, and silvicultural dischargers applying for VPDES permits, except for those facilities subject to the requirements of 9VAC25-31-100 H subsection I of this section, shall provide the following information to the department, using application forms provided by the department.

1. The latitude and longitude of each outfall to the nearest 15 seconds and the name of the receiving water.

2. A line drawing of the water flow through the facility with a water balance, showing operations contributing wastewater to the effluent and treatment units. Similar processes, operations, or production areas may be indicated as a single unit, labeled to correspond to the more detailed identification under subdivision 3 of this subsection. The water balance must show approximate average flows at intake and discharge points and between units, including treatment units. If a water balance cannot be determined (for example, for certain mining activities), the applicant may provide instead a pictorial description of the nature and amount of any sources of water and any collection and treatment measures.

3. A narrative identification of each type of process, operation, or production area which contributes wastewater to the effluent for each outfall, including process wastewater, cooling water, and storm water run-off; the average flow which each process contributes; and a description of the treatment the wastewater receives, including the ultimate disposal of any solid or fluid wastes other than by discharge. Processes, operations, or production areas may be described in general terms (for example, dye-making reactor, distillation tower). For a privately owned treatment works, this information shall include the identity of each user of the treatment works. The average flow of point sources composed of storm water may be estimated. The basis for the rainfall event and the method of estimation must be indicated.

4. If any of the discharges described in subdivision 3 of this subsection are intermittent or seasonal, a description of the frequency, duration and flow rate of each discharge occurrence (except for storm water run-off, spillage or leaks).

5. If an effluent guideline promulgated under § 304 of the CWA applies to the applicant and is expressed in terms of production (or other measure of operation), a reasonable measure of the applicant's actual production reported in the units used in the applicable effluent guideline. The reported measure must reflect the actual production of the facility.

6. If the applicant is subject to any present requirements or compliance schedules for construction, upgrading or operation of waste treatment equipment, an identification of the abatement requirement, a description of the abatement project, and a listing of the required and projected final compliance dates.

7. a. Information on the discharge of pollutants specified in this subdivision (except information on storm water discharges which is to be provided as specified in 9VAC25-31-120).

a. When quantitative data for a pollutant are required, the applicant must collect a sample of effluent and analyze it for the pollutant in accordance with analytical methods approved under 40 CFR Part 136. When no analytical method is approved, the applicant may use any suitable method but must provide a description of the method. When an applicant has two or more outfalls with substantially identical effluents, the board may allow the applicant to test only one outfall and report that the quantitative data also apply to the substantially identical outfalls. The requirements in e and f of this subdivision 7 e and f of this subsection that an applicant must provide quantitative data for certain pollutants known or believed to be present do not apply to pollutants present in a discharge solely as the result of their presence in intake water; however, an applicant must report such pollutants as present. Grab samples must be used for pH, temperature, cyanide, total phenols, residual chlorine, oil and grease, fecal coliform, and fecal streptococcus. For all other pollutants, 24-hour composite samples must be used. However, a minimum of one grab sample may be taken for effluents from holding ponds or other impoundments with a retention period greater than 24 hours. In addition, for discharges other than storm water discharges, the board may waive composite sampling for any outfall for which the applicant demonstrates that the use of an automatic sampler is infeasible and that the minimum of four grab samples will be a representative sample of the effluent being discharged.

b. For storm water discharges, all samples shall be collected from the discharge resulting from a storm event that is greater than 0.1 inch and at least 72 hours from the previously measurable (greater than 0.1 inch rainfall) storm event. Where feasible, the variance in the duration of the event and the total rainfall of the event should not exceed 50% from the average or median rainfall event in that area. For all applicants, a flow-weighted composite shall be taken for either the entire discharge or for the first three hours of the discharge. The flow-weighted composite sample for a storm water discharge may be taken with a continuous sampler or as a combination of a minimum of three sample aliquots taken in each hour of discharge for the entire discharge or for the first three hours of the discharge, with each aliquot being separated by a minimum period of 15 minutes (applicants submitting permit applications for storm water discharges under 9VAC25-31-120 C may collect flow-weighted composite samples using different protocols with respect to the time duration between the collection of sample aliquots, subject to the approval of the board). However, a minimum of one grab sample may be taken for storm water discharges from holding ponds or other impoundments with a retention period greater than 24 hours. For a flow-weighted composite sample, only one analysis of the composite of aliquots is required. For storm water discharge samples taken from discharges associated with industrial activities, quantitative data must be reported for the grab sample taken during the first 30 minutes (or as soon thereafter as practicable) of the discharge for all pollutants specified in 9VAC25-31-120 B 1. For all storm water permit applicants taking flow-weighted composites, quantitative data must be reported for all pollutants specified in 9VAC25-31-120 except pH, temperature, cyanide, total phenols, residual chlorine, oil and grease, fecal coliform, and fecal streptococcus. The board may allow or establish appropriate site-specific sampling procedures or requirements, including sampling locations, the season in which the sampling takes place, the minimum duration between the previous measurable storm event and the storm event sampled, the minimum or maximum level of precipitation required for an appropriate storm event, the form of precipitation sampled (snow melt or rain fall), protocols for collecting samples under 40 CFR Part 136, and additional time for submitting data on a case-by-case basis. An applicant is expected to know or have reason to believe that a pollutant is present in an effluent based on an evaluation of the expected use, production, or storage of the pollutant, or on any previous analyses for the pollutant. (For example, any pesticide manufactured by a facility may be expected to be present in contaminated storm water run-off from the facility.)

c. Every applicant must report quantitative data for every outfall for the following pollutants:

(1) Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅) [ ; ]

(2) Chemical oxygen demand [ ; ]

(3) Total organic carbon [ ; ]

(4) Total suspended solids [ ; ]

(5) Ammonia (as N) [ ; ]

(6) Temperature (both winter and summer) [ ; and ]

(7) pH [ . ]

d. The board may waive the reporting requirements for individual point sources or for a particular industry category for one or more of the pollutants listed in subdivision 7 c of this subsection if the applicant has demonstrated that such a waiver is appropriate because information adequate to support issuance of a permit can be obtained with less stringent requirements.

e. Each applicant with processes in one or more primary industry category (see 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix A) contributing to a discharge must report quantitative data for the following pollutants in each outfall containing process wastewater, except as indicated in subdivisions 7 c (3), (4), and (5) of this subsection:

(1) The organic toxic pollutants in the fractions designated in Table I of 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix D for the applicant's industrial category or categories unless the applicant qualifies as a small business under subdivision 8 of this subsection. Table II of 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix D lists the organic toxic pollutants in each fraction. The fractions result from the sample preparation required by the analytical procedure which uses gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A determination that an applicant falls within a particular industrial category for the purposes of selecting fractions for testing is not conclusive as to the applicant's inclusion in that category for any other purposes; and.

(2) The pollutants listed in Table III of 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix D (the toxic metals, cyanide, and total phenols).

(3) Subdivision H 7 e (1) of this section and the corresponding portions of the VPDES application Form 2C are suspended as they apply to coal mines.

(4) Subdivision H 7 e (1) of this section and the corresponding portions of Item V-C of the VPDES application Form 2C are suspended as they apply to:

(a) Testing and reporting for all four organic fractions in the Greige Mills Subcategory of the Textile Mills industry (subpart C-Low water use processing of 40 CFR Part 410), and testing and reporting for the pesticide fraction in all other subcategories of this industrial category.

(b) Testing and reporting for the volatile, base/neutral and pesticide fractions in the Base and Precious Metals Subcategory of the Ore Mining and Dressing industry (subpart B of 40 CFR Part 440), and testing and reporting for all four fractions in all other subcategories of this industrial category.

(c) Testing and reporting for all four GC/MS fractions in the Porcelain Enameling industry.

(5) Subdivision H 7 e (1) of this section and the corresponding portions of Item V-C of the VPDES application Form 2C are suspended as they apply to:

(a) Testing and reporting for the pesticide fraction in the Tall Oil Rosin Subcategory (subpart D) and Rosin-Based Derivatives Subcategory (subpart F) of the Gum and Wood Chemicals industry (40 CFR Part 454), and testing and reporting for the pesticide and base-neutral fractions in all other subcategories of this industrial category.

(b) Testing and reporting for the pesticide fraction in the leather tanning and finishing, paint and ink formulation, and photographic supplies industrial categories.

(c) Testing and reporting for the acid, base/neutral, and pesticide fractions in the petroleum refining industrial category.

(d) Testing and reporting for the pesticide fraction in the Papergrade Sulfite Subcategories (subparts J and U) of the Pulp and Paper industry (40 CFR Part 430); testing and reporting for the base/neutral and pesticide fractions in the following subcategories: Deink (subpart Q), Dissolving Kraft (subpart F), and Paperboard from Waste Paper (subpart E); testing and reporting for the volatile, base/neutral, and pesticide fractions in the following subcategories: BCT Bleached Kraft (subpart H), Semi-Chemical (subparts B and C), and Nonintegrated-Fine Papers (subpart R); and testing and reporting for the acid, base/neutral, and pesticide fractions in the following subcategories: Fine Bleached Kraft (subpart I), Dissolving Sulfite Pulp (subpart K), Groundwood-Fine Papers (subpart O), Market Bleached Kraft (subpart G), Tissue from Wastepaper (subpart T), and Nonintegrated-Tissue Papers (subpart S).

(e) Testing and reporting for the base/neutral fraction in the Once-Through Cooling Water, Fly Ash and Bottom Ash Transport Water process waste streams of the Steam Electric Power Plant industrial category.

f. (1) Each applicant must indicate whether it knows or has reason to believe that any of the pollutants in Table IV of 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix D (certain conventional and nonconventional pollutants) is discharged from each outfall. If an applicable effluent limitations guideline either directly limits the pollutant or, by its express terms, indirectly limits the pollutant through limitations on an indicator, the applicant must report quantitative data. For every pollutant discharged which is not so limited in an effluent limitations guideline, the applicant must either report quantitative data or briefly describe the reasons the pollutant is expected to be discharged.

(2) g. Each applicant must indicate whether it knows or has reason to believe that any of the pollutants listed in Table II or Table III of 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix D (the toxic pollutants and total phenols) for which quantitative data are not otherwise required under subdivision 7 e of this subsection, is discharged from each outfall. For every pollutant expected to be discharged in concentrations of 10 ppb or greater the applicant must report quantitative data. For acrolein, acrylonitrile, 2,4 dinitrophenol, and 2-methyl-4,6 dinitrophenol, where any of these four pollutants are expected to be discharged in concentrations of 100 ppb or greater the applicant must report quantitative data. For every pollutant expected to be discharged in concentrations less than 10 ppb, or in the case of acrolein, acrylonitrile, 2,4 dinitrophenol, and 2-methyl-4,6 dinitrophenol, in concentrations less than 100 ppb, the applicant must either submit quantitative data or briefly describe the reasons the pollutant is expected to be discharged. An applicant qualifying as a small business under subdivision 8 of this subsection is not required to analyze for pollutants listed in Table II of 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix D (the organic toxic pollutants).

g. h. Each applicant must indicate whether it knows or has reason to believe that any of the pollutants in Table V of 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix D (certain hazardous substances and asbestos) are discharged from each outfall. For every pollutant expected to be discharged, the applicant must briefly describe the reasons the pollutant is expected to be discharged, and report any quantitative data it has for any pollutant.

h. i. Each applicant must report qualitative data, generated using a screening procedure not calibrated with analytical standards, for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) if it:

(1) Uses or manufactures 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4,5,-T); 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) propanoic acid (Silvex, 2,4,5,-TP); 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) ethyl, 2,2-dichloropropionate (Erbon); O,O-dimethyl O-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) phosphorothioate (Ronnel); 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (TCP); or hexachlorophene (HCP); or

(2) Knows or has reason to believe that TCDD is or may be present in an effluent.

8. An applicant which qualifies as a small business under one of the following criteria is exempt from the requirements in subdivision 7 e (1) or 7 f (1) of this subsection to submit quantitative data for the pollutants listed in Table II of 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix D (the organic toxic pollutants):

a. For coal mines, a probable total annual production of less than 100,000 tons per year; or

b. For all other applicants, gross total annual sales averaging less than $100,000 per year (in second quarter 1980 dollars).

9. A listing of any toxic pollutant which the applicant currently uses or manufactures as an intermediate or final product or byproduct. The board may waive or modify this requirement for any applicant if the applicant demonstrates that it would be unduly burdensome to identify each toxic pollutant and the board has adequate information to issue the permit.

10. Reserved.

11. An identification of any biological toxicity tests which the applicant knows or has reason to believe have been made within the last three years on any of the applicant's discharges or on a receiving water in relation to a discharge.

12. If a contract laboratory or consulting firm performed any of the analyses required by subdivision 7 of this subsection, the identity of each laboratory or firm and the analyses performed.

13. In addition to the information reported on the application form, applicants shall provide to the board, at its request, such other information, including pertinent plans, specifications, maps and such other relevant information as may be required, in scope and details satisfactory to the board, as the board may reasonably require to assess the discharges of the facility and to determine whether to issue a VPDES permit. The additional information may include additional quantitative data and bioassays to assess the relative toxicity of discharges to aquatic life and requirements to determine the cause of the toxicity.

H. I. Application requirements for manufacturing, commercial, mining and silvicultural facilities which discharge only nonprocess wastewater. Except for storm water discharges, all manufacturing, commercial, mining and silvicultural dischargers applying for VPDES permits which discharge only nonprocess wastewater not regulated by an effluent limitations guideline or new source performance standard shall provide the following information to the department using application forms provided by the department:

1. Outfall number, latitude and longitude to the nearest 15 seconds, and the name of the receiving water;

2. Date of expected commencement of discharge;

3. An identification of the general type of waste discharged, or expected to be discharged upon commencement of operations, including sanitary wastes, restaurant or cafeteria wastes, or noncontact cooling water. An identification of cooling water additives (if any) that are used or expected to be used upon commencement of operations, along with their composition if existing composition is available;

4. a. Quantitative data for the pollutants or parameters listed below, unless testing is waived by the board. The quantitative data may be data collected over the past 365 days, if they remain representative of current operations, and must include maximum daily value, average daily value, and number of measurements taken. The applicant must collect and analyze samples in accordance with 40 CFR Part 136. Grab samples must be used for pH, temperature, oil and grease, total residual chlorine, and fecal coliform. For all other pollutants, 24-hour composite samples must be used. New dischargers must include estimates for the pollutants or parameters listed below instead of actual sampling data, along with the source of each estimate. All levels must be reported or estimated as concentration and as total mass, except for flow, pH, and temperature.

(1) Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅).

(2) Total suspended solids (TSS).

(3) Fecal coliform (if believed present or if sanitary waste is or will be discharged).

(4) Total residual chlorine (if chlorine is used).

(5) Oil and grease.

(6) Chemical oxygen demand (COD) (if noncontact cooling water is or will be discharged).

(7) Total organic carbon (TOC) (if noncontact cooling water is or will be discharged).

(8) Ammonia (as N).

(9) Discharge flow.

(10) pH.

(11) Temperature (winter and summer).

b. The board may waive the testing and reporting requirements for any of the pollutants or flow listed in subdivision 4 a of this subsection if the applicant submits a request for such a waiver before or with his application which demonstrates that information adequate to support issuance of a permit can be obtained through less stringent requirements.

c. If the applicant is a new discharger, he must submit the information required in subdivision 4 a of this subsection by providing quantitative data in accordance with that section no later than two years after commencement of discharge. However, the applicant need not submit testing results which he has already performed and reported under the discharge monitoring requirements of his VPDES permit.

d. The requirements of subdivisions 4 a and 4 c of this subsection that an applicant must provide quantitative data or estimates of certain pollutants do not apply to pollutants present in a discharge solely as a result of their presence in intake water. However, an applicant must report such pollutants as present. Net credit may be provided for the presence of pollutants in intake water if the requirements of 9VAC25-31-230 G are met;

5. A description of the frequency of flow and duration of any seasonal or intermittent discharge (except for storm water run-off, leaks, or spills);

6. A brief description of any treatment system used or to be used;

7. Any additional information the applicant wishes to be considered, such as influent data for the purpose of obtaining net credits pursuant to 9VAC25-31-230 G;

8. Signature of certifying official under 9VAC25-31-110; and

9. Pertinent plans, specifications, maps and such other relevant information as may be required, in scope and details satisfactory to the board.

I. J. Application requirements for new and existing concentrated animal feeding operations and aquatic animal production facilities. New and existing concentrated animal feeding operations and concentrated aquatic animal production facilities shall provide the following information to the department, using the application form provided by the department:

1. For concentrated animal feeding operations:

a. The name of the owner or operator;

b. The facility location and mailing address;

c. Latitude and longitude of the production area (entrance to the production area);

d. A topographic map of the geographic area in which the CAFO is located showing the specific location of the production area, in lieu of the requirements of subdivision F 7 of this section;

e. Specific information about the number and type of animals, whether in open confinement or housed under roof (beef cattle, broilers, layers, swine weighing 55 pounds or more, swine weighing less than 55 pounds, mature dairy cows, dairy heifers, veal calves, sheep and lambs, horses, ducks, turkeys, other);

f. The type of containment and storage (anaerobic lagoon, roofed storage shed, storage ponds, underfloor pits, above ground storage tanks, below ground storage tanks, concrete pad, impervious soil pad, other) and total capacity for manure, litter, and process wastewater storage (tons/gallons);

g. The total number of acres under control of the applicant available for land application of manure, litter, or process wastewater;

h. Estimated amounts of manure, litter, and process wastewater generated per year (tons/gallons); and

i. For CAFOs required to seek coverage under a permit after December 31, 2009, a nutrient management plan that at a minimum satisfies the requirements specified in subsection E of 9VAC25-31-200 and subdivision C 9 of 9VAC25-31-130, including, for all CAFOs subject to 40 CFR Part 412 Subpart C or Subpart D, the requirements of 40 CFR 412.4(c), as applicable.

2. For concentrated aquatic animal production facilities:

a. The maximum daily and average monthly flow from each outfall;

b. The number of ponds, raceways, and similar structures;

c. The name of the receiving water and the source of intake water;

d. For each species of aquatic animals, the total yearly and maximum harvestable weight;

e. The calendar month of maximum feeding and the total mass of food fed during that month; and

f. Pertinent plans, specifications, maps and such other relevant information as may be required, in scope and details satisfactory to the board.

J. K. Application requirements for new and existing POTWs and treatment works treating domestic sewage. Unless otherwise indicated, all POTWs and other dischargers designated by the board must provide to the department, at a minimum, the information in this subsection using an application form provided by the department. Permit applicants must submit all information available at the time of permit application. The information may be provided by referencing information previously submitted to the department. The board may waive any requirement of this subsection if it has access to substantially identical information. The board may also waive any requirement of this subsection that is not of material concern for a specific permit, if approved by the regional administrator. The waiver request to the regional administrator must include the board's justification for the waiver. A regional administrator's disapproval of the board's proposed waiver does not constitute final agency action but does provide notice to the board and permit applicant(s) that the EPA may object to any board-issued permit issued in the absence of the required information.

1. All applicants must provide the following information:

a. Name, mailing address, and location of the facility for which the application is submitted;

b. Name, mailing address, and telephone number of the applicant and indication as to whether the applicant is the facility's owner, operator, or both;

c. Identification of all environmental permits or construction approvals received or applied for (including dates) under any of the following programs:

(1) Hazardous Waste Management program under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), Subpart C;

(2) Underground Injection Control program under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA);

(3) NPDES program under the Clean Water Act (CWA);

(4) Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) program under the Clean Air Act;

(5) Nonattainment program under the Clean Air Act;

(6) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS) preconstruction approval under the Clean Air Act;

(7) Ocean dumping permits under the Marine Protection Research and Sanctuaries Act;

(8) Dredge or fill permits under § 404 of the CWA; and

(9) Other relevant environmental permits, including state permits;

d. The name and population of each municipal entity served by the facility, including unincorporated connector districts. Indicate whether each municipal entity owns or maintains the collection system and whether the collection system is separate sanitary or combined storm and sanitary, if known;

e. Information concerning whether the facility is located in Indian country and whether the facility discharges to a receiving stream that flows through Indian country;

f. The facility's design flow rate (the wastewater flow rate the plant was built to handle), annual average daily flow rate, and maximum daily flow rate for each of the previous three years;

g. Identification of type(s) of collection system(s) used by the treatment works (i.e., separate sanitary sewers or combined storm and sanitary sewers) and an estimate of the percent of sewer line that each type comprises; and

h. The following information for outfalls to surface waters and other discharge or disposal methods:

(1) For effluent discharges to surface waters, the total number and types of outfalls (e.g., treated effluent, combined sewer overflows, bypasses, constructed emergency overflows);

(2) For wastewater discharged to surface impoundments:

(a) The location of each surface impoundment;

(b) The average daily volume discharged to each surface impoundment; and

(c) Whether the discharge is continuous or intermittent;

(3) For wastewater applied to the land:

(a) The location of each land application site;

(b) The size of each land application site, in acres;

(c) The average daily volume applied to each land application site, in gallons per day; and

(d) Whether land application is continuous or intermittent;

(4) For effluent sent to another facility for treatment prior to discharge:

(a) The means by which the effluent is transported;

(b) The name, mailing address, contact person, and phone number of the organization transporting the discharge, if the transport is provided by a party other than the applicant;

(c) The name, mailing address, contact person, phone number, and VPDES permit number (if any) of the receiving facility; and

(d) The average daily flow rate from this facility into the receiving facility, in millions of gallons per day; and

(5) For wastewater disposed of in a manner not included in subdivisions 1 h (1) through (4) of this subsection (e.g., underground percolation, underground injection):

(a) A description of the disposal method, including the location and size of each disposal site, if applicable;

(b) The annual average daily volume disposed of by this method, in gallons per day; and

(c) Whether disposal through this method is continuous or intermittent;

2. All applicants with a design flow greater than or equal to 0.1 mgd must provide the following information:

a. The current average daily volume of inflow and infiltration, in gallons per day, and steps the facility is taking to minimize inflow and infiltration;

b. A topographic map (or other map if a topographic map is unavailable) extending at least one mile beyond property boundaries of the treatment plant, including all unit processes, and showing:

(1) Treatment plant area and unit processes;

(2) The major pipes or other structures through which wastewater enters the treatment plant and the pipes or other structures through which treated wastewater is discharged from the treatment plant. Include outfalls from bypass piping, if applicable;

(3) Each well where fluids from the treatment plant are injected underground;

(4) Wells, springs, and other surface water bodies listed in public records or otherwise known to the applicant within 1/4 mile of the treatment works' property boundaries;

(5) Sewage sludge management facilities (including on-site treatment, storage, and disposal sites); and

(6) Location at which waste classified as hazardous under RCRA enters the treatment plant by truck, rail, or dedicated pipe;

c. Process flow diagram or schematic.

(1) A diagram showing the processes of the treatment plant, including all bypass piping and all backup power sources or redundancy in the system. This includes a water balance showing all treatment units, including disinfection, and showing daily average flow rates at influent and discharge points, and approximate daily flow rates between treatment units; and

(2) A narrative description of the diagram; and

d. The following information regarding scheduled improvements:

(1) The outfall number of each outfall affected;

(2) A narrative description of each required improvement;

(3) Scheduled or actual dates of completion for the following:

(a) Commencement of construction;

(b) Completion of construction;

(c) Commencement of discharge; and

(d) Attainment of operational level; and

(4) A description of permits and clearances concerning other federal or state requirements;

3. Each applicant must provide the following information for each outfall, including bypass points, through which effluent is discharged, as applicable:

a. The following information about each outfall:

(1) Outfall number;

(2) State, county, and city or town in which outfall is located;

(3) Latitude and longitude, to the nearest second;

(4) Distance from shore and depth below surface;

(5) Average daily flow rate, in million gallons per day;

(6) The following information for each outfall with a seasonal or periodic discharge:

(a) Number of times per year the discharge occurs;

(b) Duration of each discharge;

(c) Flow of each discharge; and

(d) Months in which discharge occurs; and

(7) Whether the outfall is equipped with a diffuser and the type (e.g., high-rate) of diffuser used.

b. The following information, if known, for each outfall through which effluent is discharged to surface waters:

(1) Name of receiving water;

(2) Name of watershed/river/stream system and United States Soil Conservation Service 14-digit watershed code;

(3) Name of State Management/River Basin and United States Geological Survey 8-digit hydrologic cataloging unit code; and

(4) Critical flow of receiving stream and total hardness of receiving stream at critical low flow (if applicable).

c. The following information describing the treatment provided for discharges from each outfall to surface waters:

(1) The highest level of treatment (e.g., primary, equivalent to secondary, secondary, advanced, other) that is provided for the discharge for each outfall and:

(a) Design biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅ or CBOD₅) removal (percent);

(b) Design suspended solids (SS) removal (percent); and, where applicable;

(c) Design phosphorus (P) removal (percent);

(d) Design nitrogen (N) removal (percent); and

(e) Any other removals that an advanced treatment system is designed to achieve.

(2) A description of the type of disinfection used, and whether the treatment plant dechlorinates (if disinfection is accomplished through chlorination).

4. Effluent monitoring for specific parameters.

a. As provided in subdivisions 4 b through j 4 k of this subsection, all applicants must submit to the department effluent monitoring information for samples taken from each outfall through which effluent is discharged to surface waters, except for CSOs. The board may allow applicants to submit sampling data for only one outfall on a case-by-case basis, where the applicant has two or more outfalls with substantially identical effluent. The board may also allow applicants to composite samples from one or more outfalls that discharge into the same mixing zone.

b. All applicants must sample and analyze for the following pollutants:

(1) Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅ or CBOD₅);

(2) Fecal coliform;

(3) Design flow rate;

(4) pH;

(5) Temperature; and

(6) Total suspended solids.

c. All applicants with a design flow greater than or equal to 0.1 mgd must sample and analyze for the following pollutants:

(1) Ammonia (as N);

(2) Chlorine (total residual, TRC);

(3) Dissolved oxygen;

(4) Nitrate/Nitrite;

(5) Kjeldahl nitrogen;

(6) Oil and grease;

(7) Phosphorus; and

(8) Total dissolved solids.

d. Facilities that do not use chlorine for disinfection, do not use chlorine elsewhere in the treatment process, and have no reasonable potential to discharge chlorine in their effluent may delete chlorine.

d. e. All POTWs with a design flow rate equal to or greater than one million gallons per day, all POTWs with approved pretreatment programs or POTWs required to develop a pretreatment program, and other POTWs, as required by the board must sample and analyze for the pollutants listed in Table 2 of 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix J, and for any other pollutants for which the board or EPA have established water quality standards applicable to the receiving waters.

e. f. The board may require sampling for additional pollutants, as appropriate, on a case-by-case basis.

f. g. Applicants must provide data from a minimum of three samples taken within 4-1/2 years prior to the date of the permit application. Samples must be representative of the seasonal variation in the discharge from each outfall. Existing data may be used, if available, in lieu of sampling done solely for the purpose of this application. The board may require additional samples, as appropriate, on a case-by-case basis.

g. h. All existing data for pollutants specified in subdivisions 4 b through e 4 f of this subsection that is collected within 4-1/2 years of the application must be included in the pollutant data summary submitted by the applicant. If, however, the applicant samples for a specific pollutant on a monthly or more frequent basis, it is only necessary, for such pollutant, to summarize all data collected within one year of the application.

h. i. Applicants must collect samples of effluent and analyze such samples for pollutants in accordance with analytical methods approved under 40 CFR Part 136 unless an alternative is specified in the existing VPDES permit. Grab samples must be used for pH, temperature, cyanide, total phenols, residual chlorine, oil and grease, and fecal coliform. For all other pollutants, 24-hour composite samples must be used. For a composite sample, only one analysis of the composite of aliquots is required.

i. j. The effluent monitoring data provided must include at least the following information for each parameter:

(1) Maximum daily discharge, expressed as concentration or mass, based upon actual sample values;

(2) Average daily discharge for all samples, expressed as concentration or mass, and the number of samples used to obtain this value;

(3) The analytical method used; and

(4) The threshold level (i.e., method detection limit, minimum level, or other designated method endpoints) for the analytical method used.

j. k. Unless otherwise required by the board, metals must be reported as total recoverable.

5. Effluent monitoring for whole effluent toxicity.

a. All applicants must provide an identification of any whole effluent toxicity tests conducted during the 4-1/2 years prior to the date of the application on any of the applicant's discharges or on any receiving water near the discharge.

b. As provided in subdivisions 5 c through i of this subsection, the following applicants must submit to the department the results of valid whole effluent toxicity tests for acute or chronic toxicity for samples taken from each outfall through which effluent is discharged to surface waters, except for combined sewer overflows:

(1) All POTWs with design flow rates greater than or equal to one million gallons per day;

(2) All POTWs with approved pretreatment programs or POTWs required to develop a pretreatment program;

(3) Other POTWs, as required by the board, based on consideration of the following factors:

(a) The variability of the pollutants or pollutant parameters in the POTW effluent (based on chemical-specific information, the type of treatment plant, and types of industrial contributors);

(b) The ratio of effluent flow to receiving stream flow;

(c) Existing controls on point or nonpoint sources, including total maximum daily load calculations for the receiving stream segment and the relative contribution of the POTW;

(d) Receiving stream characteristics, including possible or known water quality impairment, and whether the POTW discharges to a coastal water, or a water designated as an outstanding natural resource water; or

(e) Other considerations (including, but not limited to, the history of toxic impacts and compliance problems at the POTW) that the board determines could cause or contribute to adverse water quality impacts.

c. Where the POTW has two or more outfalls with substantially identical effluent discharging to the same receiving stream segment, the board may allow applicants to submit whole effluent toxicity data for only one outfall on a case-by-case basis. The board may also allow applicants to composite samples from one or more outfalls that discharge into the same mixing zone.

d. Each applicant required to perform whole effluent toxicity testing pursuant to subdivision 5 b of this subsection must provide:

(1) Results of a minimum of four quarterly tests for a year, from the year preceding the permit application; or

(2) Results from four tests performed at least annually in the 4-1/2 year period prior to the application, provided the results show no appreciable toxicity using a safety factor determined by the board.

e. Applicants must conduct tests with multiple species (no less than two species, e.g., fish, invertebrate, plant) and test for acute or chronic toxicity, depending on the range of receiving water dilution. The board recommends that applicants conduct acute or chronic testing based on the following dilutions: (i) acute toxicity testing if the dilution of the effluent is greater than 100:1 at the edge of the mixing zone or (ii) chronic toxicity testing if the dilution of the effluent is less than or equal to 100:1 at the edge of the mixing zone.

f. Each applicant required to perform whole effluent toxicity testing pursuant to subdivision 5 b of this subsection must provide the number of chronic or acute whole effluent toxicity tests that have been conducted since the last permit reissuance.

g. Applicants must provide the results using the form provided by the department, or test summaries if available and comprehensive, for each whole effluent toxicity test conducted pursuant to subdivision 5 b of this subsection for which such information has not been reported previously to the department.

h. Whole effluent toxicity testing conducted pursuant to subdivision 5 b of this subsection must be conducted using methods approved under 40 CFR Part 136, as directed by the board.

i. For whole effluent toxicity data submitted to the department within 4-1/2 years prior to the date of the application, applicants must provide the dates on which the data were submitted and a summary of the results.

j. Each POTW required to perform whole effluent toxicity testing pursuant to subdivision 5 b of this subsection must provide any information on the cause of toxicity and written details of any toxicity reduction evaluation conducted, if any whole effluent toxicity test conducted within the past 4-1/2 years revealed toxicity.

6. Applicants must submit the following information about industrial discharges to the POTW:

a. Number of significant industrial users (SIUs) and categorical industrial users (CIUs) discharging to the POTW; and

b. POTWs with one or more SIUs shall provide the following information for each SIU, as defined in 9VAC25-31-10, that discharges to the POTW:

(1) Name and mailing address;

(2) Description of all industrial processes that affect or contribute to the SIU's discharge;

(3) Principal products and raw materials of the SIU that affect or contribute to the SIU's discharge;

(4) Average daily volume of wastewater discharged, indicating the amount attributable to process flow and nonprocess flow;

(5) Whether the SIU is subject to local limits;

(6) Whether the SIU is subject to categorical standards and, if so, under which category and subcategory; and

(7) Whether any problems at the POTW (e.g., upsets, pass through, interference) have been attributed to the SIU in the past 4-1/2 years.

c. The information required in subdivisions 6 a and b of this subsection may be waived by the board for POTWs with pretreatment programs if the applicant has submitted either of the following that contain information substantially identical to that required in subdivisions 6 a and b of this subsection:

(1) An annual report submitted within one year of the application; or

(2) A pretreatment program.

7. Discharges from hazardous waste generators and from waste cleanup or remediation sites. POTWs receiving Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), or RCRA Corrective Action wastes or wastes generated at another type of cleanup or remediation site must provide the following information:

a. If the POTW receives, or has been notified that it will receive, by truck, rail, or dedicated pipe any wastes that are regulated as RCRA hazardous wastes pursuant to 40 CFR Part 261, the applicant must report the following:

(1) The method by which the waste is received (i.e., whether by truck, rail, or dedicated pipe); and

(2) The hazardous waste number and amount received annually of each hazardous waste.

b. If the POTW receives, or has been notified that it will receive, wastewaters that originate from remedial activities, including those undertaken pursuant to CERCLA and § 3004(u) or 3008(h) of RCRA, the applicant must report the following:

(1) The identity and description of the site or facility at which the wastewater originates;

(2) The identities of the wastewater's hazardous constituents, as listed in Appendix VIII of 40 CFR Part 261, if known; and

(3) The extent of treatment, if any, the wastewater receives or will receive before entering the POTW.

c. Applicants are exempt from the requirements of subdivision 7 b of this subsection if they receive no more than 15 kilograms per month of hazardous wastes, unless the wastes are acute hazardous wastes as specified in 40 CFR 261.30(d) and 261.33(e).

8. Each applicant with combined sewer systems must provide the following information:

a. The following information regarding the combined sewer system:

(1) A map indicating the location of the following:

(a) All CSO discharge points;

(b) Sensitive use areas potentially affected by CSOs (e.g., beaches, drinking water supplies, shellfish beds, sensitive aquatic ecosystems, and outstanding national resource waters); and

(c) Waters supporting threatened and endangered species potentially affected by CSOs; and

(2) A diagram of the combined sewer collection system that includes the following information:

(a) The location of major sewer trunk lines, both combined and separate sanitary;

(b) The locations of points where separate sanitary sewers feed into the combined sewer system;

(c) In-line and off-line storage structures;

(d) The locations of flow-regulating devices; and

(e) The locations of pump stations.

b. The following information for each CSO discharge point covered by the permit application:

(1) The following information on each outfall:

(a) Outfall number;

(b) State, county, and city or town in which outfall is located;

(c) Latitude and longitude, to the nearest second;

(d) Distance from shore and depth below surface;

(e) Whether the applicant monitored any of the following in the past year for this CSO: (i) rainfall, (ii) CSO flow volume, (iii) CSO pollutant concentrations, (iv) receiving water quality, or (v) CSO frequency; and

(f) The number of storm events monitored in the past year;

(2) The following information about CSO overflows from each outfall:

(a) The number of events in the past year;

(b) The average duration per event, if available;

(c) The average volume per CSO event, if available; and

(d) The minimum rainfall that caused a CSO event, if available, in the last year;

(3) The following information about receiving waters:

(a) Name of receiving water;

(b) Name of watershed/stream system and the United States Soil Conservation Service watershed (14-digit) code, if known; and

(c) Name of State Management/River Basin and the United States Geological Survey hydrologic cataloging unit (8-digit) code, if known; and

(4) A description of any known water quality impacts on the receiving water caused by the CSO (e.g., permanent or intermittent beach closings, permanent or intermittent shellfish bed closings, fish kills, fish advisories, other recreational loss, or exceedance of any applicable state water quality standard).

9. All applicants must provide the name, mailing address, telephone number, and responsibilities of all contractors responsible for any operational or maintenance aspects of the facility.

10. All applications must be signed by a certifying official in compliance with 9VAC25-31-110.

11. Pertinent plans, specifications, maps and such other relevant information as may be required, in scope and details satisfactory to the board.

K. L. Application requirements for new sources and new discharges. New manufacturing, commercial, mining and silvicultural dischargers applying for VPDES permits (except for new discharges of facilities subject to the requirements of subsection H of this section or new discharges of storm water associated with industrial activity which are subject to the requirements of 9VAC25-31-120 B 1 and this subsection) shall provide the following information to the department, using the application forms provided by the department:

1. The expected outfall location in latitude and longitude to the nearest 15 seconds and the name of the receiving water;

2. The expected date of commencement of discharge;

3. a. Description of the treatment that the wastewater will receive, along with all operations contributing wastewater to the effluent, average flow contributed by each operation, and the ultimate disposal of any solid or liquid wastes not discharged;

b. A line drawing of the water flow through the facility with a water balance as described in subdivision G 2;

c. If any of the expected discharges will be intermittent or seasonal, a description of the frequency, duration and maximum daily flow rate of each discharge occurrence (except for storm water run-off, spillage, or leaks); and

4. If a new source performance standard promulgated under § 306 of the CWA or an effluent limitation guideline applies to the applicant and is expressed in terms of production (or other measure of operation), a reasonable measure of the applicant's expected actual production reported in the units used in the applicable effluent guideline or new source performance standard for each of the first three years. Alternative estimates may also be submitted if production is likely to vary;

5. The requirements in subdivisions H 4 a, b, and c of this section that an applicant must provide estimates of certain pollutants expected to be present do not apply to pollutants present in a discharge solely as a result of their presence in intake water; however, an applicant must report such pollutants as present. Net credits may be provided for the presence of pollutants in intake water if the requirements of 9VAC25-31-230 G are met. All levels (except for discharge flow, temperature, and pH) must be estimated as concentration and as total mass.

a. Each applicant must report estimated daily maximum, daily average, and source of information for each outfall for the following pollutants or parameters. The board may waive the reporting requirements for any of these pollutants and parameters if the applicant submits a request for such a waiver before or with his application which demonstrates that information adequate to support issuance of the permit can be obtained through less stringent reporting requirements.

(1) Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD).

(2) Chemical oxygen demand (COD).

(3) Total organic carbon (TOC).

(4) Total suspended solids (TSS).

(5) Flow.

(6) Ammonia (as N).

(7) Temperature (winter and summer).

(8) pH.

b. Each applicant must report estimated daily maximum, daily average, and source of information for each outfall for the following pollutants, if the applicant knows or has reason to believe they will be present or if they are limited by an effluent limitation guideline or new source performance standard either directly or indirectly through limitations on an indicator pollutant: all pollutants in Table IV of 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix D (certain conventional and nonconventional pollutants).

c. Each applicant must report estimated daily maximum, daily average and source of information for the following pollutants if he knows or has reason to believe that they will be present in the discharges from any outfall:

(1) The pollutants listed in Table III of 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix D (the toxic metals, in the discharge from any outfall, Total cyanide, and total phenols);

(2) The organic toxic pollutants in Table II of 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix D (except bis (chloromethyl) ether, dichlorofluoromethane and trichlorofluoromethane). This requirement is waived for applicants with expected gross sales of less than $100,000 per year for the next three years, and for coal mines with expected average production of less than 100,000 tons of coal per year.

d. The applicant is required to report that 2,3,7,8 Tetrachlorodibenzo-P-Dioxin (TCDD) may be discharged if he uses or manufactures one of the following compounds, or if he knows or has reason to believe that TCDD will or may be present in an effluent:

(1) 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4,5-T) (CAS #93-76-5);

(2) (2) 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) propanoic acid (Silvex, 2,4,5-TP) (CAS #93-72-1);

(3) 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) ethyl 2,2-dichloropropionate (Erbon) (CAS #136-25-4);

(4) 0,0-dimethyl 0-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) phosphorothioate (Ronnel) (CAS #299-84-3);

(5) 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (TCP) (CAS #95-95-4); or

(6) Hexachlorophene (HCP) (CAS #70-30-4);

e. Each applicant must report any pollutants listed in Table V of 40 CFR Part 122 Appendix D (certain hazardous substances) if he believes they will be present in any outfall (no quantitative estimates are required unless they are already available).

f. No later than two years after the commencement of discharge from the proposed facility, the applicant is required to submit the information required in subsection G of this section. However, the applicant need not complete those portions of subsection G of this section requiring tests which he has already performed and reported under the discharge monitoring requirements of his VPDES permit;

6. Each applicant must report the existence of any technical evaluation concerning his wastewater treatment, along with the name and location of similar plants of which he has knowledge;

7. Any optional information the permittee wishes to have considered;

8. Signature of certifying official under 9VAC25-31-110; and

9. Pertinent plans, specifications, maps and such other relevant information as may be required, in scope and details satisfactory to the board.

L. M. Variance requests by non-POTWs. A discharger which is not a publicly owned treatment works (POTW) may request a variance from otherwise applicable effluent limitations under any of the following statutory or regulatory provisions within the times specified in this subsection:

1. Fundamentally different factors.

a. A request for a variance based on the presence of fundamentally different factors from those on which the effluent limitations guideline was based shall be filed as follows:

(1) For a request from best practicable control technology currently available (BPT), by the close of the public comment period for the draft permit; or

(2) For a request from best available technology economically achievable (BAT) and/or best conventional pollutant control technology (BCT), by no later than:

(a) July 3, 1989, for a request based on an effluent limitation guideline promulgated before February 4, 1987, to the extent July 3, 1989, is not later than that provided under previously promulgated regulations; or

(b) 180 days after the date on which an effluent limitation guideline is published in the Federal Register for a request based on an effluent limitation guideline promulgated on or after February 4, 1987.

b. The request shall explain how the requirements of the applicable regulatory or statutory criteria have been met.

2. A request for a variance from the BAT requirements for CWA § 301(b)(2)(F) pollutants (commonly called nonconventional pollutants) pursuant to § 301(c) of the CWA because of the economic capability of the owner or operator, or pursuant to § 301(g) of the CWA (provided however that a § 301(g) variance may only be requested for ammonia; chlorine; color; iron; total phenols (when determined by the Administrator to be a pollutant covered by § 301(b)(2)(F) of the CWA) and any other pollutant which the administrator lists under § 301(g)(4) of the CWA) must be made as follows:

a. For those requests for a variance from an effluent limitation based upon an effluent limitation guideline by:

(1) Submitting an initial request to the regional administrator, as well as to the department, stating the name of the discharger, the permit number, the outfall number(s), the applicable effluent guideline, and whether the discharger is requesting a §§ 301(c) or 301(g) of the CWA modification, or both. This request must have been filed not later than 270 days after promulgation of an applicable effluent limitation guideline; and

(2) Submitting a completed request no later than the close of the public comment period for the draft permit demonstrating that: (i) all reasonable ascertainable issues have been raised and all reasonably available arguments and materials supporting their position have been submitted; and (ii) that the applicable requirements of 40 CFR Part 125 have been met. Notwithstanding this provision, the complete application for a request under § 301(g) of the CWA shall be filed 180 days before EPA must make a decision (unless the Regional Division Director establishes a shorter or longer period); or

b. For those requests for a variance from effluent limitations not based on effluent limitation guidelines, the request need only comply with subdivision 2 a (2) of this subsection and need not be preceded by an initial request under subdivision 2 a (1) of this subsection.

3. A modification under § 302(b)(2) of the CWA of requirements under § 302(a) of the CWA for achieving water quality related effluent limitations may be requested no later than the close of the public comment period for the draft permit on the permit from which the modification is sought.

4. A variance for alternate effluent limitations for the thermal component of any discharge must be filed with a timely application for a permit under this section, except that if thermal effluent limitations are established on a case-by-case basis or are based on water quality standards the request for a variance may be filed by the close of the public comment period for the draft permit. A copy of the request shall be sent simultaneously to the department.

M. N. Variance requests by POTWs. A discharger which is a publicly owned treatment works (POTW) may request a variance from otherwise applicable effluent limitations under any of the following statutory provisions as specified in this paragraph:

1. A request for a modification under § 301(h) of the CWA of requirements of § 301(b)(1)(B) of the CWA for discharges into marine waters must be filed in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR Part 125, Subpart G.

2. A modification under § 302(b)(2) of the CWA of the requirements under § 302(a) of the CWA for achieving water quality based effluent limitations shall be requested no later than the close of the public comment period for the draft permit on the permit from which the modification is sought.

N. O. Expedited variance procedures and time extensions.

1. Notwithstanding the time requirements in subsections L M and M N of this section, the board may notify a permit applicant before a draft permit is issued that the draft permit will likely contain limitations which are eligible for variances. In the notice the board may require the applicant as a condition of consideration of any potential variance request to submit a request explaining how the requirements of 40 CFR Part 125 applicable to the variance have been met and may require its submission within a specified reasonable time after receipt of the notice. The notice may be sent before the permit application has been submitted. The draft or final permit may contain the alternative limitations which may become effective upon final grant of the variance.

2. A discharger who cannot file a timely complete request required under subdivisions L 2 a (2) or L 2 b M 2 a (2) or M 2 b of this section may request an extension. The extension may be granted or denied at the discretion of the board. Extensions shall be no more than six months in duration.

O. P. Recordkeeping. Except for information required by subdivision C 2 D 2 of this section, which shall be retained for a period of at least five years from the date the application is signed (or longer as required by Part VI (9VAC25-31-420 et seq.) of this chapter), applicants shall keep records of all data used to complete permit applications and any supplemental information submitted under this section for a period of at least three years from the date the application is signed.

P. Q. Sewage sludge management. All TWTDS subject to subdivision C 2 a D 2 a of this section must provide the information in this subsection to the department using an application form approved by the department. New applicants must submit all information available at the time of permit application. The information may be provided by referencing information previously submitted to the department. The board may waive any requirement of this subsection if it has access to substantially identical information. The board may also waive any requirement of this subsection that is not of material concern for a specific permit, if approved by the regional administrator. The waiver request to the regional administrator must include the board's justification for the waiver. A regional administrator's disapproval of the board's proposed waiver does not constitute final agency action, but does provide notice to the board and the permit applicant that the EPA may object to any board issued permit issued in the absence of the required information.

1. All applicants must submit the following information:

a. The name, mailing address, and location of the TWTDS for which the application is submitted;

b. Whether the facility is a Class I Sludge Management Facility;

c. The design flow rate (in million gallons per day);

d. The total population served;

e. The TWTDS's status as federal, state, private, public, or other entity;

f. The name, mailing address, and telephone number of the applicant; and

g. Indication whether the applicant is the owner, operator, or both.

2. All applicants must submit the facility's VPDES permit number, if applicable, and a listing of all other federal, state, and local permits or construction approvals received or applied for under any of the following programs:

a. Hazardous Waste Management program under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA);

b. UIC program under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA);

c. NPDES program under the Clean Water Act (CWA);

d. Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) program under the Clean Air Act;

e. Nonattainment program under the Clean Air Act;

f. National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS) preconstruction approval under the Clean Air Act;

g. Dredge or fill permits under § 404 of the CWA;

h. Other relevant environmental permits, including state or local permits.

3. All applicants must identify any generation, treatment, storage, land application of biosolids, or disposal of sewage sludge that occurs in Indian country.

4. All applicants must submit a topographic map (or other map if a topographic map is unavailable) extending one mile beyond property boundaries of the facility and showing the following information:

a. All sewage sludge management facilities, including on-site treatment, storage, and disposal sites; and

b. Wells, springs, and other surface water bodies that are within 1/4 mile of the property boundaries and listed in public records or otherwise known to the applicant.

5. All applicants must submit a line drawing and/or a narrative description that identifies all sewage sludge management practices employed during the term of the permit, including all units used for collecting, dewatering, storing, or treating sewage sludge; the destination(s) of all liquids and solids leaving each such unit; and all processes used for pathogen reduction and vector attraction reduction.

6. All applicants must submit an odor control plan that contains at minimum:

a. Methods used to minimize odor in producing biosolids;

b. Methods used to identify malodorous biosolids before land application (at the generating facility);

c. Methods used to identify and abate malodorous biosolids that have been delivered to the field, prior to land application; and

d. Methods used to abate malodor from biosolids if land applied.

6. 7. The applicant must submit sewage sludge biosolids monitoring data for the pollutants for which limits in sewage sludge biosolids have been established in Part VI (9VAC25-31-420 et seq.) of this chapter for the applicant's use or disposal practices on the date of permit application with the following conditions:

a. When applying for authorization to land apply a biosolids source not previously included in a VPDES or Virginia Pollution Abatement Permit, the biosolids shall be sampled and analyzed for PCBs. The sample results shall be submitted with the permit application or request to add the source.

a. b. The board may require sampling for additional pollutants, as appropriate, on a case-by-case basis.

b. c. Applicants must provide data from a minimum of three samples taken within 4-1/2 years prior to the date of the permit application. Samples must be representative of the sewage sludge biosolids and should be taken at least one month apart. Existing data may be used in lieu of sampling done solely for the purpose of this application.

c. d. Applicants must collect and analyze samples in accordance with analytical methods specified in 9VAC25-31-490 [ unless an alternative has been specified in an existing ] sewage sludge [ biosolids use permit. Samples for PCB analysis shall be collected and analyzed in accordance with EPA Method 1668 B., 40 CFR Part 503 (March 26, 2007) and 40 CFR Part 136 (March 26, 2007). ]

d. e. The monitoring data provided must include at least the following information for each parameter:

(1) Average monthly concentration for all samples (mg/kg dry weight), based upon actual sample values;

(2) The analytical method used; and

(3) The method detection level.

7. 8. If the applicant is a person who prepares biosolids or sewage sludge, as defined in 9VAC25-31-500, the applicant must provide the following information:

a. If the applicant's facility generates biosolids or sewage sludge, the total dry metric tons per 365-day period generated at the facility.

b. If the applicant's facility receives biosolids or sewage sludge from another facility, the following information for each facility from which biosolids or sewage sludge is received:

(1) The name, mailing address, and location of the other facility;

(2) The total dry metric tons per 365-day period received from the other facility; and

(3) A description of any treatment processes occurring at the other facility, including blending activities and treatment to reduce pathogens or vector attraction characteristics.

c. If the applicant's facility changes the quality of biosolids or sewage sludge through blending, treatment, or other activities, the following information:

(1) Whether the Class A pathogen reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A or the Class B pathogen reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 B are met, and a description of any treatment processes used to reduce pathogens in sewage sludge;

(2) Whether any of the vector attraction reduction options of 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through 8 are met, and a description of any treatment processes used to reduce vector attraction properties in sewage sludge; and

(3) A description of any other blending, treatment, or other activities that change the quality of sewage sludge.

d. If sewage sludge biosolids from the applicant's facility meets the ceiling concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B [ Table ] 1, the pollutant concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B [ Table ] 3, the Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A, and one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through 8, and if the sewage sludge biosolids is applied to the land, the applicant must provide the total dry metric tons per 365-day period of sewage sludge subject to this subsection that is applied to the land.

e. If sewage sludge biosolids from the applicant's facility is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land, and the sewage sludge biosolids is not subject to subdivision 7 8 d of this subsection, the applicant must provide the following information:

(1) The total dry metric tons per 365-day period of sewage sludge biosolids subject to this subsection that is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land; and

(2) A copy of all labels or notices that accompany the sewage sludge biosolids being sold or given away.

f. If biosolids or sewage sludge from the applicant's facility is provided to another person who prepares sewage sludge, biosolids, as defined in 9VAC25-31-500, and the sewage sludge biosolids is not subject to subdivision 7 8 d of this subsection, the applicant must provide the following information for each facility receiving the biosolids or sewage sludge:

(1) The name and mailing address of the receiving facility;

(2) The total dry metric tons per 365-day period of biosolids or sewage sludge subject to this subsection that the applicant provides to the receiving facility;

(3) A description of any treatment processes occurring at the receiving facility, including blending activities and treatment to reduce pathogens or vector attraction characteristic;

(4) A copy of the notice and necessary information that the applicant is required to provide the receiving facility under 9VAC25-31-530 G; and

(5) If the receiving facility places sewage sludge biosolids in bags or containers for sale or give-away to for application to the land, a copy of any labels or notices that accompany the sewage sludge biosolids.

8. 9. If sewage sludge biosolids from the applicant's facility is applied to the land in bulk form and is not subject to subdivision 7 8 d, e, or f of this subsection, the applicant must provide the following information:

a. [ Written permission of landowners on the most current form approved by the board.

b. ] The total dry metric tons per 365-day period of sewage sludge biosolids subject to this subsection that is applied to the land.

[ b. c. ] If any land application sites are located in states other than the state where the sewage sludge biosolids is prepared, a description of how the applicant will notify the permitting authority for the state(s) where the land application sites are located.

[ c. d. ] The following information for each land application site that has been identified at the time of permit application:

(1) The name (if any), DEQ control number, if previously assigned, identifying the land application field or site [ . If a DEQ control number has not been assigned, provide the site identification code used by the permit applicant to report activities ] and the site's location for the land application site;

(2) The site's latitude and longitude [ to the nearest second, in decimal degrees to three decimal places ] and method of determination;

(3) A topographic map (or other map if a topographic map is unavailable) that shows the site's location; A legible topographic map [ and aerial photograph, including legend, ] of proposed application areas to scale as needed to depict the following features:

(a) Property boundaries;

(b) Surface water courses;

(c) Water supply wells and springs;

(d) Roadways;

(e) Rock outcrops;

(f) Slopes;

(g) Frequently flooded areas (National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) designation); [ and

(h) Occupied dwellings within 400 feet of the property boundaries and all existing extended dwelling and property line setback distances;

(i) Publicly accessible properties and occupied buildings within 400 feet of the property boundaries and the associated extended setback distances; and

(j) ] The gross acreage of the fields where biosolids will be applied;

(4) County map or other map of sufficient detail to show general location of the site and proposed transport vehicle haul routes to be utilized from the treatment plant;

(5) County tax maps [ labeled with Tax Parcel ID or IDs ] for each farm to be included in the permit, which may include multiple fields [ , to depict properties within 400 feet of the field boundaries ];

(6) A USDA soil survey map, if available, of proposed sites for land application of biosolids;

(4) (7) The name, mailing address, and telephone number of [ the each ] site owner, if different from the applicant;

(5) (8) The name, mailing address, and telephone number of the person who applies sewage sludge biosolids to the site, if different from the applicant;

(6) (9) Whether the site is agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site, as such site types are defined in 9VAC25-31-500;

(7) (10) The type of vegetation grown on the site, if known, and the nitrogen requirement for this vegetation Description of agricultural practices including a list of proposed crops to be grown;

(8) (11) Whether either of the vector attraction reduction options of 9VAC25-31-720 B 9 or 10 is met at the site, and a description of any procedures employed at the time of use to reduce vector attraction properties in sewage sludge biosolids; and

(12) Pertinent calculations justifying storage and land area requirements for biosolids application including an annual biosolids balance incorporating such factors as precipitation, evapotranspiration, soil percolation rates, wastewater loading, and monthly storage (input and drawdown); and

(9) (13) Other information that describes how the site will be managed, as specified by the board.

[ d. For permit applications proposing frequent application of biosolids, the following additional site information will be necessary:

(1) Information specified (subdivisions 2 a and 4 of this subsection);

(2) Representative soil borings and test pits to a depth of five feet or to bedrock if shallower are to be coordinated for each major soil type and the following tests performed and data collected:

(a) Soil type;

(b) Soil texture for each horizon (USDA classification);

(c) Soil color for each horizon;

(d) Depth from surface to mottling and bedrock if less than two feet;

(e) Depth from surface to subsoil restrictive layer;

(f) Indicated infiltration rate (surface soil); and

(g) Indicated permeability of subsoil restrictive layer.

(3) Additional soil testing in accordance with Table 6 (9VAC25-32-460); and

(4) Ground water monitoring plans for the land treatment area including pertinent geohydrologic data to justify upgradient and downgradient well location and depth. ]

d. e. The following information for each land application site that has been identified at the time of permit application, if the applicant intends to apply bulk sewage sludge biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-31-540 B [ Table ] 2 to the site:

(1) Whether the applicant has contacted the permitting authority in the state where the bulk sewage sludge biosolids subject to 9VAC25-31-540 B [ Table ] 2 will be applied, to ascertain whether bulk sewage sludge biosolids subject to 9VAC25-31-540 B [ Table ] 2 has been applied to the site on or since July 20, 1993, and if so, the name of the permitting authority and the name and phone number of a contact person at the permitting authority; [ and ]

(2) Identification of facilities other than the applicant's facility that have sent, or are sending, sewage sludge biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-31-540 B [ Table ] 2 to the site since July 20, 1993, if, based on the inquiry in subdivision 8 d 9 e (1) of this subsection, bulk sewage sludge biosolids subject to cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-31-540 B [ Table ] 2 has been applied to the site since July 20, 1993.

e. [ f. If not all land application sites have been identified at the time of permit application, the applicant must submit a land application plan that, at a minimum:

(1) Describes the geographical area covered by the plan;

(2) Identifies the site selection criteria;

(3) Describes how the site(s) will be managed;

(4) Provides for advance notice to the board department of specific land application sites ] and reasonable time for the board to object prior to land application of the sewage sludge and to notify persons residing on property bordering such sites for the purpose of receiving written comments from those persons for a period not to exceed 30 days. The department shall, based upon these comments, determine whether additional site-specific requirements should be included in the authorization for land application at the site [ in a manner prescribed by 9VAC25-31-485 D; and

(5) Provides for advance notice of land application sites in a manner prescribed by 9VAC25-31-290. ]

(5) Provides for advance public notice of land application sites in a newspaper of general circulation in the area of the land application site.

A request to increase the acreage authorized by the initial permit by 50% or more shall be treated as a new application for purposes of public notice and public hearings.

10. Biosolids storage facilities not located at the site of the wastewater treatment plant. Plans and specifications for biosolids storage facilities not located at the site of the wastewater treatment plant generating the biosolids, including routine and on-site storage, shall be submitted for issuance of a certificate to construct and a certificate to operate in accordance with the Sewage Collection and Treatment Regulations (9VAC25-790) and shall depict the following information:

a. Site layout on a recent 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle or other appropriate scaled map;

b. Location of any required soil, geologic, and hydrologic test holes or borings;

c. Location of the following field features within 0.25 miles of the site boundary (indicate on map) with the approximate distances from the site boundary:

(1) Water wells (operating or abandoned);

(2) Surface waters;

(3) Springs;

(4) Public water supplies;

(5) Sinkholes;

(6) Underground and surface mines;

(7) Mine pool (or other) surface water discharge points;

(8) Mining spoil piles and mine dumps;

(9) Quarries;

(10) Sand and gravel pits;

(11) Gas and oil wells;

(12) Diversion ditches;

(13) Occupied dwellings, including industrial and commercial establishments;

(14) Landfills and dumps;

(15) Other unlined impoundments;

(16) Septic tanks and drainfields; and

(17) Injection wells;

d. Topographic map (10-foot contour preferred) of sufficient detail to clearly show the following information:

(1) Maximum and minimum percent slopes;

(2) Depressions on the site that may collect water;

(3) Drainage ways that may attribute to rainfall run-on to or run-off from this site; and

(4) Portions of the site, if any, that are located within the 100-year floodplain;

e. Data and specifications for the liner proposed for seepage control;

f. Scaled plan view and cross-sectional view of the facilities showing inside and outside slopes of all embankments and details of all appurtenances;

g. Calculations justifying impoundment capacity; and

h. [ Ground water Groundwater ] monitoring plans for the facilities [ including if required by the department. The groundwater monitoring plan shall include ] pertinent geohydrological data to justify upgradient and downgradient well location and depth.

11. Staging. Generic plans are required for staging of biosolids.

12. A biosolids [ operations ] management plan shall be provided that includes the following minimum site specific information at the time of permit application:

a. A comprehensive, general description of the operation shall be provided, including biosolids source or sources, quantities, flow diagram illustrating treatment works biosolids flows and solids handling units, site description, methodology of biosolids handling for application periods, including storage and nonapplication period storage, and alternative management methods when storage is not provided.

b. A nutrient management plan approved by the Department of Conservation and Recreation [ shall be as ] required for application sites prior to board authorization under the following conditions:

(1) Sites operated by an owner or lessee of a confined animal feeding operation, as defined in subsection A of § 62.1-44.17:1 of the Code of Virginia, or confined poultry feeding operation, as defined in subsection A of § 62.1-44.17:1.1 of the Code of Virginia;

(2) Sites where land application is proposed more frequently than once every three years at greater than 50% of the annual agronomic rate; [ and ]

(3) Mined [ or disturbed ] land sites where land application is proposed at greater than agronomic rates [ .; or

(4) Other sites based on site-specific conditions that increase the risk that land application may adversely impact state waters. ]

13. Biosolids transport.

a. [ Description and specifications on the bed or the tank vehicle General description of transport vehicles to be used ];

b. [ Haul routes to be used from the biosolids generator to the storage unit and land application sites;

c. ] Procedures for biosolids offloading at the biosolids facilities and the land application site together with spill prevention, cleanup (including vehicle cleaning), field reclamation, and emergency spill notification and cleanup measures; and

[ d. c. ] Voucher system used for documentation and recordkeeping.

14. Field operations.

a. Storage.

(1) Routine storage [ at facilities not located at the site of the wastewater treatment plant ] – supernatant handling and disposal, biosolids handling, and loading of transport vehicles, equipment cleaning, freeboard maintenance, and inspections for structural integrity;

(2) On-site storage – procedures for department/board approval and implementation;

(3) Staging – procedures to be followed including either designated site locations provided in the "Design Information" or the specific site criteria for such locations including the liner/cover requirements and the time limit assigned to such use; and

(4) Field [ reclamation reestablishment ] of offloading (staging) areas.

b. Application methodology.

(1) Description and specifications on spreader vehicles;

(2) Procedures for calibrating equipment for various biosolids contents to ensure uniform distribution and appropriate loading rates on a day-to-day basis; and

(3) Procedures used to ensure that operations address the following constraints: application of biosolids to frozen ground, pasture/hay fields, crops for direct human consumption and [ saturate saturated ] or ice-covered or snow-covered ground; [ maintenance buffer zones establishment of setback distances ], slopes, prohibited access for beef and dairy animals, and soil pH requirements; and proper site specific biosolids loading rates on a field-by-field basis.

9. 15. An applicant for a permit authorizing the land application of sewage sludge biosolids shall provide to the department, and to each locality in which the applicant proposes to land apply sewage sludge, biosolids, written evidence of financial responsibility, including both current liability and pollution insurance, or such other evidence of financial responsibility as the board may establish by regulation in an amount not less than $1 million per occurrence, which shall be available to pay claims for cleanup costs, personal injury, bodily injury and property damage resulting from the transport, storage and land application of sewage sludge in Virginia. The aggregate amount of financial liability to be maintained by the applicant shall be $1 million for companies with less than $5 million in annual gross revenue and shall be $2 million for companies with $5 million or more in annual gross revenue. Evidence of financial responsibility shall be provided in accordance with requirements specified in Article 6 (9VAC25-32-770 et seq.) of Part IX [ (9VAC25-32-303 et seq.) ] of the Virginia Pollution Abatement (VPA) Permit Regulation [ . ]

10. 16. If sewage sludge from the applicant's facility is placed on a surface disposal site, the applicant must provide the following information:

a. The total dry metric tons of sewage sludge from the applicant's facility that is placed on surface disposal sites per 365-day period.

b. The following information for each surface disposal site receiving sewage sludge from the applicant's facility that the applicant does not own or operate:

(1) The site name or number, contact person, mailing address, and telephone number for the surface disposal site; and

(2) The total dry metric tons from the applicant's facility per 365-day period placed on the surface disposal site.

c. The following information for each active sewage sludge unit at each surface disposal site that the applicant owns or operates:

(1) The name or number and the location of the active sewage sludge unit;

(2) The unit's latitude and longitude to the nearest second, and method of determination;

(3) If not already provided, a topographic map (or other map if a topographic map is unavailable) that shows the unit's location;

(4) The total dry metric tons placed on the active sewage sludge unit per 365-day period;

(5) The total dry metric tons placed on the active sewage sludge unit over the life of the unit;

(6) A description of any liner for the active sewage sludge unit, including whether it has a maximum permeability of 1 X 10^-7cm/sec;

(7) A description of any leachate collection system for the active sewage sludge unit, including the method used for leachate disposal, and any federal, state, and local permit number(s) for leachate disposal;

(8) If the active sewage sludge unit is less than 150 meters from the property line of the surface disposal site, the actual distance from the unit boundary to the site property line;

(9) The remaining capacity (dry metric tons) for the active sewage sludge unit;

(10) The date on which the active sewage sludge unit is expected to close, if such a date has been identified;

(11) The following information for any other facility that sends sewage sludge to the active sewage sludge unit:

(a) The name, contact person, and mailing address of the facility; and

(b) Available information regarding the quality of the sewage sludge received from the facility, including any treatment at the facility to reduce pathogens or vector attraction characteristics;

(12) Whether any of the vector attraction reduction options of 9VAC25-31-720 B 9 through 11 is met at the active sewage sludge unit, and a description of any procedures employed at the time of disposal to reduce vector attraction properties in sewage sludge;

(13) The following information, as applicable to any [ groundwater ground water ] monitoring occurring at the active sewage sludge unit:

(a) A description of any [ groundwater ground water ] monitoring occurring at the active sewage sludge unit;

(b) Any available [ groundwater ground water ] monitoring data, with a description of the well locations and approximate depth to [ groundwater ground water ];

(c) A copy of any [ groundwater ground water ] monitoring plan that has been prepared for the active sewage sludge unit;

(d) A copy of any certification that has been obtained from a qualified [ groundwater ground water ] scientist that the aquifer has not been contaminated; and

(14) If site-specific pollutant limits are being sought for the sewage sludge placed on this active sewage sludge unit, information to support such a request.

11. 17. If sewage sludge from the applicant's facility is fired in a sewage sludge incinerator, the applicant must provide the following information:

a. The total dry metric tons of sewage sludge from the applicant's facility that is fired in sewage sludge incinerators per 365-day period.

b. The following information for each sewage sludge incinerator firing the applicant's sewage sludge that the applicant does not own or operate:

(1) The name and/or number, contact person, mailing address, and telephone number of the sewage sludge incinerator; and

(2) The total dry metric tons from the applicant's facility per 365-day period fired in the sewage sludge incinerator.

12. 18. If sewage sludge from the applicant's facility is sent to a municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF), the applicant must provide the following information for each MSWLF to which sewage sludge is sent:

a. The name, contact person, mailing address, location, and all applicable permit numbers of the MSWLF;

b. The total dry metric tons per 365-day period sent from this facility to the MSWLF;

c. A determination of whether the sewage sludge meets applicable requirements for disposal of sewage sludge in a MSWLF, including the results of the paint filter liquids test and any additional requirements that apply on a site-specific basis; and

d. Information, if known, indicating whether the MSWLF complies with criteria set forth in the Solid Waste Management Regulations, 9VAC20-81.

13. 19. All applicants must provide the name, mailing address, telephone number, and responsibilities of all contractors responsible for any operational or maintenance aspects of the facility related to biosolids or sewage sludge generation, treatment, use, or disposal.

14. 20. At the request of the board, the applicant must provide any other information necessary to determine the appropriate standards for permitting under Part VI (9VAC25-31-420 et seq.) of this chapter, and must provide any other information necessary to assess the sewage sludge biosolids use and sewage sludge disposal practices, determine whether to issue a permit, or identify appropriate permit requirements; and pertinent plans, specifications, maps and such other relevant information as may be required, in scope and details satisfactory to the board.

15. 21. All applications must be signed by a certifying official in compliance with 9VAC25-31-110.

Q. R. Applications for facilities with cooling water intake structures.

1. Application requirements. New facilities with new or modified cooling water intake structures. New facilities with cooling water intake structures as defined in 9VAC25-31-165 must report the information required under subdivisions 2, 3, and 4 of this subsection and under 9VAC25-31-165. Requests for alternative requirements under 9VAC25-31-165 must be submitted with the permit application.

2. Source water physical data. These include:

a. A narrative description and scaled drawings showing the physical configuration of all source water bodies used by the facility, including area dimensions, depths, salinity and temperature regimes, and other documentation that supports the determination of the water body type where each cooling water intake structure is located;

b. Identification and characterization of the source water body's hydrological and geomorphologic features, as well as the methods used to conduct any physical studies to determine the intake's area of influence within the water body and the results of such studies; and

c. Location maps.

3. Cooling water intake structure data. These include:

a. A narrative description of the configuration of each cooling water intake structure and where it is located in the water body and in the water column;

b. Latitude and longitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds for each cooling water intake structure;

c. A narrative description of the operation of each cooling water intake structure, including design intake flow, daily hours of operation, number of days of the year in operation and seasonal changes, if applicable;

d. A flow distribution and water balance diagram that includes all sources of water to the facility, recirculation flows and discharges; and

e. Engineering drawings of the cooling water intake structure.

4. Source water baseline biological characterization data. This information is required to characterize the biological community in the vicinity of the cooling water intake structure and to characterize the operation of the cooling water intake structures. The department may also use this information in subsequent permit renewal proceedings to determine if the design and construction technology plan as required in 9VAC25-31-165 should be revised. This supporting information must include existing data if available. Existing data may be supplemented with data from newly conducted field studies. The information must include:

a. A list of the data in subdivisions 4 b through 4 f of this subsection that is not available and efforts made to identify sources of the data;

b. A list of species (or relevant taxa) for all life stages and their relative abundance in the vicinity of the cooling water intake structure;

c. Identification of the species and life stages that would be most susceptible to impingement and entrainment. Species evaluated should include the forage base as well as those most important in terms of significance to commercial and recreational fisheries;

d. Identification and evaluation of the primary period of reproduction, larval recruitment, and period of peak abundance for relevant taxa;

e. Data representative of the seasonal and daily activities (e.g., feeding and water column migration) of biological organisms in the vicinity of the cooling water intake structure;

f. Identification of all threatened, endangered, and other protected species that might be susceptible to impingement and entrainment at the cooling water intake structures;

g. Documentation of any public participation or consultation with federal or state agencies undertaken in development of the plan; and

h. If information requested in subdivision 4 of this subsection is supplemented with data collected using field studies, supporting documentation for the source water baseline biological characterization must include a description of all methods and quality assurance procedures for sampling, and data analysis including a description of the study area; taxonomic identification of sampled and evaluated biological assemblages (including all life stages of fish and shellfish); and sampling and data analysis methods. The sampling and/or data analysis methods used must be appropriate for a quantitative survey and based on consideration of methods used in other biological studies performed within the same source water body. The study area should include, at a minimum, the area of influence of the cooling water intake structure.

Note 1: Until further notice subdivision G 7 e (1) of this section and the corresponding portions of the VPDES application Form 2C are suspended as they apply to coal mines.

Note 2: Until further notice subdivision G 7 e (1) of this section and the corresponding portions of Item V-C of the VPDES application Form 2C are suspended as they apply to:

a. Testing and reporting for all four organic fractions in the Greige Mills Subcategory of the Textile Mills industry (subpart C-Low water use processing of 40 CFR Part 410), and testing and reporting for the pesticide fraction in all other subcategories of this industrial category.

b. Testing and reporting for the volatile, base/neutral and pesticide fractions in the Base and Precious Metals Subcategory of the Ore Mining and Dressing industry (subpart B of 40 CFR Part 440), and testing and reporting for all four fractions in all other subcategories of this industrial category.

c. Testing and reporting for all four GC/MS fractions in the Porcelain Enameling industry.

Note 3: Until further notice subdivision G 7 e (1) of this section and the corresponding portions of Item V-C of the VPDES application Form 2C are suspended as they apply to:

a. Testing and reporting for the pesticide fraction in the Tall Oil Rosin Subcategory (subpart D) and Rosin-Based Derivatives Subcategory (subpart F) of the Gum and Wood Chemicals industry (40 CFR Part 454), and testing and reporting for the pesticide and base-neutral fractions in all other subcategories of this industrial category.

b. Testing and reporting for the pesticide fraction in the leather tanning and finishing, paint and ink formulation, and photographic supplies industrial categories.

c. Testing and reporting for the acid, base/neutral and pesticide fractions in the petroleum refining industrial category.

d. Testing and reporting for the pesticide fraction in the Papergrade Sulfite Subcategories (subparts J and U) of the Pulp and Paper industry (40 CFR Part 430); testing and reporting for the base/neutral and pesticide fractions in the following subcategories: Deink (subpart Q), Dissolving Kraft (subpart F), and Paperboard from Waste Paper (subpart E); testing and reporting for the volatile, base/neutral and pesticide fractions in the following subcategories: BCT Bleached Kraft (subpart H), Semi-Chemical (subparts B and C), and Nonintegrated-Fine Papers (subpart R); and testing and reporting for the acid, base/neutral, and pesticide fractions in the following subcategories: Fine Bleached Kraft (subpart I), Dissolving Sulfite Pulp (subpart K), Groundwood-Fine Papers (subpart O), Market Bleached Kraft (subpart G), Tissue from Wastepaper (subpart T), and Nonintegrated-Tissue Papers (subpart S).

e. Testing and reporting for the base/neutral fraction in the Once-Through Cooling Water, Fly Ash and Bottom Ash Transport Water process wastestreams of the Steam Electric Power Plant industrial category.

Part IV
Public Involvement

9VAC25-31-260. Draft permits.

A. Once an application is complete, the board shall tentatively decide whether to prepare a draft permit or to deny the application.

B. If the board tentatively decides to deny the permit application, the owner shall be advised of that decision and of the changes necessary to obtain approval. The owner may withdraw the application prior to board action. If the application is not withdrawn or modified to obtain the tentative approval to issue, the board shall provide public notice and opportunity for a public hearing prior to board action on the application.

C. If the board tentatively decides to issue a VPDES general permit, a draft general permit shall be prepared under subsection D of this section.

D. If the board decides to prepare a draft permit, the draft permit shall contain the following information:

1. All conditions under 9VAC25-31-190 and 9VAC25-31-210;

2. All compliance schedules under 9VAC25-31-250;

3. All monitoring requirements under 9VAC25-31-220; and

4. Effluent limitations, standards, prohibitions, standards for biosolids use or sewage sludge use or disposal, and conditions under 9VAC25-31-190, 9VAC25-31-200, 9VAC25-31-220, and Part VI (9VAC25-31-370 et seq.), and all variances that are to be included.

9VAC25-31-280. Fact sheet.

A. A fact sheet shall be prepared for every draft permit for a major VPDES facility or activity, for every Class I sludge management facility, for every VPDES general permit, for every VPDES draft permit that incorporates a variance or requires an explanation under subsection B 8 of this section, for every draft permit that includes a sewage sludge biosolids land application [ plan ] under [ 9VAC25-31-100 C 2 9VAC25-31-100 D 2 ], and for every draft permit which the board finds is the subject of wide-spread public interest or raises major issues. The fact sheet shall briefly set forth the principal facts and the significant factual, legal, methodological and policy questions considered in preparing the draft permit. The board shall send this fact sheet to the applicant and, on request, to any other person.

B. The fact sheet shall include, when applicable:

1. A brief description of the type of facility or activity which is the subject of the draft permit;

2. The type and quantity of wastes, fluids, or pollutants which are proposed to be or are being treated, stored, disposed of, injected, emitted, or discharged;

3. A brief summary of the basis for the draft permit conditions including references to applicable statutory or regulatory provisions;

4. Reasons why any requested variances or alternatives to required standards do or do not appear justified;

5. A description of the procedures for reaching a final decision on the draft permit including:

a. The beginning and ending dates of the comment period for the draft permit and the address where comments will be received;

b. Procedures for requesting a public hearing and the nature of that hearing; and

c. Any other procedures by which the public may participate in the final decision;

6. Name and telephone number of a person to contact for additional information;

7. Any calculations or other necessary explanation of the derivation of specific effluent limitations and conditions or standards for biosolids use or sewage sludge use or disposal, including a citation to the applicable effluent limitation guideline, performance standard, or standard for biosolids use or sewage sludge use or disposal and reasons why they are applicable or an explanation of how the alternate effluent limitations were developed;

8. When the draft permit contains any of the following conditions, an explanation of the reasons why such conditions are applicable:

a. Limitations to control toxic pollutants;

b. Limitations on internal waste streams;

c. Limitations on indicator pollutants;

d. Technology-based or sewage sludge disposal limitations set on a case-by-case basis;

e. Limitations to meet the criteria for permit issuance under 9VAC25-31-50; or

f. Waivers from monitoring requirements granted under 9VAC25-31-220 A;

9. For every permit to be issued to a treatment works owned by a person other than a state or municipality, an explanation of the [ board"s board's ] decision on regulation of users;

10. When appropriate, a sketch or detailed description of the location of the discharge or regulated activity described in the application; [ and ]

[ 11. For permits that include a sewage sludge biosolids land application plan under 9VAC25-31-100 P 8 e, a brief description of how each of the required elements of the land application plan are addressed in the permit; and

12. 11. ] Justification of waiver of any application requirements under 9VAC25-31-100 J or P.

9VAC25-31-290. Public notice of permit actions and public comment period.

A. Scope.

1. The board department shall give public notice that the following actions have occurred:

a. A draft permit has been prepared under 9VAC25-31-260 D;

b. A public hearing has been scheduled under 9VAC25-31-310; or

c. A VPDES new source determination has been made under 9VAC25-31-180.

2. No public notice is required when a request for permit modification, revocation and reissuance, or termination is denied under 9VAC25-31-370 B. Written notice of that denial shall be given to the requester and to the permittee.

3. Public notice shall not be required for submission or approval of plans and specifications or conceptual engineering reports not required to be submitted as part of the application.

3. 4. Public notices may describe more than one permit or permit actions.

B. Timing.

1. Public notice of the preparation of a draft permit required under subsection A of this section shall allow at least 30 days for public comment.

2. Public notice of a public hearing shall be given at least 30 days before the hearing. (Public notice of the hearing may be given at the same time as public notice of the draft permit and the two notices may be combined.)

C. Methods. Public notice of activities described in subdivision A 1 of this section shall be given by the following methods:

1. By mailing a copy of a notice to the following persons (any person otherwise entitled to receive notice under this subdivision may waive his or her rights to receive notice for any classes and categories of permits):

a. The applicant (except for VPDES general permits when there is no applicant);

b. Any other agency which the board department knows has issued or is required to issue a VPDES, sludge biosolids management permit;

c. Federal and state agencies with jurisdiction over fish, shellfish, and wildlife resources and over coastal zone management plans, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, State Historic Preservation Officers, including any affected states (Indian Tribes);

d. Any state agency responsible for plan development under § 208(b)(2), [ § ] 208(b)(4) or § 303(e) of the CWA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service;

e. Any user identified in the permit application of a privately owned treatment works;

f. Persons on a mailing list developed by:

(1) Including those who request in writing to be on the list;

(2) Soliciting persons for area lists from participants in past permit proceedings in that area; and

(3) Notifying the public of the opportunity to be put on the mailing list through periodic publication in the public press and in such publications as EPA regional and state funded newsletters, environmental bulletins, or state law journals. (The board department may update the mailing list from time to time by requesting written indication of continued interest from those listed. The board department may delete from the list the name of any person who fails to respond to such a request.);

g. (1) Any unit of local government having jurisdiction over the area where the facility is proposed to be located; and

(2) h. Each state agency having any authority under state law with respect to the construction or operation of such facility;

2. Except for permits for concentrated animal feeding operations as defined in 9VAC25-31-10 or designated in accordance with 9VAC25-31-130 B, by publication once a week for two successive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the area affected by the discharge. The cost of public notice shall be paid by the owner; and

3. Any other method reasonably calculated to give actual notice of the action in question to the persons potentially affected by it, including press releases or any other forum or medium to elicit public participation.

D. Contents.

1. All public notices issued under this part shall contain the following minimum information:

a. Name and address of the office processing the permit action for which notice is being given;

b. Name and address of the permittee or permit applicant and, if different, of the facility or activity regulated by the permit, except in the case of VPDES draft general permits;

c. A brief description of the business conducted at the facility or activity described in the permit application or the draft permit, for VPDES general permits when there is no application;

d. Name, address and telephone number of a person from whom interested persons may obtain further information, including copies of the draft permit or draft general permit, as the case may be, statement of basis or fact sheet, and the application;

e. A brief description of the procedures for submitting comments and the time and place of any public hearing that will be held, including a statement of procedures to request a public hearing (unless a hearing has already been scheduled) and other procedures by which the public may participate in the final permit decision;

f. A general description of the location of each existing or proposed discharge point and the name of the receiving water and the [ sludge biosolids ] use and [ sewage sludge ] disposal practice or practices and the location of each sludge treatment works treating domestic sewage and use or disposal sites known at the time of permit application. For draft general permits, this requirement will be satisfied by a map or description of the permit area;

g. Requirements applicable to cooling water intake structures under § 316 of the CWA, in accordance with 9VAC25-31-165; and

h. Any additional information considered necessary or proper.

2. In addition to the general public notice described in subdivision 1 of this subsection, the public notice of a public hearing under 9VAC25-31-310 shall contain the following information:

a. Reference to the date of previous public notices relating to the permit;

b. Date, time, and place of the public hearing;

c. A brief description of the nature and purpose of the public hearing, including the applicable rules and procedures; and

d. A concise statement of the issues raised by the persons requesting the public hearing.

3. Public notice of a VPDES draft permit for a discharge where a request for alternate thermal effluent limitations has been filed shall include:

a. A statement that the thermal component of the discharge is subject to effluent limitations incorporated in 9VAC25-31-30 and a brief description, including a quantitative statement, of the thermal effluent limitations proposed under § 301 or § 306 of the CWA;

b. A statement that an alternate thermal effluent limitation request has been filed and that alternative less stringent effluent limitations may be imposed on the thermal component of the discharge under the law and § 316(a) of the CWA and a brief description, including a quantitative statement, of the alternative effluent limitations, if any, included in the request; and

c. If the applicant has filed an early screening request for a CWA § 316(a) variance, a statement that the applicant has submitted such a plan.

E. In addition to the general public notice described in subdivision D 1 of this section, all persons identified in subdivisions C 1 a, b, c, and d of this section shall be mailed a copy of the fact sheet or statement of basis, the permit application (if any) and the draft permit (if any).

F. Upon receipt of an application for the issuance of a new or modified permit other than those for agricultural production or aquacultural production activities, the board department shall:

1. Notify, in writing, the locality wherein the discharge or, as applicable, the associated land application of sewage sludge biosolids, or land disposal of treated sewage, stabilized sewage sludge or stabilized septage does or is proposed to take place of, at a minimum:

a. The name of the applicant;

b. The nature of the application and proposed discharge;

c. The availability and timing of any comment period; and

d. Upon request, any other information known to, or in the possession of, the board or the department regarding the applicant not required to be held confidential by this chapter.

2. Establish a date for a public meeting to discuss technical issues relating to proposals for land application of sewage sludge, or land disposal of treated sewage, stabilized sewage sludge or stabilized septage. The department shall give notice of the date, time, and place of the public meeting and a description of the proposal by publication in a newspaper of general circulation in the city or county where the proposal is to take place. Public notice of the scheduled meeting shall occur no fewer than seven or more than 14 days prior to the meeting. The board shall not issue the permit until the public meeting has been held and comment has been received from the local governing body, or until 30 days have lapsed from the date of the public meeting.

3. 2. Except for land application of sewage sludge biosolids or land disposal of treated sewage, stabilized sewage sludge or stabilized septage, make a good faith effort to provide this same notice and information to (i) each locality and riparian property owner to a distance one-quarter mile downstream and one-quarter mile upstream or to the fall line whichever is closer on tidal waters and (ii) each locality and riparian property owner to a distance one-half mile downstream on nontidal waters. Distances shall be measured from the point, or proposed point, of discharge. If the receiving river at the point or proposed point of discharge is two miles wide or greater, the riparian property owners on the opposite shore need not be notified. Notice to property owners shall be based on names and addresses taken from local tax rolls. Such names and addresses shall be provided by the commissioners of the revenue or the tax assessor's office of the affected jurisdictions upon request by the board.

4. For a site that is to be added to an existing permit authorizing land application of sewage sludge, notify persons residing on property bordering such site and receive written comments from those persons for a period not to exceed 30 days. Based upon the written comments, the department shall determine whether additional site-specific requirements should be included in the authorization for land application at the site.

G. Whenever the department receives an application for a new permit for land application of biosolids or land disposal of treated sewage, stabilized sewage sludge, or stabilized septage, or an application to reissue with the addition of sites increasing acreage by 50% or more of that authorized by the initial permit, the department shall establish a date for a public meeting to discuss technical issues relating to proposals for land application of biosolids or land disposal of treated sewage, stabilized sewage sludge, or stabilized septage. The department shall give notice of the date, time, and place of the public meeting and a description of the proposal by publication in a newspaper of general circulation in the city or county where the proposal is to take place. Public notice of the scheduled meeting shall occur no fewer than seven or more than 14 days prior to the meeting. The department shall not issue the permit until the public meeting has been held and comment has been received from the local governing body or until 30 days have lapsed from the date of the public meeting.

H. Following the submission of an application for a new permit for land application of biosolids or land disposal of treated sewage, stabilized sewage sludge, or stabilized septage, [ DEQ the department ] shall [ make a good faith effort to ] notify or cause to be notified persons residing on property bordering the sites that contain the proposed land application fields. This notification shall be in a manner selected by the department. For the purposes of this subsection, "site" means all contiguous land under common ownership, but which may contain more than one tax parcel.

I. Following the submission of an application to add a site that is not contiguous to sites included in an existing permit authorizing the land application of biosolids:

1. The department shall notify persons residing on property bordering such site and shall receive written comments from those persons for a period of 30 days. Based upon written comments, the department shall determine whether additional site-specific requirements should be included in the authorization for land application at the site.

2. An application for any permit amendment to increase the acreage authorized by the initial permit by 50% or more shall be considered a major modification and shall be treated as a new application for purposes of public notice and public hearings. The increase in acreage for the purpose of determining the need for the public meeting is the sum of all acreage that has been added to the permit since the last public meeting, plus that proposed to be added.

G. J. Before issuing any permit, if the [ board department ] finds that there are localities particularly affected by the permit, the [ board department ] shall:

1. Publish, or require the applicant to publish, a notice in a local paper of general circulation in the localities affected at least 30 days prior to the close of any public comment period. Such notice shall contain a statement of the estimated local impact of the proposed permit, which at a minimum shall include information on the specific pollutants involved and the total quantity of each which may be discharged; and.

2. Mail the notice to the chief elected official and chief administrative officer and planning district commission for those localities.

Written 3. Accept written comments shall be accepted by the board for [ at least up to ] 15 days after any public hearing on the permit, unless the [ board votes department decides ] to shorten the period. For the purposes of this section, the term "locality particularly affected" means any locality which bears any identified disproportionate material water quality impact which would not be experienced by other localities.

4. For the purposes of this section, consider the term "locality particularly affected" to mean any locality that bears any identified disproportionate material water quality impact that would not be experienced by other localities.

9VAC25-31-390. Modification or revocation and reissuance of permits.

A. Causes for modification. The following are causes for modification but not revocation and reissuance of permits except when the permittee requests or agrees.

1. There are material and substantial alterations or additions to the permitted facility or activity (including a change or changes in the permittee's sludge use or disposal practice) which occurred after permit issuance which justify the application of permit conditions that are different or absent in the existing permit.

2. The department has received new information. Permits may be modified during their terms for this cause only if the information was not available at the time of permit issuance (other than revised regulations, guidance, or test methods) and would have justified the application of different permit conditions at the time of issuance. For VPDES general permits this cause includes any information indicating that cumulative effects on the environment are unacceptable. For new source or new discharger VPDES permits this cause shall include any significant information derived from effluent testing required on the permit application after issuance of the permit.

3. The standards or regulations on which the permit was based have been changed by promulgation of amended standards or regulations or by judicial decision after the permit was issued. Permits may be modified during their terms for this cause only as follows:

a. For promulgation of amended standards or regulations, when:

(1) The permit condition requested to be modified was based on a promulgated effluent limitation guideline, EPA approved or promulgated water quality standards, or the Secondary Treatment Regulations incorporated by reference in 9VAC25-31-30; and

(2) EPA has revised, withdrawn, or modified that portion of the regulation or effluent limitation guideline on which the permit condition was based, or has approved a state action with regard to a water quality standard on which the permit condition was based; and

(3) A permittee requests modification in accordance with this chapter within 90 days after Federal Register notice of the action on which the request is based;

b. For judicial decisions, a court of competent jurisdiction has remanded and stayed EPA promulgated regulations or effluent limitation guidelines, if the remand and stay concern that portion of the regulations or guidelines on which the permit condition was based and a request is filed by the permittee in accordance with this chapter within 90 days of judicial remand; or

c. For changes based upon modified state certifications of VPDES permits.

4. The board determines good cause exists for modification of a compliance schedule, such as an act of God, strike, flood, or materials shortage or other events over which the permittee has little or no control and for which there is no reasonably available remedy. However, in no case may a VPDES compliance schedule be modified to extend beyond an applicable CWA statutory deadline.

5. When the permittee has filed a request for a variance pursuant to 9VAC25-31-100 L or M within the time specified in this chapter.

6. When required to incorporate an applicable CWA § 307(a) toxic effluent standard or prohibition.

7. When required by the reopener conditions in a permit which are established under 9VAC25-31-220 B or C or 9VAC25-31-800 E.

8. a. Upon request of a permittee who qualifies for effluent limitations on a net basis under 9VAC25-31-230 G.

b. When a discharger is no longer eligible for net limitations as provided in 9VAC25-31-230 G 1 b.

9. As necessary under 9VAC25-31-800 E for a pretreatment program.

10. Upon failure to notify another state whose waters may be affected by a discharge.

11. When the level of discharge of any pollutant which is not limited in the permit exceeds the level which can be achieved by the technology-based treatment requirements appropriate to the permittee.

12. To establish a notification level as provided in 9VAC25-31-220 F.

13. To modify a schedule of compliance to reflect the time lost during construction of an innovative or alternative facility, in the case of a POTW which has received a grant under § 202(a)(3) of the CWA for 100% of the costs to modify or replace facilities constructed with a grant for innovative and alternative wastewater technology under § 202(a)(2) of the CWA. In no case shall the compliance schedule be modified to extend beyond an applicable CWA statutory deadline for compliance.

14. To correct technical mistakes, such as errors in calculation, or mistaken interpretations of law made in determining permit conditions.

15. When the discharger has installed the treatment technology considered by the permit writer in setting effluent limitations imposed under the law and § 402(a)(1) of the CWA and has properly operated and maintained the facilities but nevertheless has been unable to achieve those effluent limitations. In this case, the limitations in the modified permit may reflect the level of pollutant control actually achieved (but shall not be less stringent than required by a subsequently promulgated effluent limitations guideline).

[ 16. When required by a permit condition to incorporate a land application plan for beneficial reuse of sewage sludge biosolids, to revise an existing land application plan, or to add a land application plan. ]

B. Causes for modification or revocation and reissuance. The following are causes to modify or, alternatively, revoke and reissue a permit:

1. Cause exists for termination under 9VAC25-31-410, and the board determines that modification or revocation and reissuance is appropriate; or

2. The department has received notification of a proposed transfer of the permit. A permit also may be modified to reflect a transfer after the effective date of an automatic transfer but will not be revoked and reissued after the effective date of the transfer except upon the request of the new permittee.

Part VI
Standards for the Use of Biosolids or Disposal of Sewage Sludge

Article 1
General Requirements

9VAC25-31-420. Purpose and applicability.

A. This part establishes standards, which consist of general requirements, pollutant limits, management practices, and operational standards, for the final use of biosolids or disposal of sewage sludge generated during the treatment of domestic sewage in a treatment works. Standards are included in this part for sewage sludge biosolids applied to the land or sewage sludge placed on a surface disposal site. Also included in this part are pathogen and alternative vector attraction reduction requirements for sewage sludge biosolids applied to the land or sewage sludge placed on a surface disposal site.

B. In addition, the standards in this part include the frequency of monitoring and recordkeeping requirements when sewage sludge biosolids is applied to the land or sewage sludge is placed on a surface disposal site. Also included in this part are reporting requirements for Class I sludge management facilities, publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) with a design flow rate equal to or greater than one million gallons per day, and POTWs that serve 10,000 people or more.

B. C. Applicability.

1. This part applies to any person who prepares sewage sludge or biosolids, or applies sewage sludge biosolids to the land and to the owner/operator of a surface disposal site.

2. This part applies to sewage sludge biosolids applied to the land or sewage sludge placed on a surface disposal site.

3. This part applies to land where sewage sludge biosolids is applied and to a surface disposal site.

9VAC25-31-440. Permits and direct enforceability.

A. The requirements in this part may be implemented through a permit issued to a treatment works treating domestic sewage, in accordance with this chapter. Treatment works treating domestic sewage shall submit a permit application in accordance with this chapter.

B. No person shall use biosolids or dispose of sewage sludge through any practice for which requirements are established in this part except in accordance with such requirements.

[ C. No person shall land apply Class B biosolids on any land in Virginia unless that land has been identified in an application to issue, reissue, or modify a permit and approved by the board.

D. No person shall land apply, market, or distribute biosolids in Virginia unless the biosolids source has been approved by the board. ]

9VAC25-31-460. Additional or more stringent requirements.

A. On a case-by-case basis, the board may impose requirements for the use of biosolids or disposal of sewage sludge in addition to or more stringent than the requirements in this part when necessary to protect public health and the environment from any adverse effect of a pollutant in the biosolids or sewage sludge.

B. Nothing in this part precludes [ the authority of ] another state agency [ with responsibility for regulating biosolids or sewage sludge or, ] any political subdivision of Virginia [ , ] or an interstate agency [ from imposing requirements for the use of biosolids or disposal of sewage sludge more stringent than the requirements in this part or from imposing additional requirements for with respect to ] the use of biosolids or disposal of sewage sludge.

C. For sewage sludge biosolids land application where, because of site-specific conditions, including soil type, identified during the permit application review process, the department determines that special requirements are necessary to protect the environment or the health, safety or welfare of persons residing in the vicinity of a proposed land application site, the department may incorporate in the permit at the time it is issued reasonable special conditions regarding [ buffering setback distances ], transportation routes, slope, material source, methods of handling and application, and time of day restrictions exceeding those required by this regulation. The permit applicant shall have at least 14 days in which to review and respond to the proposed conditions.

9VAC25-31-475. Local enforcement of [ sewage sludge biosolids ] regulations.

A. In the event of a dispute concerning the existence of a violation between a permittee and a locality that has adopted a local ordinance for testing and monitoring of the land application of sewage sludge and a permittee concerning the existence of a violation biosolids, the activity alleged to be in violation shall be halted pending a determination by the director. The decision of the director shall be final and binding unless reversed on judicial appeal pursuant to § 2.2-4026 of the Code of Virginia. If the activity is not halted, the director may seek an injunction compelling the halting of the activity from a court having jurisdiction.

B. Upon determination by the director that there has been a violation of § 62.1-44.19:3, 62.1-44.19:3.1 or 62.1-44.19:3.3 of the Code of Virginia, or of any regulation promulgated under those sections, and that such violation poses an imminent threat to public health, safety or welfare, the department shall commence appropriate action to abate the violation and immediately notify the chief administrative officer of any locality potentially affected by the violation.

C. Local governments shall promptly notify the department of all results from the testing and monitoring of the land application of sewage sludge biosolids performed by persons employed by local governments and any violation of § 62.1-44.19:3, 62.1-44.19:3.1, or 62.1-44.19:3.3 of the Code of Virginia.

D. Localities Local governments receiving complaints concerning land application of sewage sludge biosolids shall notify the department and the permit holder within 24 hours of receiving the complaint.

9VAC25-31-480. Requirement Requirements for a person who prepares biosolids or sewage sludge.

A. Any person who prepares biosolids shall ensure that the applicable requirements in this part are met when biosolids is applied to the land.

B. Any person who prepares sewage sludge shall ensure that the applicable requirements in this part are met when the sewage sludge is applied to the land, or placed on a surface disposal site.

9VAC25-31-485. Requirements for [ permittees a person ] who land [ apply applies ] sewage sludge biosolids.

A. [ Any person who land applies sewage sludge biosolids authorized by a VPDES permit shall be certified in accordance with requirements No person shall land apply biosolids pursuant to a permit issued in accordance with this regulation unless an individual holding a valid certificate of competence as ] specified in the Virginia Pollution Abatement Permit Regulation (9VAC25-32), Article 5, Certification of Land Applicators, as set forth in 9VAC25-32-690 through 9VAC25-32-760 [ , is onsite at all times during such land application ].

B. Persons authorized to land apply sewage sludge under a VPDES permit shall report all complaints received by them to the department and the local governing body of the jurisdiction in which the complaint originates.

B. When an application for a permit that authorizes the land application of biosolids is submitted to the department:

1. Permit holders shall use a [ unique control number assigned by the department as an identifier for fields permitted for land application. DEQ control number, if previously assigned, identifying each land application field. If a DEQ control number has not been assigned, provide the site identification code used by the permit applicant to report activities and the site's location. ]

2. A written agreement shall be established between the landowner and permit applicant or permit holder to be submitted with the permit application, whereby the landowner shall consent to the application of biosolids on his property [ and certify that no concurrent agreements are in effect for the fields to be permitted for biosolids application ]. The landowner agreement shall include [ an acknowledgment by the landowner of any site restrictions identified in the permit. The responsibility for obtaining and maintaining the agreements lies with the permit holder.:

(a) A statement certifying that the landowner is the sole owner or one of multiple owners of the property or properties identified on the landowner agreements;

(b) A statement certifying that no concurrent agreements are in effect for the fields to be permitted for biosolids application;

(c) An acknowledgement that the landowner shall notify the permittee when land is sold or ownership transferred;

(d) An acknowledgement that the landowner shall notify the permittee if any conditions change such that any component of the landowner agreement becomes invalid;

(e) Permission to allow department staff on the landowner's property to conduct inspections;

(f) An acknowledgement by the landowner of any site restrictions identified in the regulation;

(g) An acknowledgement that the landowner has received a biosolids fact sheet approved by the department; and

(h) An acknowledgement that the landowner shall not remove notification signs placed by the permit holder. ]

3. New [ or revised ] landowner agreements [ , using the most current form provided by the board, ] shall be submitted to the department [ if new land is being added to the permit or if there have been changes in ownership of land included in a permit reissuance request for proposed land application sites identified in each application for issuance or reissuance of a permit or the modification to add land to an existing permit that authorizes the land application of biosolids ].

[ 4. For permits modified in order to incorporate changes to this chapter, the permit holder shall, within 60 days of the effective date of the permit modification, advise the landowner by certified letter of the requirement to provide a new landowner agreement. The letter shall include instructions to the landowner for signing and returning the new landowner agreement and shall advise the landowner that the permit holder's receipt of such new landowner agreement is required prior to application of biosolids to the landowner's property.

5. The responsibility for obtaining and maintaining the agreements lies with the permit holder. ]

C. The permit holder shall ensure that the landowner agreement is still valid at the time of land application.

D. Notification requirements.

C. 1. At least 100 days prior to commencing [ the first ] land application of sewage sludge biosolids at a permitted site the permittee shall deliver or cause to be delivered written notification to the chief executive officer or his designee for the local government where the site is located. The notice shall identify the location of the permitted site and the expected sources of the sewage sludge biosolids to be applied to the site. This requirement may be satisfied by [ the department's notice to the local government at the time of receiving the permit application if all necessary information is included in the notice or by ] providing a list of all available permitted sites in the locality at least 100 days prior to commencing the application at any site on the list. If the site is located in more than one county, the notice shall be provided to all jurisdictions where the site is located.

2. At least 14 days prior to commencing land application of biosolids at a permitted site, the permit holder shall deliver or cause to be delivered written notification to the department and the chief executive officer or designee for the local government where the site is located [ . The notice shall include the following: unless they request in writing not to receive the notice. The notice shall identify the location of the permitted site and the expected sources of the sewage sludge to be applied to the site. ]

[ a. The name, address, and telephone number of the permit holder, including the name of a representative knowledgeable of the permit;

b. Identification by tax map number and the DEQ control number for sites on which land application is to take place;

c. A map indicating haul routes on each site where land application is to take place;

d. The name or title and phone number of at least one individual designated by the permit holder to respond to questions and complaints related to the land application project;

e. The approximate dates on which land application is to begin and end at the site;

f. The name and telephone number of the person or persons at the department to be contacted in connection with the permit; and

g. The name, address, and telephone number of the wastewater treatment facility, or facilities, from which the biosolids will originate, including the name or title of a representative of the treatment facility that is knowledgeable about the land application operation.

If multiple sites are included in the notification, the permit holder shall make a good faith effort to identify the most probable order that land application will commence. ]

D. 3. [ The Not more than 24 hours prior to commencing land application activities, including delivery of biosolids at a permitted site, the ] permittee shall [ deliver or cause to be delivered written notification to notify in writing ] the department as least 14 days prior to commencing land application of sewage sludge at a permitted site. The notice shall identify the location of the permitted site and the expected sources of the sewage sludge to be applied to the site and [ to ] the chief executive officer or designee for the local government where the site is located [ , daily notification prior to commencing planned land application activities. unless they request in writing not to receive the notice. This notification shall include identification of the biosolids source and shall include only sites where land application activities will commence within 24 hours or where the biosolids will be staged within 24 hours. ]

E. The permittee shall provide to the department, and to each locality in which it is permitted to land apply sewage sludge, written evidence of financial responsibility, including both current liability and pollution insurance, or such other evidence of financial responsibility as the board may establish by regulation in an amount not less than $1 million per occurrence, which shall be available to pay claims for cleanup costs, personal injury, bodily injury and property damage resulting from the transport, storage and land application of sewage sludge in Virginia. The aggregate amount of financial liability maintained by the permittee shall be $1 million for companies with less than $5 million in annual gross revenue and shall be $2 million for companies with $5 million or more in annual gross revenue. Evidence of financial responsibility shall be provided in accordance with requirements specified in Article 6 (9VAC25-32-770 et seq.) of Part IX [ (9VAC25-32-303 et seq.) ] of the Virginia Pollution Abatement (VPA) Permit Regulation.

F. Posting signs.

1. At least five business days prior to delivery of biosolids for land application on any site permitted under this regulation, the permit holder shall post signs at the site that comply with this section, are visible and legible from the public right-of-way in both directions of travel, and conform to the specifications [ herein in this subsection ]. The sign shall remain in place for at least five business days after land application has been completed at the site. [ The permit holder shall not remove the signs until at least 30 days after land application has been completed at the site. ]

a. [ A sign shall be posted at or near the intersection of the public right-of-way and the main site access road or driveway to the site used by the biosolids transport vehicles.

b. ] If the [ site field ] is located adjacent to a public right-of-way, [ signs at least one sign ] shall be posted along each [ public ] road frontage beside the field to be land applied.

[ b. If the site is not located adjacent to a public right-of-way, the sign shall be posted at or near the intersection of the public right-of-way and the main site access road or driveway to the site. ]

c. The department may grant a waiver to the requirements in this section, or require alternative posting options due to extenuating circumstances or [ to be consistent where requirements conflict ] with local government ordinances and other requirements regulating the use of signs.

2. [ Upon the posting of signs at a land application site prior to commencing land application, the permittee shall deliver or cause to be delivered written notification to the department and the chief executive officer or designee for the local government where the site is located unless they request in writing not to receive the notice. Notification shall be delivered to the department within 24 hours of the posting of the signs. The notice shall include the following:

a. The name and telephone number of the permit holder, including the name of a representative knowledgeable of the permit;

b. Identification by tax map number and the DEQ control number for sites on which land application is to take place;

c. The name or title and telephone number of at least one individual designated by the permit holder to respond to questions and complaints related to the land application project if not the permit holder identified in subdivision a of this subdivision; and

d. The approximate dates on which land application is to begin and end at the site.

3. ] The sign shall be made of weather-resistant materials and shall be sturdily mounted so as to be capable of remaining in place and legible throughout the period that the sign is required at the site. Signs required by this section shall be temporary, nonilluminated, and four square feet or more in area, and only contain the following information:

a. A statement that biosolids are being land applied at the site;

b. The name [ and telephone number ] of the permit holder [ and the name (or title) and telephone number of an individual designated by the permit holder to respond to complaints and inquiries; and;

c. The telephone number of an individual designated by the permit holder to respond to complaints and inquiries; and ]

[ c. d. ] Contact information for the department, including a telephone number for complaints and inquiries.

[ 3. 4. ] The permit holder shall make a good faith effort to replace or repair any sign that has been removed from a land application site or that has been damaged so as to render any of its required information illegible prior to five business days after completion of land application.

G. [ Operations Biosolids ] management plan.

1. The permit holder shall maintain [ an operations and implement a biosolids ] management plan, which shall consist of three components:

a. The materials, including site booklets, developed and submitted at the time of permit application or permit modification adding a site to the permit in accordance with 9VAC25-31-100 Q;

b. Nutrient management plan for each site, in accordance with 9VAC25-31-505; and

c. Operation and maintenance (O&M) manual, developed and submitted to the department within 90 days of the effective date of the permit.

[ 2. The biosolids management plan and all of its components shall be incorporated as an enforceable part of the permit. ]

[ 2. 3. ] The O&M manual shall include at a minimum:

a. Equipment maintenance and calibration procedures and schedules;

b. Storage facility maintenance procedures and schedules;

c. Sampling schedules for:

(1) Required monitoring; and

(2) Operational control testing;

d. Sample collection, preservation and analysis procedures, including laboratories and methods used; and

e. Instructions for recording and reporting all monitoring activities.

[ 3. 4. ] Current VPDES permit holders who land apply biosolids may use their existing VPDES O&M plan addressing land application to satisfy the requirements of this section if the existing plan addresses all of the required minimum components identified in this section.

H. Handling of complaints.

1. Within 24 hours of receiving notification of a complaint, the permit holder shall commence investigation of the complaint and shall determine whether the complaint is substantive. The permit holder shall confirm receipt of all substantive complaints by phone, email, or facsimile to the department, the chief executive officer or designee for the local government of the jurisdiction in which the complaint originates, and the owner of the treatment facility from which the biosolids originated within 24 hours after receiving the complaint.

2. For the purposes of this section, a substantive complaint shall be deemed to be any complaint alleging a violation of these regulations, state law, or local ordinance; a release of biosolids to state waters or to a public right-of-way or to any location not authorized in the permit; or failure to comply with the nutrient management plan for the land application site.

9VAC25-31-490. Sampling and analysis.

A. Representative samples of sewage sludge biosolids that is applied to the land, or placed on a surface disposal site shall be collected and analyzed.

B. Methods in the materials listed below [ or in 40 CFR Part 136 ] shall be used to analyze samples of sewage sludge biosolids and calculation procedures in the materials shall be used to calculate the percent volatile solids reduction for sewage sludge biosolids.

1. Enteric viruses.

ASTM Designation: D 4994-89, "Standard Practice for Recovery of Viruses From Wastewater Sludges," Annual Book of ASTM Standards: Section 11 - Water and Environmental Technology, ASTM, Philadelphia, PA., 1992.

2. Fecal coliform.

Part 9221 E. or Part 9222 D., "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater," 18th Edition, American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C., 1992.

3. Helminth ova.

Yanko, W.A., "Occurrence of Pathogens in Distribution and Marketing Municipal Sludges," EPA 600/1-87-014, 1987. PB 88-154273/AS, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia.

4. Inorganic pollutants.

"Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods," EPA Publication SW-846, Third Edition as amended by Final Updates I, II, IIA, IIB, III, IIIA, IIIB, IVA and IVB. PB88-239223, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia.

5. Salmonella sp. bacteria.

Part 9260 D., "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater," 18th Edition, American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C., 1992; or

Kenner, B.A. and H.P. Clark, "Detection and enumeration of Salmonella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa," J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 46(9):2163-2171, 1974.

6. Specific oxygen uptake rate.

Part 2710 B., "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater," 18th Edition, American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C., 1992.

7. Total, fixed, and volatile solids.

Part 2540 G., "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater," 18th Edition, American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C., 1992.

8. Percent volatile solids reduction calculation.

"Environmental Regulations and Technology - Control of Pathogens and Vector Attraction in Sewage Sludge," EPA-625/R-92/013, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, Revised July 2003.

9VAC25-31-500. Definitions.

In addition to the definitions given in Part I (9VAC25-31-10 et seq.) of this chapter, the following definitions apply to Part VI (9VAC25-31-420 et seq.) of this chapter. Where the same term is defined in both parts, the definition of Part VI of this chapter applies to the use of the term in Part VI of this chapter.

"Active sewage sludge unit" means a sewage sludge unit that has not closed.

"Aerobic digestion" means the biochemical decomposition of organic matter in sewage sludge into carbon dioxide and water by microorganisms in the presence of air.

"Agricultural land" means land on which a food crop, a feed crop, or a fiber crop is grown. This includes range land and land used as pasture.

"Agronomic rate" means the whole sludge application rate (dry weight basis) designed: (i) to provide the amount of nitrogen needed by the food crop, feed crop, fiber crop, cover crop, or vegetation grown on the land and (ii) to minimize the amount of nitrogen in the sewage sludge biosolids that passes below the root zone of the crop or vegetation grown on the land to the [ groundwater ground water ].

"Anaerobic digestion" means the biochemical decomposition of organic matter in sewage sludge into methane gas and carbon dioxide by microorganisms in the absence of air.

"Annual pollutant loading rate (APLR) [ " ] or "APLR" means the maximum amount of a pollutant that can be applied to a unit area of land during a 365-day period.

"Annual whole sludge application rate (AWSAR)" or "AWSAR" means the maximum amount of sewage sludge biosolids (dry weight basis) that can be applied to a unit area of land during a 365-day period.

"Apply sewage sludge biosolids" or sewage sludge "biosolids applied to the land" means land application of sewage sludge biosolids.

"Aquifer" means a geologic formation, group of geologic formations, or a portion of a geologic formation capable of yielding [ groundwater ground water ] to wells or springs.

"Base flood" means a flood that has a one percent chance of occurring in any given year (i.e., a flood with a magnitude equaled once in 100 years).

[ "Biosolids" means a sewage sludge that has received an established treatment and is managed in a manner to meet the required pathogen control and vector attraction reduction, and contains concentrations of regulated pollutants below the ceiling limits established in 40 CFR Part 503 and 9VAC25-31-540, such that it meets the standards established for use of biosolids for land application, marketing, or distribution in accordance with this regulation. ]

"Bulk sewage sludge" "Bulk biosolids" means sewage sludge biosolids that is are not sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land.

"Class I sludge management facility" means any publicly owned treatment works (POTW) required to have an approved pretreatment program under this chapter and any treatment works treating domestic sewage classified as a Class I sludge management facility by the board because of the potential for its biosolids use or sewage sludge use or disposal practice to affect public health and the environment adversely.

"Contaminate an aquifer" means to introduce a substance that causes the maximum contaminant level for nitrate in the Virginia Water Quality Standards or in 40 CFR 141.62(b) to be exceeded in [ groundwater ground water ] or that causes the existing concentration of nitrate in [ groundwater ground water ] to increase when the existing concentration of nitrate in the [ groundwater ground water ] exceeds the maximum contaminant level for nitrate in the Virginia Water Quality Standards or 40 CFR 141.62(b).

"Cover" means soil or other material used to cover sewage sludge placed on an active sewage sludge unit.

[ "Cover crop" means a small grain crop, such as oats, wheat, or barley, not grown for harvest. ]

"Cumulative pollutant loading rate" means the maximum amount of an inorganic pollutant that can be applied to an area of land.

"Density of microorganisms" means the number of microorganisms per unit mass of total solids (dry weight) in the biosolids or sewage sludge.

"Displacement" means the relative movement of any two sides of a fault measured in any direction.

"Domestic septage" means either liquid or solid material removed from a septic tank, cesspool, portable toilet, Type III marine sanitation device, or similar treatment works that receives only domestic sewage. Domestic septage does not include liquid or solid material removed from a septic tank, cesspool, or similar treatment works that receives either commercial wastewater or industrial wastewater and does not include grease removed from a grease trap at a restaurant.

"Domestic sewage" means waste and wastewater from humans or household operations that is discharged to or otherwise enters a treatment works.

"Dry tons" means dry weight established as representative of land applied biosolids and expressed in units of English tons.

"Dry weight" means the measured weight of a sample of sewage sludge or biosolids after all moisture has been removed in accordance with the standard methods of testing and often represented as percent solids.

"Dry weight basis" means calculated on the basis of having been dried at 105°C until reaching a constant mass (i.e., essentially 100% solids content).

"Exceptional quality biosolids" means biosolids that have received an established level of treatment for pathogen control and vector attraction reduction and contain known levels of pollutants, such that they may be marketed or distributed for public use in accordance with this regulation.

"Fault" means a fracture or zone of fractures in any materials along which strata on one side are displaced with respect to strata on the other side.

"Feed crops" means crops produced primarily for consumption by animals.

"Fiber crops" means crops such as flax and cotton.

"Field" means an area of land within a site where land application is proposed or permitted.

"Final cover" means the last layer of soil or other material placed on a sewage sludge unit at closure.

"Food crops" means crops [ consumed produced primarily for consumption ] by humans. These include, but are not limited to, fruits, vegetables, and tobacco.

"Forest" means a tract of land thick with trees and underbrush.

[ "Groundwater" "Ground water" ] means water below the land surface in the saturated zone.

"Holocene time" means the most recent epoch of the Quaternary period, extending from the end of the Pleistocene epoch to the present.

"Industrial wastewater" means wastewater generated in a commercial or industrial process.

[ "Land application" means the spraying or spreading of sewage sludge biosolids onto the land surface; the injection of sewage sludge biosolids below the land surface; or the incorporation of sewage sludge biosolids into the soil so that the sewage sludge biosolids can either condition the soil or fertilize crops or vegetation grown in the soil. in regard to biosolids, the distribution of biosolids by spreading or spraying on the surface of the land, injecting below the surface of the land, or incorporating into the soil with a uniform application rate for the purpose of fertilizing the crops and vegetation or conditioning the soil. Sites approved for land application of biosolids in accordance with this chapter are not to be considered to be treatment works. Bulk disposal of stabilized sludge in a confined area, such as in landfills, is not land application. For the purpose of this chapter, the use of biosolids in agricultural research and the distribution and marketing of exceptional quality biosolids are not land application.

"Land application area" means, in regard to biosolids, the area in the permitted field, excluding the setback distances, where the biosolids may be applied.

"Land applier" means someone who land applies biosolids pursuant to a valid permit from the department as set forth in this chapter and 9VAC25-32-690 through 9VAC25-32-760. ]

"Land with a high potential for public exposure" means land that the public uses frequently. This includes, but is not limited to, a public contact site and a reclamation site located in a populated area (e.g., a construction site located in a city).

"Land with a low potential for public exposure" means land that the public uses infrequently. This includes, but is not limited to, agricultural land, forest, and a reclamation site located in an unpopulated area (e.g., a strip mine located in a rural area).

"Leachate collection system" means a system or device installed immediately above a liner that is designed, constructed, maintained, and operated to collect and remove leachate from a sewage sludge unit.

"Liner" means soil or synthetic material that has a hydraulic conductivity of 1 X 10^%687 1 X 10^-7 centimeters per second or less.

"Local monitor" means a person or persons employed by a local government to perform the duties of monitoring the operations of land appliers pursuant to a local ordinance.

"Local ordinance" means an ordinance adopted by counties, cities, or towns in accordance with § 62.1-44.19:3 of the Code of Virginia.

"Lower explosive limit for methane gas" means the lowest percentage of methane gas in air, by volume, that propagates a flame at 25°C and atmospheric pressure.

[ "Malodor" means an unusually strong or offensive odor associated with biosolids or sewage sludge as distinguished from odors normally associated with biosolids or sewage sludge. ]

"Monthly average" means the arithmetic mean of all measurements taken during the month.

"Municipality" means a city, town, county, district, association, or other public body (including an intermunicipal Agency of two or more of the foregoing entities) created by or under state law; an Indian tribe or an authorized Indian tribal organization having jurisdiction over sewage sludge management; or a designated and approved management agency under § 208 of the CWA, as amended. The definition includes a special district created under state law, such as a water district, sewer district, sanitary district, utility district, drainage district, or similar entity, or an integrated waste management facility as defined in § 201(e) of the CWA, as amended, that has as one of its principal responsibilities the treatment, transport, use, or disposal of biosolids or sewage sludge.

"Odor sensitive receptor" means, in the context of land application of biosolids, [ any health care facility, such as hospitals, convalescent homes, etc. or ] a building or outdoor facility regularly used to host or serve large groups of people such as schools, dormitories, [ or ] athletic and other recreational facilities [ , hospitals, and convalescent homes ].

"Other container" means either an open or closed receptacle. This includes, but is not limited to, a bucket, a box, a carton, and a vehicle or trailer with a load capacity of one metric ton or less.

"Pasture" means land on which animals feed directly on feed crops such as legumes, grasses, grain stubble, or stover.

"Pathogenic organisms" means disease-causing organisms. These include, but are not limited to, certain bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and viable helminth ova.

"Person who prepares [ sewage sludge biosolids ]" means either the person who generates [ sewage sludge biosolids ] during the treatment of domestic sewage in a treatment works or the person who derives a material from sewage sludge.

"pH" means the logarithm of the reciprocal of the hydrogen ion concentration measured at 25° Celsius or measured at another temperature and then converted to an equivalent value at 25° Celsius.

"Place sewage sludge or sewage sludge placed" means disposal of sewage sludge on a surface disposal site.

"Pollutant" means an organic substance, an inorganic substance, a combination of organic and inorganic substances, or a pathogenic organism that, after discharge and upon exposure, ingestion, inhalation, or assimilation into an organism either directly from the environment or indirectly by ingestion through the food chain, could, on the basis of information available to the board, cause death, disease, behavioral abnormalities, cancer, genetic mutations, physiological malfunctions (including malfunction in reproduction), or physical deformations in either organisms or offspring of the organisms.

"Pollutant limit" means a numerical value that describes the amount of a pollutant allowed per unit amount of sewage sludge biosolids (e.g., milligrams per kilogram of total solids); the amount of a pollutant that can be applied to a unit area of land (e.g., kilograms per hectare); or the volume of a material that can be applied to a unit area of land (e.g., gallons per acre).

"Public contact site" means land with a high potential for contact by the public. This includes, but is not limited to, public parks, ball fields, cemeteries, plant nurseries, turf farms, and golf courses.

"Qualified [ groundwater ground water ] scientist" means an individual with a baccalaureate or post-graduate degree in the natural sciences or engineering who has sufficient training and experience in [ groundwater ground water ] hydrology and related fields, as may be demonstrated by state registration, professional certification, or completion of accredited university programs, to make sound professional judgments regarding [ groundwater ground water ] monitoring, pollutant fate and transport, and corrective action.

"Range land" means open land with indigenous vegetation.

"Reclamation site" means drastically disturbed land that is reclaimed using sewage sludge biosolids. This includes, but is not limited to, strip mines and construction sites.

"Run-off" means rainwater, leachate, or other liquid that drains overland on any part of a land surface and runs off of the land surface.

"Seismic impact zone" means an area that has a 10% or greater probability that the horizontal ground level acceleration of the rock in the area exceeds 0.10 gravity once in 250 years.

"Sewage sludge" means solid, semi-solid, or liquid residue generated during the treatment of domestic sewage in a treatment works. Sewage sludge includes, but is not limited to, domestic septage; scum or solids removed in primary, secondary, or advanced wastewater treatment processes; and a material derived from sewage sludge. Sewage sludge does not include ash generated during the firing of sewage sludge in a sewage sludge incinerator or grit and screenings generated during preliminary treatment of domestic sewage in a treatment works.

"Sewage sludge unit" means land on which only sewage sludge is placed for final disposal. This does not include land on which sewage sludge is either stored or treated. Land does not include surface waters.

"Sewage sludge unit boundary" means the outermost perimeter of an active sewage sludge unit.

"Site" means the area of land within a defined boundary where an activity is proposed or permitted.

"Specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR)" means the mass of oxygen consumed per unit time per unit mass of total solids (dry weight basis) in the sewage sludge.

"Store or storage of sewage sludge" means the placement of sewage sludge on land on which the sewage sludge remains for two years or less. This does not include the placement of sewage sludge on land for treatment.

"Surface disposal site" means an area of land that contains one or more active sewage sludge units.

"Total solids" means the materials in sewage sludge that remain as residue when the sewage sludge is dried at 103°C to 105°C.

"Treat or treatment of sewage sludge" means the preparation of sewage sludge for final use or disposal. This includes, but is not limited to, thickening, stabilization, and dewatering of sewage sludge. This does not include storage of sewage sludge.

"Treatment works" means either a federally owned, publicly owned, or privately owned device or system used to treat (including recycle and reclaim) either domestic sewage or a combination of domestic sewage and industrial waste of a liquid nature.

"Unstable area" means land subject to natural or human-induced forces that may damage the structural components of an active sewage sludge unit. This includes, but is not limited to, land on which the soils are subject to mass movement.

"Unstabilized solids" means organic materials in sewage sludge that have not been treated in either an aerobic or anaerobic treatment process.

[ "Use" means to manage or recycle a processed waste product in a manner so as to derive a measurable benefit as a result of such management. ]

"Vector attraction" means the characteristic of biosolids or sewage sludge that attracts rodents, flies, mosquitoes, or other organisms capable of transporting infectious agents.

"Volatile solids" means the amount of the total solids in sewage sludge lost when the sewage sludge is combusted at 550°C in the presence of excess air.

Article 2
Sewage Sludge Biosolids Applied to the Land

9VAC25-31-505. Universal requirements for land application operations.

A. A nutrient management plan prepared by a person who is certified as a nutrient management planner by the Department of Conservation and Recreation shall be developed for all application sites prior to sewage sludge biosolids land application.

[ 1. ] A nutrient management plan approved by the Department of Conservation and Recreation shall be required for application sites prior to board authorization under specific conditions, including but not limited to [ sites:

a. Sites ] operated by an owner or lessee of a confined animal feeding operation, as defined in subsection A of § 62.1-44.17:1 of the Code of Virginia, or confined poultry feeding operation, as defined in subsection A of § 62.1-44.17:1.1 of the Code of Virginia;

[ sites b. Sites ] where land application more frequently than once every three years at greater than 50% of the annual agronomic rate is proposed; [ and other

c. Mined or disturbed land sites where land application is proposed at greater than agronomic rates; and

d. Other ] sites based on site-specific conditions that increase the risk that land application may adversely impact state waters.

[ e. Where conditions at the land application site change so that it meets one or more of the specific conditions identified in this section, an approved nutrient management plan shall be submitted prior to any future land application at the site.

2. The nutrient management plan shall be available for review by the department at the land application site during biosolids land application.

3. Within 30 days after land application at the site has commenced, the permit holder shall provide a copy of the nutrient management plan to the farm operator of the site, the Department of Conservation and Recreation, and the chief executive officer or designee for the local government unless they request in writing not to receive the nutrient management plan.

4. The nutrient management plan must be approved by the Department of Conservation and Recreation prior to land application for land application sites where the soil test phosphorus levels exceed the values in Table 1 of this section. For purposes of approval, permittees should submit the nutrient management plan to the Department of Conservation and Recreation at least 30 days prior to the anticipated date of land application to ensure adequate time for the approval process.

	TABLE 1 SOIL PHOSPHORUS LEVELS REQUIRING NMP APPROVAL
	Region	Soil Test P (ppm) VPI & SU Test (Mehlich I)*
	Eastern Shore and Lower Coastal Plain	135
	Middle and Upper Coastal Plain and Piedmont	136
	Ridge and Valley	162
	*If results are from another laboratory, the Department of Conservation and Recreation approved conversion factors must be used. ]

B. Sewage sludge shall be treated to meet standards for land application of biosolids as required by Part VI (9VAC25-31-420 et seq.) of this chapter prior to delivery at the land application site. No person shall alter the composition of sewage sludge biosolids at a site approved for land application of sewage sludge biosolids under a [ Virginia Pollution Abatement Permit VPDES permit ]. Any person who engages in the alteration of such sewage sludge biosolids shall be subject to the penalties provided in Article 6 (§ 62.1-44.31 et seq.) of Chapter 3.1 of Title 62.1 of the Code of Virginia. The addition of lime or deodorants to sewage sludge biosolids that have been treated to meet standards for land application as required by Part VI (9VAC25-31-420 et seq.) of this chapter, shall not constitute alteration of the composition of sewage sludge biosolids. The board may authorize public institutions of higher education to conduct scientific research on the composition of sewage sludge biosolids that may be applied to land.

C. Bulk biosolids [ meeting Class B pathogen reduction standards ] shall be land applied in accordance with the Virginia Pollution Abatement Permit Regulation, Article 3, Biosolids Use Standards and Practices, set forth in 9VAC25-32-490 through [ 9VAC25-32-660 9VAC25-32-580 ].

C. D. Surface incorporation may be required on cropland by the department, or the local monitor with approval of the department, to mitigate [ excessive odors malodors ], when incorporation is practicable and compatible with a soil conservation plan [ or contract ] meeting the standards and specifications of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service.

D. E. For applications where surface applied sewage sludge biosolids are not incorporated, the department (or the local monitor with approval of the department) may require as a site-specific permit condition, extended [ buffer zone ] setback distances when necessary to protect odor sensitive receptors. When necessary, buffer zone setback distances from odor sensitive receptors may be extended to 400 feet or more and no sewage sludge shall be applied within such extended buffer zones. The board, in accordance with 9VAC25-31-460, may impose standards and requirements that are more stringent when required to protect public health and the environment, or prevent nuisance conditions from developing, either prior to or during sewage sludge use operations.

E. F. No person shall apply to the Department of Environmental Quality for a permit, a variance, or a permit modification authorizing storage of sewage sludge or biosolids without first complying with all requirements adopted pursuant to § 62.1-44.19:3 R of the Code of Virginia.

9VAC25-31-510. Applicability; bulk sewage sludge biosolids; sewage sludge biosolids sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land.

A. This [ subpart article ] applies to any person who prepares sewage sludge biosolids that is applied to the land, to any person who applies sewage sludge biosolids to the land, to sewage sludge biosolids applied to the land, and to the land on which sewage sludge biosolids is applied.

B. General requirements for bulk biosolids.

B. 1. The general requirements in 9VAC25-31-530 and the management practices in 9VAC25-31-550 [ B through F ] do not apply when bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied to the land if the bulk sewage sludge biosolids meets the ceiling concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B 1, the pollutant concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B 3, the Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A, and one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8.

2. The board may apply any or all of the general requirements in 9VAC25-31-530 and the management practices in 9VAC25-31-550 to the bulk sewage sludge biosolids in subdivision 1 of this subsection on a case-by-case basis after determining that the general requirements or management practices are needed to protect public health and the environment from any reasonably anticipated adverse effect that may occur from any pollutant in the bulk sewage sludge biosolids.

C. General requirements for bulk material derived from biosolids.

C. 1. The general requirements in 9VAC25-31-530 and the management practices in 9VAC25-31-550 [ B through F ] do not apply when a bulk material derived from sewage sludge biosolids is applied to the land if the derived bulk material meets the ceiling concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B 1, the pollutant concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B 3, the Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A, and one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8.

2. The board may apply any or all of the general requirements in 9VAC25-31-530 or the management practices in 9VAC25-31-550 to the bulk material in subdivision 1 of this subsection on a case-by-case basis after determining that the general requirements or management practices are needed to protect public health and the environment from any reasonably anticipated adverse effect that may occur from any pollutant in the bulk sewage sludge biosolids.

D. The requirements in this article do not apply when a bulk material derived from sewage sludge biosolids is applied to the land if the sewage sludge biosolids from which the bulk material is derived meets the ceiling concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B 1, the pollutant concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B 3, the Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A, and one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8.

E. The general requirements in 9VAC25-31-530 and the management practices in 9VAC25-31-550 [ B through F ] do not apply when sewage sludge biosolids is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land if the sewage sludge biosolids sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land meets the ceiling concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B 1, the pollutant concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B 3, the Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A, and one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8.

F. The general requirements in 9VAC25-31-530 and the management practices in 9VAC25-31-550 [ B through F ] do not apply when a material derived from sewage sludge biosolids is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land if the derived material meets the ceiling concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B 1, the pollutant concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B 3, the Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A, and one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8.

G. The requirements in this [ subpart article ] do not apply when a material derived from sewage sludge biosolids is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land if the sewage sludge biosolids from which the material is derived meets the ceiling concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B 1, the pollutant concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B 3, the Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A, and one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8.

9VAC25-31-530. General requirements.

A. No person shall apply sewage sludge biosolids to the land except in accordance with the requirements in this article.

B. No person shall apply bulk sewage sludge biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-31-540 B 2 to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site if any of the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-31-540 B 2 has been reached.

C. No person shall apply domestic septage to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site during a 365-day period if the annual application rate in 9VAC25-31-540 C has been reached during that period.

D. The person who prepares bulk sewage sludge biosolids that is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site shall provide the person who applies the bulk sewage sludge biosolids written notification of the concentration of total nitrogen (as N on a dry weight basis) in the bulk sewage sludge biosolids.

E. Application of biosolids to the land.

E. 1. The person who applies sewage sludge biosolids to the land shall obtain information needed to comply with the requirements in this subpart.

2. a. Before bulk sewage sludge biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-31-540 B 2 is applied to the land,;

the a. The person who proposes to apply the bulk sewage sludge biosolids shall contact the department to determine whether bulk sewage sludge biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-31-540 B 2 has been applied to the site since July 20, 1993.

b. If bulk sewage sludge biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-31-540 B 2 has not been applied to the site since July 20, 1993, the cumulative amount for each pollutant listed in Table 2 of 9VAC25-31-540 may be applied to the site in accordance with 9VAC25-31-540 A 2 a.

c. If bulk sewage sludge biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-31-540 B 2 has been applied to the site since July 20, 1993, and the cumulative amount of each pollutant applied to the site in the bulk sewage sludge biosolids since that date is known, the cumulative amount of each pollutant applied to the site shall be used to determine the additional amount of each pollutant that can be applied to the site in accordance with 9VAC25-31-540 A 2 a.

d. If bulk sewage sludge biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-31-540 B 2 has been applied to the site since July 20, 1993, and the cumulative amount of each pollutant applied to the site in the bulk sewage sludge biosolids since that date is not known, an additional amount of each pollutant shall not be applied to the site in accordance with 9VAC25-31-540 A 2 a.

F. When a person who prepares bulk sewage sludge biosolids provides the bulk sewage sludge biosolids to a person who applies the bulk sewage sludge biosolids to the land, the person who prepares the bulk sewage sludge biosolids shall provide the person who applies the sewage sludge biosolids notice and necessary information to comply with the requirements in this article.

G. When a person who prepares sewage sludge biosolids provides the sewage sludge biosolids to another person who prepares the sewage sludge biosolids, the person who provides the sewage sludge biosolids shall provide the person who receives the sewage sludge biosolids notice and necessary information to comply with the requirements in this article.

H. The person who applies bulk sewage sludge biosolids to the land shall provide the owner or lease holder of the land on which the bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied notice and necessary information to comply with the requirements in this article.

I. Any person who prepares bulk sewage sludge biosolids in another state that is applied to land in Virginia shall provide written notice to the department prior to the initial application of bulk sewage sludge biosolids to the land application site by the applier. The notice shall include:

1. The location, by either street address or latitude and longitude, of each land application site;

2. The approximate time period bulk sewage sludge biosolids will be applied to the site;

3. The name, address, telephone number, and National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit number (if appropriate) for the person who prepares the bulk sewage sludge biosolids; and

4. The name, address, telephone number, and National (or Virginia) Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit number (if appropriate) for the person who will apply the bulk sewage sludge biosolids.

J. Any person who applies bulk sewage sludge biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-31-540 B 2 to the land shall provide written notice, prior to the initial application of bulk sewage sludge biosolids to a land application site by the applier, to the department and the department shall retain and provide access to the notice. The notice shall include:

1. The location, by either street address or latitude and longitude, of the land application site; and

2. The name, address, telephone number, and Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit number (if appropriate) of the person who will apply the bulk sewage sludge biosolids.

9VAC25-31-540. Pollutant limits.

A. Sewage sludge Biosolids.

1. Bulk sewage sludge biosolids or sewage sludge biosolids sold or given away in a bag or other container shall not be applied to the land if the concentration of any pollutant in the sewage sludge biosolids exceeds the ceiling concentration for the pollutant in Table 1 of this section.

2. If bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site, either:

a. The cumulative loading rate for each pollutant shall not exceed the cumulative pollutant loading rate for the pollutant in Table 2 of this section; or

b. The concentration of each pollutant in the sewage sludge biosolids shall not exceed the concentration for the pollutant in Table 3 of 9VAC25-31-540 this section.

3. If bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied to a lawn or a home garden, the concentration of each pollutant in the sewage sludge biosolids shall not exceed the concentration for the pollutant in Table 3 of this section.

4. If sewage sludge biosolids is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land, either:

a. The concentration of each pollutant in the sewage sludge biosolids shall not exceed the concentration for the pollutant in Table 3 of this section; or

b. The product of the concentration of each pollutant in the sewage sludge biosolids and the annual whole sludge application rate for the sewage sludge biosolids shall not cause the annual pollutant loading rate for the pollutant in Table 4 of this section to be exceeded. The procedure used to determine the annual whole sludge application rate is presented in subsection D of this section.

B. Pollutant concentrations and loading rates - sewage sludge biosolids.

TABLE 1 CEILING CONCENTRATIONS
Pollutant	Ceiling Concentration (milligrams per kilogram)*
Arsenic	75
Cadmium	85
Copper	4300 4,300
Lead	840
Mercury	57
Molybdenum [ (1) ]	75
Nickel	420
Selenium	100
Zinc	7500 7,500
*Dry weight basis [ (1) Biosolids with a molybdenum concentration greater than 40 mg/kg shall not be applied to land used for livestock grazing. ]

TABLE 2 CUMULATIVE POLLUTANT LOADING RATES(1)
Pollutant	Cumulative Pollutant Loading Rate
	Cumulative Pollutant Loading Rate (kilograms per hectare)	(pounds per acre)
Arsenic(2)	41	36
Cadmium	39	35
Copper	1500 1,500	1,340
Lead	300	270
Mercury	17	16
Molybdenum(2)
Nickel	420	375
Selenium	100	89
Zinc	2800 2,800	2,500
Notes: (1)Such total applications to be made on soils with the biosolids/soil mixture pH adjusted to 6.0 or greater if the biosolids cadmium content is greater than or equal to 21 mg/kg. The maximum cumulative application rate is limited for all ranges of cation exchange capacity due to soil background pH in Virginia of less than 6.5 and lack of regulatory controls of soil pH adjustment after biosolids application ceases. (2)The maximum cumulative application rate is currently under study by the USEPA. [ Research suggests that for Molybdenum a cumulative pollutant loading rate below 40 kg/hectare may be appropriate to reduce the risk of copper deficiency in grazing animals. ]

TABLE 3 POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS
Pollutant	Monthly Average Concentration (milligrams per kilogram)*
Arsenic	41
Cadmium	39
Copper	1500 1,500
Lead	300
Mercury	17
Molybdenum(1)
Nickel	420
Selenium	100
Zinc	2800 2,800
*Dry weight basis Note: (1)The monthly average concentration is currently under study by the USEPA. [ Research suggests that a monthly average Molybdenum concentration below 40 mg/kg may be appropriate to reduce the risk of copper deficiency in grazing animals. ]

TABLE 4 ANNUAL POLLUTANT LOADING RATES
Pollutant	Annual Pollutant Loading Rate(1) (per 365-day period)
	Annual Pollutant Loading Rate (kilograms per hectare per 365-day period) (kilograms per hectare)	(pounds per acre)
Arsenic	2.0	1.8
Cadmium	1.9	1.7
Copper	75	67
Lead	15	13
Mercury	0.85	0.76
Molybdenum(2)
Nickel	21	19
Selenium	5.0	4.6
Zinc	140	125
Notes: (1)Such total applications to be made on soils with the biosolids/soils mixture pH adjusted to 6.0 or greater if the biosolids cadmium content is greater than or equal to 21 mg/kg. The maximum cumulative application rate is limited for all ranges of cation exchange capacity due to soil pH in Virginia of less than 6.5 and lack of regulatory controls of soil pH adjustment after biosolids application ceases. (2)The maximum cumulative application rate is currently under study by the USEPA.

C. Domestic septage. The annual application rate for domestic septage applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site shall not exceed the annual application rate calculated using equation (1).

	AAR =	N	(1)
		0.0026

Where:

AAR=Annual application rate in gallons per acre per 365-day period.

N=Amount of nitrogen in pounds per acre per 365-day period needed by the crop or vegetation grown on the land.

EQUATION (1)

AAR = N/0.0026

AAR = Annual application rate in gallons per acre per 365-day period.

N = Amount of nitrogen in pounds per acre per 365-day period needed by the crop or vegetation grown on the land.

D. Procedures to determine the annual whole sludge application rate for sewage sludge biosolids. 9VAC25-31-540 A 4 b requires that the product of the concentration for each pollutant listed in Table 4 of this section in sewage sludge biosolids sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land and the AWSAR for the sewage sludge biosolids not cause the annual pollutant loading rate for the pollutant in Table 4 to be exceeded. This section contains the procedure used to determine the AWSAR for a sewage sludge biosolids that does not cause the annual pollutant loading rates in Table 4 of this section to be exceeded.

1. The relationship between the APLR for a pollutant and the AWSAR for a sewage sludge biosolids is shown in equation (1) (2).

APLR=CxAWSARx0.001

(1)

Where:

APLR=Annual pollutant loading rate in kilograms per hectare per 365-day period.

C=Pollutant concentration in milligrams per kilogram of total solids (dry weight basis).

AWSAR=Annual whole sludge application rate in metric tons per hectare per 365-day period (dry weight basis).

0.001=A conversion factor.

EQUATION (2)

APLR = C [ X x ] AWSAR [ X x ] 0.001

APLR = Annual pollutant loading rate in kilograms per hectare per 365-day period

C = Pollutant concentration in milligrams per kilogram of total solids (dry weight basis)

AWSAR = Annual whole sludge application rate in metric tons per hectare per 365-day period (dry weight basis)

0.001 = A conversion factor

2. To determine the AWSAR, equation (1) (2) is rearranged into equation (2) (3):

	AWSAR =	APLR	(2)
		C x 0.001
EQUATION (3)
AWSAR = APLR/(C [ X x ] 0.001)
AWSAR = Annual whole sludge application rate in metric tons per hectare per 365-day period (dry weight basis)
APLR = Annual pollutant loading rate in kilograms per hectare per 365-day period
C = Pollutant concentration in milligrams per kilogram of total solids (dry weight basis)
0.001 = A conversion factor

3. The procedure used to determine the AWSAR for a sewage sludge biosolids is presented below.

1. a. Analyze a sample of the sewage sludge biosolids to determine the concentration for each of the pollutants listed in Table 4 of this section in the sewage sludge biosolids.

2. b. Using the pollutant concentrations from Step 1 and the APLRs from Table 4 of this section, calculate an AWSAR for each pollutant using equation (2) (3) above.

3. c. The AWSAR for the sewage sludge biosolids is the lowest AWSAR calculated in Step 2.

9VAC25-31-543. Soils monitoring.

A. Soil shall be sampled and analyzed prior to biosolids application to determine site suitability and to provide background data. [ No sample analysis used to determine application rates shall be more than three years old at the time of biosolids land application. ] Soil shall be sampled and analyzed in accordance with Table 1 of this section. [ Reduced monitoring may apply for typical agricultural utilization projects where biosolids are applied to farmland at or below agronomic rates or on an infrequent basis (Table 1 of this section). ] Reduced monitoring may also apply to one-time biosolids applications to forest or reclaimed lands. For background analysis, random composite soil samples from the zone of incorporation are required for infrequent applications and frequent applications at less than agronomic rates (total less than 15 dry tons per acre).

TABLE 1 SOIL TEST PARAMETERS FOR LAND APPLICATION SITES1
	[ Biosolids Application			Storage
Parameter	Infrequent2	Frequent Below Agro-nomic Rates2	Frequent at Agro-nomic Rates2	Super-natant4
Soil pH (Std. Units)	*	*	*	*
Nitrate nitrogen (ppm)3			*
Available phosphorus (ppm)5	*	*	*	*
Extractable potassium (ppm)	*	*	*	*
Extractable sodium (mg/100g)	6	6	6	6*
Extractable calcium (mg/100g)			*	*
Extractable magnesium (mg/100g)	*		*	*
Zinc (ppm)	*	*	*	*
Manganese (ppm)	*	*	*
Hydraulic conductivity (cm/sec)				*
1Note: Unless otherwise stated, analyses shall be reported on a dry weight basis (*). 2See 9VAC25-32-560 B 3. 3Only used as a supplemental fertilizer for side-dressing corn. 4Liquid biosolids derived from biosolids use facilities. 5Available P shall be analyzed using one of the following methods: Mehlich I, Mehlich III, or Bray. 6Extractable sodium shall be analyzed only where biosolids known to be high in sodium will be land applied.
Parameter
Soil pH (Std. Units)
Available phosphorus (ppm)2
Extractable potassium (ppm)
Extractable sodium (mg/100g)3
Extractable calcium (mg/100g)
Extractable magnesium (mg/100g)
Zinc (ppm)
Manganese (ppm)
1Note: Unless otherwise stated, analyses shall be reported on a dry weight basis. 2Available P shall be analyzed using one of the following methods: Mehlich I or Mehlich III. 3Extractable sodium shall be analyzed only where biosolids known to be high in sodium will be land applied. ]

B. The department reserves the right to require the permit holder to conduct additional soil monitoring including, but not limited to, additional parameters, based on site-specific history or conditions.

C. Samples shall be collected in accordance with § 10.1-104.2 of the Code of Virginia.

[ 9VAC25-31-545. Crop monitoring.

A. Vegetation monitoring may be required by the board upon recommendation of the department once every three years on sites with frequent applications of biosolids applied at or greater than agronomic rates and when 400 pounds per acre or more of available phosphorus had been applied to the soil. Analyses of plant tissue should be conducted at the proper growth stage as recommended by the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, or the Virginia Cooperative Extension Service.

B. Routine analyses include:

1. Nitrate-nitrogen;

2. Phosphorus;

3. Potassium;

4. Calcium;

5. Manganese;

6. Magnesium;

7. Iron;

8. Copper; and

9. Zinc.

C. Analysis for additional parameters may be necessary as determined on a case-by-case basis.

D. Results shall be reported annually to the department. ]

9VAC25-31-547. [ Ground water Groundwater ] monitoring.

A. Monitoring wells may be required by the department for land treatment sites, sludge lagoons, biosolids land application sites, or biosolids storage facilities to monitor [ ground water groundwater ] quality.

B. If [ ground water groundwater ] monitoring is required, a [ ground water groundwater ] monitoring plan shall be submitted to the department for approval that includes at a minimum:

1. Geologic and hydrologic conditions at the site;

2. Monitoring well design, placement, and construction;

3. Sampling frequency;

4. Sampling procedures, including quality assurance and quality control; and

5. Collection of background samples.

9VAC25-31-550. Management practices.

A. All biosolids land application activities shall comply with the operational requirements of Part IX (9VAC25-32-303 et seq.) of 9VAC25-32 (Biosolids Program of the VPA Permit Regulation).

A. B. Bulk sewage sludge biosolids shall not be applied to the land if it is likely to adversely affect a threatened or endangered species listed in 9VAC25-260-320 or § 4 of the Endangered Species Act (16 USC § 1533) or if the land application is likely to adversely affect its designated critical habitat.

B. C. Bulk sewage sludge biosolids shall not be applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site that is flooded, frozen, or snow-covered so that the bulk sewage sludge biosolids enters a wetland or other surface waters except as provided in a VPDES permit or a permit issued pursuant to § 404 of the CWA.

C. D. Bulk sewage sludge biosolids shall not be applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site that is 10 meters or less from surface waters, unless otherwise specified by the board.

D. E. Bulk sewage sludge biosolids shall be applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site at a whole sludge application rate that is equal to or less than the agronomic rate for the bulk sewage sludge biosolids, unless, in the case of a reclamation site, otherwise specified by the board.

E. F. Either a label shall be affixed to the bag or other container in which sewage sludge biosolids that is sold or given away for application to the land, or an information sheet shall be provided to the person who receives sewage sludge biosolids sold or given away in [ an a bag or ] other container for application to the land. The label or information sheet shall contain the following information:

1. The name and address of the person who prepared the sewage sludge biosolids that is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land;

2. A statement that application of the sewage sludge biosolids to the land is prohibited except in accordance with the instructions on the label or information sheet; and

3. The annual whole sludge application rate for the sewage sludge biosolids that does not cause any of the annual pollutant loading rates in Table 4 of 9VAC25-31-540 to be exceeded.

9VAC25-31-560. Operational standards, pathogens, and vector attraction reduction.

A. Pathogens - sewage sludge biosolids.

1. The Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A or the Class B pathogen requirements and site restrictions in 9VAC25-31-720 B shall be met when bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site.

2. The Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A shall be met when bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied to a lawn or a home garden.

3. The Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A shall be met when sewage sludge biosolids is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land.

B. Pathogens - domestic septage. The requirements in [ either ] 9VAC25-31-710 C [ 1 or C 2 ] shall be met when domestic septage is applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site.

C. Vector attraction reduction - sewage sludge biosolids.

1. One of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 10 shall be met when bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site.

2. One of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8 shall be met when bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied to a lawn or a home garden.

3. One of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8 shall be met when sewage sludge biosolids is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land.

D. Vector attraction reduction - domestic septage. The vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 9, B 10, or B 12 shall be met when domestic septage is applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site.

9VAC25-31-570. Frequency of monitoring.

A. Sewage sludge Biosolids.

1. The frequency of monitoring for the pollutants listed in Tables 1 through 4 of 9VAC25-31-540; the pathogen density requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A and B 2 through B 4; and the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 4, B 7 and B 8 shall be the frequency in Table 1 of this section.

TABLE 1 FREQUENCY OF MONITORING--LAND APPLICATION
Amount of sewage sludge* biosolids* (metric tons per 365-day period)	Frequency
Greater than zero but less than 290	once per year
Equal to or greater than 290 but less than 1,500	once per quarter (four times a year)
Equal to or greater than 1,500 but less than 15,000	once per 60 days (six times per year)
Equal to or greater than 15,000	once per month (12 times per year)
*Either the amount of bulk sewage sludge biosolids applied to the land or the amount of sewage sludge biosolids prepared for sale or give-away in a bag or other container for application to the land (dry weight basis).

2. After the sewage sludge biosolids has been monitored for two years at the frequency in Table 1 of this section, the board may reduce the frequency of monitoring for pollutant concentrations and for the pathogen density requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A 5 b and c.

B. Domestic septage. If either the pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 C 2 or the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 12 are met when domestic septage is applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site, each container of domestic septage applied to the land shall be monitored for compliance with those requirements.

9VAC25-31-580. Recordkeeping.

A. Sewage sludge Biosolids.

1. The person who prepares the sewage sludge biosolids in 9VAC25-31-510 B 1 or E shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

a. The concentration of each pollutant listed in Table 3 of 9VAC25-31-540 in the sewage sludge biosolids;

b. The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A and the vector attraction reduction requirement in (insert one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8) was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including the possibility of fine and imprisonment.";

c. A description of how the Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A are met; and

d. A description of how one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8 is met.

2. The person who derives the material in 9VAC25-31-510 C 1 or in 9VAC25-31-510 F shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

a. The concentration of each pollutant listed in Table 3 of 9VAC25-31-540 in the material;

b. The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A and the vector attraction reduction requirement in (insert one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8) was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including the possibility of fine and imprisonment.";

c. A description of how the Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A are met; and

d. A description of how one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8 is met.

3. If the pollutant concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B 3, the Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A, and the vector attraction reduction requirements in either 9VAC25-31-720 B 9 or B 10 are met when bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site:

a. The person who prepares the bulk sewage sludge biosolids shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

(1) The concentration of each pollutant listed in Table 3 of 9VAC25-31-540 in the bulk sewage sludge biosolids;

(2) The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including the possibility of fine and imprisonment."; and

(3) A description of how the pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A are met.

b. The person who applies the bulk sewage sludge biosolids shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

(1) The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the management practices in 9VAC25-31-550 and the vector attraction reduction requirement in (insert either 9VAC25-31-720 B 9 or B 10) was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including fine and imprisonment.";

(2) A description of how the management practices in 9VAC25-31-550 are met for each site on which bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied; and

(3) A description of how the vector attraction reduction requirements in either 9VAC25-31-720 B 9 or B 10 are met for each site on which bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied.

4. If the pollutant concentrations in 9VAC25-31-540 B 3 and the Class B pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 B are met when bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site:

a. The person who prepares the bulk sewage sludge biosolids shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

(1) The concentration of each pollutant listed in Table 3 of 9VAC25-31-540 in the bulk sewage sludge biosolids;

(2) The following certification statement:

"I certify under, penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the Class B pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 B and the vector attraction reduction requirement in (insert one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8, if one of those requirements is met) was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including the possibility of fine and imprisonment.";

(3) A description of how the Class B pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 B are met; and

(4) When one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8 is met, a description of how the vector attraction reduction requirement is met.

b. The person who applies the bulk sewage sludge biosolids shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

(1) The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the management practices in 9VAC25-31-550, the site restrictions in 9VAC25-31-710 B 5, and the vector attraction reduction requirements in (insert either 9VAC25-31-720 B 9 or B 10, if one of those requirements is met) was prepared for each site on which bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including the possibility of fine and imprisonment.";

(2) A description of how the management practices in 9VAC25-31-550 are met for each site on which bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied;

(3) A description of how the site restrictions in 9VAC25-31-710 B 5 are met for each site on which bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied;

(4) When the vector attraction reduction requirement in either 9VAC25-31-720 B 9 or B 10 is met, a description of how the vector attraction reduction requirement is met; and

(5) The date bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied to each site.

5. If the requirements in 9VAC25-31-540 A 2 a are met when bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site:

a. The person who prepares the bulk sewage sludge biosolids shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

(1) The concentration of each pollutant listed in Table 1 of 9VAC25-31-540 in the bulk sewage sludge biosolids;

(2) The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the pathogen requirements in (insert either 9VAC25-31-710 A or B and the vector attraction reduction requirement in insert one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8, if one of those requirements is met) was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including the possibility of fine and imprisonment.";

(3) A description of how the pathogen requirements in either 9VAC25-31-710 A or B are met; and

(4) When one of the vector attraction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8 is met, a description of how the vector attraction requirement is met.

b. The person who applies the bulk sewage sludge biosolids shall develop the following information, retain the information in 9VAC25-31-580 A 5 b (1) through b (7) indefinitely, and retain the information in 9VAC25-31-580 A 5 b (8) through b (13) for five years:

(1) The location, by either street address or latitude and longitude, of each site on which bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied;

(2) The number of hectares in each site on which bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied;

(3) The date bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied to each site;

(4) The cumulative amount of each pollutant (i.e., kilograms) listed in Table 2 of 9VAC25-31-540 in the bulk sewage sludge biosolids applied to each site, including the amount in 9VAC25-31-530 E 2 c;

(5) The amount of sewage sludge biosolids (i.e., metric tons) applied to each site;

(6) The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the requirements to obtain information in 9VAC25-31-530 E 2 was prepared for each site on which bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including fine and imprisonment.";

(7) A description of how the requirements to obtain information in 9VAC25-31-530 E 2 are met;

(8) The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the management practices in 9VAC25-31-550 was prepared for each site on which bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including fine and imprisonment.";

(9) A description of how the management practices in 9VAC25-31-550 are met for each site on which bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied;

(10) The following certification statement when the bulk sewage sludge biosolids meets the Class B pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 B:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the site restrictions in 9VAC25-31-710 B 5 was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including fine and imprisonment.";

(11) A description of how the site restrictions in 9VAC25-31-710 B 5 are met for each site on which Class B bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied;

(12) The following certification statement when the vector attraction reduction requirement in either 9VAC25-31-720 B 9 or B 10 is met:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the vector attraction reduction requirement in (insert either 9VAC25-31-720 B 9 or B 10) was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including the possibility of fine and imprisonment."; and

(13) If the vector attraction reduction requirements in either 9VAC25-31-720 B 9 or B 10 are met, a description of how the requirements are met.

6. If the requirements in 9VAC25-31-540 A 4 b are met when sewage sludge biosolids is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land, the person who prepares the sewage sludge biosolids that is sold or given away in a bag or other container shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

a. The annual whole sludge application rate for the sewage sludge biosolids that does not cause the annual pollutant loading rates in Table 4 of 9VAC25-31-540 to be exceeded;

b. The concentration of each pollutant listed in Table 4 of 9VAC25-31-540 in the sewage sludge biosolids;

c. The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the management practice in 9VAC25-31-550 E, the Class A pathogen requirement in 9VAC25-31-710 A, and the vector attraction reduction requirement in (insert one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8) was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including the possibility of fine and imprisonment.";

d. A description of how the Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 A are met; and

e. A description of how one of the vector attraction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 1 through B 8 is met.

B. Domestic septage. When domestic septage is applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site, the person who applies the domestic septage shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

1. The location, by either street address or latitude and longitude, of each site on which domestic septage is applied;

2. The number of acres in each site on which domestic septage is applied;

3. The date domestic septage is applied to each site;

4. The nitrogen [ and phosphorus ] requirement for the crop or vegetation grown on each site during a 365-day period;

5. The rate, in gallons per acre per 365-day period, at which domestic septage is applied to each site;

6. The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the pathogen requirements in (insert either 9VAC25-31-710 C 1 or 2) and the vector attraction reduction requirements in (insert 9VAC25-31-720 B 9, 10, or 12) was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including the possibility of fine and imprisonment.";

7. A description of how the pathogen requirements in either 9VAC25-31-710 C 1 or 2 are met; and

8. A description of how the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 9, 10, or 12 are met.

9VAC25-31-590. Reporting.

A. Class I sludge management facilities, POTWs with a design flow rate equal to or greater than one million gallons per day, and POTWs that serve 10,000 people or more shall submit the following information to the department:

1. The information in 9VAC25-31-580 A, except the information in 9VAC25-31-580 A 3 b, 4 b and 5 b, for the appropriate requirements on February 19 of each year for the previous calendar year's activity; and

2. The information in 9VAC25-31-580 A 5 b (1) through (7) on February 19 of each year for the previous calendar year's activity when 90% or more of any of the cumulative pollutant loading rates in Table 2 of 9VAC25-31-540 is reached at a land application site.

B. An activity report shall be submitted (electronically or postmarked) to the department by the 15th of [ the each ] month [ for land application activity that occurred in the previous calendar month, ] unless another date is specified in the permit in accordance with 9VAC25-32-80 I 4 [ , following any month in which land application occurs ]. The report shall indicate those sites where land application activities took place during the previous month. [ If no land application occurs under a permit during the calendar month, a report shall be submitted stating that no land application occurred. ]

C. [ Biosolids application rates shall be calculated using results from sampling and analysis completed during the most recent 12 months of monitoring. For proposed treatment works, rates may be initially based on the biosolids characteristic produced by similar generating facilities.

D. ] Records shall be maintained documenting the required treatment and quality characteristics and the maximum allowable land application loading rates established for biosolids use. In addition, operational monitoring results shall verify that required sludge treatment has achieved the specified levels of pathogen control and vector attraction reductions (9VAC25-31-710 and 9VAC25-31-720). Adequate records of biosolids composition, treatment classification, and biosolids application rates and methods of application for each site shall be maintained by the generator and owner.

[ E. D. ] The generator and owner shall maintain the records for a minimum period of five years. Sites receiving frequent applications of biosolids that meet or exceed maximum cumulative constituent loadings and dedicated disposal sites should be properly referenced for future land transactions (Sludge Disposal Site Dedication Form).

Article 4
Pathogens and Vector Attraction Reduction

9VAC25-31-690. Scope.

A. This article contains the requirements for a sewage sludge biosolids to be classified either Class A or Class B with respect to pathogens.

B. This article contains the site restrictions for land on which a Class B sewage sludge biosolids is applied.

C. This article contains the pathogen requirements for domestic septage applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site.

D. This article contains alternative vector attraction reduction requirements for sewage sludge biosolids that is applied to the land or sewage sludge that is placed on a surface disposal site.

9VAC25-31-710. Pathogens.

A. Sewage sludge Biosolids - Class A.

1. The requirement in subdivision 2 of this subsection and the requirements in either subdivisions 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 of this subsection shall be met for a sewage sludge biosolids to be classified Class A with respect to pathogens.

2. The Class A pathogen requirements in subdivisions 3 through 8 of this subsection shall be met either prior to meeting or at the same time the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720, except the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-31-720 B 6 through B 8, are met.

3. Class A - Alternative 1.

a. Either the density of fecal coliform in the sewage sludge biosolids shall be less than 1,000 Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria in the sewage sludge biosolids shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is used [ or disposed ]; at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the sewage sludge biosolids or material derived from sewage sludge biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in 9VAC25-31-510 B, C, E, or F.

b. The temperature of the sewage sludge that is used or disposed shall be maintained at a specific value for a period of time.

(1) When the percent solids of the sewage sludge is 7.0% or higher, the temperature of the sewage sludge shall be 50°C or higher; the time period shall be 20 minutes or longer; and the temperature and time period shall be determined using equation (3) equation (1), except when small particles of sewage sludge are heated by either warmed gases or an immiscible liquid.

	D =	131,700,000	(3)
		100.1400t

Where,

D = time in days.

t = temperature in degrees Celsius.

	EQUATION (1)
	D = 131,700,000/100.1400t
	D = time in days
	t = temperature in degrees Celsius

(2) When the percent solids of the sewage sludge is 7.0% or higher and small particles of sewage sludge are heated by either warmed gases or an immiscible liquid, the temperature of the sewage sludge shall be 50°C or higher; the time period shall be 15 seconds or longer; and the temperature and time period shall be determined using equation (3) equation (1).

(3) When the percent solids of the sewage sludge is less than 7.0% and the time period is at least 15 seconds, but less than 30 minutes, the temperature and time period shall be determined using equation (3) equation (1).

(4) When the percent solids of the sewage sludge is less than 7.0%; the temperature of the sewage sludge is 50°C or higher; and the time period is 30 minutes or longer, the temperature and time period shall be determined using equation (4) equation (2).

	D =	50,070,000	(4)
		100.1400t

Where,

D = time in days.

t = temperature in degrees Celsius.

	EQUATION (2)
	D = 50,070,000/100.1400t
	D = time in days
	t = temperature in degrees Celsius

4. Class A - Alternative 2.

a. Either the density of fecal coliform in the sewage sludge biosolids shall be less than 1,000 Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria in the sewage sludge biosolids shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is used [ or disposed ]; at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the sewage sludge biosolids or material derived from sewage sludge biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in 9VAC25-31-510 B, C, E, or F.

b. (1) The pH of the sewage sludge that is used or disposed shall be raised to above 12 and shall remain above 12 for 72 hours.

(2) The temperature of the sewage sludge shall be above 52°C for 12 hours or longer during the period that the pH of the sewage sludge is above 12.

(3) At the end of the 72-hour period during which the pH of the sewage sludge is above 12, the sewage sludge shall be air dried to achieve a percent solids in the sewage sludge greater than 50%.

5. Class A - Alternative 3.

a. Either the density of fecal coliform in the sewage sludge biosolids shall be less than 1,000 Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria in sewage sludge biosolids shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is used [ or disposed ]; at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the sewage sludge biosolids or material derived from sewage sludge biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in 9VAC25-31-510 B, C, E, or F.

b. (1) The sewage sludge shall be analyzed prior to pathogen treatment to determine whether the sewage sludge contains enteric viruses.

(2) When the density of enteric viruses in the sewage sludge prior to pathogen treatment is less than one Plaque-forming Unit per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis), the sewage sludge is Class A with respect to enteric viruses until the next monitoring episode for the sewage sludge.

(3) When the density of enteric viruses in the sewage sludge prior to pathogen treatment is equal to or greater than one Plaque-forming Unit per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis), the sewage sludge is Class A with respect to enteric viruses when the density of enteric viruses in the sewage sludge after pathogen treatment is less than one Plaque-forming Unit per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) and when the values or ranges of values for the operating parameters for the pathogen treatment process that produces the [ sewage sludge biosolids ] that meets the enteric virus density requirement are documented.

(4) After the enteric virus reduction in subdivision 5 b (3) of this subsection is demonstrated for the pathogen treatment process, the [ sewage sludge biosolids ] continues to be Class A with respect to enteric viruses when the values for the pathogen treatment process operating parameters are consistent with the values or ranges of values documented in subdivision 5 b (3) of this subsection.

c. (1) The sewage sludge shall be analyzed prior to pathogen treatment to determine whether the sewage sludge contains viable helminth ova.

(2) When the density of viable helminth ova in the sewage sludge prior to pathogen treatment is less than one per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis), the sewage sludge is Class A with respect to viable helminth ova until the next monitoring episode for the sewage sludge.

(3) When the density of viable helminth ova in the sewage sludge prior to pathogen treatment is equal to or greater than one per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis), the sewage sludge is Class A with respect to viable helminth ova when the density of viable helminth ova in the sewage sludge after pathogen treatment is less than one per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) and when the values or ranges of values for the operating parameters for the pathogen treatment process that produces the sewage sludge that meets the viable helminth ova density requirement are documented.

(4) After the viable helminth ova reduction in subdivision 5 c (3) of this subsection is demonstrated for the pathogen treatment process, the sewage sludge continues to be Class A with respect to viable helminth ova when the values for the pathogen treatment process operating parameters are consistent with the values or ranges of values documented in subdivision 5 c (3) of this subsection.

6. Class A - Alternative 4.

a. Either the density of fecal coliform in the sewage sludge biosolids shall be less than 1,000 Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria in the sewage sludge biosolids shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is used [ or disposed ]; at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the sewage sludge biosolids or material derived from sewage sludge biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in 9VAC25-31-510 B, C, E, or F.

b. The density of enteric viruses in the sewage sludge biosolids shall be less than one Plaque-forming Unit per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is used [ or disposed ]; at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the sewage sludge biosolids or material derived from sewage sludge biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in 9VAC25-31-510 B, C, E, or F, unless otherwise specified by the board.

c. The density of viable helminth ova in the sewage sludge biosolids shall be less than one per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is used [ or disposed ]; at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the sewage sludge biosolids or material derived from sewage sludge biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in 9VAC25-31-510 B, C, E, or F unless otherwise specified by the board.

7. Class A - Alternative 5.

a. Either the density of fecal coliform in the sewage sludge biosolids shall be less than 1,000 Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella, sp. bacteria in the sewage sludge biosolids shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is used [ or disposed ]; at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the sewage sludge biosolids or material derived from sewage sludge biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in 9VAC25-31-510 B, C, E, or F.

b. Sewage sludge Biosolids that is used or disposed shall be treated in one of the processes to further reduce pathogens described in 9VAC25-31-710 E subsection E of this section.

8. Class A - Alternative 6.

a. Either the density of fecal coliform in the sewage sludge biosolids shall be less than 1,000 Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella, sp. bacteria in the sewage sludge biosolids shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is used [ or disposed ]; at the time the sewage sludge biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the sewage sludge biosolids or material derived from sewage sludge biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in 9VAC25-31-510 B, C, E, or F.

b. Sewage sludge Biosolids that is used or disposed shall be treated in a process that is equivalent to a process to further reduce pathogens, as determined by the board.

B. Sewage sludge Biosolids - Class B.

1. a. The requirements in either 9VAC25-31-710 B 2, B 3, or B 4 subdivision 3, 4, or 5 of this subsection shall be met for a sewage sludge biosolids to be classified Class B with respect to pathogens.

b. 2. The site restrictions in 9VAC25-31-710 B 5 subdivision 6 of this subsection shall be met when sewage sludge biosolids that meets the Class B pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-31-710 B 2, B 3, or B 4 subdivision 3, 4, or 5 of this subsection is applied to the land.

2. 3. Class B - Alternative 1.

a. Seven representative samples of the sewage sludge biosolids that is used or disposed shall be collected.

b. The geometric mean of the density of fecal coliform in the samples collected in subdivision 2 3 a of this subsection shall be less than either 2,000,000 Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis) or 2,000,000 Colony Forming Units per gram of total solids (dry weight basis).

3. 4. Class B - Alternative 2. Sewage sludge Biosolids that is used or disposed shall be treated in one of the processes to significantly reduce pathogens described in 9VAC25-31-710 D subsection D of this section.

4. 5. Class B - Alternative 3. Sewage sludge Biosolids that is used or disposed shall be treated in a process that is equivalent to a process to significantly reduce pathogens, as determined by the board.

5. 6. Site restrictions.

a. Food crops with harvested parts that touch the sewage sludge/soil mixture biosolids/soil mixture and are totally above the land surface shall not be harvested for 14 months after application of sewage sludge biosolids.

b. Food crops with harvested parts below the surface of the land shall not be harvested for 20 months after application of sewage sludge biosolids when the sewage sludge biosolids remains on the land surface for four months or longer prior to incorporation into the soil.

c. Food crops with harvested parts below the surface of the land shall not be harvested for 38 months after application of sewage sludge biosolids when the sewage sludge biosolids remains on the land surface for less than four months prior to incorporation into the soil.

d. Food crops, feed crops, and fiber crops shall not be harvested for 30 days after application of sewage sludge biosolids.

e. Animals shall not be grazed on the land for 30 days after application of sewage sludge biosolids.

f. Turf grown on land where sewage sludge biosolids is applied shall not be harvested for one year after application of the sewage sludge biosolids when the harvested turf is placed on either land with a high potential for public exposure or a lawn, unless otherwise specified by the board.

g. Public access to land with a high potential for public exposure shall be restricted for one year after application of sewage sludge biosolids.

h. Public access to land with a low potential for public exposure shall be restricted for 30 days after application of sewage sludge biosolids.

C. Domestic septage [ . 1.: ] The site restrictions in subdivision B 5 6 of this section shall be met when domestic septage is applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site [ ; or. ]

[ 2. The pH of domestic septage applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site shall be raised to 12 or higher by alkaline addition and, without the addition of more alkaline material, shall remain at 12 or higher for 30 minutes and the site restrictions in subdivisions B 5 6 a through B 5 6 d of this section shall be met. ]

D. Processes to significantly reduce pathogens (PSRP).

1. Aerobic digestion. Sewage sludge is agitated with air or oxygen to maintain aerobic conditions for a specific mean cell residence time at a specific temperature. Values for the mean cell residence time and temperature shall be between 40 days at 20°C and 60 days at 15°C.

2. Air drying. Sewage sludge is dried on sand beds or on paved or unpaved basins. The sewage sludge dries for a minimum of three months. During two of the three months, the ambient average daily temperature is above 0°C.

3. Anaerobic digestion. Sewage sludge is treated in the absence of air for a specific mean cell residence time at a specific temperature. Values for the mean cell residence time and temperature shall be between 15 days at 35°C to 55°C and 60 days at 20°C.

4. Composting. Using either the within-vessel, static aerated pile, or windrow composting methods, the temperature of the sewage sludge is raised to 40°C or higher and remains at 40°C or higher for five days. For four hours during the five days, the temperature in the compost pile exceeds 55°C.

5. Lime stabilization. Sufficient lime is added to the sewage sludge to raise the pH of the sewage sludge to 12 after two hours of contact.

E. Processes to further reduce pathogens (PFRP).

1. Composting. Using either the within-vessel composting method or the static aerated pile composting method, the temperature of the sewage sludge is maintained at 55°C or higher for three days. Using the windrow composting method, the temperature of the sewage sludge is maintained at 55°C or higher for 15 days or longer. During the period when the compost is maintained at 55°C or higher, there shall be a minimum of five turnings of the windrow.

2. Heat drying. Sewage sludge is dried by direct or indirect contact with hot gases to reduce the moisture content of the sewage sludge to 10.0% or lower. Either the temperature of the sewage sludge particles exceeds 80°C or the wet bulb temperature of the gas in contact with the sewage sludge as the sewage sludge leaves the dryer exceeds 80°C.

3. Heat treatment. Liquid sewage sludge is heated to a temperature of 180°C or higher for 30 minutes.

4. Thermophilic aerobic digestion. Liquid sewage sludge is agitated with air or oxygen to maintain aerobic conditions and the mean cell residence time of the sewage sludge is 10 days at 55°C to 60°C.

5. Beta ray irradiation. Sewage sludge is irradiated with beta rays from an accelerator at dosages of at least 1.0 megarad at room temperature (ca. 20°C).

6. Gamma ray irradiation. Sewage sludge is irradiated with gamma rays from certain isotopes, such as Cobalt 60 and Cesium 137, at dosages of at least 1.0 megarad at room temperature (ca. 20°C).

7. Pasteurization. The temperature of the sewage sludge is maintained at 70°C or higher for 30 minutes or longer.

9VAC25-31-720. Vector attraction reduction.

A. Vector attraction reduction requirements:

A. 1. One of the vector attraction reduction requirements in subdivisions B 1 through B 10 of this section shall be met when bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site.

2. One of the vector attraction reduction requirements in subdivisions B 1 through B 8 of this section shall be met when bulk sewage sludge biosolids is applied to a lawn or a home garden.

3. One of the vector attraction reduction requirements in subdivisions B 1 through B 8 of this section shall be met when sewage sludge biosolids is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land.

4. One of the vector attraction reduction requirements in subdivisions B 1 through B 11 of this section shall be met when sewage sludge (other than domestic septage) is placed on an active sewage sludge unit.

5. One of the vector attraction reduction requirements in subdivision B 9, B 10, or B 12 of this section shall be met when domestic septage is applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site and one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in subdivisions B 9 through B 12 of this section shall be met when domestic septage is placed on an active sewage sludge unit.

B. Vector attraction reduction options:

B. 1. The mass of volatile solids in the sewage sludge shall be reduced by a minimum of 38%, calculated according to the method in 9VAC25-31-490 B 8.

2. When the 38% volatile solids reduction requirement in subdivision 1 of this subsection cannot be met for an anaerobically digested sewage sludge, vector attraction reduction can be demonstrated by digesting a portion of the previously digested sewage sludge anaerobically in the laboratory in a bench-scale unit for 40 additional days at a temperature between 30°C and 37°C. When at the end of the 40 days, the volatile solids in the sewage sludge at the beginning of that period is reduced by less than 17%, vector attraction reduction is achieved.

3. When the 38% volatile solids reduction requirement in subdivision 1 of this section cannot be met for an aerobically digested sewage sludge, vector attraction reduction can be demonstrated by digesting a portion of the previously digested sewage sludge that has a percent solids of 2.0% or less aerobically in the laboratory in a bench-scale unit for 30 additional days at 20°C. When at the end of the 30 days, the volatile solids in the sewage sludge at the beginning of that period is reduced by less than 15%, vector attraction reduction is achieved.

4. The specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) for sewage sludge treated in an aerobic process shall be equal to or less than 1.5 milligrams of oxygen per hour per gram of total solids (dry weight basis) at a temperature of 20°C.

5. Sewage sludge shall be treated in an aerobic process for 14 days or longer. During that time, the temperature of the sewage sludge shall be higher than 40°C and the average temperature of the sewage sludge shall be higher than 45°C.

6. The pH of sewage sludge shall be raised to 12 or higher by alkaline addition and, without the addition of more alkaline material, shall remain at 12 or higher for two hours and then at 11.5 or higher for an additional 22 hours.

7. The percent solids of sewage sludge that does not contain unstabilized solids generated in a primary wastewater treatment process shall be equal to or greater than 75% based on the moisture content and total solids prior to mixing with other materials.

8. The percent solids of sewage sludge that contains unstabilized solids generated in a primary wastewater treatment process shall be equal to or greater than 90% based on the moisture content and total solids prior to mixing with other materials.

9. Sewage sludge injection requirements:

9. a. Sewage sludge shall be injected below the surface of the land.

b. No significant amount of the sewage sludge shall be present on the land surface within one hour after the sewage sludge is injected.

c. When the sewage sludge that is injected below the surface of the land is Class A with respect to pathogens, the sewage sludge shall be injected below the land surface within eight hours after being discharged from the pathogen treatment process.

10. Sewage sludge incorporation requirements:

10. a. Sewage sludge applied to the land surface or placed on an active sewage sludge unit shall be incorporated into the soil within six hours after application to or placement on the land, unless otherwise specified by the board.

b. When sewage sludge that is incorporated into the soil is Class A with respect to pathogens, the sewage sludge shall be applied to or placed on the land within eight hours after being discharged from the pathogen treatment process.

11. Sewage sludge placed on an active sewage sludge unit shall be covered with soil or other material at the end of each operating day.

12. The pH of domestic septage shall be raised to 12 or higher by alkaline addition and, without the addition of more alkaline material, shall remain at 12 or higher for 30 minutes.

[ DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE (9VAC25-31)

Method 1668B Chlorinated Biphenyl Congeners in Water, Soil, Sediment, Biosolids, and Tissue by HRGC/HRMS, EPA-821-R-08-020, November 2008, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Officer of Water and Office of Science and Technology Engineering and Analysis Division (4303T), 1200 Pennsylviania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20460. ]

Part I
General

9VAC25-32-10. Definitions.

A. The following words and terms, when used in this chapter and in VPA permits issued under this chapter shall have the meanings defined in the State Water Control Law, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise and as follows:

"Active sewage sludge unit" means a sewage sludge unit that has not closed.

"Aerobic digestion" means the biochemical decomposition of organic matter in sewage sludge into carbon dioxide and water by microorganisms in the presence of air.

"Agricultural land" means land on which a food crop, a feed crop, or a fiber crop is grown. This includes range land and land used as pasture.

"Agronomic rate" means [ , in regard to biosolids, ] the whole sludge application rate (dry weight basis) designed: (i) to provide the amount of nitrogen needed by the food crop, feed crop, fiber crop, cover crop, or vegetation grown on the land and (ii) to minimize the amount of nitrogen in the biosolids that passes below the root zone of the crop or vegetation grown on the land to the [ ground water groundwater ].

"Anaerobic digestion" means the biochemical decomposition of organic matter in sewage sludge or biosolids into methane gas and carbon dioxide by microorganisms in the absence of air.

"Annual pollutant loading rate" or "APLR" means the maximum amount of a pollutant that can be applied to a unit area of land during a 365-day period.

"Annual whole sludge application rate" or "AWSAR" means the maximum amount of biosolids (dry weight basis) that can be applied to a unit area of land during a 365-day period.

"Apply biosolids" or "biosolids applied to the land" means land application of biosolids.

"Best Management Practices (BMP)" means a schedule of activities, prohibition of practices, maintenance procedures and other management practices to prevent or reduce the pollution of state waters. BMP's include treatment requirements, operating and maintenance procedures, schedule of activities, prohibition of activities, and other management practices to control plant site runoff, spillage, leaks, sludge or waste disposal, or drainage from raw material storage.

"Biosolids" means a sewage sludge that has received an established treatment and is managed in a manner to meet the required pathogen control and vector attraction reduction, and contains concentrations of regulated pollutants below the ceiling limits established in 40 CFR Part 503 and 9VAC25-32-660, such that it meets the standards established for use of biosolids for land application, marketing, or distribution in accordance with this regulation. [ Liquid biosolids contains less than 15% dry residue by weight. Dewatered biosolids contains 15% or more dry residue by weight. ]

"Board" means the Virginia State Water Control Board or State Water Control Board.

"Bulk biosolids" means biosolids that are not sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land.

"Bypass" means intentional diversion of waste streams from any portion of a treatment works.

"Concentrated confined animal feeding operation" means an animal feeding operation at which:

1. At least the following number and types of animals are confined:

a. 300 slaughter and feeder cattle;

b. 200 mature dairy cattle (whether milked or dry cows);

c. 750 swine each weighing over 25 kilograms (approximately 55 pounds);

d. 150 horses;

e. 3,000 sheep or lambs;

f. 16,500 turkeys;

g. 30,000 laying hens or broilers; or

h. 300 animal units; and

2. Treatment works are required to store wastewater, or otherwise prevent a point source discharge of wastewater pollutants to state waters from the animal feeding operation except in the case of a storm event greater than the 25-year, 24-hour storm.

"Confined animal feeding operation" means a lot or facility together with any associated treatment works where the following conditions are met:

1. Animals have been, are, or will be stabled or confined and fed or maintained for a total of 45 days or more in any 12-month period; and

2. Crops, vegetation forage growth, or post-harvest residues are not sustained over any portion of the operation of the lot or facility.

[ "Cover crop" means a crop, such as oats, wheat, or barley, not grown for harvest. ]

"Critical areas" and "critical waters" means areas and waters in proximity to shellfish waters, a public water supply, or recreation or other waters where health or water quality concerns are identified by the Department of Health.

"Cumulative pollutant loading rate" means the maximum amount of an inorganic pollutant that can be applied to an area of land.

"Density of microorganisms" means the number of microorganisms per unit mass of total solids (dry weight) in the sewage sludge.

"Department" means the Department of Environmental Quality.

"Director" means the Director of the Department of Environmental Quality, or an authorized representative.

"Discharge" means, when used without qualification, a discharge of a pollutant or any addition of any pollutant or combination of pollutants to state waters or waters of the contiguous zone or ocean other than discharge from a vessel or other floating craft when being used as a means of transportation.

"Discharge of a pollutant" means any addition of any pollutant or combination of pollutants to state waters or waters of the contiguous zone or ocean other than discharge from a vessel or other floating craft when being used as a means of transportation.

"Domestic septage" means either liquid or solid material removed from a septic tank, cesspool, portable toilet, Type III marine sanitation device, or similar treatment works that receives only domestic sewage. Domestic septage does not include liquid or solid material removed from a septic tank, cesspool, or similar treatment works that receives either commercial wastewater or industrial wastewater and does not include grease removed from a grease trap at a restaurant.

"Domestic sewage" means waste and wastewater from humans or household operations that is discharged to or otherwise enters a treatment works.

"Draft VPA permit" means a document indicating the board's tentative decision to issue, deny, modify, revoke and reissue, terminate or reissue a VPA permit. A notice of intent to terminate a VPA permit and a notice of intent to deny a VPA permit are types of draft VPA permits. A denial of a request for modification, revocation and reissuance or termination is not a draft VPA permit.

"Dry tons" means dry weight established as representative of land applied biosolids and expressed in units of English tons.

"Dry weight" means the measured weight of a sample of sewage sludge or biosolids after all moisture has been removed in accordance with the standard methods of testing and often represented as percent solids.

"Dry weight basis" means calculated on the basis of having been dried at 105°C until reaching a constant mass (i.e., essentially 100% solids content).

"Exceptional quality biosolids" means biosolids that have received an established level of treatment for pathogen control and vector attraction reduction and contain known levels of pollutants, such that they may be marketed or distributed for public use in accordance with this regulation.

"Facilities" means [ , in regard to biosolids, ] processes, equipment, storage devices and dedicated sites, located or operated separately from a treatment works, utilized for sewage sludge management including, but not limited to, handling, treatment, transport, and storage of biosolids.

"Feed crops" means crops produced primarily for consumption by animals.

"Fiber crops" means crops produced primarily for the manufacture of textiles, such as flax and cotton.

"Field" means an area of land within a site where land application is proposed or permitted.

"Food crops" means crops produced primarily for consumption by humans. These include, but are not limited to, fruits, vegetables, and tobacco.

"Forest" means a tract of land thick with trees and underbrush.

"General VPA permit" means a VPA permit issued by the board authorizing a category of pollutant management activities.

"Generator" means the owner of a sewage treatment works that produces sewage sludge and biosolids.

[ "Ground water" "Groundwater" ] means water below the land surface in the saturated zone.

"Industrial wastes" means liquid or other wastes resulting from any process of industry, manufacture, trade, or business, or from the development of any natural resources.

"Land application" means [ , in regard to biosolids, ] the introduction of wastewaters or sludge into or onto the ground for treatment or reuse distribution of either treated wastewater, referred to as "effluent," or stabilized sewage sludge, referred to as "biosolids," by spreading or spraying on the surface of the land, injecting below the surface of the land, or incorporating into the soil with a uniform application rate for the purpose of fertilizing the crops and vegetation or conditioning the soil. Sites approved for land application of biosolids in accordance with this regulation are not to be considered to be treatment works. Bulk disposal of stabilized sludge in a confined area, such as in landfills, is not land application. For the purpose of this regulation, the use of biosolids in agricultural research [ is and the distribution and marketing of exceptional quality biosolids are ] not land application.

[ "Land application area" means, in regard to biosolids, the area in the permitted field, excluding the setback areas, where biosolids may be applied. ]

"Land applier" means someone who land applies biosolids pursuant to a valid permit from the department as set forth in this regulation.

"Land with a high potential for public exposure" means land that the public uses frequently. This includes, but is not limited to, a public contact site and a reclamation site located in a populated area (e.g., a construction site located in a city).

"Land with a low potential for public exposure" means land that the public uses infrequently. This includes, but is not limited to, agricultural land, forest, and a reclamation site located in an unpopulated area (e.g., a strip mine located in a rural area).

"Limitation" means any restriction imposed on quantities, rates or concentration of pollutants which are managed by pollutant management activities.

"Liner" means soil or synthetic material that has a hydraulic conductivity of 1 X 10^-7 centimeters per second or less.

"Local monitor" means a person or persons employed by a local government to perform the duties of monitoring the operations of land appliers pursuant to a local ordinance.

"Local ordinance" means an ordinance adopted by counties, cities, or towns in accordance with § 62.1-44.19:3 of the Code of Virginia.

"Malodor" means an unusually strong or offensive odor associated with biosolids or sewage sludge as distinguished from odors commonly associated with biosolids or sewage sludge.

"Monitoring report" means forms supplied by the department for use in reporting of self-monitoring results of the permittee.

"Monthly average" means the arithmetic mean of all measurements taken during the month.

"Municipality" means a city, county, town, district association, authority or other public body created under the law and having jurisdiction over disposal of sewage, industrial, or other wastes. or other public body (including an intermunicipal agency of two or more of the foregoing entities) created by or under state law; an Indian tribe or an authorized Indian tribal organization having jurisdiction over sewage sludge or biosolids management; or a designated and approved management agency under § 208 of the federal Clean Water Act, as amended. The definition includes a special district created under state law, such as a water district, sewer district, sanitary district, utility district, drainage district, or similar entity; or an integrated waste management facility as defined in § 201(e) of the federal Clean Water Act, as amended, that has as one of its principal responsibilities the treatment, transport, use, or disposal of sewage sludge or biosolids.

"Nonpoint source" means a source of pollution, such as a farm or forest land runoff, urban storm water runoff or mine runoff that is not collected or discharged as a point source.

"Odor sensitive receptor" means, in the context of land application of biosolids, [ any health care facility, such as hospitals, convalescent homes, etc. or ] a building or outdoor facility regularly used to host or serve large groups of people such as schools, dormitories, [ or ] athletic and other recreational facilities [ , and hospitals and convalescent homes ].

"Operate" means the act of any person who may have an impact on either the finished water quality at a waterworks or the final effluent at a sewage treatment works, such as to (i) place into or take out of service a unit process or unit processes, (ii) make or cause adjustments in the operation of a unit process or unit processes at a treatment works, or (iii) manage sewage sludge or biosolids.

"Operator" means any individual employed or appointed by any owner, and who is designated by such owner to be the person in responsible charge, such as a supervisor, a shift operator, or a substitute in charge, and whose duties include testing or evaluation to control waterworks or wastewater works operations. Not included in this definition are superintendents or directors of public works, city engineers, or other municipal or industrial officials whose duties do not include the actual operation or direct supervision of waterworks or wastewater works.

"Other container" means either an open or closed receptacle. This includes, but is not limited to, a bucket, a box, a carton, and a vehicle or trailer with a load capacity of one metric ton or less.

"Overflow" means the unintentional discharge of wastes from any portion of a treatment works.

"Owner" means the Commonwealth or any of its political subdivisions including sanitary districts, sanitation district commissions and authorities; federal agencies; any individual; any group of individuals acting individually or as a group; or any public or private institution, corporation, company, partnership, firm, or association that owns or proposes to own a sewerage system or treatment works as defined in § 62.1-44.3 of the Code of Virginia.

"Pasture" means land on which animals feed directly on feed crops such as legumes, grasses, grain stubble, or stover.

"Pathogenic organisms" means disease-causing organisms. These include, but are not limited to, certain bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and viable helminth ova.

"Permittee" means an owner or operator who has a currently effective VPA permit issued by the board or the department.

"Person who prepares [ sewage sludge biosolids ]" means either the person who generates [ sewage sludge biosolids ] during the treatment of domestic sewage in a treatment works or the person who derives the material from sewage sludge.

"pH" means the logarithm of the reciprocal of the hydrogen ion concentration measured at 25°C or measured at another temperature and then converted to an equivalent value at 25°C.

"Place sewage sludge" or "sewage sludge placed" means disposal of sewage sludge on a surface disposal site.

"Point source" means any discernible, defined and discrete conveyance, including but not limited to any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, vessel or other floating craft, from which pollutants are or may be discharged. This term does not include return flows from irrigated agricultural land.

"Pollutant" means, in regard to wastewater, any substance, radioactive material, or heat which causes or contributes to, or may cause or contribute to, pollution. It does not mean (i) sewage from vessels; or (ii) water, gas, or other material which is injected into a well to facilitate production of oil or gas, or water derived in association with oil or gas production and disposed of in a well, if the well is used either to facilitate production or for disposal purposes if approved by Department of Mines Minerals and Energy unless the board determines that such injection or disposal will result in the degradation of ground or surface water resources.

"Pollutant" means, in regard to sewage sludge or biosolids, an organic substance, an inorganic substance, a combination of organic and inorganic substances, or a pathogenic organism that, after discharge and upon exposure, ingestion, inhalation, or assimilation into an organism either directly from the environment or indirectly by ingestion through the food chain, could, on the basis of information available to the board, cause death, disease, behavioral abnormalities, cancer, genetic mutations, physiological malfunctions (including malfunction in reproduction), or physical deformations in either organisms or offspring of the organisms.

"Pollutant limit" means a numerical value that describes the amount of a pollutant allowed per unit amount of biosolids (e.g., milligrams per kilogram of total solids), the amount of a pollutant that can be applied to a unit area of land (e.g., kilograms per hectare), or the volume of a material that can be applied to a unit area of land (e.g., gallons per acre).

"Pollutant management activity" means a treatment works with a potential or actual discharge to state waters, but which does not have a point source discharge to surface waters.

"Pollution" means such alteration of the physical, chemical, or biological properties of any state waters or soil as will, or is likely to, create a nuisance or render such waters or soil: (i) harmful or detrimental or injurious to the public health, safety, or welfare or to the health of animals, fish, or aquatic life; (ii) unsuitable despite reasonable treatment for use as present or possible future sources of public water supply; or (iii) unsuitable for recreational, commercial, industrial, agricultural, or other reasonable uses. Such alteration is also deemed to be pollution, if there occurs: (a) an alteration of the physical, chemical, or biological property of state waters or soil, or a discharge or a deposit of sewage, industrial wastes, or other wastes to state waters or soil by any owner which by itself is not sufficient to cause pollution, but which, in combination with such alteration of, or discharge, or deposit, to state waters or soil by other owners, is sufficient to cause pollution; (b) the discharge of untreated sewage by any owner into state waters or soil; or (c) the contravention of standards of air or water quality duly established by the board.

"Primary sludge" means sewage sludge removed from primary settling tanks that is readily thickened by gravity thickeners.

"Privately owned treatment works (PVOTW)" means any sewage treatment works not publicly owned.

"Process" means a system, or an arrangement of equipment or other devices that remove from waste materials pollutants including, but not limited to, a treatment works or portions thereof.

"Public contact site" means land with a high potential for contact by the public. This includes, but is not limited to, public parks, ball fields, cemeteries, and golf courses.

"Publicly owned treatment works (POTW)" means any sewage treatment works that is owned by a state or municipality. Sewers, pipes, or other conveyances are included in this definition only if they convey wastewater to a POTW providing treatment.

"Public hearing" means a fact-finding proceeding held to afford interested persons an opportunity to submit factual data, views, and arguments to the board.

"Reclamation site" means drastically disturbed land that is reclaimed using biosolids. This includes, but is not limited to, strip mines and construction sites.

"Reimbursement application" means forms approved by the department to be used to apply for reimbursement of local monitoring costs for land application of biosolids in accordance with a local ordinance.

"Run-off" means rainwater, leachate, or other liquid that drains overland on any part of a land surface and runs off of the land surface.

"Schedule of compliance" means a schedule of remedial measures including an enforceable sequence of actions or operations leading to compliance with the federal Clean Water Act (33 USC 1251 et seq.), the law, and board regulations, standards and policies.

[ "Setback area" means the area of land between the boundary of the land application area and adjacent features where biosolids or other managed pollutants may not be land applied. ]

"Sewage" means the water-carried and nonwater-carried human excrement, kitchen, laundry, shower, bath, or lavatory wastes, separately or together with such underground, surface, storm, and other water and liquid industrial wastes as may be present from residences, buildings, vehicles, industrial establishments, or other places.

"Sewage sludge" [ or "sludge" ] means any solid, semisolid, or liquid [ residues residue ] generated during the treatment of domestic sewage in a treatment works. Sewage sludge includes, but [ it ] is not limited to, domestic septage; scum or solids removed in primary, secondary, or advanced wastewater treatment processes; and a material derived from sewage sludge. Sewage sludge does not include ash generated during the firing of sewage sludge in a sewage sludge incinerator or grit and screenings generated during preliminary treatment of domestic sewage in a treatment works. [ Liquid sludge contains less than 15% dry residue by weight. Dewatered sludge contains 15% or more dry residue by weight. ]

"Sewage sludge unit" means land on which only sewage sludge is placed for final disposal. This does not include land on which sewage sludge is either stored or treated. Land does not include surface waters.

"Sewage sludge use or disposal" means the collection, storage, treatment, transportation, processing, monitoring, use, or disposal of sewage sludge.

"Site" means the area of land within a defined boundary where an activity is proposed or permitted.

"Sludge" means solids, residues, and precipitates separated from or created by the unit processes of a treatment works.

"Sludge management" means the treatment, handling, transportation, storage, use, distribution, or disposal of sewage sludge.

"Specific oxygen uptake rate" or "SOUR" means the mass of oxygen consumed per unit time per mass of total solids (dry weight basis) in the sewage sludge.

"State waters" means all water on the surface or under the ground wholly or partially within or bordering the state or within its jurisdiction.

"State Water Control Law (law)" means Chapter 3.1 (§ 62.1-44.2 et seq.) of Title 62.1 of the Code of Virginia.

"Store sewage sludge" or "storage of sewage sludge" means the placement of sewage sludge on land on which the sewage sludge remains for two years or less. This does not include the placement of sewage sludge on land for treatment.

"Substantial compliance" means designs and practices that do not exactly conform to the standards set forth in this chapter as contained in documents submitted pursuant to 9VAC25-32-340, but whose construction or implementation will not substantially affect health considerations or performance.

"Supernatant" is a liquid obtained from separation of suspended matter during sludge treatment or storage.

"Surface disposal site" means an area of land that contains one or more active sewage sludge units.

"Surface water" means:

1. All waters which are currently used, were used in the past, or may be susceptible to use in interstate or foreign commerce, including all waters which are subject to the ebb and flow of the tide;

2. All interstate waters, including interstate "wetlands";

3. All other waters such as inter/intrastate lakes, rivers, streams (including intermittent streams), mudflats, sandflats, "wetlands," sloughs, prairie potholes, wet meadows, playa lakes, or natural ponds the use, degradation, or destruction of which would affect or could affect interstate or foreign commerce including any such waters:

a. Which are or could be used by interstate or foreign travelers for recreational or other purposes;

b. From which fish or shellfish are or could be taken and sold in interstate or foreign commerce; or

c. Which are used or could be used for industrial purposes by industries in interstate commerce;

4. All impoundments of waters otherwise defined as surface waters of the United States under this definition;

5. Tributaries of waters identified in subdivisions 1 through 4 of this definition;

6. The territorial sea; and

7. "Wetlands" adjacent to waters, other than waters that are themselves wetlands, identified in subdivisions 1 through 6 of this definition.

"Total solids" means the materials in sewage sludge that remain as residue when the sewage sludge is dried to 103°C to 105°C.

"Toxic pollutant" means any [ agent or material including, but not limited to, those listed under § 307(a) of the Clean Water Act (33 USC § 1317(a)) which after discharge will, on the basis of available information, cause toxicity pollutant listed as toxic under § 307 (a)(1) of the CWA or, in the case of "sludge use or disposal practices," any pollutant identified in regulations implementing § 405 (d) of the CWA ].

"Toxicity" means the inherent potential or capacity of a material to cause adverse effects in a living organism, including acute or chronic effects to aquatic life, detrimental effects on human health, or other adverse environmental effects.

"Treatment facility" means only those mechanical power driven devices necessary for the transmission and treatment of pollutants (e.g., pump stations, unit treatment processes).

"Treat sewage sludge" or "treatment of sewage sludge" means the preparation of sewage sludge for final use or disposal. This includes, but is not limited to, thickening, stabilization, and dewatering of sewage sludge. This does not include storage of sewage sludge.

"Treatment works" means any devices and systems used for the storage, treatment, recycling or reclamation of sewage or liquid industrial waste, or other waste or necessary to recycle or reuse water, including intercepting sewers, outfall sewers, sewage collection systems, individual systems, pumping, power and other equipment and their appurtenances; extensions, improvements, remodeling, additions, or alterations; and any works, including land that will be an integral part of the treatment process or is used for ultimate disposal of residues resulting from such treatment; or any other method or system used for preventing, abating, reducing, storing, treating, separating, or disposing of municipal waste or industrial waste, including waste in combined sewer water and sanitary sewer systems. either a federally owned, publicly owned, or privately owned device or system used to treat (including recycle and reclaim) either domestic sewage or a combination of domestic sewage and industrial waste of a liquid nature. Treatment works may include but are not limited to pumping, power, and other equipment and their appurtenances; septic tanks; and any works, including land, that are or will be (i) an integral part of the treatment process or (ii) used for ultimate disposal of residues or effluents resulting from such treatment. "Treatment works" does not include biosolids use on privately owned agricultural land.

"Twenty-five-year, 24-hour storm event" means the maximum 24-hour precipitation event with a probable recurrence interval of once in 25 years as established by the National Weather Service or appropriate regional or state rainfall probability information.

"Unstabilized solids" means organic materials in sewage sludge that have not been treated in either an aerobic or anaerobic treatment process.

"Upset" means an exceptional incident in which there is unintentional and temporary noncompliance with technology-based permit limitations because of factors beyond the permittee's reasonable control. An upset does not include noncompliance caused by operational error, improperly designed treatment facilities, inadequate treatment facilities, lack of preventive maintenance, or careless or improper operation.

"Use" means to manage or recycle a processed waste product in a manner so as to derive a measurable benefit as a result of such management.

"Variance" means a conditional approval based on a waiver of specific regulations to a specific owner relative to a specific situation under documented conditions for a specified period of time.

"Vector attraction" means the characteristic of [ biosolids or ] sewage sludge that attracts rodents, flies, mosquitoes, or other organisms capable of transporting infectious agents.

[ "Vegetated buffer" means a permanent strip of dense perennial vegetation established parallel to the contours of and perpendicular to the dominant slope of the field for the purposes of slowing water runoff, enhancing water infiltration, and minimizing the risk of any potential nutrients or pollutants from leaving the field and reaching surface waters. ]

"Virginia Pollution Abatement (VPA) permit" means a document issued by the board, pursuant to this chapter, authorizing pollutant management activities under prescribed conditions.

"Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (VPDES) permit" means a document issued by the board pursuant to 9VAC25-31-10 et seq., authorizing, under prescribed conditions, the potential or actual discharge of pollutants from a point source to surface waters.

"Volatile solids" means the amount of the total solids in sewage sludge lost when the sewage sludge is combusted at 550°C in the presence of excess air.

"VPA application" means the standard form or forms approved by the board for applying for a VPA permit.

"Water quality standards" means the narrative statements for general requirements and numeric limits for specific requirements that describe the water quality necessary to meet and maintain reasonable and beneficial uses. Such standards are established by the board under § 62.1-44.15 (3a) of the Code of Virginia.

B. Generally used technical terms not defined in subsection A of this section or the department's latest definitions of technical terms as used to implement § 62.1-44.15 of the Code of Virginia shall be defined in accordance with "Glossary-Water and Wastewater Control Engineering" published by the American Public Health Association (APHA), American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), American Water Works Association (AWWA), and the Water Environment Federation (WEF).

9VAC25-32-30. Requirements and prohibitions.

A. All pollutant management activities covered under a VPA permit shall maintain no point source discharge of pollutants to surface waters except in the case of a storm event greater than the 25-year, 24-hour storm.

B. 1. Except in compliance with a VPA permit, or another permit issued by the board, it shall be unlawful for any person to:

a. 1. Discharge into, or adjacent to, state waters sewage, industrial wastes, other wastes, or any noxious or deleterious substances; or

b. 2. Otherwise alter the physical, chemical or biological properties of such state waters and make them detrimental to the public health, or to animal or aquatic life, or to the use of such waters for domestic or industrial consumption, or for recreation, or for other uses.

2. C. Any person required to obtain a permit pursuant to this chapter who discharges or causes or allows a discharge of sewage, industrial waste, other wastes or any noxious or deleterious substance into or upon state waters in violation of subdivision subsection B 1 of this section; or who discharges or causes or allows a discharge that may reasonably be expected to enter state waters in violation of subdivision subsection B 1 of this section shall notify the department of the discharge immediately upon discovery of the discharge and, in any event, no later than 24 hours after the discovery. A written report of the unauthorized discharge shall be submitted by the owner, to the department, within five days of discovery of the discharge.

a. 1. The written report shall contain:

(1) a. A description of the nature of the discharge;

(2) b. The cause of the discharge;

(3) c. The date on which the discharge occurred;

(4) d. The length of time that the discharge continued;

(5) e. The volume of the discharge;

(6) f. If the discharge is continuing, how long it is expected to continue;

(7) g. If the discharge is continuing, what the expected total volume of the discharge will be; and

(8) h. Any steps planned or taken to reduce, eliminate and prevent a recurrence of the present discharge or any future discharges not authorized by the permit.

b. 2. Discharges reportable to the department under the immediate reporting requirements of other regulations are exempted from this requirement.

C. D. VPA permits may be utilized to authorize pollutant management activities including, but not limited to, animal feeding operations, storage or land application of sewage, sludge, biosolids, industrial waste or other waste; or the complete reuse or recycle of wastewater. Point source discharges of pollutants to surface waters may be authorized by a VPDES permit (See 9VAC25-31-10 et seq. 9VAC25-31, VPDES Permit Regulation).

D. E. No VPA permit shall be issued in the following circumstances:

1. Where the terms or conditions of the VPA permit do not comply with the applicable regulations or requirements of the law;

2. For the discharge of any radiological, chemical or biological warfare agent or high level radioactive material into state waters; or

3. For any pollutant management activity that is in conflict with any area-wide or basin-wide water quality control and waste management plan or policy established by the board pursuant to the law.

9VAC25-32-40. Exclusions.

The following do not require a VPA permit:

1. The introduction of sewage, industrial waste or other pollutants into publicly owned treatment works by indirect dischargers. Plans or agreements to switch to this method of disposal in the future do not relieve dischargers of the obligation to have and comply with VPA permits until all discharges of pollutants to state waters are eliminated;

2. Any introduction of pollutants from nonpoint source agricultural or silvicultural activities, including runoff from orchards, cultivated crops, pastures, range lands, and forest lands, except that this exclusion shall not apply to concentrated confined animal feeding operations;

3. Return flows from irrigated agricultural land;

4. Land disposal activity, including biosolids use or sewage sludge use or disposal or onsite waste treatment, when this activity is otherwise authorized by the Department of Environmental Quality department; [ and

5. Land disposal activity, including onsite waste treatment, when this activity is authorized by a Virginia Department of Health permit; and ]

[ 5. 6. ] Discharges authorized by EPA under the Safe Drinking Water Act Underground Injection Control Program (UIC), 40 CFR Part 144, and approved, in writing, by the board.

Part II
Permit Application and Issuance

9VAC25-32-60. Application for a VPA permit.

A. Duty to apply. Any owner of a pollutant management activity who does not have an effective VPA permit, except persons covered by general VPA permits or excluded under 9VAC25-32-40, shall submit a complete application to the department in accordance with this section.

1. a. A complete VPA permit application shall be submitted by the owner of the pollutant management activity before a VPA permit can be issued. This item does not apply where general VPA permits are applicable.

b. The board may require the submission of additional information after an application has been filed, and may suspend processing of any application until such time as the owner has supplied missing or deficient information and the board considers the application complete. Further, when the owner becomes aware that he omitted one or more relevant facts from a VPA permit application, or submitted incorrect information in a VPA permit application or in any report to the department, he shall promptly submit such facts or the correct information.

c. In accordance with § 62.1-44.19:3 A of the Code of Virginia, no application for a permit or variance to authorize the storage of sewage sludge shall be complete unless it contains certification from the governing body of the locality in which the sewage sludge is to be stored that the storage site is consistent with all applicable ordinances. The governing body shall confirm or deny consistency within 30 days of receiving a request for certification. If the governing body does not so respond, the site shall be deemed consistent.

d. No application for a permit to land apply biosolids in accordance with Part IX (9VAC25-32-310 et seq.) of this chapter shall be complete unless it includes the written consent of the landowner to apply biosolids on his property.

B. Time to apply.

2. a. 1. Any owner proposing a new pollutant management activity shall submit an application for a VPA permit 180 days prior to the date planned for commencing erection, construction or expansion or employment of new processes at any site. There shall be no operation of said facilities prior to the issuance of a VPA permit.

b. 2. Any owner with an existing pollutant management activity that has not been permitted shall submit an application within 60 days upon being requested to by the board. The board, after determining there is pollution occurring, may allow the construction of treatment works prior to permit issuance. There shall be no operation of said treatment works prior to permit issuance.

c. 3. Owners currently managing pollutants who have effective VPA permits shall submit a new application 180 days prior to proposed facility expansions, production increases, or process modification which will:

(1) a. Result in significantly new or substantially increased amounts of pollutants being managed or a significant change in the nature of the pollutant management activity that was not anticipated and accounted for on the application for the effective VPA permit; or

(2) b. Violate or lead to violation of the terms and conditions of the effective VPA permit.

3. Pursuant to § 62.1-44.15:3 of the Code of Virginia, no application for a VPA permit from a privately owned treatment works serving, or designed to serve, 50 or more residences shall be considered complete unless the applicant has provided the department with notification from the State Corporation Commission that the applicant is incorporated in the Commonwealth and is in compliance with all regulations and relevant orders of the State Corporation Commission.

B. C. Duty to reapply. Any permittee with an effective VPA permit shall submit a new application at least 180 days before the expiration date of the effective VPA permit unless permission for a later date has been granted by the board. Permission shall not be granted to submit an application later than the expiration date of the existing VPA permit.

D. Completeness.

1. A complete VPA permit application shall be submitted by the owner of the pollutant management activity before a VPA permit can be issued. The permit application may be submitted as a hard copy or electronically with a hard copy signature page. This item does not apply where general VPA permits are applicable.

2. The board may require the submission of additional information after an application has been filed, and may suspend processing of any application until such time as the owner has supplied missing or deficient information and the board considers the application complete. Further, when the owner becomes aware that he omitted one or more relevant facts from a VPA permit application, or submitted incorrect information in a VPA permit application or in any report to the department, he shall promptly submit such facts or the correct information.

3. In accordance with § 62.1-44.19:3 A of the Code of Virginia, no application for a permit or variance to authorize the storage of biosolids shall be complete unless it contains certification from the governing body of the locality in [ which ] the biosolids is to be stored that the storage site is consistent with all applicable ordinances. The governing body shall confirm or deny consistency within 30 days of receiving a request for certification. If the governing body does not so respond, the site shall be deemed consistent.

4. No application for a permit to land apply biosolids in accordance with Part IX [ (9VAC25-32-310 et seq.) (9VAC25-32-303 et seq.) ] of this chapter shall be complete unless it includes the written consent of the landowner to apply biosolids on his property.

5. Pursuant to § 62.1-44.15:3 of the Code of Virginia, no application for a VPA permit from a privately owned treatment works serving, or designed to serve, 50 or more residences shall be considered complete unless the applicant has provided the department with notification from the State Corporation Commission that the applicant is incorporated in the Commonwealth and is in compliance with all regulations and relevant orders of the State Corporation Commission.

C. E. Information requirements. All applicants for VPA permits shall provide information in accordance with to the department using the [ most current ] application forms provided by the [ department board ].

F. Application for the authorization to land apply biosolids. All persons applying to land apply biosolids must provide the information in this subsection to the department using an application form approved by the department. New applicants must submit all information available at the time of permit application. The information may be provided by referencing information previously submitted to the department. The board may waive any requirement of this subsection if it has access to substantially identical information. The board may also waive any requirement of this subsection that is not of material concern for a specific permit.

1. General information.

a. Legal name and address.

b. Owner contact information [ including:

(1) Name;

(2) Mailing address;

(3) Telephone number; and

(4) Email address ].

c. A general description of the proposed [ plan activity ] including:

(1) Name and location of generators [ involved ] and [ their ] owners [ involved ];

(2) Biosolids quality [ , and the generator's ] biosolids treatment and handling processes;

(3) Generator's odor control plan, that contains at minimum:

(a) Methods used to minimize odor in producing biosolids;

(b) Methods used to identify malodorous biosolids before land application (at the generating facility);

(c) Methods used to [ identify and ] abate malodorous biosolids if delivered to the field, prior to land application; and

(d) Methods used to abate malodor from biosolids if land applied;

(4) Means of biosolids transport or conveyance;

(5) Location and volume of storage proposed;

(6) A description of field staging methods;

(7) General location of sites proposed for application, and

(8) Methods of biosolids application proposed.

d. Written permission of landowners [ and farmers ] on [ a the most current ] form approved by the board and pertinent lease agreements as may be necessary for operation of the treatment works.

e. Methods for notification of local government and obtaining compliance with local government zoning and applicable ordinances.

f. A copy of a letter of approval of the nutrient management plan for the operation from the Department of Conservation and Recreation if required in subdivision [ 3 c 3 b ] of this subsection.

2. Design information.

a. Biosolids characterization. For each source of biosolids that the applicant proposes to land apply, the applicant must submit biosolids monitoring data for the pollutants for which limits in biosolids have been established in Part IX (9VAC25-32-303 et seq.) of this chapter, for the applicant's use or disposal practices on the date of permit application with the following conditions:

(1) When applying for authorization to land apply a biosolids source not previously included in a VPDES or [ Virginia Pollution Abatement Permit VPA permit ], the biosolids shall be sampled and analyzed for PCBs. The sample results shall be submitted with the permit application or request to add the source;

(2) The board may require sampling for additional pollutants, as appropriate, on a case-by-case basis;

(3) Applicants must provide:

(a) Biosolids analytical data from a minimum of three samples taken within four and one-half years prior to the date of the permit application. Samples must be representative of the biosolids and should be taken at least one month apart. Existing data may be used in lieu of sampling done solely for the purpose of this application [ . The department may reduce the number of samples collected based on site specific conditions ];

(b) The total dry tons per 365-day period of biosolids subject to this subsection that is applied to the land; and

(c) A statement that the biosolids is nonhazardous; a documentation statement for treatment and quality; and a description of how treated biosolids meets other standards in accordance with this regulation;

(4) Samples shall be collected and analyzed in accordance with analytical methods specified in [ EPA-SW-846, Third Edition (1986) with Revision I unless an alternative has been specified in an existing biosolids permit. Samples for PCB analysis shall be collected and analyzed in accordance with EPA Method 1668B; 40 CFR Part 503 (March 26, 2007) and 40 CFR Part 136 (March 26, 2007); ] and

(5) The monitoring data provided must include at least the following information for each parameter:

(a) Average monthly concentration for all samples (mg/kg dry weight), based upon actual sample values;

(b) Analytical method used; and

(c) Method detection level.

b. Storage facilities. Plans and specifications for storage facilities of all biosolids to be handled, including routine and on-site storage, shall be submitted for the issuance of a certificate to construct and a certificate to operate in accordance with the Sewage Collection and Treatment Regulations (9VAC25-790) and shall depict the following information:

(1) Site layout on a recent 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle or other appropriate scaled map;

(2) Location of any required soil, geologic, and hydrologic test holes or borings;

(3) Location of the following field features within 0.25 miles of the site boundary (indicate on map) with the approximate distance from the site boundary:

(a) Water wells (operating or abandoned);

(b) Surface waters;

(c) Springs;

(d) Public water supplies;

(e) Sinkholes;

(f) Underground and surface mines;

(g) Mine pool (or other) surface water discharge points;

(h) Mining spoil piles and mine dumps;

(i) Quarries;

(j) Sand and gravel pits;

(k) Gas and oil wells;

(l) Diversion ditches;

(m) Occupied dwellings, including industrial and commercial establishments;

(n) Landfills and dumps;

(o) Other unlined impoundments;

(p) Septic tanks and drainfields; and

(q) Injection wells.

(4) Topographic map (10-foot contour preferred) of sufficient detail to clearly [ shown show ] the following information:

(a) Maximum and minimum percent slopes;

(b) Depressions on the site that may collect water;

(c) Drainage ways that may attribute to rainfall run-on to or runoff from [ this the ] site; and

(d) Portions of the site (if any) that are located within the 100-year floodplain;

(5) Data and specifications for the liner proposed for seepage control;

(6) Scaled plan view and cross-sectional view of the facilities showing inside and outside slopes of all embankments and details of all appurtenances;

(7) Calculations justifying impoundment capacity; and

(8) [ Ground water Groundwater ] monitoring plans for facilities [ proposing storage of liquid biosolids or supernatant, including if required by the department. The groundwater monitoring plan shall include ] pertinent geohydrological data to justify upgradient and downgradient well location and depth.

c. Staging. Generic plans for staging of biosolids.

d. Land application sites:

(1) DEQ control number, if previously assigned, identifying each land application field [ or. If a DEQ control number has not been assigned, provide the ] site [ identification code used by the permit applicant to report activities ] and the site's location;

(2) The site's latitude and longitude [ to the nearest second in decimal degrees to three decimal places ] and the method of determination;

(3) A legible topographic map [ and aerial photograph, including legend, ] of proposed application areas to scale as needed to depict the following features:

(a) Property boundaries;

(b) Surface water courses;

(c) Water supply wells and springs;

(d) Roadways;

(e) Rock outcrops;

(f) Slopes;

(g) Frequently flooded areas (National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) designation); [ and

(h) Occupied dwellings within 400 feet of the property boundaries and all existing dwelling and property line setback distances;

(i) Publicly accessible properties and occupied buildings within 400 feet of the property boundaries and the associated extended setback distances; and

(j) ] The gross acreage of the fields where biosolids will be applied;

(4) County map or other map of sufficient detail to show general location of the site and proposed transport vehicle haul routes to be utilized from the treatment plant;

(5) County tax maps [ labeled with Tax Parcel ID or IDs ] for each farm to be included in the permit, which may include multiple fields [ to depict properties within 400 feet of the field boundaries ];

(6) A USDA soil survey map, if available, of proposed sites for land application of biosolids;

(7) The name, mailing address, and telephone number of [ the each ] site owner, if different from the applicant;

(8) The name, mailing address, and telephone number of the person who applies biosolids to the site, if different from the applicant;

(9) Whether the site is agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site, as such site types are defined in [ 9VAC25-31-500 9VAC25-32-10 ];

(10) Description of agricultural practices including a list of proposed crops to be grown;

[ (11) Whether either of the vector attraction reduction options of 9VAC25-32-685 B 9 or B 10 is met at the site and a description of any procedures employed at the time of use to reduce vector attraction properties in biosolids;

(12) For projects utilizing frequent application of biosolids at agronomic rates the following additional site information will be necessary:

(a) Information specified in subdivisions 2 a and 4 of this subsection;

(b) Representative soil borings and test pits to a depth of five feet or to bedrock if shallower, are to be coordinated for each major soil type and tests performed and data collected on soil type; soil texture for each horizon (USDA classification); soil color for each horizon; depth from surface to mottling and bedrock if less than two feet; depth from surface to subsoil restrictive layer; indicated infiltration rate (surface soil) and indicated permeability of subsoil restrictive layer;

(c) Additional soil testing in accordance with Table 1 of 9VAC25-32-460; and

(d) Ground water monitoring plans for land treatment area including pertinent geohydrologic data to justify upgradient and downgradient well location and depth;

(13) (11) ] The following information for each land application site that has been identified at the time of permit application, if the applicant intends to apply bulk biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 2 Table 3 ] to the site:

(a) Whether the applicant has contacted the permitting authority in the state where the bulk biosolids subject to 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 2 Table 3 ] will be applied, to ascertain whether bulk biosolids subject to 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 2 Table 3 ] has been applied to the site on or since July 20, 1993, and if so, the name of the permitting authority and the name and phone number of a contact person at the permitting authority; and

(b) Identification of facilities other than the applicant's facility that have sent, or are sending, biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 2 Table 3 ] to the site since July 20, 1993, if, based on the inquiry in subdivision 8 d (1) of this subsection, bulk biosolids subject to cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 2 Table 3 ] has been applied to the site since July 20, 1993 [ ; and

(14) If not all land application sites have been identified at the time of permit application, the applicant must submit a land application plan that, at a minimum:

(a) Describes the geographical area covered by the plan;

(b) Identifies the site selection criteria;

(c) Describes how the site or sites will be managed;

(d) Provides for advance notice to the department of specific land application sites in a manner prescribed by 9VAC25-32-515; and

(e) Provides for advance public notice of land application sites in a manner prescribed by 9VAC25-32-140 ].

3. A biosolids [ operations ] management plan shall be provided that includes the following minimum site specific information at the time of permit application.

a. Description of operation: A comprehensive, general description of the operation [ shall be provided, including biosolids source or sources; quantities; flow diagram illustrating treatment works biosolids flows and solids handling units; site description; methodology of biosolids handling for application periods, including storage and nonapplication period storage; and alternative management methods when storage is not provided as required by 9VAC25-32-60 ].

b. A nutrient management plan approved by the Department of Conservation and Recreation [ shall be as ] required for application sites prior to board authorization under the following conditions:

(1) Sites operated by an owner or lessee of a confined animal feeding operation, as defined in subsection A of § 62.1-44.17:1 of the Code of Virginia, or confined poultry feeding operation, as defined in subsection A of § 62.1-44.17:1.1 of the Code of Virginia;

(2) Sites where land application more frequently than once every three years at greater than 50% of the annual agronomic rate is proposed; [ and ]

(3) Mined [ or disturbed ] land sites where land application is proposed at greater than agronomic rates [ .; or

(4) Other sites based on site-specific conditions that increase the risk that land application may adversely impact state waters. ]

4. Biosolids transport.

a. [ Description and specifications on the bed or the tank vehicle General description of transport vehicles to be used ].

[ b. Haul routes to be used from the biosolids generator to the storage unit and land application sites.

c. b. ] Procedures for biosolids offloading at the biosolids facilities and the land application site together with spill prevention, cleanup (including vehicle cleaning); field reclamation and emergency spill notification and cleanup measures.

[ d. c. ] Voucher system used for documentation and recordkeeping.

5. Field operations.

a. Storage.

(1) Routine storage - supernatant handling and disposal, biosolids handling and loading of transport vehicles, equipment cleaning, freeboard maintenance, and inspections for structural integrity.

(2) On-site storage - procedures for department or board approval and implementation.

(3) Staging - procedures to be followed including either designated site locations provided in the "Design Information" or the specific site criteria for such locations including the liner or cover requirements and the time limit assigned for such use.

(4) [ Field reclamation Reestablishment ] of offloading [ (staging) and staging ] areas.

b. Application methodology.

(1) Description and specifications on spreader vehicles.

(2) Procedures for calibrating equipment for various biosolids contents to ensure uniform distribution and appropriate loading rates on a day-to-day basis.

(3) Procedures used to ensure that operations address the following constraints: application of biosolids to frozen ground, pasture or hay fields, crops for direct human consumption and saturated or ice-covered or snow-covered ground; [ maintenance of buffer zones; establishment of setback distances; ] slopes; prohibited access for beef and dairy animals, and soil pH requirements; and proper site specific biosolids loading rates on a field-by-field basis.

c. Odor control plan for land applier. Include at a minimum:

(1) Methods used to identify and abate malodorous biosolids in the field prior to land application, and

(2) Methods used to abate malodorous biosolids if land applied.

6. An applicant for a permit authorizing the land application of biosolids shall provide to the department, and to each locality in which the applicant proposes to land apply biosolids, written evidence of financial responsibility. Evidence of financial responsibility shall be provided in accordance with the requirements specified under Article 6 (9VAC25-32-770 et seq.) of Part IX of this chapter.

9VAC25-32-80. Conditions applicable to all VPA permits.

A. Duty to comply. The permittee shall comply with all conditions of the VPA permit. Any permit noncompliance is a violation of the law, and is grounds for enforcement action, permit termination, revocation, modification, or denial of a permit renewal application.

B. Duty to halt or reduce activity. It shall not be a defense for a permittee in an enforcement action that it would have been necessary to halt or reduce the permitted activity in order to maintain compliance with the conditions of the VPA permit.

C. Duty to mitigate. The permittee shall take all reasonable steps to minimize, correct or prevent any pollutant management activity in violation of the VPA permit which has a reasonable likelihood of adversely affecting human health or the environment.

D. Proper operation and maintenance. The permittee shall be responsible for the proper operation and maintenance of all treatment works, systems and controls which are installed or used to achieve compliance with permit conditions. Proper operation and maintenance includes effective plant performance, adequate funding, adequate licensed operator staffing, and adequate laboratory and process controls, including appropriate quality assurance procedures.

E. Permit action.

1. A VPA permit may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated as set forth in this chapter.

2. If a permittee files a request for a permit modification, revocation, or termination, or files a notification of planned changes, or anticipated noncompliance, the permit terms and conditions shall remain effective until the request is acted upon by the board. This provision shall not be used to extend the expiration date of the effective VPA permit.

3. VPA permits may be modified, revoked and reissued or terminated upon the request of the permittee or interested persons, or upon the board's initiative, to reflect the requirements of any changes in the statutes or regulations.

4. VPA permits continued under 9VAC25-32-130 remain effective and enforceable.

F. Inspection and entry. Upon presentation of credentials, any duly authorized agent of the board may, at reasonable times and under reasonable circumstances:

1. Enter upon any permittee's property, public or private, and have access to records required by the VPA permit;

2. Have access to, inspect and copy any records that must be kept as part of VPA permit conditions;

3. Inspect any facility's equipment (including monitoring and control equipment) practices or operations regulated or required under the VPA permit; and

4. Sample or monitor any substances or parameters at any locations for the purpose of assuring VPA permit compliance or as otherwise authorized by law.

G. Duty to provide information.

1. The permittee shall furnish to the department, within a reasonable time, any information which the board may request to determine whether cause exists for modifying, revoking and reissuing, terminating the VPA permit, or to determine compliance with the VPA permit. The permittee shall also furnish to the department, upon request, copies of records required to be kept by the permittee.

2. Plans, specifications, maps, conceptual reports and other relevant information shall be submitted as requested by the board prior to commencing construction.

H. Monitoring and records.

1. Samples and measurements taken for the purpose of monitoring shall be representative of the monitored activity.

2. The permittee shall retain records of all monitoring information, including all calibration and maintenance records and all original strip chart recordings for continuous monitoring instrumentation, copies of all reports required by the VPA permit, and records of all data used to complete the application for the VPA permit, for a period of at least three years or in the case of activities regulated under Part IX (9VAC25-32-310 et seq.) of this chapter, at least five years from the date of the sample, measurement, report or application. This period may be extended by request of the board at any time.

Records related to biosolids data and information specified in agreements between generator, owner, agents, landowners and farmers shall be described and maintained for a minimum period of five years or the duration of the permit or subsequent revisions if longer than five years.

3. Records of monitoring information shall include:

a. The date, exact place and time of sampling or measurements;

b. The name of the individual or individuals who performed the sampling or measurements;

c. The date or dates analyses were performed;

d. The name of the individual or individuals who performed the analyses;

e. The analytical techniques or methods supporting the information such as observations, readings, calculations and bench data used; and

f. The results of such analyses.

4. Monitoring shall be conducted according to analytical methods promulgated pursuant to § 304(h) of the Clean Water Act (33 USC § 1251 et seq.) and listed in the Code of Federal Regulations at 40 CFR Part 136 (1995). Any other acceptable test procedure not listed in 40 CFR Part 136 (1995) shall be specified in the VPA permit.

5. Records related to biosolids data and information specified in agreements between generator, owner, agents, landowners, and farmers shall be described and maintained for a minimum period of five years or the duration of the permit or subsequent revisions if longer than five years.

I. Reporting requirements.

1. The permittee shall give prompt notice to the department of any planned changes to the design or operation of the pollutant management activity.

2. If any unusual or extraordinary discharge including a bypass or upset should occur from a treatment works and the discharge enters or could be expected to enter state waters, the owner shall promptly notify, in no case later than 24 hours, the department by telephone after the discovery of the discharge. This notification shall provide all available details of the incident, including any adverse effects on aquatic life and the known number of fish killed. The permittee shall reduce the report to writing and shall submit it to the department within five days of discovery of the discharge in accordance with subdivision 6 of this subsection. Unusual and extraordinary discharges include but are not limited to any discharge resulting from:

a. Unusual spillage of materials resulting directly or indirectly from processing operations;

b. Breakdown of processing or accessory equipment;

c. Failure or taking out of service of some or all of the treatment works; and

d. Flooding or other acts of nature.

3. The permittee shall give at least 10 days advance notice to the department of any planned changes to the facility or activity which may result in noncompliance.

4. Monitoring results shall be reported at the intervals specified in the applicable VPA permit.

a. Monitoring results shall be reported in a format acceptable to the board.

b. If a permittee monitors the pollutant management activity, at a sampling location specified in the VPA permit, for any pollutant more frequently than required by the VPA permit using approved analytical methods, the permittee shall report the results of this monitoring on the monitoring report.

c. If the permittee monitors the pollutant management activity, at a sampling location specified in the VPA permit, for any pollutant that is not required to be monitored by the VPA permit, and uses approved analytical methods the permittee shall report the results with the monitoring report.

d. Calculations for all limitations which require averaging of measurements shall utilize an arithmetic mean unless otherwise specified in the VPA permit.

5. Reports of compliance or noncompliance with or any progress report on interim and final requirements contained in any compliance schedule in the VPA permit shall be submitted no later than 14 days following each scheduled date.

6. 24-hour reporting.

a. The permittee shall report any noncompliance which may adversely affect state waters or may endanger public health. An oral report must be provided [ to the department ] as soon as possible, but in no case later than 24 hours from the time the permittee becomes aware of the circumstances. A written report shall be submitted within five days and shall contain a description of the noncompliance and its cause; the period of noncompliance including exact dates and times, and, if the noncompliance has not been corrected, how long it is expected to continue, steps planned or taken to reduce, eliminate and prevent a recurrence of the noncompliance. The board may waive the written report requirements on a case-by-case basis if the oral report has been received within 24 hours and no adverse impact on state waters has been reported. All other noncompliance reports which may not adversely affect state waters shall be submitted with the monitoring report. Reports shall include overflows.

b. The following shall be included as information which must be reported within 24 hours under this subdivision:

(1) Any unanticipated bypass; and

(2) Any upset which causes a discharge to surface waters.

J. Bypass.

1. A bypass of the treatment works is prohibited except as provided herein.

2. If the permittee knows in advance of the need for a bypass, he shall notify the department promptly at least 10 days prior to the bypass. After considering its adverse effects, the board may approve an anticipated bypass if:

a. The bypass will be unavoidable to prevent loss of human life, personal injury, or severe property damage ("severe property damage" means substantial physical damage to property, damage to the treatment facilities which causes them to become inoperable, or substantial and permanent loss of natural resources which can reasonably be expected to occur in the absence of a bypass. Severe property damage does not mean economic loss caused by delays in production); and

b. There are no feasible alternatives to bypass such as the use of auxiliary treatment facilities, retention of untreated waste, or maintenance during normal periods of equipment downtime. However, if bypass occurs during normal periods of equipment downtime or preventive maintenance and in the exercise of reasonable engineering judgment the permittee could have installed adequate backup equipment to prevent such bypass, this exclusion shall not apply as a defense.

3. If an unplanned bypass occurs, the permittee shall notify the department as soon as possible, but in no case later than 24 hours, and shall take steps to halt the bypass as early as possible. This notification will be a condition for defense to an enforcement action that an unplanned bypass met the conditions in subdivision 2 of this subsection and in light of the information reasonably available to the owner at the time of the bypass.

K. Upset. A permittee may claim an upset as an affirmative defense to an action brought for noncompliance. In any enforcement proceedings a permittee shall have the burden of proof to establish the occurrence of any upset. In order to establish an affirmative defense of upset, the permittee shall present properly signed, contemporaneous operating logs or other relevant evidence that shows:

1. That an upset occurred and that the cause can be identified;

2. That the permitted facility was at the time being operated efficiently and in compliance with proper operation and maintenance procedures;

3. That the 24-hour reporting requirements to the department were met; and

4. That the permittee took all reasonable steps to minimize or correct any adverse impact on state waters resulting from noncompliance with the VPA permit.

L. Signature requirements. All applications, reports, or information submitted to the department shall be signed and certified as required in 9VAC25-32-70.

M. Transfers. A VPA permit is not transferable to any person except after notice to the department according to 9VAC24-32-230. The board may require modification or revocation and reissuance of the VPA permit to change the name of the permittee and incorporate such other requirements as may be necessary.

9VAC25-32-100. Establishing limitations and other VPA permit conditions.

A. In addition to the conditions established in 9VAC25-32-80 and 9VAC25-32-90, each VPA permit shall include conditions meeting the following requirements where applicable.

1. Determination of limitations. VPA permit limitations and conditions shall be established based on the nature of the pollutant management activity in order to ensure compliance with technology-based limitations, water quality standards, the law and all regulations promulgated thereunder. These limitations and conditions may include, but are not limited to, duration of VPA permits, monitoring requirements, limitations to control toxic pollutants, best management practices and schedules of compliance.

2. Duration of VPA permits. VPA permits issued under this regulation shall have an effective date and an expiration date which will determine the life of the VPA permit. VPA permits shall be effective for a fixed term not to exceed 10 years as specified in the VPA permit. The term of the VPA permits shall not be extended by modification beyond the maximum duration. The VPA permit shall expire at the end of the term unless an application for a new VPA permit has been timely filed as required by this chapter and the board is unable, through no fault of the permittee, to issue a new VPA permit before the expiration date of the previous VPA permit.

3. B. Monitoring requirements.

a. 1. All VPA permits may specify:

(1) a. Requirements concerning the proper use, maintenance and installation, when appropriate, of monitoring equipment or methods;

(2) b. Required monitoring including type, intervals, and frequency sufficient to yield data which are representative of the monitored activity and including, when appropriate, continuous monitoring; and

(3) c. Applicable reporting requirements based upon the impact of the regulated activity on water quality.

b. 2. VPA permits may include requirements to report monitoring results with a frequency dependent on the nature and effect of the pollutant management activity.

c. 3. In addition, the following monitoring requirements may be included in the VPA permits:

(1) a. Mass or other measurements specified in the VPA permit for each pollutant of concern;

(2) b. The volume of waste, wastewater, biosolids, or sludge managed by the activity; and

(3) c. Other measurements as appropriate.

4. C. Best Management Practices (BMPs). The VPA permit shall require the use of BMPs to control or abate pollutants where numeric limits are infeasible, and the VPA permit may include BMPs in addition to numeric limits where BMPs are necessary to achieve limitations and standards or to carry out the purpose and intent of the law.

5. D. Sludge disposal. The VPA permit shall include, where appropriate, specific requirements for disposal of all sludge.

6. E. Sewage sludge Biosolids land application. Where, because of site-specific conditions, including soil type, identified during the permit application review process, the department determines that special requirements are necessary to protect the environment or the health, safety or welfare of persons residing in the vicinity of a proposed land application site, the department may incorporate in the permit at the time it is issued reasonable special conditions regarding [ buffering setback distances ], transportation routes, slope, material source, methods of handling and application, and time of day restrictions exceeding those required by this regulation. The permit applicant shall have at least 14 days in which to review and respond to the proposed conditions.

7. F. Schedules of compliance. The VPA permit may specify a schedule, when appropriate, leading to compliance with the VPA permit as soon as possible. When schedules of compliance are applicable the following shall be incorporated:

a. 1. Schedule or schedules of compliance shall require the permittee to take specific steps where necessary to achieve expeditious compliance with the VPA permit;

b. 2. The schedule of compliance shall set forth interim time periods not more than one year apart for the submission of reports of progress toward completion of each requirement; and

c. 3. Schedule or schedules of compliance may be modified by modification of the VPA permit for good cause beyond the control of the permittee (e.g., act of God, strike, flood, material shortage).

Part III
Public Involvement

9VAC25-32-140. Public notice of VPA permit action and public comment period.

A. Draft VPA permits.

A. 1. Every draft VPA permit shall be given public notice, paid for by the owner, by publication once a week for two successive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the area affected by the pollutant management activity.

B. 2. Interested persons shall have a period of at least 30 days following the date of the initial newspaper public notice to submit written comments on the tentative decision and to request a public hearing.

C. 3. The contents of the public notice of an application for a VPA permit shall include:

1. a. The name and address of the applicant. If the location of the pollutant management activity differs from the address of the applicant the notice shall also state the location of the pollutant management activity including storage and land application sites;

2. b. A brief description of the business or activity conducted at the facility;

3. c. A statement of the tentative determination to issue or deny a VPA permit;

4. d. A brief description of the final determination procedure;

5. e. The address and phone number of a specific person at the state office from whom further information may be obtained; and

6. f. A brief description of how to submit comments and request a hearing.

D. Public notice shall not be required for submission or approval of plans and specifications or conceptual engineering reports not required to be submitted as part of the application.

B. VPA permit application.

E. 1. Upon receipt of an application for a the issuance of a new or modified permit or for a modification of a permit, the board department shall notify in writing the locality wherein the pollutant management activity does or is proposed to take place. This notification shall, at a minimum, include:

1. Cause to be notified, in writing, the locality wherein the pollutant management activity does or is proposed to take place. This notification shall, at a minimum, include:

a. The name of the applicant;

b. The nature of the application and proposed pollutant management activity; and

c. The availability and timing of any comment period; and

c. d. Upon request, any other information known to, or in the possession of, the board or the department regarding the application except as restricted by 9VAC25-32-150.

2. Establish Whenever the department receives an application for a new permit for land application of biosolids or land disposal of treated sewage, stabilized sewage sludge, or stabilized septage, or an application to reissue with the addition of sites increasing acreage by 50% or more of that authorized in the initial permit, the department shall establish a date for a public meeting to discuss technical issues relating to proposals for land application of biosolids or land disposal of treated sewage, stabilized sewage sludge or stabilized septage. The department shall give notice of the date, time, and place of the public meeting and a description of the proposal by publication in a newspaper of general circulation in the city or county where the proposal is to take place. Public notice of the scheduled meeting shall occur no fewer than seven or nor more than 14 days prior to the meeting. The board department shall not issue the permit until the public meeting has been held and comment has been received from the local governing body or until 30 days have lapsed from the date of the public meeting.

3. Following the submission of an application for a new permit for land application of biosolids or land disposal of treated sewage, stabilized sewage sludge, or stabilized septage, [ DEQ the department ] shall [ make a good faith effort to ] notify or cause to be notified persons residing on property bordering the sites that contain the proposed land application fields. This notification shall be in a manner selected by the department. For the purposes of this subsection, "site" means all contiguous land under common ownership, but which may contain more than one tax parcel.

4. Public notice shall not be required for submission or approval of plans and specifications or conceptual engineering reports not required to be submitted as part of the application.

C. Following the submission of an application to add a site that is not contiguous to sites included in an existing permit authorizing the land application of biosolids:

1. The department shall notify persons residing on property bordering such site and shall receive written comments from those persons for a period of 30 days. Based upon written comments, the department shall determine whether additional site-specific requirements should be included in the authorization for land application at the site.

2. An application for any permit amendment to increase the acreage authorized by the initial permit by 50% or more shall be considered a major modification and shall be treated as a new application for purposes of public notice and public hearings. The increase in acreage for the purpose of determining the need for the public meeting is the sum of all acreage that has been added to the permit since the last public meeting, plus that proposed to be added.

F. D. Before issuing any permit, if the [ board department ] finds that there are localities particularly affected by the permit, the [ board department ] shall:

1. Publish, or require the applicant to publish, a notice in a local paper of general circulation in the localities affected at least 30 days prior to the close of any public comment period. Such notice shall contain a statement of the estimated local impact of the proposed permit, which at a minimum shall include information on the specific pollutants involved and the total quantity of each which may be discharged; and

2. Mail the notice to the chief elected official and chief administrative officer and planning district commission for those localities.

Written comments shall be accepted by the [ board department ] for at least 15 days after any public hearing on the permit, unless the [ board votes department decides ] to shorten the period. For the purposes of this section, the term "locality particularly affected" means any locality which bears any identified disproportionate material water quality impact which would not be experienced by other localities.

G. When a site is to be added to an existing permit authorizing land application of biosolids, the department shall notify persons residing on property bordering such site, and shall receive written comments from those persons for a period not to exceed 30 days. Based upon the written comments, the department shall determine whether additional site-specific requirements should be included in the authorization for land application at the site.

9VAC25-32-240. Minor modification.

A. Upon request of the permittee, or upon board initiative with the consent of the permittee, minor modifications may be made in the VPA permit without following the public involvement procedures.

B. Minor modification may only:

1. Correct typographical errors;

2. Require reporting by the permittee at a frequency other than that required in the VPA permit;

3. Change an interim compliance date in a schedule of compliance to no more than 120 days from the original compliance date and provided it will not interfere with the final compliance date;

4. Allow for a change in name, ownership or operational control when the board determines that no other change in the VPA permit is necessary, provided that a written agreement containing a specific date for transfer of VPA permit responsibility, coverage and liability from the current to the new permittee has been submitted to the department;

5. Delete the listing of a land application site when the pollutant management activity is terminated and does not result in an increase of pollutants which would exceed VPA permit limitations;

6. Reduce VPA permit limitations to reflect a reduction in the permitted activity when such reduction results from a shutdown of processes or pollutant generating activities or from connection of the permitted activity to a POTW;

7. Change plans and specifications where no other changes in the VPA permit are required;

8. Authorize treatment facility expansions, production increases or process modifications which will not cause a significant change in the quantity of pollutants being managed or a significant change in the nature of the pollutant management activity; or

9. Delete VPA permit limitation or monitoring requirements for specific pollutants when the activities generating these pollutants are terminated.

C. An application for any permit amendments to increase the acreage authorized by the [ initial ] permit by 50% or more shall be treated as a new application for purposes of public notice and public hearings [ shall not be considered a minor modification and shall require the public involvement procedures outlined in 9VAC25-32-140 C ].

9VAC25-32-260. General VPA permits.

The board may issue a general VPA permit in accordance with the following:

1. Sources. A general VPA permit may be written to regulate a category of pollutant management activities that:

a. Involve the same or similar types of operations;

b. Manage the same or similar types of wastes;

c. Require the same VPA permit limitations or operating conditions;

d. Require the same or similar monitoring; and

e. In the opinion of the board, are more appropriately controlled under a general VPA permit than under individual VPA permits.

2. Administration.

a. General VPA permits will be issued, modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated pursuant to the law and the board's Public Participation Guidelines (9VAC25-10-10 et seq.) Administrative Process Act (§ 2.2-4000 et seq. of the Code of Virginia).

b. The board may require any person operating under a general VPA permit to apply for and obtain an individual VPA permit. Interested persons may petition the board to take action under this subdivision. Cases where an individual VPA permit may be required include the following:

(1) Where the pollutant management activity is a significant contributor of pollution;

(2) Where the owner is not in compliance with the conditions of the general VPA permit;

(3) When a water quality management plan containing requirements applicable to the pollutant management activity is approved; or

(4) When a permitted activity no longer meets the general VPA permit conditions.

c. Any owner operating under a general VPA permit may request to be excluded from the coverage of the general VPA permit by applying for an individual VPA permit.

d. When an individual VPA permit is issued to an owner the applicability of the general VPA permit to the individual permittee is automatically terminated on the effective date of the individual VPA permit.

e. When a general VPA permit is issued which applies to an owner already covered by an individual VPA permit, such owner may request exclusion from the provisions of the general VPA permit and subsequent coverage under an individual VPA permit.

f. A general VPA permit may be revoked as to an individual owner for any of the reasons set forth in 9VAC25-32-210 or subdivision 2 b of this section subject to appropriate opportunity for a hearing.

9VAC25-32-300. Transition.

A. Effective July 24, 1996, the following will occur:

1. All VPA applications received after that date will be processed in accordance with this regulation.

2. Any owner holding a No-Discharge Certificate will be notified of the deadline for applying for a VPA permit, unless this notification has already been made. All such notifications shall be completed by July 1, 1998. Upon notification that a VPA permit is necessary for the pollutant management activity authorized by the No-Discharge Certificate, the permittee shall have 180 days to apply for a VPA permit. If a VPA permit is required, the existing No-Discharge Certificate will remain in effect until the VPA permit is issued. Concurrent with the issuance of the VPA permit, the No-Discharge Certificate will be revoked subject to appropriate notice and opportunity for public hearing. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all No-Discharge Certificates which do not bear an expiration date shall terminate no later than July 1, 1999.

B. A. Permits issued prior to January 1, 2008, by the Department of Health under the authority of the State Board of Health prior to January 1, 2008, shall continue in force until expired, reissued, amended, or terminated in accordance with the permit or this regulation. All owners holding biosolids use construction or operation permits as of January 1, 2008, shall submit an application for a Virginia Pollution Abatement Permit in accordance with this regulation within 180 days before the date of expiration of permits issued prior to January 1, 2008, or at the time of any modification request submitted after January 1, 2008, or by June 1, 2008, whichever is later. All owners of biosolids use facilities shall comply with the applicable requirements set forth in the operational regulations of Part IX (9VAC25-32-310 et seq.) of this chapter.

B. All owners holding active biosolids use permits as of January 1, 2008, shall submit an application for a Virginia Pollution Abatement Permit in accordance with this regulation at least 180 days before the expiration date of permits issued prior to January 1, 2008, or by June 30, 2012, whichever comes first.

C. All owners of biosolids use facilities shall comply with the applicable requirements set forth in the operational regulations of Part IX (9VAC25-32-303 et seq.) of this chapter.

D. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all VDH-BUR permits shall terminate no later than December 31, 2012, [ or 12 months after the effective date, whichever is later, ] if an administratively complete VPA application for the activity authorized by the VDH-BUR permit has not been submitted to the department.

Part IX
Biosolids Program

Article 1
Procedures and Requirements

9VAC25-32-303. Purpose and applicability.

A. This part establishes standards, which consist of general requirements, pollutant limits, management practices, and operational standards, for the final use of biosolids or disposal of sewage sludge generated during the treatment of domestic sewage in a treatment works. Standards are included in this part for biosolids applied to the land. Also included in this part are pathogen and alternative vector attraction reduction requirements for biosolids applied to the land.

B. The standards in this part also include the frequency of monitoring and recordkeeping requirements when biosolids is applied to the land.

C. Applicability.

1. This part applies to any person who prepares biosolids or applies biosolids to the land.

2. This part applies to biosolids applied to the land.

3. This part applies to land where biosolids is applied.

9VAC25-32-305. Permits.

A. No owner shall cause or allow any land application, marketing, or distribution of biosolids except in compliance with a permit issued by the board that authorizes these activities.

B. A separate biosolids use permit shall be issued for each political jurisdiction (county or city) where land application is proposed.

C. No person shall land apply Class B biosolids on any land in Virginia unless that land has been identified in an application to issue, reissue or modify a permit and approved by the board.

D. No person shall land apply, market [ , ] or distribute biosolids in Virginia unless the biosolids [ source ] has been approved by the board.

9VAC25-32-307. Relationship to other regulations.

A. Disposal of sewage sludge in a municipal solid waste landfill unit that complies with the requirements in the Virginia Solid Waste Management Regulation [ (9VAC20-80) (9VAC20-81) ] constitutes compliance with § 405 (d) of the federal Clean Water Act.

B. Any person who prepares sewage sludge that is disposed in a municipal solid waste landfill unit shall ensure that the sewage sludge meets the requirements in [ 9VAC20-80 9VAC20-81 ] concerning the quality of materials disposed in a municipal solid waste landfill.

Part IX
Biosolids Program

Article 1
Definitions and Procedures

9VAC25-32-310. Definitions. (Repealed.)

A. For the purposes of this part the following definitions shall apply:

"Biosolids" means a sewage sludge that has received an established treatment for required pathogen control and is treated or managed to reduce vector attraction to a satisfactory level and contains acceptable levels of pollutants, such that it is acceptable for use for land application, marketing or distribution in accordance with this regulation.

"Critical areas/waters" means areas/waters in proximity to shellfish waters, a public water supply, recreation or other waters where health or water quality concerns are identified by the board or the Department of Health.

"Dry tons" means dry weight established as representative of land applied biosolids and expressed in units of English tons.

"Dry weight" means the measured weight of a sample of sewage sludge or biosolids after all moisture has been removed in accordance with the standard methods of testing and often represented as a percent solids.

"Effluent limitations" means schedules of compliance, prohibitions, permit requirements, established under state or federal law for control of sewage discharges.

"Exceptional quality biosolids" means biosolids that have received an established level of treatment for pathogen control and vector attraction reduction and contain known levels of pollutants, such that they may be marketed or distributed for public use in accordance with this regulation.

"Facilities" means processes, equipment, storage devices and dedicated sites, located or operated separately from a treatment works, utilized for sewage sludge management, including but not limited to, handling, treatment, transport and storage of biosolids.

"Generator" means the owner of a sewage treatment works that produces sewage sludge and biosolids.

"Industrial wastes" means liquid or other wastes resulting from any process of industry, manufacture, trade or business, or from the development of any natural resources.

"Land application" means the distribution of either treated wastewater of acceptable quality, referred to as effluent, or stabilized sewage sludge of acceptable quality, referred to as biosolids, upon, or insertion into, the land with a uniform application rate for the purpose of utilization, or assimilation. Bulk disposal of stabilized sludge in a confined area, such as in landfills, is not land application. Sites approved for land application of biosolids in accordance with this regulation are not to be considered to be treatment works.

"Land applier" means someone who land applies biosolids pursuant to a valid permit from the department as set forth in this regulation.

"Local monitor" means a person or persons employed by local government to perform the duties of monitoring the operations of land appliers pursuant to a local ordinance.

"Local ordinance" means an ordinance adopted by counties, cities or towns in accordance with § 62.1-44.19:3 of the Code of Virginia.

"Operate" means the act of any person who may have an impact on either the finished water quality at a waterworks or the final effluent at a sewage treatment works, such as to (i) place into or take out of service a unit process or unit processes, (ii) make or cause adjustments in the operation of a unit process or unit processes at a treatment works, or (iii) manage sewage sludge or biosolids.

"Owner" means the Commonwealth or any of its political subdivisions including sanitary districts, sanitation district commissions and authorities, federal agencies, any individual, any group of individuals acting individually or as a group, or any public or private institution, corporation, company, partnership, firm or association that owns or proposes to own a sewerage system or treatment works as defined in § 62.1-44.3 of the Code of Virginia.

"Permit" means an authorization granted by the board to construct, or operate, facilities and specific sites utilized for biosolids management, including land application, marketing and distribution of biosolids.

"Permittee" means a person, firm, corporation, political subdivision or other entity holding a permit approved by the board for the land application, storage or distribution of biosolids as provided for in this regulation.

"Pollutant" means any substance, radioactive material, or waste heat that causes or contributes to, or may cause or contribute to, pollution.

"Pollution" means such alteration of the physical, chemical or biological properties of any state waters or soil as will, or is likely to, create a nuisance or render such waters or soil (i) harmful or detrimental or injurious to the public health, safety or welfare, or to the health of animals, fish or aquatic life; (ii) unsuitable despite reasonable treatment for use as present or possible future sources of public water supply; or (iii) unsuitable for recreational, commercial, industrial, agricultural or for other reasonable uses. Such alteration is also deemed to be pollution, if there occurs: (a) an alteration of the physical, chemical or biological property of state waters or soil, or a discharge or a deposit of sewage, industrial wastes or other wastes to state waters or soil by any owner which by itself is not sufficient to cause pollution, but which, in combination with such alteration of, or discharge, or deposit, to state waters or soil by other owners, is sufficient to cause pollution; (b) the discharge of untreated sewage by any owner into state waters or soil; or (c) the contravention of standards of air or water quality duly established by the State Water Control Board.

9VAC25-32-313. General requirements.

A. No person shall apply biosolids to the land except in accordance with the requirements in this article.

B. No person shall apply bulk biosolids to the land if it is likely to adversely affect a threatened or endangered species listed in 9VAC25-260-320 or § 4 of the Endangered Species Act (16 USC § 1533) or if the land application is likely to adversely affect its designated critical habitat.

C. No person shall apply bulk biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 2 Table 3 ] to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site if any of the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 2 Table 3 ] has been reached.

D. No person shall apply domestic septage to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site during a 365-day period if the annual application rate in 9VAC25-32-356 [ C D ] has been reached during that period.

E. The person who prepares bulk biosolids that is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site shall provide the person who applies the bulk biosolids written notification of the concentration of total nitrogen [ (as N on a dry weight basis) and phosphorus (as N and P on a dry weight basis) ] in the bulk biosolids.

F. Before bulk biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 2 Table 3 ] is applied to the land, the person who proposes to apply the bulk biosolids shall contact the department to determine whether bulk biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 2 Table 3 ] has been applied to the site since July 20, 1993.

1. If bulk biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 2 Table 3 ] has not been applied to the site since July 20, 1993, the cumulative amount of each pollutant listed in 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 2 Table 3 ] may be applied to the site in accordance with 9VAC25-32-356 [ A 2 a B 2 a ].

2. If bulk biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 2 Table 3 ] has been applied to the site since July 20, 1993, and the cumulative amount of each pollutant applied to the site in the bulk biosolids since that date is known, the cumulative amount of each pollutant applied to the site shall be used to determine the additional amount of each pollutant that can be applied to the site in accordance with 9VAC25-32-356 [ A 2 a B 2 a ].

3. If bulk biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 2 Table 3 ] has been applied to the site since July 20, 1993, and the cumulative amount of each pollutant applied to the site in the bulk biosolids since that date is not known, an additional amount of each pollutant shall not be applied to the site in accordance with 9VAC25-32-356 [ A 2 a B 2 a ].

G. When a person who prepares bulk biosolids provides the bulk biosolids to a person who applies the bulk biosolids to the land, the person who prepares the bulk biosolids shall provide the person who applies the biosolids notice and necessary information to comply with the requirements in this article.

H. When a person who prepares biosolids provides the biosolids to another person who prepares the biosolids, the person who provides the biosolids shall provide the person who receives the biosolids notice and necessary information to comply with the requirements in this article.

I. The person who applies bulk biosolids to the land shall provide the owner or lease holder of the land on which the bulk biosolids is applied notice and necessary information to comply with the requirements in this article.

J. Any person who prepares bulk biosolids in another state that is applied to land in Virginia shall provide written notice to the department prior to the initial application of bulk biosolids to the land application site by the applier. The notice shall include:

1. The location, by either street address or latitude and longitude, of each land application site;

2. The approximate time period bulk biosolids will be applied to the site;

3. The name, address, telephone number, and National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit number (if appropriate) for the person who prepares the bulk biosolids; and,

4. The name, address, telephone number, and National (or Virginia) Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit number (if appropriate) for the person who will apply the bulk biosolids.

K. Any person who applies bulk biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 2 Table 3 ] to the land shall provide written notice, prior to the initial application of bulk biosolids to the land application site by the applier, to the department and the department shall retain and provide access to the notice. The notice shall include:

1. The location, by either street address or latitude and longitude, of the land application site; and

2. The name, address, telephone number, and Virginia Pollution Abatement permit number (if appropriate) of the person who will apply the bulk biosolids.

9VAC25-32-315. Additional and more stringent requirements.

A. On a case-by-case basis, the board may impose requirements for the use of biosolids or the disposal of sewage sludge in addition to or more stringent than the requirements in this part when necessary to protect human health and the environment from any adverse effect of a pollutant in the biosolids or sewage sludge.

B. Nothing in this part precludes [ the authority of ] another state agency [ with responsibility for regulating biosolids or sewage sludge or any, ] political subdivision of Virginia [ , ] or an interstate agency [ from imposing requirements for the use of biosolids or disposal of sewage sludge more stringent than the requirements in this part or from imposing additional requirements for with respect to ] the use of biosolids or disposal of sewage sludge.

C. For biosolids land application where, because of site specific conditions, including soil type, identified during the permit application review process, the department determines that special requirements are necessary to protect the environment or the health, safety, or welfare of persons residing in the vicinity of a proposed land application site, the department may incorporate in the permit at the time it is issued reasonable special conditions regarding [ buffering setback distances ], transportation routes, slope, material source, methods of handling and application, and time of day restrictions exceeding those required by this regulation. The permit applicant shall have at least 14 days in which to review and respond to the proposed conditions.

9VAC25-32-317. Exclusions.

A. Treatment processes. This part does not establish requirements for processes to treat domestic sewage or for processes used to treat sewage sludge prior to final use or disposal, except as provided in 9VAC25-32-675 and 9VAC25-32-685.

B. Selection of a use or a disposal practice. This part does not [ require the selection of a dictate the selection of a specific ] biosolids use or sewage sludge disposal practice [ by the owner of the wastewater treatment works ]. [ The determination of the manner in which biosolids is used or sewage sludge is disposed is a local determination. ]

C. Incineration of sewage sludge. This part does not establish requirements for sewage sludge fired in a sewage sludge incinerator or co-fired in an incinerator with other wastes or for the incinerator in which sewage sludge or other waste are co-fired.

D. Hazardous sewage sludge. This part does not establish requirements for the use or disposal of sewage sludge determined to be hazardous in accordance with 40 CFR Part 261 (2000) or the Code of Virginia.

E. Sewage sludge with high PCB concentration. This part does not establish requirements for the use or disposal of sewage sludge with a concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) equal to or greater than 50 milligrams per kilogram of total solids (dry weight basis).

F. Incinerator ash. This part does not establish requirements for the use or disposal of ash generated during the firing of sewage sludge in a sewage sludge incinerator.

G. Grit and screenings. This part does not establish requirements for the use or disposal of grit (e.g., sand, gravel, cinders, or other materials with a high specific gravity) or screenings (e.g., relatively large materials such as rags) generated during preliminary treatment of domestic sewage in a treatment works.

9VAC25-32-320. Local enforcement of the regulation.

A. In the event of a dispute concerning the existence of a violation between a permittee and a locality that has adopted a local ordinance for testing and monitoring of the land application of sewage sludge and a permittee concerning the existence of a violation biosolids, the activity alleged to be in violation shall be halted pending a determination by the director. The decision of the director shall be final and binding unless reversed on judicial appeal pursuant to § 2.2-4026 of the Code of Virginia. If the activity is not halted, the director may seek an injunction compelling the halting of the activity, from a court having jurisdiction.

B. Upon determination by the director that there has been a violation of § 62.1-44.19:3, 62.1-44.19:3.1 or 62.1-44.19:3.3 of the Code of Virginia, or of any regulation promulgated under those sections, and that such violation poses an imminent threat to public health, safety or welfare, the department shall commence appropriate action to abate the violation and immediately notify the chief administrative officer of any locality potentially affected by the violation.

C. Local governments shall promptly notify the department of all results from the testing and monitoring of the land application of sewage sludge biosolids performed by persons employed by local governments and any violation of § 62.1-44.19:3, 62.1-44.19:3.1 or 62.1-44.19:3.3 of the Code of Virginia.

D. Local governments receiving complaints concerning land application of biosolids shall notify the department and the permit holder within 24 hours of receiving the complaint.

9VAC25-32-330. Variances.

A. The board may grant a variance to a procedural, design, or operational regulation by following the appropriate procedures set forth in this section.

B. Requirements for a variance. The board may grant a variance if it finds that the hardship imposed (may be economic) outweighs the benefits that may be received by the public and that the granting of such variance does not subject the public to unreasonable health risks or environmental pollution.

C. Application for a variance. Any owner may apply in writing for a variance. The application should shall be sent submitted to the appropriate regional office for evaluation. The application shall include:

1. A citation of the regulation from which a variance is requested.

2. The nature and duration of variance requested.

3. A statement of the hardship to the owner and the anticipated impacts to the public health and welfare if a variance were granted.

4. Suggested conditions that might be imposed on the granting of a variance that would limit its detrimental impact on public health and welfare.

5. Other information, if any, believed to be pertinent by the applicant.

6. Such other information as may be required to make the determination in accordance with subsection B of this section.

D. Consideration of a variance.

1. The board shall act on any variance request submitted pursuant to this subsection within 90 days of receipt of request.

2. In the board's consideration of whether a biosolids use variance should be granted, the board shall consider such factors as the following:

a. The effect that such a variance would have on the adequate operation of the biosolids use facility, including public nuisance concerns;

b. The cost and other economic considerations imposed by this requirement; and

c. The effect that such a variance would have on the protection of the public health or the environment.

E. Disposition of a variance request.

1. The board may grant the variance request and if the board proposes to deny the variance it shall provide the owner an opportunity to an informal [ hearing proceeding ] as provided in § 2.2-4019 of the Code of Virginia. Following this opportunity for an informal [ hearing proceeding ] the board may reject any application for a variance by sending a rejection notice to the applicant. The rejection notice shall be in writing and shall state the reasons for the rejection. A rejection notice constitutes a case decision.

2. If the board proposes to grant a variance request submitted pursuant to this regulation, the applicant shall be notified in writing of this decision. Such notice shall identify the variance, the biosolids use facility involved, and shall specify the period of time for which the variance will be effective. Such notice shall provide that the variance will be terminated when the biosolids use facility comes into compliance with the applicable regulation and may be terminated upon a finding by the board that the biosolids use facility has failed to comply with any requirements or schedules issued in conjunction with the variance. The effective date of the variance shall be 15 days following its issuance.

F. Posting of variances. All variances granted for the design or operation of biosolids use facility are nontransferable. Any requirements of the variance shall become part of the permit for biosolids use subsequently granted by the board.

9VAC25-32-340. Permits. (Repealed.)

No owner shall cause or allow any land application, marketing or distribution of biosolids except in compliance with a permit issued by the board that authorizes these activities. Application for a permit shall be in accordance with 9VAC25-32-60. Information for the permit application is to be provided by completion and submission of the appropriate application forms and applicable sections in Article 4 (9VAC25-32-670 et seq.) of this part to the appropriate regional office. Applications can be obtained from any regional office.

A separate biosolids use permit shall be issued for each political jurisdiction (county or city) where land application is to be undertaken.

9VAC25-32-355. Biosolids Use Regulation Advisory Committee. (Repealed.)

A. The department shall appoint a committee to advise the department on issues related to implementation and administration of this part. Advisory committee membership should include representatives of large size and small size communities and industries and their consultants. The advisory committee shall contain a maximum of 25 members.

B. The committee members shall be selected from organizations such as:

1. Virginia Association of Counties (VACO) and a representative, such as a local monitor, of a county with sites permitted for land application of biosolids in accordance with this regulation;

2. Virginia Municipal League (VML), the Association of Municipal Wastewater Agencies (VAMWA), and the owners of medium and small flow treatment works;

3. Virginia professional societies (i.e., engineers and soil scientists) and regional wastewater organizations such as the Virginia Water Environment Association;

4. Biosolids consultants and contractors;

5. State university and college faculties;

6. Agricultural industry, the Virginia Farm Bureau and farmers with land permitted in accordance with this regulation;

7. Medical professionals and "at large" citizens; and

8. State agencies such as the Department of Conservation and Recreation, the Department of Health, and the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.

C. Consideration shall also be given to appropriate citizens who are not members of these organizations and other interested parties and groups such as citizens' conservation organizations.

D. Each committee member may designate an alternate to serve when necessary.

E. The function of the committee will be to meet, discuss issues, and make recommendations to the department concerning the regulations and standards contained in this part and other policies, procedures and programs for regulating biosolids use and associated fees. The committee's meetings will be advertised and open to the public, and comments and recommendations from the public will be received.

Article 2
Operational and Monitoring Requirements

9VAC25-32-356. Pollutant [ monitoring and ] limits.

A. [ Bulk biosolids or biosolids sold or given away in a bag or other container shall be monitored for the parameters identified in Table 1 of this section:

TABLE 1 PARAMETERS for BIOSOLIDS ANALYSIS(1)

Pollutant

Percent solids (%)

Volatile solids (%)

pH (standard units)

Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (%)

Ammonia nitrogen (%)

Nitrates (mg/kg)

Total phosphorus (%)

Total potassium (%)

Alkalinity as CaCO3 (mg/kg)(2)

Arsenic (mg/kg)

Cadmium (mg/kg)

Copper (mg/kg)

Lead (mg/kg)

Mercury (mg/kg)

Molybdenum (mg/kg)

Nickel (mg/kg)

Selenium (mg/kg)

Zinc (mg/kg)

(1)Values reported on a dry weight basis unless indicated. (2)Lime treated biosolids (10% or more lime by weight) shall be analyzed for percent CaCO3.

B. ] Biosolids [ pollutant limits ].

1. Bulk biosolids or biosolids sold or given away in a bag or other container shall not be applied to the land if the concentration of any pollutant in the biosolids exceeds the ceiling concentration for the pollutant in [ Table 1 Table 2 ] of this section.

2. If bulk biosolids is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site, either:

a. The cumulative loading rate for each pollutant shall not exceed the cumulative pollutant loading rate for the pollutant in [ Table 2 Table 3 ] of this section; or

b. The concentration of each pollutant in the biosolids shall not exceed the concentration for the pollutant in [ Table 3 Table 4 ] of this section.

3. If bulk biosolids is applied to a lawn or a home garden, the concentration of each pollutant in the biosolids shall not exceed the concentration for the pollutant in [ Table 3 Table 4 ] of this section.

4. If biosolids is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land, either:

a. The concentration of each pollutant in the biosolids shall not exceed the concentration for the pollutant in [ Table 3 Table 4 ] of this section; or

b. The product of the concentration of each pollutant in the biosolids and the annual whole sludge application rate for the biosolids shall not cause the annual pollutant loading rate for the pollutant in [ Table 4 Table 5 ] of this section to be exceeded. The procedure used to determine the annual whole sludge application rate is presented in subsection D of this section.

[ B. C. ] Pollutant concentrations and loading rates - biosolids.

[ TABLE 1 TABLE 2 ] CEILING CONCENTRATIONS
Pollutant		Ceiling Concentration (milligrams per kilogram)*
Arsenic		75
Cadmium		85
Copper		4,300
Lead		840
Mercury		57
Molybdenum [ (1) ]		75
Nickel		420
Selenium		100
Zinc		7,500
*Dry weight basis [ (1) Biosolids with a molybdenum concentration greater than 40 mg/kg shall not be applied to land used for livestock grazing. ]
[ TABLE 2 TABLE 3 ] CUMULATIVE POLLUTANT LOADING RATES(1)
	Cumulative Pollutant Loading Rate
Pollutant	(kilograms per hectare)		(pounds per acre)
Arsenic(2)	41		36
Cadmium	39		35
Copper	1,500		1,340
Lead	300		270
Mercury	17		16
Molybdenum(2)
Nickel	420		375
Selenium	100		89
Zinc	2,800		2,500
Notes:(1)Such total applications to be made on soils with the biosolids/soil mixture pH adjusted to 6.0 or greater if the biosolids cadmium content is greater than or equal to 21 mg/kg. The maximum cumulative application rate is limited for all ranges of cation exchange capacity due to soil background pH in Virginia of less than 6.5 and lack of regulatory controls of soil pH adjustment after biosolids application ceases. (2)The maximum cumulative application is currently under study by USEPA. [ Research suggests that for Molybdenum a cumulative pollutant loading rate below 40 kg/hectare may be appropriate to reduce the risk of copper deficiency in grazing animals. ]

[ TABLE 3 TABLE 4 ] POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS
Pollutant	Monthly Average Concentration (milligrams per kilogram)*
Arsenic	41
Cadmium	39
Copper	1,500
Lead	300
Mercury	17
Molybdenum(1)
Nickel	420
Selenium	100
Zinc	2,800
*Dry weight basis Note: (1) The monthly average concentration is currently under study by USEPA. [ Research suggests that a monthly average Molybdenum concentration below 40 mg/kg may be appropriate to reduce the risk of copper deficiency in grazing animals. ]

[ TABLE 4 TABLE 5 ] ANNUAL POLLUTANT LOADING RATES [ (1) ]
	Annual Pollutant Loading Rate (per 365-day period)
Pollutant	(kilograms per hectare)	(pounds per acre)
Arsenic [ (2) ]	2.0	1.8
Cadmium	1.9	1.7
Copper	75	67
Lead	15	13
Mercury	0.85	0.76
Molybdenum(2)
Nickel	21	19
Selenium	5.0	4.6
Zinc	140	125
Notes:(1)Such total applications to be made on soils with the biosolids/soil mixture pH adjusted to 6.0 or greater if the biosolids cadmium content is greater than or equal to 21 mg/kg. The maximum cumulative application rate is limited for all ranges of cation exchange capacity due to soil background pH in Virginia of less than 6.5 and lack of regulatory controls of soil pH adjustment after biosolids application ceases. (2)The maximum cumulative application is currently under study by USEPA.

[ C. D. ] Procedures to determine the annual whole sludge application rate (AWSAR) for biosolids. Subdivision [ A 4 b B 4 b ] of this section requires that the product of the concentration for each pollutant listed in Table 4 of this section in biosolids sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land and the AWSAR for the biosolids not cause the annual pollutant loading rate for the pollutant in [ Table 4 Table 5 ] to be exceeded. This subsection contains that procedure used to determine the AWSAR for a biosolids that does not cause the annual pollutant loading rates (APLR) in [ Table 4 Table 5 ] of this section to be exceeded.

1. The relationship between the APLR for a pollutant and the AWSAR for a biosolids is shown in equation (1):

	EQUATION (1)
	APLR = C X AWSAR X 0.001
	APLR = Annual pollutant loading rate in kilograms per hectare per 365-day period
	C = Pollutant concentration in milligrams per kilogram of total solids (dry weight basis)
	AWSAR = Annual whole sludge application rate in metric tons per hectare per 365-day period (dry weight basis)
	0.001 = A conversion factor

2. To determine the AWSAR, equation (1) is rearranged into equation (2):

	EQUATION (2)
	AWSAR = APLR/(C X 0.001)
	AWSAR = Annual whole sludge application rate in metric tons per hectare per 365-day period (dry weight basis)
	APLR = Annual pollutant loading rate in kilograms per hectare per 365-day period
	C = Pollutant concentration in milligrams per kilogram of total solids (dry weight basis)
	0.001 = A conversion factor

3. The procedure used to determine the AWSAR for a biosolids is presented below:

a. Analyze a sample of the biosolids to determine the concentration for each of the pollutants listed in Table 4 of this section in the biosolids.

b. Using the pollutant concentrations from subdivision 3 a of this subsection and the APLRs from [ Table 4 Table 5 ] of this section, calculate an AWSAR for each pollutant using Equation (2) above.

c. The AWSAR for the biosolids is the lowest AWSAR calculated in subdivision 3 b of this subsection.

9VAC25-32-357. Operational standards, pathogens, and vector attraction reduction.

A. Biosolids shall be monitored to verify that the selected pathogen reduction treatment classification and vector attraction reduction method requirements have been met.

B. Pathogens – biosolids.

1. The Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-32-675 A or the Class B pathogen requirements and site restrictions in 9VAC25-32-675 B shall be met when bulk biosolids is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site.

2. The Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-32-675 A shall be met when bulk biosolids is applied to a lawn or a home garden.

3. The Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-32-675 A shall be met when biosolids is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land.

C. Pathogens – domestic septage. The requirements in [ either ] 9VAC25-32-675 C [ 1 or C 2 ] shall be met when domestic septage is applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site.

D. Vector attraction reduction – biosolids.

1. One of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-32-685 B 1 through B 10 shall be met when bulk biosolids is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site.

2. One of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-32-685 B 1 through B 8 shall be met when bulk biosolids is applied to a lawn or a home garden.

3. One of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-32-685 B 1 through B 8 shall be met when biosolids is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land.

E. Vector attraction reduction – domestic septage. The vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-32-685 B 9, B 10, or B 12 shall be met when domestic septage is applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site.

F. Additional operational control information may be required on an individual basis by the department.

9VAC25-32-358. Frequency of monitoring.

A. Biosolids.

1. The frequency of monitoring for the pollutants listed in Tables 1 through [ 4 5 ] of 9VAC25-32-356; the pathogen density requirements in 9VAC25-32-675 A and B 2 through B 4; and the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-32-685 B 1 through B 4, B 7, and B 8 shall be the frequency in Table 1 of this section.

	TABLE 1 FREQUENCY OF MONITORING – LAND APPLICATION
	Amount of biosolids(1) (metric tons per 365-day period)	Frequency(2)
	Greater than zero but less than 290	Once per year
	Equal to or greater than 290 but less than 1,500	Once per quarter (four times per year)
	Equal to or greater than 1,500 but less than 15,000	Once per 60 days (six times per year)
	Equal to or greater than 15,000	Once per month (12 times per year
	Note(1): Either the amount of bulk biosolids applied to the land or the amount of biosolids received by a person who prepares biosolids that is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land (dry weight basis).
	Note(2): Sampling shall be conducted at approximately equal intervals at the listed frequencies. Biosolids programs that store biosolids and land apply only during discrete events throughout the year shall schedule sampling events to coincide with application periods. The department may require increased monitoring frequencies, if necessary, to adequately define any significant variability in biosolids quality.

2. After the biosolids has been monitored for two years at the frequency in Table 1 of this section, the board may reduce the frequency of monitoring for pollutant concentrations and for the pathogen density requirements in 9VAC25-32-675 A 5 b and c. [ In no case shall the frequency be reduced to less than once per year in any year that biosolids are applied to land. ]

B. Domestic septage. If [ either the pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-32-675 C 2 or ] the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-32-685 B 12 are met when domestic septage is applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site, each container of domestic septage applied to the land shall be monitored for compliance with those requirements.

9VAC25-32-359. Recordkeeping.

A. Biosolids.

1. If the pollutant concentrations in [ Table 3 Table 4 ] of 9VAC25-32-356, the Class A pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-32-675 A, and the vector attraction reduction requirements in either 9VAC25-32-685 B 9 or B 10 are met when bulk biosolids is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site:

a. The person who prepares the bulk biosolids shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

(1) The concentration of each pollutant listed in [ Table 3 Table 4 ] of 9VAC25-32-356 in the bulk biosolids;

(2) The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-32-675 A was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including the possibility of fine and imprisonment."; and

(3) A description of how the pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-32-675 A are met.

b. The person who applies the bulk biosolids shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

(1) The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the management practices in 9VAC25-32-560 and the vector attraction reduction requirement in (insert either 9VAC25-32-685 B 9 or B 10) was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including fine and imprisonment."; and

(2) A description of how the management practices in 9VAC25-32-560 are met for each site on which bulk biosolids is applied; and

(3) A description of how the vector attraction reduction requirements in either 9VAC25-32-685 B 9 or B 10 are met for each site on which bulk biosolids is applied.

2. If the pollutant concentrations in 9VAC25-32-356 [ Table 3 Table 4 ] and the Class B pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-32-675 B are met when bulk biosolids is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site:

a. The person who prepares the bulk biosolids shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

(1) The concentration of each pollutant listed in [ Table 3 Table 4 ] of 9VAC25-32-356 in the bulk biosolids;

(2) The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the Class B pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-32-675 B and the vector attraction reduction requirement in (insert one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-32-685 B 1 through B 8, if one of those requirements is met) was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment."; and

(3) A description of how the Class B pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-32-675 B are met; and

(4) When one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-32-685 B 1 through B 8 is met, a description of how the vector attraction reduction requirement is met.

b. The person who applies the bulk biosolids shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

(1) The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the management practices in 9VAC25-32-560, the site restrictions in 9VAC25-32-675 B 5, and the vector attraction reduction requirements in (insert either 9VAC25-32-685 B 9 or B 10, if one of those requirements is met) was prepared for each site on which bulk biosolids is applied under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including the possibility of fine and imprisonment.";

(2) A description of how the management practices in 9VAC25-32-560 are met on each site on which bulk biosolids is applied;

(3) A description of how the site restrictions in 9VAC25-32-675 B 5 are met for each site on which bulk biosolids is applied;

(4) When the vector attraction reduction requirement in either 9VAC25-32-685 B 9 or B 10 is met, a description of how the vector attraction reduction requirement is met; and

(5) The date bulk biosolids is applied to each site.

3. If the requirements in 9VAC25-32-356 [ A 2 B 2 ] are met when bulk biosolids is applied to agricultural land, forest, a public contact site, or a reclamation site:

a. The person who prepares the bulk biosolids shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

(1) The concentration of each pollutant listed in [ Table 1 Table 2 ] of 9VAC25-32-356 in the bulk biosolids;

(2) The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the pathogen requirements in (insert either 9VAC25-32-675 A or B and the vector attraction reduction requirement in (insert one of the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-32-685 B 1 through B 8, if one of those requirements is met)) was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including the possibility of fines and imprisonment.";

(3) A description of how the pathogen requirements in either 9VAC25-32-675 A or B are met; and,

(4) When one of the vector attraction requirements in 9VAC25-32-685 B 1 through B 8 is met, a description of how the vector attraction reduction requirement is met.

b. The person who applies the bulk biosolids shall develop the following information, retain the information in subdivisions A 3 b (1) through A 3 b (7) indefinitely, and retain the information in subdivisions A 3 b (8) through A 3 b (13) for five years:

(1) The location, by either street address or latitude and longitude, of each site on which bulk biosolids is applied;

(2) The number of hectares in each site on which bulk biosolids is applied;

(3) The date bulk biosolids is applied to each site;

(4) The cumulative amount of each pollutant (i.e., kilograms) listed in [ Table 2 Table 3 ] of 9VAC25-32-356 in the bulk biosolids applied to each site, including the amount in 9VAC25-32-313 F 2 c;

(5) The amount of biosolids (i.e., [ dry ] metric tons) applied to each site;

(6) The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the requirements to obtain information in 9VAC25-32-313 F 2 was prepared for each [ sites site ] on which bulk biosolids is applied under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including fine and imprisonment.";

(7) A description of how the requirements to obtain information in 9VAC25-32-313 F 2 are met;

(8) The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the management practices in 9VAC25-32-313 B and 9VAC25-32-560 was prepared for each site on which bulk biosolids is applied under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including fine and imprisonment.";

(9) A description of how the management practices in 9VAC25-32-560 are met for each site on which bulk biosolids is applied;

(10) The following certification statement when the bulk biosolids meet the Class B pathogen requirements in 9VAC25-32-675 B:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the site restrictions in 9VAC25-32-675 B 5 was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including fines and imprisonment.";

(11) A description of how the site restrictions in 9VAC25-32-675 B 5 are met for each site on which Class B bulk biosolids is applied;

(12) The following certification statement when the vector attraction reduction requirement in either 9VAC25-32-685 B 9 or B 10 is met:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the vector attraction reduction requirement in (insert either 9VAC25-32-685 B 9 or B 10) was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including the possibility of fine and imprisonment."; and

(13) If the vector attraction reduction requirements in either 9VAC25-32-685 B 9 or B 10 are met, a description of how the requirements are met.

B. Domestic septage. When domestic septage is applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site, the person who applies the domestic septage shall develop the following information and shall retain the information for five years:

1. The location, by either street address or latitude and longitude, of each site on which domestic septage is applied;

2. The number of acres in each site on which domestic septage is applied;

3. The date domestic septage is applied to each site;

4. The nitrogen [ and phosphorus ] requirement for the crop or vegetation grown on each site during the 365-day period;

5. The rate, in gallons per acre per 365-day period, at which domestic septage is applied to each site;

6. The following certification statement:

"I certify, under penalty of law, that the information that will be used to determine compliance with the pathogen requirements in (insert either 9VAC25-32-675 C 1 or C 2) and the vector attraction reduction requirements in (insert 9VAC25-32-685 B 9, B 10, or B 12) was prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with the system designed to ensure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate this information. I am aware that there are significant penalties for false certification including the possibility of fine and imprisonment.";

7. A description of how the pathogen requirements in either 9VAC25-32-675 C 1 or C 2 are met; and

8. A description of how the vector attraction reduction requirements in 9VAC25-32-685 B 9; B 10 and B 12 are met.

Article 2
Operational and Monitoring Requirements

9VAC25-32-360. Monitoring; records; reporting. Reporting.

The board may require the owner or operator of any facility to install, use, and maintain monitoring equipment for internal testing of biosolids quality, to identify and determine the causes of operational problems and to determine the necessary corrective actions to correct such problems. If required, test results shall be recorded, compiled, and reported to the department.

A. An activity report shall be submitted (electronically or postmarked) to the department by the 15th day of [ the each ] month [ for land application activity that occurred in the previous calendar month, ] unless another date is specified in the permit in accordance with 9VAC25-32-80 I 4 [ , following any month in which land application occurs ]. The report shall indicate those sites where land application activities took place during the previous month. [ If no land application occurs under a permit during the calendar month, a report shall be submitted stating that no land application occurred. ]

B. A report shall be submitted to the department annually on February 19 of each year for the previous calendar year's activity. The report shall include at a minimum:

1. The information in 9VAC25-32-359 A, except the information in 9VAC25-32-359 A 1 b, A 2 b and A 3 b, for the appropriate requirements; and

2. The information in 9VAC25-32-359 A 3 b (1) through (7) when 90% or more of any of the cumulative pollutant loading rates in [ Table 2 Table 3 ] of 9VAC25-32-356 is reached at a land application site.

[ C. Biosolids application rates shall be calculated using the results from sampling and analysis completed during the most recent 12 months of monitoring. For proposed treatment works, rates may be initially based on the biosolids characteristic produced by similar generating facilities.

D. C. ] Reports shall be maintained documenting the required treatment and quality characteristics and the maximum allowable land application loading rates established for biosolids use; in addition, operational monitoring results shall verify that required sludge treatment has achieved the specified levels of pathogen control and vector attraction reductions (9VAC25-32-675 and 9VAC25-32-685). Adequate records on biosolids composition, treatment classification, biosolids application rates, and methods of application for each site shall be maintained by the generator and owner.

[ E. D. ] The generator and owner shall maintain the records for a minimum period of five years. Sites receiving frequent applications of biosolids that meet or exceed maximum cumulative constituent loadings and dedicated disposal sites should be properly referenced for future land transactions (Sludge Disposal Site Dedication Form).

9VAC25-32-370. Minimum biosolids sampling and testing program. (Repealed.)

A. Sampling and testing methods shall conform to current United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines establishing test procedures for analysis of pollutants or other EPA-approved methods.

B. Either the operation and maintenance manual, sludge management plan, or management practices plan shall contain a specific testing schedule. The testing schedule shall include minimum tests and their frequencies as required to monitor the facility in accordance with the appropriate certificate and the operating permit issued under this regulation.

C. The following sampling instructions shall be followed when collecting samples as required by this regulation:

1. Raw sewage or sludge samples are to be collected prior to the treatment process unit operations.

2. Final treated samples are to be taken at a point following appropriate unit operations in the treatment process. An evaluation of biosolids treatment may require monitoring of fecal coliform levels in the treated sludge.

3. Compositing of samples shall be in accordance with the treatment works operation and maintenance manual. Composite samples of sludge shall consist of grab samples taken in accordance with either the operation and maintenance manual or management practices plan, as appropriate. Composite samples shall be representative of the quality and quantity of the biosolids used. Greater frequency of grab sampling may be desirable where abnormal variation in waste strength occurs. Automatic proportional samplers are considered a valid sampling method.

9VAC25-32-380. Minimum operational testing and control program. (Repealed.)

A. Sampling and testing methods shall conform to current United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines establishing test procedures for analysis of pollutants or other EPA-approved methods.

B. The information furnished with either the operation and maintenance manual, sludge management plan, or management practices plan should recommend and describe the control tests and their frequency that should be routinely conducted by the holder of the permit in order to monitor operations and verify the treatment classification achieved (Table 3). All special sampling methods should be identified. Biosolids use site sampling and testing frequencies should be in accordance with the requirements established by the instructions contained in the biosolids use operation and maintenance manual if provided.

C. Additional operational control information may be required on an individual basis by the department.

9VAC25-32-390. Additional monitoring, reporting and recording requirements for land application. (Repealed.)

A. Either the operation and maintenance manual, sludge management plan or management practices plan shall contain a schedule of the required minimum tests necessary to monitor land application operation. Such testing schedule information for land application of biosolids shall contain instructions for recording and reporting. Monitoring of any associated land treatment systems shall be in accordance with the biosolids use operation and maintenance manual if provided.

B. The permit holder shall provide to the department, and to each locality in which it is permitted to land apply biosolids, written evidence of financial responsibility, including both current liability and pollution insurance, or such other evidence of financial responsibility as the board may establish by regulation in an amount not less than $1 million per occurrence, which shall be available to pay claims for cleanup costs, personal injury, bodily injury and property damage resulting from the transport, storage and land application of biosolids in Virginia. The aggregate amount of financial liability maintained by the permit holder shall be $1 million for companies with less than $5 million in annual gross revenue and shall be $2 million for companies with $5 million or more in annual gross revenue.

C. Evidence of financial responsibility, which may include liability insurance, meeting the requirements herein shall be maintained by the permit holder at all times that it is authorized to transport, store or land apply biosolids in Virginia. The permit holder shall immediately notify the Department of Health in the event of any lapse or cancellation of such financial resources, including insurance coverage, as required by this section.

9VAC25-32-400. Additional monitoring, reporting and recording requirements for sewage sludge and residual solids management.

Either the operation and maintenance manual, sludge management plan, or management practices plan shall contain a schedule of required minimum tests and their frequency to be conducted for the sewage sludge and biosolids management system and shall also contain necessary information to document sewage sludge and biosolids quality. Such test schedule information should include instructions for recording and reporting. Monitoring, reporting and recording requirements for sewage sludge and biosolids quality control shall be in accordance with the sludge management plan or management practices plan in accordance with 9VAC25-32-500 B. The recordkeeping and reporting requirements for sewage sludge and biosolids management contained in the treatment works operation and maintenance manual shall apply to all application sites, regardless of size or frequency of application. However, the requirements relative to monitoring, reporting and recording of site-specific soils and monitoring, reporting and recording of ground water and surface water are not applicable for any site that meets either of the following criteria:

1. Whenever exceptional quality biosolids are marketed and distributed with a label or identification information that specifies proper quality information and describes how agronomic rates are to be determined. Also, whenever Class I treated biosolids are land applied so that (i) the annual loading rate will not result in annual maximum loading rates in excess of those specified in Table 8; (ii) applied biosolids will meet vector attraction requirements; (iii) the amount of nutrients applied does not exceed the total crop needs or agronomic loading rate; (iv) no additional biosolids are applied for at least five years, or the biosolids are applied to land maintained only as pasture or hay land for five years following the last application of biosolids and the nutrient loading rate does not exceed 70% of the annual total crop needs of the grass or hay cover (Tables A-2 and 11).

2. Whenever the application site area for biosolids processed by Class I or II treatment is no larger than l0 acres and is isolated (2,000 feet or more separation distance) from other sites receiving applications of biosolids within three years of the time biosolids are applied to the identified site and the necessary vector attraction requirements are met.

A. The department may recommend require that specified additional site specific monitoring be performed by the holder of the permit for any biosolids land application practice regardless of frequency of application or size of the application area. Such recommendations will requirements may occur in situations in which [ groundwater ground water ] contamination, surface runoff, soil toxicity, health hazards or nuisance conditions are identified as an existing problem or documented as a potential problem as a result of biosolids use operations. Requirements of 9VAC 25-32-510 through 9VAC25-32-580 shall apply in full whether or not a monitoring waiver provision is applicable. Additional monitoring may include, but is not limited to, [ ground water groundwater ], surface water, crop, and soil monitoring.

B. The board may require the owner or operator of any facility or operation to install, use, and maintain monitoring equipment for internal testing of biosolids quality, to identify and determine the causes of operational problems, and to determine the necessary corrective actions to correct such problems. If this testing is required, test results shall be recorded, compiled, and reported to the department.

C. Additional operational control information may be required on an individual basis by the department.

D. The department may require biosolids to be tested for certain toxic organic compounds prior to agricultural use [ (Table 1 of 9VAC25-32-570) ]. If performed and validated, these test results shall be utilized to evaluate the maximum allowable annual loading rate for the tested biosolids. If analytical test results verify that biosolids contains levels of organic chemicals exceeding concentration limits incorporated in federal regulations or standards, appropriate restrictions shall be imposed for agricultural use of those biosolids.

E. Additional parameters may be required for screening purposes such as aluminum (mg/kg), water [ soluable soluble ] boron (mg/kg), calcium (mg/kg), manganese (mg/kg), sulfates (mg/kg), and those pollutants for which removal credits are granted.

F. Microbiological testing may be necessary to document the sludge treatment classification (9VAC25-32-675). Microbiological standards shall be verified by the log mean of the analytical results from testing of [ nine seven ] or more samples of the sludge source. Sampling events shall be separated by an appropriate period of time so as to be representative of the random and cyclic variations in sewage characteristics.

9VAC25-32-410. Operation and maintenance manuals. [ Operations Biosolids ] management plan.

A. General. The general purpose of an operation and maintenance manual is to facilitate operation and maintenance of the biosolids use facilities within permit requirements for both normal conditions and generally anticipated adverse conditions. The manual shall be tailored to the size and type of system being employed. The manual shall be directed toward the operating staff required for the facility. The manual shall be updated as necessary and be made available to the operating staff. The manual should be designed as a reference document, being as brief as possible while presenting the information in a readily accessible manner.

A. The permit holder shall maintain [ an operations management plan and implement a Biosolids Management Plan ] that shall consist of three components:

1. The materials, including site booklets, developed and submitted at the time of permit application or permit modification adding a farm to the permit in accordance with 9VAC25-32-60 F;

2. Nutrient management plan [ developed ] for each site [ , in accordance with 9VAC25-32-560 prior to biosolids application ]; and

3. Operations and maintenance (O&M) manual, developed and submitted to the department within 90 days of the effective date of the permit.

B. Contents. The manual shall contain the testing and reporting elements required by this regulation. In addition, for information and guidance purposes, the manual should contain additional schedules that supplement these required schedules.

B. [ The biosolids management plan and all of its components shall be incorporated as an enforceable part of the permit.

C. Nutrient management plan:

1. A nutrient management plan approved by the Department of Conservation and Recreation shall be required for application sites prior to board authorization under specific conditions, including but not limited to:

a. Sites operated by an owner or lessee of a confined animal feeding operation as defined in subsection A of § 62.1-44.17:1 of the Code of Virginia, or confined poultry feeding operation as defined in subsection A of § 62.1-44.17:1.1 of the Code of Virginia;

b. Sites where land application more frequently than once every three years at greater than 50% of the annual agronomic rate is proposed;

c. Mined or disturbed land sites where land application is proposed at greater than agronomic rates; and

d. Other sites based on site-specific conditions that increase the risk that land application may adversely impact state waters.

2. Where conditions at the land application site change so that it meets one or more of the specific conditions identified in subdivisions 1 a through d of this subsection, an approved nutrient management plan shall be submitted prior to any future land application at the site.

3. The nutrient management plan shall be available for review by the department at the land application site during biosolids land application.

4. Within 30 days after land application at the site has commenced, the permit holder shall provide a copy of the nutrient management plan to the farm operator of the site, the Department of Conservation and Recreation and the chief executive officer or designee for the local government unless they request in writing not to receive the nutrient management plan.

5. The nutrient management plan must be approved by the Department of Conservation and Recreation prior to land application for application sites where the soil test phosphorus levels exceed the values in Table 1 of this section. For purposes of approval, permittees should submit the nutrient management plan to the Department of Conservation and Recreation at least 30 days prior to the anticipated date of land application to ensure adequate time for the approval process.

	TABLE 1 SOIL PHOSPHORUS LEVELS REQUIRING NMP APPROVAL
	Region	Soil Test P (ppm) VPI & SU Test (Mehlich I)*
	Eastern Shore and Lower Coastal Plain	135
	Middle and Upper Coastal Plain and Piedmont	136
	Ridge and Valley	162
	*If results are from another laboratory, the Department of Conservation and Recreation approved conversion factors must be used.

D. ] The O&M manual shall include at a minimum:

1. Equipment maintenance and calibration procedures and schedules;

2. Storage facility maintenance procedures and schedules;

3. Sampling schedules for:

a. Required monitoring; and

b. Operational control testing;

4. Sample collection, preservation, and analysis procedures, including laboratories and methods used; and

5. Instructions for recording and reporting of all monitoring activities.

9VAC25-32-420. Operability.

A. Independently operated essential equipment, or components, of biosolids use facilities and operations, including treatment works, shall be provided with sufficient capacity and routine maintenance resources so that the average quantity of biosolids used may be reliably transported, stored, treated or otherwise managed in accordance with permit requirements. Permit noncompliance shall be prevented in those situations in which the largest component is out of service.

B. The need for spare parts should shall be determined from operational experience, and evaluation of past maintenance requirements, etc. A spare parts inventory may be included in the operation and maintenance manual. The inventory should list the minimum and maximum quantities of the spare parts to be kept on hand, the equipment in which they are used, their storage location, replacement procedures and other pertinent information.

C. Sufficient spare parts determined as necessary to ensure continuous operability of essential unit operations and equipment should shall be either located at the treatment works or at readily accessible locations. The minimum quantities of spare parts actually provided shall be in accordance with the operation and maintenance manual.

9VAC25-32-440. Biosolids monitoring/reporting. (Repealed.)

A. Monitoring biosolids quality shall be performed as required for permit compliance. Monitoring frequency shall be sufficient to both reflect the degree of variability, if any, expected in the biosolids quality and the frequency of application. The following guidelines should provide sufficient data for characterizing the quality of biosolids for biosolids programs that land apply continuously throughout the year.

TABLE 1
Amount of biosolids(1) (metric tons per 365-day period)	Frequency
Greater than zero but less than 290	Once per year
Equal to or greater than 290 but less than 1,500	Once per quarter (four times per year)
Equal to or greater than 1,500 but less than 15,000	Once per 60 days (six times per year)
Equal to or greater than 15,000	Per month (12 times per year)
Note: (1)Either the amount of bulk sewage applied to the land or the amount of sewage sludge received by a person who prepares sewage sludge that is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the land (dry weight basis).

Note: Sampling shall be conducted at approximately equal intervals at the listed frequencies. Biosolids programs that store biosolids and land apply only during discrete events throughout the year shall schedule sampling events to coincide with application periods. The regulatory agency may require increased monitoring frequencies, if necessary, to adequately define any significant variability in biosolids quality. After two years of monitoring the permittee may request that the monitoring frequency be reduced, but in no case to less than once per year in any year that biosolids are applied to land.

B. An activity report shall be submitted (postmarked) to the department by the 15th day of the month unless another date is specified in the permit in accordance with 9VAC25-32-80 I 4, following any month in which land application occurs. The report shall indicate those sites where land application activities took place during the previous month.

C. Biosolids application rates should be based on the annual average sludge quality. The average sludge quality should be established from the results of approved analytical testing of composite samples obtained during the most recent 12 months of monitoring. For proposed treatment works, rates may be initially based on the biosolids characteristic produced by similar generating facilities.

D. The required treatment and quality characteristics and the maximum allowable land application loading rates shall be established for biosolids use. In addition, operational monitoring results shall verify that required sludge treatment has achieved the specified levels of pathogen control and vector attraction reductions (Table 3). Adequate records on sludge composition, treatment classification, sludge application rates and methods of application for each site shall be maintained by the generator and owner. Table 4 shows a sample operating report for documenting the minimum required information. Reporting shall be yearly (postmarked by February 19 for the preceding calendar year) unless otherwise required. The generator and owner shall maintain the records as necessary for a minimum period of five years until further notification by the department. Sites receiving frequent applications of sludge that meet or exceed maximum cumulative constituent loadings and dedicated disposal sites should be properly referenced for future land transactions (see the sample Sludge Disposal Site Dedication Form - Table A-1).

9VAC25-32-450. Sampling, analysis [ , ] and preservation.

A. General. The sampling procedures and protocols used for the national sewage sludge survey (EPA Office of Water Regulations and Standards, March 1988) or validated equivalent methods will be approved by the board through issuance of a permit for biosolids use. Composite samples are better than single grab samples because they define representative "average" levels of sludge characteristics. A large open container such as a one- to two-gallon capacity bucket will normally be necessary to obtain complete grab samples of sludge flows. The volume or weight of grab samples should be adjusted so as to represent approximately equal volumes or weights of the sludge volume or mass being sampled. These adjusted grab samples can then be added to form a composite sample.

A. Representative samples of biosolids that is applied to the land or placed on a surface disposal site shall be collected and analyzed.

1. Raw sewage or sludge samples are to be collected prior to the treatment process unit operations.

2. Final treated samples are to be taken at a point following appropriate unit operations in the treatment process. An evaluation of biosolids treatment may require monitoring of fecal coliform levels in treated biosolids.

3. Composite samples shall be collected in accordance with the treatment works operation and maintenance manual.

B. Liquid sludge biosolids. In the case of digesters and liquid storage holding tanks, a representative sample shall be composed of at least four grab samples obtained during daily operations at the facility or land application site. Samples of liquid biosolids obtained under pressure or vacuum should be obtained shortly after the beginning, during and at the end of the time period that the biosolids are produced at the sampling point.

C. Biosolids storage facilities. Equal volumes of biosolids should shall be withdrawn from random locations across the width and throughout the length of the storage facility at the surface, mid-depth and near the bottom of the lagoon at each grab sample location. These grab samples should shall be added to form a composite mix. A range of the recommended minimum number of grab samples that should be obtained from various sizes of sludge lagoons biosolids storage facilities in order to obtain a representative composite sample is presented in Table 1 of this section:

TABLE 1 MINIMUM NUMBER OF GRAB SAMPLES FROM STORAGE FACILITIES
Lagoon Surface Area (Acres)	Minimum Number of Grab Samples
	Depth less than 4 feet	Depth greater than 4 feet
1 to 9.99	4 to 5	6 to 8
10 or more	6 to 8	9 to 11

D. Dewatered sludge biosolids. Small, equally sized grab samples of the dewatered sludge stream may be taken at equally spaced intervals over the period of operation of the dewatering unit. Centrifuged sludge biosolids samples may be taken from a belt conveyor or receiving hopper. Filter cake sludge biosolids samples may be taken from a belt conveyor or a portion of the cake may be removed as it leaves the unit. The smaller grab samples should be combined to form a representative composite sample. A composite sample can be obtained over the daily operational period at the land application site.

E. Compost sampling. Composite Collect composite samples are preferred composed of at least three grab samples of 1 kilogram or more so that a representative average level of compost characteristics can be obtained from analytical testing. Although the compost material has been subjected to premixing, some variation in quality may exist and at least three grab samples of one kilogram or more should be taken of each mixture and combined to form a composite sample of that mixture. This mixture should be used for analytical testing or for combination with other composites to obtain a total composite sample representing a fixed period of operation. Compost samples may be taken with a scoop or shovel and placed in flexible bags that can be thoroughly shaken to mix grab samples.

F. Analysis and preservation of samples. In general, sludge samples should be refrigerated at approximately 4°C immediately after collection, which provides adequate preservation for most types of sludge physical and chemical analysis for a period up to seven days. Exact sample analysis and preservation techniques should be submitted in the sludge management plan. Analytical procedures should be updated as needed. Biosolids samples shall be preserved and analyzed in accordance with methods listed in 40 CFR Part 136 (2007) and methods identified in 9VAC25-31-490. Calculation procedures in the methods shall be used to calculate the percent volatile solids reduction for biosolids. Any other acceptable test procedure not listed in 40 CFR Part 136 (2007) shall be specified in the VPA permit.

9VAC25-32-460. Soils monitoring and reporting.

A. Soil should shall be sampled and analyzed prior to sludge biosolids application [ to determine site suitability and to provide background data ]. After the land application program is underway, it may be necessary to continue monitoring possible changes in the soil characteristics of the application site. [ No sample analysis used to determine application rates shall be more than three years old at the time of biosolids land application. ] Soil shall be sampled and analyzed in accordance with Table 1 of this section. [ Reduced monitoring will usually may apply for typical agricultural utilization projects where biosolids are applied to farmland at or below agronomic rates or on an infrequent basis (see Table 5) (Table 1). ] Reduced monitoring may also apply to one time sludge biosolids applications to forest or reclaimed lands. For background analysis, random composite soil samples from the zone of incorporation is required for infrequent applications and frequent applications at less than agronomic rates (total less than 15 dry tons per acre).

TABLE 1 SOIL TEST PARAMETERS FOR LAND APPLICATION SITES1
	[ Biosolids Application			Storage
Parameter	Infrequent2	Frequent Below Agro-nomic Rates2	Frequent at Agro-nomic Rates2	Super-natant4
Soil pH (Std. Units)	*	*	*	*
Nitrate nitrogen (ppm)3			*
Available phosphorus (ppm)5	*	*	*	*
Extractable potassium (ppm)	*	*	*	*
Extractable sodium (mg/100g)	6	6	6	6*
Extractable calcium (mg/100g)			*	*
Extractable magnesium (mg/100g)	*		*	*
Zinc (ppm)	*	*	*	*
Manganese (ppm)	*	*	*
Hydraulic conductivity (cm/sec)				*
1Note: Unless otherwise stated, analyses shall be reported on a dry weight basis (*). 2See 9VAC25-32-560 B 3. 3Only used as a supplemental fertilizer for side-dressing corn. 4Liquid biosolids derived from biosolids use facilities. 5Available P shall be analyzed using one of the following methods: Mehlich I, Mehlich III, or Bray. 6Extractable sodium shall be analyzed only where biosolids known to be high in sodium will be land applied.
Parameter
Soil pH (Std. Units)
Available phosphorus (ppm)2
Extractable potassium (ppm)
Extractable sodium (mg/100g)3
Extractable calcium (mg/100g)
Extractable magnesium (mg/100g)
Zinc (ppm)
Manganese (ppm)
1Note: Unless otherwise stated, analyses shall be reported on a dry weight basis. 2Available P shall be analyzed using one of the following methods: Mehlich I or Mehlich III. 3Extractable sodium shall be analyzed only where biosolids known to be high in sodium will be land applied. ]

Generally, one subsample per acre should be taken for application sites of 10 acres or more receiving frequent applications. For frequent land application sites greater than 50 acres, a controlled area of approximately 10 acres in size may be provided that is representative of site loading and soil characteristics. The control area should be sampled through random collection of approximately 20 subsamples taken according to standard agricultural practices. Records of soil analysis must be maintained by the owner and submitted as required.

B. The permit applicant or permit holder may be required to conduct soil testing and analysis of additional parameters, as determined by the department, based on site-specific history or conditions.

C. Samples shall be collected in accordance with § 10.1-104.2 of the Code of Virginia.

9VAC25-32-480. [ Groundwater Ground water ] monitoring and reporting.

A. Monitoring wells may be required by the board as recommended by the department for land treatment sites, sludge lagoons, or sludge holding biosolids land application sites, or biosolids storage facilities to monitor [ groundwater ground water ] quality. The wells should be designed and located to meet specific geologic and hydrologic conditions at each site. Existing wells or springs may be approved for use as monitoring wells if they can be shown to provide a representative sample of groundwater conditions. The monitoring well should be constructed so as to sample the shallowest occurrence of groundwater that can reliably be obtained. The wells must be deep enough to penetrate the water table, and the screened interval must be in the saturated zone. The well construction should include PVC casing and screen with a bottom end plug or cap. The casing joints should be of the threaded, split ring or some other type that does not require adhesive. The screened interval should be backfilled with washed porous media (sand/gravel) and a bentonite or other impermeable seal placed at least two feet above the screen. The remainder of the well may be backfilled with clean native materials. A concrete surface seal should slope away from the well. Locking caps are recommended. Upon well completion, a driller's log shall be submitted to the department.

B. Sampling procedures must assure maintenance of sample integrity. Samples should be collected in clean sample containers and with an uncontaminated sampling device. In order to obtain a representative sample, standing water in the well must be evacuated prior to sampling. At a minimum, at least three times the volume of water standing in the borehole should be removed prior to taking a sample for analysis to assure movement of formation water into the well and eliminate false readings that would be obtained from water that has stratified in the well. Samples may be obtained by pumping, bailing or pressure methods (e.g., Bar Cad samplers). The state does not endorse any one particular method or manufacturer, but each method has advantages and disadvantages that must be considered prior to final selection. Sampling methodology should be submitted for initial review. To obtain sufficient background groundwater quality data, three to six monthly samples should be collected from each observation well prior to placing the land application site or other facility into operation. Sampling should account for seasonal groundwater table fluctuations. Groundwater samples shall be collected and analyzed on a quarterly basis during operation of the site or facility. Table 6 lists typical parameters for groundwater monitoring. Additional test parameters may be required on a case-by-case basis. If [ ground water groundwater ] monitoring is required, a [ ground water groundwater ] monitoring plan shall be submitted to the department for approval that includes at a minimum:

1. Geologic and hydrologic conditions at the site;

2. Monitoring well design, placement, and construction;

3. Sampling frequency;

4. Sampling procedures, including quality assurance and quality control; and

5. Collection of background samples.

C. Sample analysis and preservation techniques should be in accordance with the latest edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.

TABLE 2
PARAMETERS FOR BIOSOLIDS ANALYSIS⁽¹⁾

A. Suggested minimum

Source of sludge

Type of sludge (lime stabilized, aerobically digested, etc.)

Percent solids (%)

Volatile solids (%)

pH (standard units)

Total kjeldahl nitrogen (%)

Ammonia nitrogen (%)

Nitrates (mg/kg)

Total phosphorus (%)

Total potassium (%)

Alkalinity as CaCO₃ (mg/kg)⁽²⁾

Arsenic (mg/kg)

Cadmium (mg/kg)

Copper (mg/kg)

Lead (mg/kg)

Mercury (mg/kg)

Molybdenum (mg/kg)

Nickel (mg/kg)

Selenium (mg/kg)

Zinc (mg/kg)

⁽¹⁾Values reported on a dry weight basis unless indicated.

⁽²⁾Lime treated sludges (10% or more lime by dry weight) should be analyzed for percent CaCO₃.

B. Additional parameters such as the organic chemicals listed in Table 12 may be required for screening purposes as well as aluminum (mg/kg), water soluble boron (mg/kg), calcium (mg/kg), chlorides (mg/l), manganese (mg/kg), sulfates (mg/kg), and those pollutants for which removal credits are granted.

C. Microbiological testing may be necessary to document the sludge treatment classification (Table 3). Microbiological standards shall be verified by the log mean of the analytical results from testing of nine or more samples of the sludge source. Sampling events shall be separated by an appropriate period of time so as to be representative of the random and cyclic variations in sewage characteristics.

TABLE 3
STANDARDS FOR DOCUMENTATION OF PATHOGEN CONTROL AND VECTOR ATTRACTION REDUCTION LEVELS FOR BIOSOLIDS

A. Pathogen control standards (dry weight of sludge solids basis).

1. Class I treatment for Class A pathogen control.

a.⁽¹⁾ Composting or other acceptable time-temperature treatment* shall result in a biosolids content equal to or less than either 1,000 fecal coliform per gram or three salmonella per four grams of total solids in treated sludge prior to removal for use or preparation for distribution.

b. Stabilization**⁽²⁾ Verify a biosolids content less than either 1,000 MPN fecal coliform per gram of total solids, or three salmonella, or one virus (PFU), or one helminth egg, per four grams of total sludge solids and provide that vector attraction reduction requirements will be met upon use.

2. Class II treatment for Class B pathogen control.

a.⁽¹⁾ When the influent sludge stream to the stabilization unit operation contains more than 6 log10 fecal coliform per gram of total solids, a reduction of 1.5 log10 of fecal coliform or more may be required for stabilization.

b. Stabilization⁽²⁾. Verify biosolids content maximum of 6.3 log10 of fecal coliform per gram of total solids in sludges subjected to adequate treatment and provide that vector attraction reduction requirements will be met upon use.

B. Vector attraction reduction requirements (must satisfy one of the following for approval of land application of biosolids).

1. Thirty-eight percent volatile solids (VS) reduction by digestion processes, or:

a. Less than 38% reduction by anaerobic digestion if additional treatment (additional 40 days or more at 32°C or more) results in less than 17% additional VS reduction:

Additional VS Reduction = VSD1-VSD2 / VSD1-(VSD1)(VSD2)

D1 = Initial conventional digestion period

D2 = Additional 40-day digestion period

b. Less than 38% reduction by aerobic digestion if the specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) of sludge is 1.5 or less milligrams of oxygen per hour per gram of total sludge solids (dry weight basis) at a temperature of 20°C.

c. Less than 38% reduction by aerobic digestion if additional treatment (additional 30 days or more at 20°C or more) results in less than 15% additional VS reduction.

d. Less than 38% reduction if treated in an adequately aerated unit operation for 14 days or more at a temperature exceeding 40°C and the average sludge temperature exceeds 45°C.

2. Sludge pH is 12 or more (alkaline addition) for two consecutive hours and remains at 11.5 or higher for 22 additional hours (no further alkaline additions), or

3. Seventy-five percent or more total solids in treated sludge if no untreated primary sludge is included, or 90% total solids if unstabilized primary sludge is included, prior to any mixing with other materials, or

4. Either incorporation of treated sludge into the soil within six hours of surface application, or direct injection below the surface of the land so that no evidence of any significant amounts of sludge is present on the land surface within one hour of injection.

5. For land application of biosolids receiving Class I treatment:

a. For surface application: apply to land within eight hours of final treatment and incorporate below the surface within six hours of application, or achieve one of the appropriate vector attraction reduction requirements by treatment.

b. For subsurface application: inject within eight hours of final treatment or achieve one of the appropriate vector attraction reduction requirements by treatment.

C. Documentation statement for submission of treatment, or quality, verification reports:

I have submitted the proper documentation to verify that the necessary levels of pathogen reduction and vector attraction reduction have been achieved for all sludge to be land applied in accordance with the permit requirements. These determinations have been made under my direction and supervision in accordance with approved procedures developed to ensure that qualified personnel obtain and evaluate the information necessary to ensure permit compliance. Also, the sludge quality characteristics are suitable for land application in accordance with permit requirements (if appropriate).

Signed by Responsible Person in Charge

(Title if appropriate) Date

⁽¹⁾Note: Refers to an acceptable method of treatment with established operational controls capable of treating sludge to produce the required microbiological standards (see Article 3 (9VAC25-32-490 et seq.) of this part.

⁽²⁾Refers to testing standards.